Health

Prevention Vs cure

Prevention is better than cure is one of the most famous proverb which is a big example to us in our
daily life. It teaches us to maintain a healthy, disciplined, and tension free lifestyle in order to remain
way from any health issues. It is easy to follow prevention methods to be safe from any problem
however cure is a while dangerous for our health as it do not give surety of complete wellness once we
get suffered from some problems. It is much easier for us to prevent the problem from happening than
solving it when happened.

Funding

Health funding is a core function of health systems that can enable progress towards universal health
coverage by improving effective service coverage and financial protection. Today, millions of people do
not access services due to the cost. Many others receive poor quality of services even when they pay
out-of-pocket.

Health and education

A good quality education is the foundation of health and well-being. For people to lead healthy and
productive lives, they need knowledge to prevent sickness and disease. 

Health education is very important as it improves the health standards of the country. It further helps in
preventing diseases and making people more aware of their health conditions. Most importantly, it not only
focuses on physical health but also mental health and others.

Poor countries and rich countries

People in poor countries tend to have less access to health services than those in better-off countries,
and within countries, the poor have less access to health services.

Health aid

Aid for health care is directly linked to an increase in life expectancy and a decrease in child mortality in
developing countries.

Dealing with global epidemics

To deal with the global epidemics, it’s necessary to focus on the health precautions, Cleaning and
disinfecting food facilities, Telling the public how to make the food safe (such as cooking to a certain
temperature) or to avoid it completely etc.

Hospital and treatments

Hospitals are important to treat minor and serious diseases, illnesses and disorders of the body function
of varying types and severity. Hospitals are responsible to provide a safe environment for people who
are not safe in their homed or safe in the community because of either their infectious state or because
of abuse of any type.
Obesity

Obesity means having an unhealthy amount of body fat. This puts your health in danger. Obesity puts
you at greater risk for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, arthritis, sleep apnea, some
types of cancer, and stroke.

Obesity is serious because it is associated with poorer mental health outcomes and reduced quality of
life.

Exercise and health

Exercise is defined as any movement that makes your muscles work and requires your body to burn
calories. Being active has been shown to have many health benefits, both physically and mentally. It may
even help you live longer.

Exercise involves engaging in physical activity and increasing the heart rate beyond resting levels. It is an
important part of preserving physical and mental health.

Whether people engage in light exercise, such as going for a walk, or high intensity activities, for
example, uphill cycling or weight training, regular exercise provides a huge range of benefits for the
body and mind.

Taking part in exercise of any intensity every day is essential for preventing a range of diseases and
other health issues.

Language
Having only one language in the world

There would be far more positive communication between the different races because language
“barriers” would no longer be used an excuse for misunderstandings and a resistance to do business.

It will be easier for everyone to communicate, going to any country will not be an obstacle as
everyone will understand what you are saying.
But the sad part is we will not experience the odd and awkward feeling that we encounter when we
visit another country. Culture will also more or less be the same as people are basically speaking in
one language, they probably have the same kind of thinking. They could just turn on the tv and watch
Mission Impossible and understand everything.

If we use a single language, economic activity will be easier but life would be boring.

Methods of language learning

Here is a description of the three primary language teaching methods.
 The Direct Method
The learner is not allowed to use his or her original language. Grammar rules are avoided and
there is an emphasis on good pronunciation.
 The Grammar-Translation Method
In this method, learning is largely by translation to and from the target language. Grammar rules
are to be memorized and long lists of vocabulary learned by heart. There is little or no emphasis
placed on developing oral ability.
 The Audio-Lingual Method
The theory behind this method is that learning a language means acquiring habits. There is
much practice of dialogues in every situation. New language is first heard and extensively drilled
before being seen in its written form.
 The Structural Approach
This method sees language as a complex of grammatical rules which are to be learned one at a
time in a set order.
 Task-based language learning
The focus of the teaching is on the completion of a task which in itself is interesting to the
learners. 
 The Natural Approach
Stresses the similarities between learning the first and second languages. There is no correction
of mistakes. Learning takes place by the students being exposed to language that is
comprehensible or made comprehensible to them.
 Total Physical Response (TPR)
TPR works by having the learner respond to simple commands such as “Stand up”, “Close your
book”, “Go to the window and open it.” 

