Cal Silo

CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
METAL PREMIXING TANK ( (M-121)
PKN-E-M-CS-003
References : 1) M&A Reimbert, Silos Theory and Practice, First Edition, 1976
References : 2) Sargis S. safarian & Ernest C. Harris, Design and Construction of Silos and Bunkers, 1985
Project Name : PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN PABRIK KATALIS NASIONAL
KAWASAN INDUSTRI KUJANG, CIKAMPEK
DISIPLINE : MECHANICAL
I. DESIGN DATA
1. Stored Bulk Material : Metal Pre-mixing Solution
2. Parameter Bulk Material :
a. Bulk Density g= 1300 Kg/m3
b. Angle of Repose q= 40 Degree (Table 2-13 Values of Material
c. Wall Friction Coefficient m= 0,55 Properties (coal, lime hydrated,powder), Sargis S. safarian)
d. Angle of Internal Friction a= 40 Degree (Approximately the same as angle of
e. Angle of Material to Wall Friction a'= 28,81 Degree repose (Sargis S.Safarian p-5 sec 1-6))
3. Dimensions :
a. Inside Diameter of Silo D= 2,3 m
b. Height Shell of Silo H= 2,7 m
c. Cone Angle b= 50 Degree
d. Upper Cone Ensilage h= 0,96 m
e. Bottom Cone Ensilage h'= 1,03 m
e. Hydraulic mean radius r= 0,58 m
4. Plate Material :
a. Base Material : SS-304
- Maximum Allowable Stress S= 1397 kg/cm2
- Density r= 8000 Kg/m3
- Width w= 1,5 m
5. Other Data :
a. Safety Factor SF= 1,5
b. Welded Joint Efficiency h= 0,85
c. Corrosion Allowance CA= 0 mm
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
Project Name : PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN PABRIK KATALIS NASIONAL simbol ini dihapus
saja, karena bisa
salah tafsir. untuk
pengertian z sendiri
II. SHELL DESIGN
adalah kedalaman
yang diukur dari garis
Number of Shell Course N= 2 nos acuan (lihat lembar
pertama)
Width of 1st shell course z1= 1,5 m
Width of 2st shell course z2= 1,2 m
A. Lateral Pressure
Maximum Lateral Pressure Pmax= kg/m2
Pmax= 1495,00 kg/m2
Characteristic absisca A= m
angka belum
A= 9,146 m
direvisi
Lateral Pressure per Course Pz= kg/m2
Lateral Pressure of 1st shell course Pz,1= 35,29 1 − 2

+1 = 603,84 kg/m2
0,142
Lateral Pressure of 2st shell course Pz,2= 35,29 1 − 0,171 + 1 = 326,69 kg/m2
0,142
B. Vertical Pressure
Vertical Pressure per Course qz= kg/m2
Vertical Pressure of 1st shell course qz,1= 1300 2 2 1,33 = 3128,13 kg/m2
+1 +
0,142 3
Vertical Pressure of 2st shell course qz,2= 1300 0,171 0,171 + 1 +

1,33 = 1797,21 kg/m2
0,142 3
C. Shell Thickness
C1. Thickness Calculation due to Expansion Stress

CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
Expansion Stress Ez= R.Pz kg/m (R:Radius of Silo = D/2 [m])
Expansion Stress of 1st shell course Ez,1= 1,15 x 603.84 = 694,41 kg/m
Expansion Stress of 2st shell course Ez,2= 1,15 x 326.69 = 375,70 kg/m
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
Shell Thickness tEz= mm
Shell Thickness of 1st shell course tEz,1= 1,5 × 694,41 = 0,0877 mm

+0
10 × 1397 × 0,85
Shell Thickness of 2st shell course tEz,2= 1,5 × 375.70 = 0,0475 mm

