CHAPTER 10:

PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
RIZ101- Life and Work of Rizal

RIZAL’S
IMPRISONMENT
AND TRIAL IN
DAPITAN AND
FORT SANTIAGO
GROUP ACTIVITY: SPOKEN WORD POETRY
ON THE CHARACTERS IN THE LITERARY
WORKS OF RIZAL
Presenter:
Mary Grace A. Manila, LPT. MAEd SocSci
Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
INSTRUCTIONS:

1) Create a group consisting of five (5) members.

2) Choose one (1) character from Noli Me Tangere/

Elf Filibusterismo.

3) Once Finalize write your chosen character with

your group members on the comment section.

3) Portray the Character in any Noli Me Tangere/ El

Filibusterismo.
Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
INSTRUCTIONS:

4) Prepare your own Spoken Poetry (English or

Tagalog) about the character.

5) Video Presentation should be creative and atleast

3-5 minutes.

6) Use of background instrumental music is allowed.

Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
CRITERIA FOR JUDGING:

PORTRAYING

A) APPEARANCE/ COSTUME: 15 POINTS

B) PREPAREDNESS AND CREATIVITY: 25 POINTS

SPOKEN POETRY

A) CLARITY OF SPOKEN WORDS, AND DICTIONS:

25 POINTS

B) POETIC EXPRESSION/ ORIGINALITY: 15 POINTS

OVERALL IMPACT: 20 POINTS

Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
CRITERIA FOR JUDGING:

PORTRAYING

A) APPEARANCE/ COSTUME: 15 POINTS

B) PREPAREDNESS AND CREATIVITY: 25 POINTS

SPOKEN POETRY

A) CLARITY OF SPOKEN WORDS, AND DICTIONS:

25 POINTS

B) POETIC EXPRESSION/ ORIGINALITY: 15 POINTS

OVERALL IMPACT: 20 POINTS

Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
NOLI ME TANGERE/ EL FILIBUSTERISMO CHARACTERS:

JUAN CRISÓSTOMO IBARRA

MARÍA CLARA

ELÍAS

CAPTAIN TIAGO

DOCTORA VICTORINA DE LOS REYES DE ESPADAÑA

SIMOUN
Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
NOLI ME TANGERE/ EL FILIBUSTERISMO CHARACTERS:

BASILIO

PLACIDO PENITENTE

JULI SAN JOSE

PILOSOPO TASIO

SISA

PADRE DAMASO
Chapter 10 Group Activity

Group Activity: Spoken Word Poetry On The Characters In

The Literary Works Of Rizal
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
RIZ101- Life and Work of Rizal

CHAPTER 11: :
RIZAL AS A
POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER

Presenter:
Mary Grace A. Manila, LPT. MAEd SocSci
Contents of the Report RIZ 101: Midterm

lecture: chapter 11- 15 assessment

PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
RIZ101- Life and Work of Rizal

CHAPTER 11: :
RIZAL AS A
POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER

Presenter:
Mary Grace A. Manila, LPT. MAEd SocSci
Chapter 11-15

Learning Objectives
AT THE END OF THE COURSE STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLETO:

Discuss the trial and execution of Rizal in the context of the Philippine Revolution.

Reflect on the effects of Rizal’s death to Philippine Society

PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
RIZ101- Life and Work of Rizal

CHAPTER 11: :
RIZAL AS A
POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER
Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Presenter:
Mary Grace A. Manila, LPT. MAEd SocSci
Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
The Ilustrados (or the enlightened ones) were middle-

class Filipinos who studied and/or lived in Europe,

most of them residing in Madrid and Barcelona.

They are considered to have promoted nationalism and

patriotism through their pieces of art and literary

works, and by forming various socio-political

organizations that advocated for reforms.

Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
They sought to achieve this, by spreading awareness

on the socio-political condition in the Philippines and

to correct racist images and rhetoric surrounding

Filipinos.
Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
This is referred to as the Propaganda Movement, which

called for the following reforms:

Incorporating the Philippines as a Spanish Province

The Provision of Basic Human Rights

Representation at the Spanish Cortes

Education Independent from the Spanish Friars

The Secularization of the Spanish Priesthood (allowing

native Filipino priests to be ordained and take

positions of authority in the Philippines)

Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
As aforementioned, the influence of the Ilustrados on

the Philippine Revolution is contested as the group

that rallied the Filipino people to revolt against Spain

was not the Ilustrados, but the KKK, founded by

Andres Bonifacio.
Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
This secret organization sought to gain total

independence for the Philippines through armed

revolution, and is noted to be a “proletarian”

organization as its membership mainly consisted of

Tagalog-speaking blue-collared workers (i.e. milk

vendors, firemen, barbers, shoemakers, laundrymen,

etc.).
Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
At first glance their political goal seems to be in

direct contrast with the reforms proposed by the

Ilustrados, however it is important to note that José

Rizal himself was not necessarily opposed to the idea

of armed revolution in its entirety.

Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
Rizal opposed the idea of gaining Philippine

Independence through armed revolt, specifically

because he thought that the Filipino peoples did not

possesses a sufficient number of military arms and

support to successfully topple the armed Spanish

colonial administration, resulting in him settling to

pursue reforms instead to avoid the anticipated

bloodshed.
Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
This is supported by the fact that upon being visited

by Dr. Pio Valenzuela in exile, and being notified that

there was an impending rebellion amongst the Filipino

masses José Rizal replied with:

“Never start a revolution without arms against an

armed nation. Its consequences would be fatal and

disastrous to the country. Filipinos will necessarily

lose because of lack of arms.

Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
This is supported by the fact that upon being visited

by Dr. Pio Valenzuela in exile, and being notified that

there was an impending rebellion amongst the Filipino

masses José Rizal replied with:

Once they prove victorious, the Spanish will annihilate

those Filipinos who love their country; they will use all

means to oppose the intellectual, moral, and material

progress of the Filipinos, who sunk in misery, will find

it hard to start another revolution.”

Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
The sentiments present in the aforementioned quote

triangulates with Rizal’s testimony to Colonel

Francisco Olive during his interrogation, and his

statement to José Alejandrino where he explicitly

clarifies that he would support an armed revolution

should once occur in the Philippines, but he would not

lead it himself.
Chapter 11 Lesson 1: Rizal as an Ilustrado

Rizal as an Ilustrado
This can be seen in the written statement given to

José Alejandrino by Rizal, wherein he states that:

“I will never head a disorderly revolution that has no

probability of success, because I don’t want to lad my

conscience with the imprudent and futile shedding of

blood; but he who wishes to lead a revolution in the

Philippines will find me by his side!

PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
RIZ101- Life and Work of Rizal

CHAPTER 11: :
RIZAL AS A
POLITICAL
BREAKTIME PHILOSOPHER
Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Presenter:
Mary Grace A. Manila, LPT. MAEd SocSci
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Program of Reforms
In his novels and newspaper editorials, Rizal called for

a number of reforms of the Spanish colonial system in

the Philippines.

He advocated freedom of speech and assembly, equal

rights before the law for Filipinos, and Filipino priests

in place of the often-corrupt Spanish churchmen. In

addition, Rizal called for the Philippines to become a

province of Spain, with representation in the Spanish

legislature, the Cortes Generales.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Program of Reforms
Rizal never called for independence for the

Philippines. Nonetheless, the colonial government

considered him a dangerous radical and declared him

an enemy of the state.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
Reform and national consciousness movement that

arose among young Filipino expatriates in the late

19th century. Although its adherents expressed loyalty

to the Spanish colonial government, Spanish

authorities harshly repressed the movement and

executed its most prominent member, José Rizal.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
Public education did not arrive in the Philippines until

the 1860s, and even then the Roman Catholic Church

controlled the curriculum. Because the Spanish friars

made comparatively little effort to inculcate a

knowledge of Castilian, less than one-fifth of those

who went to school could read and write Spanish, and

far fewer could speak it.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
The Filipino populace was thus kept apart from the