Travel and language

The disappearance of languages

Most languages, though, die out gradually as successive generations of speakers become multilingual
and then begin to lose proficiency in their traditional languages. This often happens when speakers seek
to learn a more-prestigious language in order to gain social and economic advantages or to avoid
discrimination. The gradual disappearance of Coptic as a spoken language in Egypt following the rise of
Arabic in the 7th century is one example of this type of transition.

Language and culture

Language changes often represent a culture’s changing values. Language and culture are
inextricably related. And you can’t learn one without first knowing the other. Language is related to
all features of human life in society. And comprehension of the surrounding culture is key to
learning a language. The language also allows for the development and evolution of cultural values.

Media & Advertising

Censorship, control and freedom of speech

Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information. Freedom of

speech and expression is broadly understood as the notion that every person has the natural right to
freely express themselves through any media and frontier without outside interference.
Advertising methods

1. Direct mail (mail sent directly from you to your customer can be customized to suit their needs),
2. E-mail messages (These can be wonderful means
to getting the word out about your business. Design your e-mail
software to include a “signature line” at the end of
each of your e-mail messages)
3. Magazines
4. Newsletters 
5. Newspapers 
6. Online discussion groups and chat groups 
7. Posters and bulletin boards
8. Radio announcements 
9. Telemarketing
10. Television ads 
11. Web pages

Link https://managementhelp.org/marketing/advertising/methods.htm

Children and advertising

Children are a vulnerable audience, with limited information-processing capabilities that constrain their
early understanding of the nature and purpose of television advertising. Because of these limitations,
young children are more easily persuadable than are older children or adults. They are more trusting of
advertising claims and appeals, and they are more susceptible to commercial persuasion. 
Reference link https://www.encyclopedia.com/media/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/
children-and-advertising

Media and technology

With the development in technology, opportunities for advertisers to communicate with audiences are
also increased. There are more outlets for consumers to absorb content. Websites, social media, video
platforms, on demand television and audio have all seen steep growth curves during the past decade.

News & reporting

News and Reporting have an essential role when it comes to understanding the successes and failures of
your advertising campaigns. They give you detailed feedback in the form of data, that allows you to
measure the effectiveness of a campaign, and make adjustments based on the data available.

Environment
Animals
Animals both large and small are a critical component to our environment. Domesticated animals,
such as livestock, provide us food, fiber and leather. Wild animals, including birds, fish, insects and
pollinators, are important to support the web of activity in a functioning ecosystem.

Protection of endangered species

An endangered species is an animal or plant that's considered at risk of extinction.  The Endangered
Species Act is very important because it saves our native fish, plants, and other wildlife from going
extinct. Losing even a single species can have disastrous impacts on the rest of the ecosystem, because
the effects will be felt throughout the food chain. From providing cures to deadly diseases to
maintaining natural ecosystems and improving overall quality of life, the benefits of preserving
threatened and endangered species are invaluable.

Zoos

Zoos are necessary because they unite and educate the community, providing an understanding of the
interdependence of animals and their habitats, and conduct conservation programs of animals in the
wild and endangered species back into their natural environment.

Environmental problems

Some of the key issues are:

1) Pollution
2) Global warming
3) Overpopulation
4) Waste disposal
5) Ocean acidification
6) Loss of biodiversity
7) Deforestation
8) Ozone layer depletion
9) Acid rain
10) Public health issues

Ref link https://thebluegreenjourney.com/blog/10-major-current-environmental-problems/

Saving the environment & solving the problems

Link https://earthyb.com/blog/environmental-problems-solutions

Government & individual roles

Individual can take action to protect the environment by recycling, reusing, and composting; making
better transport choices; reducing your electricity usage; buying local; donating to conservation groups;
and avoiding toxic chemicals. Governments are the ideal major players of environmental
protection since they possess both the political will and dollar to fund eco-conservation enterprises.
Governments are national diplomatic agencies that have the ability to forge internationally binding
agreements to protect the environment and delay damage.

Family & Children

Family roles
Family roles reflect how responsibilities and tasks have been divided within the family. These roles
become apparent with direct questions about who is responsible for specific tasks, such as who
manages family finances, who provides assistance with indoor housekeeping and outside home/yard
maintenance.