+0
10 × 1397 × 0,85
C2. Thickness Calculation due to Friction Force
Friction Force of Bulk Material to Shell Fz= Kg/m (r: Mean Hydrolic Radius=D/4 [m])
1,2
Friction Force of Bulk Material to 1st Shell Fz,1= 1300 × 2,3 2.7 = 460,01 Kg/m
4 2.7 + 9,15
Friction Force of Bulk Material to 2st Shell Fz,2= 2,3 1,12 = 104,04 Kg/m
1300 ×
4 1,2 + 9.15
Shell Thickness tFz= mm
Shell Thickness of 1st shell course tFz,1= 1,5 × 460.01 = 0,06 mm

+0
10 × 1397 × 0,85
Shell Thickness of 2st shell course tFz,2= 1,5 × 104,04 = 0,01 mm

+0
10 × 1397 × 0,85
Tabel 1 Shell Thickness Calculation Result
Shell z Pz Fz tEz tFz td tused Ws

Course (m) (kg/m2) (kg/m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg)
#1 2,7 603,84 460,01 0,0877 0,06 0,09 5 520,25
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
#2 1,200 326,69 104,04 0,0475 0,01 0,05 5 416,20
Note : td= plate thickness design, tused= plate thickness used

Ws= weight of shell plate (new)
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
C3. Thickness Calculation due to Vertical Compressive Force
Vertical Compressive Stress fc= kg/m2
Vertical Compressive Force V= kg/m
Roof Weight of Silo W r= 163,07 kg
Wall Weight of Silo Ws1 = 772,24 kg

Ws2 = 346,83 kg
Load above the roof Lr = 150 kg
Allowable Compressive Stress sc= kg/m2
C4. Final Thickness
a. If fc < sc, thickness of shell course used is adequate for Final Thickness
b. If fc > sc, thickness of shell course used is not adequate. tused shall be recalculated.
C4.1. Final Thickness for Shell Course #1
Trial 1
tused = 5 mm
Vertical Compressive Force V= 3128.125 × 2,3 + 460.01 + 772.24,05 + 163.07 + 150

4 𝜋 × 2.3
angka belum direvisi V= 2.408,89 kg/m
fc,1= 2408.89/0,005
2
fc,1= 481.778 kg/m
Allowable Compressive Stress sc= 2,109 × 10 0,005 0,005

× 1 − 100
1,15 3 × 1,15
2
sc= 7.840.643 kg/m 16581630,43
fc < sc, thickness of shell course used is adequate for Final Thickness
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
C4.2. Final Thickness for Shell Course #2
Trial 1
tused = 5 mm
angka belum direvisi 2,3 346,83 + 544,38 + 150
Vertical Compressive Force V= 1797,21 × + 106,04 +
4 𝜋 × 3,8
V= 1.228,76 kg/m
Vertical Compressive Stress fc,2= 1277,41/0.005

fc,2= 245.753 kg/m2
sc= 2,109 × 10 0,005 0,005

Allowable Compressive Stress × 1 − 100
1,15 3 × 1,15
sc= 7.840.643 kg/m2
fc < sc, thickness of shell course used is adequate for Final Thickness
Tabel 2 Final Thickness Summary

belum ada
formulanya
Shell z Ws qz V tused fc sc tf Wf
2 2 2
Courses (m) (kg) kg/m kg/m (mm) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (mm) (kg)
#1 2,7 772,24 3128,13 2408,89 5 7.840.642,72 5 433,5
#2 1,2 346,83 1797,21 1228,76 5 245.752,97 7.840.642,72 5 346,8
dibulatkan sesuai
III. HOPPER DESIGN
dengan hasil
perhitungan diatas
A. Tangential Stress, Ft
Tangential Stress Ft= kg/m
Ft= 2145,10 kg/m
Normal Stress to Hopper in depth z' qb = kg/m2
qb = 1428,90 kg/m2
Lateral pressure to Hopper in depth z' Pz'= kg/m2

CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
Pz'= 522,17 kg/m2
Vertical pressure to Hopper in depth z' qz'= kg/m2
qz'= 2716,72 kg/m2

CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
Depth from surface(datum line) to cg of cone z'= (H-h)+(D/6)tgb m
z'= 2,19 m
B. Meridional Stress, Fm
Meridional Stress Fm = kg/m
Fm = 4880,88 kg/m
Weight of Hopper,liner & accessories W h= 569 kg
Weight of Bulk Material in Hopper W m= 1853 kg
C. Hopper Thickness
C1. Thickness Calculation due to Tangential Stress
Thickness Hopper tFt= mm
tFt= 0,27 mm
C2. Thickness Calculation due to Meridional Stress
Thickness Hopper tFm= mm
tFm= 0,62 mm
41.125,55
C3. Final Thickness 6.758,75
1.719,77
Final Thickness of Hopper th= 0,62 mm 5.063,87
54.667,94
Taken Thickness thused= 5 mm OK
60134,734
IV. ESTIMATE WEIGHT Wh= 569 kg

Weight of Shell Plate W s= 0,78 Ton Wr=163,07 kg
Weight of Hopper (Cone) Plate W h= 0,34 Ton
Weight of Roof Plate W r= 0,18 Ton 0,63
Weight of Accessories Wacc= 0,13 Ton
CALCULATION
NO. DOCUMENT
PKN-E-M-CS-003
A. Empty Weight Wempty= 1,43 Ton

B. Operating Weight Woper.= 17,87 Ton

Cal Silo

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CALCULATION

Pmax= 1495,00 kg/m2

Lateral Pressure per Course Pz= kg/m2

Lateral Pressure of 1st shell course Pz,1= 35,29 1 − 2

Vertical Pressure of 2st shell course qz,2= 1300 0,171 0,171 + 1 +

C1. Thickness Calculation due to Expansion Stress

Expansion Stress Ez= R.Pz kg/m (R:Radius of Silo = D/2 [m])

Shell Thickness tEz= mm

Shell Thickness of 1st shell course tEz,1= 1,5 × 694,41 = 0,0877 mm

Shell Thickness of 2st shell course tEz,2= 1,5 × 375.70 = 0,0475 mm

C2. Thickness Calculation due to Friction Force

Shell Thickness tFz= mm

Shell Thickness of 1st shell course tFz,1= 1,5 × 460.01 = 0,06 mm

Shell Thickness of 2st shell course tFz,2= 1,5 × 104,04 = 0,01 mm

Tabel 1 Shell Thickness Calculation Result

Shell z Pz Fz tEz tFz td tused Ws

#2 1,200 326,69 104,04 0,0475 0,01 0,05 5 416,20

Note : td= plate thickness design, tused= plate thickness used

C3. Thickness Calculation due to Vertical Compressive Force

Vertical Compressive Stress fc= kg/m2

Vertical Compressive Force V= kg/m

Roof Weight of Silo W r= 163,07 kg

Wall Weight of Silo Ws1 = 772,24 kg

Load above the roof Lr = 150 kg

Allowable Compressive Stress sc= kg/m2

C4. Final Thickness

C4.1. Final Thickness for Shell Course #1

Vertical Compressive Force V= 3128.125 × 2,3 + 460.01 + 772.24,05 + 163.07 + 150

angka belum direvisi V= 2.408,89 kg/m

Allowable Compressive Stress sc= 2,109 × 10 0,005 0,005

C4.2. Final Thickness for Shell Course #2

Vertical Compressive Stress fc,2= 1277,41/0.005

sc= 2,109 × 10 0,005 0,005

Tabel 2 Final Thickness Summary

Tangential Stress Ft= kg/m

Ft= 2145,10 kg/m

Normal Stress to Hopper in depth z' qb = kg/m2

Lateral pressure to Hopper in depth z' Pz'= kg/m2

Pz'= 522,17 kg/m2

Vertical pressure to Hopper in depth z' qz'= kg/m2

qz'= 2716,72 kg/m2

Depth from surface(datum line) to cg of cone z'= (H-h)+(D/6)tgb m

Meridional Stress Fm = kg/m

Weight of Hopper,liner & accessories W h= 569 kg

Weight of Bulk Material in Hopper W m= 1853 kg

C1. Thickness Calculation due to Tangential Stress

Thickness Hopper tFt= mm

C2. Thickness Calculation due to Meridional Stress

Thickness Hopper tFm= mm

IV. ESTIMATE WEIGHT Wh= 569 kg

A. Empty Weight Wempty= 1,43 Ton

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