Basic Sciences Questions

1. Anomalies causing malocclusion; Developmental defects of face

2. Anatomy & development of tongue; Anatomy of tongue & role in ortho;
Muscles of tongue
3. Role of Vit D in ortho
4. Allergies in ortho
5. Sterilization (wrt ortho); Cold sterilization; Chemical sterilization
6. Neural crest cells; Stem cells & significance
7. Long face syndrome
8. Protein energy malnutrition (PEM); Balanced diet; Vit C & Vit D; Malnutrition
& malocclusion
9. Deglutition
10. Movements of TMJ; TM joint anatomy, functions & relation to malocclusion;
Muscles & ligaments related to TMJ; Relevance to growth modulation;
Applied anatomy of TMJ & biological aspects
11. Anatomy, development and age changes of mandible; Hard & soft tissue
basis of mandibular growth rotations
12. Role of genetics in ortho/malocclusion; Mutations; Genetic polymorphism;
Molecular basis & genomics of heredity of craniofacial region; Inheritable
types of facial deformity & malocclusion; Chromosomal disorders
13. Attritional occlusion
14. Standard deviation & coefficient of variation; Twin studies; ANOVA;
Biostatistics for orthodontist; ‘t’ test & x2 test of significance
15. Importance of nutrition in ortho; Nutritional & hormonal factors affecting
growth of face, development of dentition
16. Sockets of teeth
17. Acid etching; Recent advances in ortho bonding materials
18. Copper NiTi wires; Properties of ortho wires; NiTi wires; Alpha & beta
titanium alloys; Metallurgy & biochemical properties of ortho wires & uses in
clinics; Stainless steel; Implant alloys; Super-elastic wires
19. Current concepts of growth prediction; Growth indicators; Growth
prediction methods
20. Role of vitamins & hormones in growth & development of jaws & teeth
21. Growth trends; Growth vector; Growth site vs Growth center
22. Development of speech & difficulties related to malocclusion
23. Growth Spurts
24. Genetically controlled malocclusion
25. Histological development of cleft palate; Cleft lip & palate
26. Development & maturation of suck-swallow mechanism & its relation to
human dentition; Influence of deviant swallowing on facial morphology;
Suckle swallow
27. Growth hormone & regulation; Prostaglandins & ortho tooth movement;
Chemical messengers; Role of PTH; Thyroid hormone & dentition; Endocrine
imbalance in development of malocclusion
28. Adenoids & effects of its hypertrophy
29. Muscles of facial expression & smile line; Muscles of mastication & role in
malocclusion
30. Hyoid bone & tongue posture
31. Lateral pterygoid muscle
32. Primary & secondary palate; Development of palate & its anomalies
33. Dental caries & white spot lesion; Microbes predisposing to caries & its
management
34. Down’s syndrome; Trisomy 21
35. Synchondrosis; Intramembranous & endochondral ossification; Primary &
secondary cartilages
36. Prenatal growth of maxilla & its aberrations; Pre & post-natal development
of maxilla
37. Role of puberty in ortho
38. Anti-sialagogues
39. Streptococcus mutans
40. Calcium metabolism
41. Role of fluorides in ortho; Fluorides in caries
42. Active & passive immunity
43. Impact of functional parameters determining facial morphology
44. Actin & myosin; Electromyography & masseter muscle; Sliding filament
theory
45. Retrodiscal pad
46. Psychological aspects of malocclusion
47. Biochemical changes & bio-mediators during ortho tooth movement;
Molecular basis of ortho tooth movement
48. Naso-capsular theory; Theories of growth & recent advancements; Enlow
concept of growth equivalents
49. Laminated bone
50. Functional adaptation
51. Skeletal age & its assessment; Skeletal growth maturity indicators
52. Ectodermal dysplasia; Fibrous dysplasia
53. Anterior component of force; Stress trajectories
54. 3Ms
55. Evolution of cranial flexures & jaws
56. Apoptosis
57. Juvenile diabetes mellitus
58. Cephalosporins; Drugs involved in ortho tooth movement; Mechanism of
action of drugs
59. Methods of superimposition in cephalograms-merits & demerits; Cone beam
radiography
60. Secondary alveolar bone graft
61. Pre-surgical orthodontics
62. Meckle’s cartilage
63. Oral manifestations of AIDS; AIDS- transmission & prevention in ortho
patients
64. Pathways of dental pain
65. Muscle exercises used in ortho
66. Pharyngeal branches & its derivatives
67. Bone graft
68. Safety valve mechanism
69. Infection control
70. Essential amino acids
71. Anthropometry
72. Evidence based orthodontics