INVESTIGACIÓN OPERATIVA

SESIÓN 11: MÉTODO

ANALÍTICO SIMPLEX
(EJEMPLO DE APLICACIÓN)
MG.ING. MANUEL CASTILLO
ALVARADO
 EJEMPLO
MAXIMIZAR: Z = 6X1 + 5X2
12X1 + 8X2 ≤ 48
3X1 + 3X2 ≤ 18
5X1 + 10X2 ≤ 40
X1 ≥ 0 ; X 2 ≥ 0
 MAXIMIZAR: Z = 6X1 + 5X2 + 0X3 + 0X4 + 0X5
12X1 + 8X2 + X3 = 48
3X1 + 3X2 + X4 = 18
5X1 + 10X2 + X5 = 40
TABLA 1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
6 5 0 0 0
X3 0 12 8 1 0 0 48 4 VS (menor positivo)
X4 0 3 3 0 1 0 18 6
X5 0 5 10 0 0 1 40 8
-6 -5 0 0 0

VE (más
negativo) VALOR DE ENTRADA:
0(12) + 0(3) + 0(5) – 6 = -6
VALOR DE SALIDA:
0(8) + 0(3) + 0(10) – 5 = -5
48/12 = 4 →PIVOTE = 12
0(1) + 0(0) + 0(0) – 0 = 0
18/3 = 6 ENTRA X1
0(0) + 0(1) + 0(0) – 0 = 0
40/5 = 8 SALE X3
0(0) + 0(0) + 0(1) – 0 = 0
ENTRA X1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
SALE X3
12/12 = 1 6 5 0 0 0
8/12 = 2/3 X3 0 12* 8 1 0 0 48 4
1/12 = 1/12 X4 0 3 3* 0* 1 0 18* 6
0/12 = 0
0/12 = 0 X5 0 5 10* 0* 0 1 40* 8
48/12 = 4 -6 -5 0 0 0

TABLA 2 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
6 5 0 0 0
X1 6 1 2/3 1/12 0 0 4
X4 0 0 * * 1 0 *
X5 0 0 * * 0 1 *

• 3 – 3(8)/12 = 1
• 0 – 3(1)/12 = -1/4
• 18 – 3(48)/12 = 6
• 10 – 5(8)/12 = 20/3
• 0 – 5(1)/12 = -5/12
• 40 – 5(48)/12 = 20
 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
6 5 0 0 0
X1 6 1 2/3 1/12 0 0 4 6
X4 0 0 1 -1/4 1 0 6 6
X5 0 0 20/3 -5/12 0 1 20 3 VS (menor
0 -1 1/2 0 0 positivo)

VE (más
negativo)

VALOR DE ENTRADA: VALOR DE SALIDA:

6(1) + 0(0) + 0(0) – 6 = 0 4/2/3 = 6
6(2/3) + 0(1) + 0(20/3) – 5 = -1 6/1 = 6
6(1/12) + 0(-1/4) + 0(-5/12) – 0 = 1/2 20/20/3 = 3
6(0) + 0(1) + 0(0) – 0 = 0
6(0) + 0(0) + 0(1) – 0 = 0 →PIVOTE = 20/3
ENTRA X2
SALE X5
ENTRA X2 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
SALE X5
0/20/3 = 0 6 5 0 0 0
20/3/20/3 = 1 X1 6 1 2/3 1/12* 0 0* 4* 6
-5/12/20/3 = -1/16 X4 0 0 1 -1/4* 1 0* 6* 6
0/20/3 = 0
1/20/3 = 3/20 X5 0 0 20/3* -5/12 0 1 20 3
20/20/3 = 3 0 -1 1/2 0 0

TABLA 3 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
6 5 0 0 0
X1 6 1 0 * 0 * *
X4 0 0 0 * 1 * *
X2 5 0 1 -1/16 0 3/20 3

• 1/12 – (2/3)(-5/12)/(20/3) = 1/8

• 0 – (2/3)(1)/(20/3) = -1/10
• 4 – (2/3)(20)/(20/3) = 2
• -1/4 – (1)(-5/12)/(20/3) = -3/16
• 0 – (1)(1)/(20/3) = -3/20
• 6 – (1)(20)/(20/3) = 3
 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
6 5 0 0 0
X1 6 1 0 1/8 0 -1/10 2
X4 0 0 0 -3/16 1 -3/20 3
X2 5 0 1 -1/16 0 3/20 3
0 0 7/16 0 3/20

VALOR DE ENTRADA:
SOLUCIÓN ÓPTIMA:
6(1) + 0(0) + 5(0) – 6 = 0
X1 = 2
6(0) + 0(0) + 5(1) – 5 = 0
X2 = 3
6(1/8) + 0(-3/16) + 5(-1/16) – 0 = 7/16
Z = 6X1 + 5X2 = 6(2) + 5(3) = 27
6(0) + 0(1) + 5(0) – 0 = 0
6(-1/10) + 0(-3/20) + 5(3/20) – 0 = 3/20