Family size

A role model is a person who serves as an example by influencing others. For many children, the most
important role models are their parents and caregivers. Children look up to a variety of role models to
help shape how they behave in school, relationships, or when making difficult decisions. 

The generation gap’

Generation Gap is a term given to the gap or age difference between two sets of people; the young
people and their elders, especially between children and their parents.

Discipline

Disciplining your child means teaching them responsible behaviour and self-control. With appropriate
and consistent discipline, your child will learn about consequences and taking responsibility for their
own actions. The ultimate aim is to encourage the child to learn to manage both their feelings and
behaviour.

Role models

Role models are people who influence others by serving as examples. They are often admired by the
people who emulate them. ... For most children, the most important role models are their parents and
caregivers, who have a regular presence in their lives. As a parent, it is impossible to not model.

Family and education

+point…… When parents are involved, students get better grades, score higher on standardized tests,
have better attendance records, drop out less often, have higher aspirations, and more positive attitudes
toward school and homework.

-point……..Family income may have a direct impact on a child's academic outcomes, or variations in
achievement could simply be a function of the school the child attends.

Food
Health diets

A healthy diet is essential for good health and nutrition. It protects you against many chronic non-
communicable diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Eating a variety of foods and
consuming less salt, sugars and saturated and industrially-produced trans-fats, are essential for healthy
diet.

Education of diet
Nutrition education helps to build the capacities for people to: feed themselves and their families
well, get the right foods at the right prices, prepare healthy foods and meals which they enjoy.

Traditional vs modern diets

Traditional diets: Traditional foods tend to be higher in vitamins and minerals, they are also lower in
salt, fat and sugar. In general, a traditional diet is higher in protein, low in carbohydrate and contains a
moderate amount of fat.

Modern diets: Modern diet relates to ‘Junk food’ that simply means an empty calorie food. An empty
calorie food is a high calorie or calorie rich food which lacks in micronutrients such as carbohydrates,
proteins, vitamins, minerals, or amino acids, and fiber but has high energy (calories). So, foods does not
contain the nutrients that your body needs to stay healthy. Hence, this food that has poor dietetic
values is considered unhealthy and may be called as junk food.

Fast food

Fast food refers to food that can be prepared and served quickly.
Children and diet

Children need a balanced diet with food from all 3 food groups—vegetables and fruit, whole grain
products, and protein foods. Children need 3 meals a day and 1 to 3 snacks (morning, afternoon and
possibly before bed). Healthy snacks are just as important as the food you serve at meals.
Other Common Essay topics
Space exploration

Space exploration is the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. 

Main Purpose: Space exploration allows us to prove or disprove scientific theories developed on Earth.
Studying the solar system, for example, has brought us insights into such phenomena as gravity, the
magnetosphere, the atmosphere, fluid dynamics and the geological evolution of other planets.

Water and oceans

Oceans: The Ocean is a continuous body of salt water that covers more than 70 percent of the Earth's
surface. 

Art
Censorship of art and artists

Censorship, the suppression of words, images, or ideas that are "offensive," happens whenever some
people succeed in imposing their personal political or moral values on others. 

Censorship is the most common violation of artistic freedom. Artworks and artists are unduly censored
due to their creative content, which is opposed by governments, political and religious groups, social
media platforms, museums, or by private individuals.

Creativity

Artistic ability includes skills and talent to create works of art: painting, drawing, sculpting,
musical composition, etc. Creativity ability is the skill and talent to use our imagination to
create and solve.

Art at school

Art instruction helps children with the development of motor skills, language skills, social skills, decision-
making, risk-taking, and inventiveness. ... Arts experiences boost critical thinking, teaching students to
take the time to be more careful and thorough in how they observe the world.

The benefits of art for individual and society

Art influences society by changing opinions, instilling values and translating experiences across space
and time. Research has shown art affects the fundamental sense of self. Painting, sculpture, music,
literature and the other arts are often considered to be the repository of a society's collective memory.

With the art that we are surrounded by, whether it's a painting, music or even videos can have a huge
impact on our mood and emotions. ... All kinds of art can affect our mood in a positive way, making us
feel happier, calmer, or even inspired to do something.

Funding
For artists, this means that grants can help you attend a residency, rent a theater, furnish supplies for a
sculpture, hire audio engineers, and more. Grants can be awarded to individuals or to groups or
organizations.