colonial power that had been ruling it for more than

three centuries. After the construction of the Suez

Canal in 1869, sons of the wealthy were sent to Spain

and other countries for study. At home and abroad, a

growing sense of Filipino identity had begun to

manifest, and in 1872 this burgeoning nationalism

spawned an armed insurrection.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
About 200 Filipino soldiers at the Cavite arsenal

revolted, killed their officers, and shouted for

independence. Plans for a similar demonstration in

Manila failed. The rebellion was quickly suppressed

and led to wholesale arrests, life imprisonment, and

the execution of, among others, three Filipino priests,

whose connection with the uprising was not

satisfactorily explained.
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
In 1888 Filipino expatriate journalist Graciano López

Jaena founded the newspaper La Solidaridad in

Barcelona. Throughout its course, La Solidaridad urged

reforms in both religion and government in the

Philippines, and it served as the voice of what became

known as the Propaganda Movement

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
One of the foremost contributors to La Solidaridad

was the precocious José Rizal y Mercado. Rizal wrote

two political novels—Noli me tangere (1887; Touch Me

Not) and El filibusterismo (1891; The Reign of Greed)—

which had a wide impact in the Philippines. López

Jaena, Rizal, and journalist Marcelo del Pilar emerged

as the three leading figures of the Propaganda

Movement, and magazines, poetry, and

pamphleteering flourished.
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
While López Jaena and Pilar remained abroad, in 1892

Rizal returned home and founded the Liga Filipina, a

modest reform-minded society that was loyal to Spain

and breathed no word of independence. As with the

Cavite mutiny, the Spanish authorities overreacted to

a perceived threat to their rule. They promptly

arrested and exiled Rizal to a remote island in the

south.
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
Meanwhile, within the Philippines there had developed

a firm commitment to independence among the

somewhat less privileged class. Shocked by the arrest

of Rizal, these activists formed the Katipunan under

the leadership of Andres Bonifacio, a self-educated

warehouseman.
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
The Katipunan was dedicated to the expulsion of the

Spanish from the islands, and preparations were made

for armed revolt. There had been many Filipino rebels

throughout the history of Spanish rule, but now for the

first time they were inspired by nationalist ambitions

and possessed the education needed to make success

a real possibility.
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
On August 26, 1896, Bonifacio issued the Grito de

Balintawak (“the Cry of Balintawak”), calling for an

armed uprising against the Spanish. The centre of the

revolt was in Cavite province, where Filipino

independence leader Emilio Aguinaldo first came into

prominence. Spain sent reinforcements until there

was an army of 28,000, along with a few loyal

regiments of Filipino soldiers.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
A stiff campaign of 52 days brought about the defeat

of the insurgents, but the Spanish once again

endeavoured to work against their own interests.

Although Rizal had no connection to the uprising or

Katipunan, the Spanish military arrested him and,

after a farcical trial, found him guilty of sedition. He

was executed by a firing squad in Manila on December

30, 1896.
Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
The execution of Rizal breathed new life into the

insurrection, and the Philippine Revolution spread to

the provinces of Pangasinan, Zambales, and Ilocos.

With the destruction of the U.S. battleship Maine on

February 15, 1898, in the harbour of Havana, Cuba, and

the subsequent wave of public indignation, hostilities

erupted between Spain and the United States.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
The exiled Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines on

May 19 and announced renewal of the struggle with

Spain. The Philippines declared independence from

Spain on June 12 and proclaimed a provisional republic

with Aguinaldo as president.

Chapter 11 Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Propaganda Movement
With the conclusion of the Spanish-American War, the

Philippines, along with Puerto Rico and Guam, were

ceded by Spain to the U.S. by the Treaty of Paris, on

December 10, 1898. The Filipino struggle for

independence would continue through the Philippine-

American War and would not be achieved until after

World War II.

PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
RIZ101- Life and Work of Rizal

CHAPTER 11: :
RIZAL AS A
POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER
Lesson 2: Rizal Proposed Reforms

Presenter:
Mary Grace A. Manila, LPT. MAEd SocSci