APA 6TH VS.

7TH EDITION

In late 2019, the American Psychological Association (APA) published a revised style
guide: the 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association. This edition contains a few minor changes to the 6th edition of the
manual.

Key changes at a glance

• Et al.: “et al.” is used in the first in-text citation for works with three or more authors.
• Up to 20 authors cited: In the reference list, give the surnames and initials for up to 20
authors.
• Website names: Website names are now included as well as the webpage title.
• Publication location: The location of the publisher (i.e., city, country/state code) is no
longer required.
• Ebook publisher: You no longer need to give the platform, format, or device (e.g.,
Kindle) for ebooks, but you do need give the publisher.
• "Retrieved from": You no longer need to write “Retrieved from” before a URL.
• DOIs: DOIs are formatted the same as URLs. You do not need to write "DOI."
• Spelling and capitalization of ethnic and racial terms: Ethnic and racial groups are
capitalised.
• Minor changes: Inclusive language, Formatting assignments; The mechanics of style;
Tables, figures, and graphs; Heading levels.

CITATION
APA 6th Edition
For 3 – 5 authors (First time appearing in text):
(Smith, Khan, & Zhang, 2019)
Smith, Khan, and Zhang (2019)

Subsequent appearance:
(Smith et al., 2019)
Smith et al. (2019)
APA 7th Edition
For 3 – 5 authors (First time appearing in text):
(Smith et al., 2019)
Smith et al. (2019)

MANY AUTHORS IN THE REFERENCE LIST

APA 6th ed. uses “. . .” (an ellipsis) to replace all authors between the sixth author
and the last author (no more than seven authors are listed):

Smith, J. D., Khan, V., Zhang, H., Williams, T., Garcia, J., Sato, Y., . . .
Laurence, D.

If there are 6 or 7 authors, all of their names are spelled out in the reference list.

APA 7th ed. includes the surnames and initials of up to and including 20 authors in
the reference list. For works with more than 21 authors, use an ellipsis between the
19th and final author. There should be no more than 20 names:

McDuff, C., Smith, J., Kensington, K., Jones, S., Coughlan, S., Bortolin, L.,
Witte, M., Scott, A., Newport, A., Jensen, K., Wutzler, J., van Staden, I.,
McLean, J., Bergsma, G., Dowman, B., Petrie, K., Higgens, D., McCloud,
R., Jessop, L., …Duncan, P. (2017). An introduction to quantitative
analysis in finance. Houghton.

WEBSITE NAMES

APA 6th ed.

Lawson, J. F. (2019). The impacts of plastic on Indonesian migratory birds. Retrieved

from https://www.doc.govt.nz/reports/birds/indonesiaplastic/

APA 7th ed.

Lawson, J. F. (2019). The impacts of plastic on Indonesian migratory birds.

Department of Conservation.
https://www.doc.govt.nz/reports/birds/indonesiaplastic/

]
PUBLISHER LOCATION

APA 6th ed.

Lawford, C. K. (2009). Moments of clarity: Voices from the front lines of addiction
and recovery. NY: William Morrow.

APA 7th ed.

Lawford, C. K. (2009). Moments of clarity: Voices from the front lines of addiction
and recovery. William Morrow.

DOI FORMAT

APA 6th ed.

Gelkopf, M., Ryan, P., Cotton, S., & Berger, R. (2008). The impact of “training the
trainers” for helping tsunami-survivor children on Sri Lankan disaster
volunteer workers. International Journal of Stress Management, 15(2), 117-
135. doi:10.1037/1072-5245.15.2.117

APA 7th ed.

Gelkopf, M., Ryan, P., Cotton, S., & Berger, R. (2008). The impact of “training the
trainers” for helping tsunami-survivor children on Sri Lankan disaster
volunteer workers. International Journal of Stress Management, 15(2), 117-
135. https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.15.2.117

BOOKS

Arnott, G. D. (2017). The disability support worker (2nd ed.). Cengage Learning.
DOI

THESIS/DISSERTATION

Author - last name, initial(s). (Year). Title of thesis – italicised [Doctoral dissertation
or Master's thesis, Institution]. Archive name. http://www.xxxxxx

Axford, J. C. (2007). What constitutes success in Pacific Island community conserved

areas? [Doctoral dissertation, University of Queensland]. UQ eSpace.
http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:158747

Aron, L., Botella, M., & Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their

development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, & F. C. Worrell

(Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into

domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological

Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016

Dillard, J. P. (2020). Currents in the study of persuasion. In M. B. Oliver, A. A.

Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and

research (4th ed., pp. 115–129). Routledge.

Thestrup, K. (2010). To transform, to communicate, to play—The experimenting

community in action. In E. Hygum & P. M. Pedersen (Eds.), Early childhood

education: Values and practices in Denmark. Hans Reitzels

Forlag. https://earlychildhoodeducation.digi.hansreitzel.dk/?id=192
TABLE AND FIGURE APA 7TH ED.

Jadual 1.1
Keputusan Ujian Normaliti Skewness dan Kurtosis

Konstruk Skewness Kurtosis

AF 0.366 0.180
INT -0.401 0.876
PBC -0.168 0.470
SKP -0.942 1.362
SN -0.566 0.323
SS 0.210 0.130

Rajah 1.1

Kerangka Konseptual