Business & Money

Small vs large business

Small Business Large Business

 Small business is an independently owned
and operated company that is limited in size
and in revenue depending on the industry.  500 or more individuals
 all the HRM functions are performed by the
owner/manager who has the authority to
hire the people
  limited in time and money
 training is informal and often done on a
voluntary basis by other employees
 limited finance
 large businesses are those in most mining
and manufacturing industries that employ
 Separate HR department because of the
workforce size and requirements. 
 more time and money to recruit employees
 They opt to have formalized way of training
staff
 have less financial problems as substantial
amount of capital is employed and it is easier
for a large business to raise money 

International business

The term international business refers to any business that takes place across international borders. At
its most basic, it includes the sale of goods and services between countries.

Family run business

A family business is a commercial organization in which decision-making is influenced by multiple

generations of a family, related by blood or marriage or adoption, who has both the ability to influence
the vision of the business and the willingness to use this ability to pursue distinctive goals. 

Management and leadership

Management consists of controlling a group or a set of entities to accomplish a goal. Leadership refers
to an individual's ability to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward organizational
success. Leadership is an important function of management which helps to maximize efficiency and to
achieve organizational goals.

Success in business

The success in business depends on the good planning and organizational skills. A business must have
the following key attributes, organized activities, keep detailed records, analyze your competition,
understand the risks and rewards, be creative & consistent, provide great service and stay focused.

Business and technology

Technology has important effects on business operations. No matter the size of your enterprise,
technology has both tangible and intangible benefits that will help you make money and produce the
results your customers demand. 

Skills vs knowledge for business

Knowledge: The concept of knowledge refers to familiarity with factual information and theoretical
concepts. Knowledge can be transferred from one person to another or it can be self-acquired through
observation and study.

Skills: skills “refer to the ability to apply knowledge to specific situations.

Using knowledge in the right way can help you run your business more efficiently, decrease business
risks and exploit opportunities to the full. While a skill is an ability to do something well. A well-
developed skill can make us experts in a particular field.

Materialism and consumerism

Materialism is one’s preoccupation with material possessions and physical comfort, while consumerism
is a theory that states increasing consumption of goods is economically desirable.

When more and more people become materialistic, there is an increase in the acquisition of goods and
services, leading to consumerism.

Communication & Personality

Technology and communication

Technology affects communication by making it easier, quicker, and more efficient. It allows you to track
conversations and therefore provide better customer service.

Family and communication

Communication skills influence relationships in families, children, and friends. Good communication
helps build relationships in good times, and mend relationships in difficult times. 

Face to face vs long distance communication

Face to face communication long distance communication

 used as an informal communication method
  privacy of data and information in face to
face communication
 Not effective in communicating with large
audiences.
 Cost is comparatively low.
 There is fast communication due to
immediate feedback.
 used for formal communication
  No privacy of data
 Effective
 The cost is high due to the need for
facilities for WiFi for the internet.
 Slow communication as a person has
to wait for the response of the feedback.
Types of communication

 Verbal communication ( encompasses all communication using spoken words, or unspoken

words as in the case with sign language)
 Nonverbal Communication (includes your tone, facial expressions, body language, hand
movements, and eye contact.)
 Written Communication
 Visual communication (delivering information, messages, and points by way of graphical
representations, or visual aids)
 Listening

The development of character and personality

Effective Communication skills play a crucial role in honing one's personality. Communication helps
individuals to express themselves in the most convincing way. Your thoughts, feelings and knowledge
should be passed on in the most desirable manner and effective communication skills help you in the
same.

Innate or developed personalities

The way you behave with others reflects your personality. An individual with a pleasing personality is
appreciated and respected by all. Effective Communication skills play a crucial role in honing one's
personality. Communication helps individuals to express themselves in the most convincing way.

Female/male characters

Link

https://www.ielts-mentor.com/writing-sample/writing-task-2/1146-ielts-writing-task-2-sample-231-
some-people-think-that-men-and-women-have-different-qualities

Crime & Punishment

Prisons vs rehabilitation

Rehabilitation gives one a chance to learn about his/her debilitating problems and offers for one to learn
how to change their behavior in order to not commit crime. Punishment puts the offender in a confines
of a cell in order for one to think about the crime he/she committed.

