Virtual Lab 4

Disease Diagnosis – Oil Palm and Rubber Diseases

Instruction
• This virtual Lab 3.0 is about oil palm and rubber diseases.
• You need to focus on the given samples and answer the questions.
• There are 2 tasks need to be completed. You are given a week to
complete all the tasks.
• Answer all questions in this PPT file, save the file as (Your Full
name_VL3; E.g. Ali Bin Abu _VL3) and then send/ drop your file to the
given google drive folder
(https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1WEgmzPkyGbySQyXSlnKup9D-
hvWH--F8?usp=sharing).
• You can add more slides when needed for your answers.
 Storyline

• Mr Ali has five hectares of oil palm plantation and 3 hectares of

rubber plantation and recently she observed her palm and rubber
plants having some problems related to diseases.
• Mr Ali needs your help to diagnose the diseases and provide
suggestions on how to control the disease.
• Mr Ali brought five samples of infected rice plants to the Lab that
need your expertise to identify the disease and propose the
control methods.
SAMPLE 1

Collected from Oil Palm

Plantation on 20th April
2020

Name of Disease :

Bunch rot disease

caused by Marasmius
palmivorus
SAMPLE 2

Collected from Oil Palm

Plantation on 20th April
2020

Name of Disease :

Leaf spot caused by

Curvularia oryzae
SAMPLE 3

Collected from Rubber

Plantation on 20th April
2020

Name of Disease :

Powdery mildew
caused by Oidium
heveae
SAMPLE 4

Collected from Rubber

Plantation on 20th April
2020

Name of Disease :

Colletotrichum Leaf
Disease caused
Colletotrichum acutatum
or C .gloeosporioides
SAMPLE 5

Collected from Rubber

Plantation on 20th April
2020

Name of Disease :

Pink disease caused by

Corticium salminicolor
 TASK 1 : Describe the disease
symptoms for each sample based on
the given photos
SAMPLE 1

i. During the initial of infection, strands of mycelium are seen on top of the fruit
bunches.
ii. When conditions are very moist or humid, fruit bunch rapidly covered by many
mycelium and rhizomorphs.
iii. In the later stage, the mycelium grow over the fruits and penetrate the mesocarp
to produce a wet rot in light brown color.
iv. The fruit bunches finally rot and abort due to Marasmiellus infection and
secondary infection by other microorganisms.
v. Lastly, Marasmiellus sporophores in the form of whitish mushroom-like fruiting
bodies-can be seen
 TASK 1 : Describe the disease
symptoms for each sample based on
the given photos
SAMPLE 2

1. Leaf spot diseases (curvularia oryzae)

• Leaf spot exhibiting brown or black centers with yellow halos.Spot are randomly scattered on the leaf
tissue.
• Desmonstrated by dark brown pin point on the leaves
• leaf spot and leaf blight on spear leaves.
• Yellow necrotic spot emerge.
 TASK 1 : Describe the disease
symptoms for each sample based on
the given photos
SAMPLE 3
1. . Powdery Mildew(Oidium
heveaea)
• common during and after
overwintering or
flushing of trees
• The shiny filamentous
colonies of Oidium are
visible on both sides of the
affected freshly fallen leaves.
• Defoliation of young
shoots
SAMPLE 4
1. Colletotrichum Leaf Disease caused Colletotrichum
acutatum or C .gloeosporioides
• Copper brown leaves usually discolor, shrivel and fall off.
• Severe attacks in nurseries can result in leafless trees,
growth retardation and budding difficulties due bark
changes.
• The spot are circular with a narrow brown margin
surrounded by a distinct yellow halo.
 TASK 1 : Describe the disease
symptoms for each sample based on
the given photos
SAMPLE 5

1. . Pink disease caused by Corticium salminicolor

• Later latex will be oozing out.

• The white mycelium will penetrate the cortical
• tissues.
• The branch finally dies.
TASK 2 : Propose the control methods
SAMPLE 1
Name of the disease : :Bunch
Rot Diseases.
The control methods
Cultural control
• Field sanitation to ensure
potential infection that not
build up is of paramount
importance.
• Use fungiside such as
thiram.
SAMPLE 2
Name of the disease : Leaf
spot diseases (curvularia
oryzae)
The control methods
Chemical control
• Control at the early stage
of infection, with
Thibendazole 80%a.i used
at 0.1%
• For Cochliobolus and
thiram ( 80%a.i used at
0.2%).
SAMPLE 3
Name of the disease :
Powdery Mildew (Oidium
heveaea)
The control methods
Chemical control
- Sulphur dusting, tridemorph
; Daconil; Propineb spray,
Copper
oxychloride by aerial
spraying, fogging.
- Resistant clone
- Diseases servey
TASK 2 : Propose the control methods
SAMPLE 4
Name of the disease :
Colletotrichum Leaf Disease
caused Colletotrichum acutatum
or C .gloeosporioides
The control methods
Cultural control
• Sanitation is critical in
controlling the disease
• This method has also been
demonstrated to reduce pests
such has anthracnose
Chemical Control
• use of fungicides
SAMPLE 5
Name of the disease : Pink
disease
The control methods
Chemical Control
• Spraying Bordeaux
mixture, benomyl
• Painting with fungicides
(tridemorph, thiram,
chlorothalonil)