Capital punishment vs other types of punishment

Capital punishment, also called death penalty, execution of an offender sentenced to death after

conviction by a court of law of a criminal offense.

Other types of punishment are:

1) Life imprisonment
2) Imprisonment
(a) Rigorous
 (b) Simple
3) Forfeiture of property
4) Fine

Criminals- what makes a criminal

Reasons for committing a crime include greed, anger, jealously, revenge, or pride. ... Others commit
crimes on impulse, out of rage or fear. The desire for material gain (money or expensive belongings)
leads to property crimes such as robberies, burglaries, white-collar crimes, and auto thefts.

Major vs minor crime

Major crime can be defined as any crime requiring the appointment of a Senior Investigating Officer and
the deployment of specialist resources. This will include not only homicide, attempted homicide and
manslaughter but also may potentially encompass sexual assaults and other serious offences.

Minor crime refers to offenses that are less serious. Common examples include minor assault and drug
offenses etc.

Crime and technology

Technology continues to improve law enforcement and, in turn, the relationship between law
enforcement officers and the communities they serve. The negative impact is that, the ease of
technology, such as the Internet and social media platforms, has allowed criminals a means of carrying
out illegal activities online against others.

Teenagers and crime

Nowadays number crimes are becoming the deadlock, and it is quite disturbing that these are increasing
with the decreasing age of people which means, more youths are getting involved in committing such
crimes. The principal reason is illiteracy and unemployment. 

Role of policemen

Police typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and
preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities.

Men and women in law enforcement

The meaningful participation of women in law enforcement increases operation effectiveness, enhances
community trust, and decreases corruption.

Economics
Cash vs credit cards
Credit cards are more convenient and secure compared to carrying cash. As long as you can pay your
bill in full then a credit card is a logical and desirable alternative to cash for in-person purchases and a
necessary tool for online transactions.

Saving vs spending

spending is an amount that has been, or is planned to be spent while saving is a reduction in cost or
expenditure.

Globalization and economy

Economic globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the
growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide
and rapid spread of technologies.

World economic issues

Link https://www.brookings.edu/research/top-ten-global-economic-challenges-an-assessment-of-
global-risks-and-priorities/

Economic progress and success

Economic development is one of the factors that affects the success of a nation. However, there are
other factors that can determine whether or not a country is successful. Personally, I agree that
economic progress is one factor in measuring accomplishment of a country and health and
education degrees are true as other cause of national achievement.

Education
Children and education

Education is important to children because education helps children learn how to think critically, it
enhances their creativity and imagination, it will expose them to new ideas, and it helps the child find
the path to a career that they wish to pursue as an adult.

Relevant subjects

Link https://www.ielts-mentor.com/writing-sample/writing-task-2/1203-ielts-writing-task-2-sample-
284-modern-societies-need-specialists-in-certain-fields

Education and technology

Technology provides students with easy-to-access information, accelerated learning, and fun

opportunities to practice what they learn. Technology can help students by making learning more
engaging and collaborative. Rather than memorizing facts, students learn by doing and through critical
thinking. This could be as simple as taking an interactive quiz in class or participating in tech-enabled
group discussions.

Role of teachers
Teachers don't only impart knowledge, but they also help with character building as well. The role of a
teacher transcends following a specific lesson plan and work schedule. ... In this role, the teacher can
encourage the student to be the best they can be, and also be a source of inspiration and advice to the
students.

Discipline and rules in school

Discipline in school is vital to helping students achieve strong academic gains, yet this is one area where many
schools fall short.

Single-sex schools

Single-sex education, also known as single-gender education and gender-isolated education, is

the practice of conducting education with male and female students attending separate classes, perhaps
in separate buildings or schools.

Uniforms

School uniforms create a level playing field among students, reducing peer pressure and bullying. When
all students are dressed alike, competition between students over clothing choices and the teasing of
those who are dressed in less expensive or less fashionable outfits can be eliminated.

Funding

Education Funding refers to the financial support that is provided to the students for their education.
The process of scholarships and funding are very competitive and before deciding the college, it is
important for the students to ensure that they have all the required documents to get the Education
Funds.

Educational aid to poorer countries

Aid could play a vital role in helping developing countries to increase enrolments and improve
educational quality.