stions

___ns\Vers
Levels I, II, and III
Pressure Change Measure1nent
Testing
Supplement to
Recommended Practice
No. SNT-TC-lA
Book HP
The American Society
for Nondestructive Testing, Inc.
 (

Compiled by the Pressure Change Measurement Testing Supplement Committee of the Personnel Qualification
Division, Education and Qualification Council of The American Society for Nondestructive Testing.

This publication contains suggested questions and answers in the Pressure Change Testing Method for use in
conjunction with Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-JAfor Personnel and Qualification Certification in
Nondestructive Testing, available from ASNT.

Published by
The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc.
1711 Arlingate Lane
PO Box 28518
Columbus, OH 43228-0518

Copyright© 1994 by The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this
book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without the expressed prior written permission of the
publisher.

ASNT is not responsible for the authenticity or accuracy of information herein. Published opinions and statements
do not necessarily reflect the opinion of ASNT. Products or services that are advertised or mentioned do not carry
the endorsement or recommendation of ASNT.

IRRSP, Level III Study Guide, Materials Evaluation, NDT Handbook, Nondestructive Testing Handbook, The NDT
Technician and <www.asnt.org> are trademarks of The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc. ACCP,
ASNT, Research in Nondestructive Evaluation and RNDE are registered trademarks of The American Society for
Nondestructive Testing, Inc.

ASNT exists to create a safer world by promoting the profession and technologies of nondestructive testing.

ISBN-13: 978-1-57117-112-2
ISBN-10: 1-57117-112-6

Printed in the United States of America

first printing 1994

revised 12/03
third printing 03/06
fourth printing 09/07
fifth printing 04/09

ii
 Table of Contents

References iv

Reference Usage List v

Level I 1
Questions 1
Answers 9

Level II 11
Questions 11
Answers 19

Level III 21
Questions 21
Answers 29

Sample Specification 31
Sample Specification Questions 37
Sample Specification Answers 39

iii
 Recommended Training References
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

The following references were used in fonnulating the questions contained in this book.

A.* McMaster, R.C., ed. Nondestructive Testing Handbook, second edition: Volume 1, Leak
Testing, The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc., Columbus, OH: 1982.

B.* Jackson, Charles N., Jr., and Charles N. Sherlock, technical editors, Patrick 0. Moore,
editor, Nondestructive Testing Handbook, third edition, Volume 1, Leak Testing, The
American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc., Columbus, OH: 1998.

C. Leakage Testing Handbook, revised edition, prepared by General Electric and NASA under
contracts CR-952, NAS 7-396 and NASA CR 06139. NASA Report #N69-38843 is
available from NTIS as report #IST-295. U.S. Department of Commerce, National
Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA: 1969.

D. Guthrie, Andrew, Vacuum Technology, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY: 1965.

*Available from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc.

Each question found in this book is followed by letter(s) and page number(s) indicating the
specific recommended reference where the answer may be found. For example:

2. Gage pressure plus baromettic pressure is:

a absolute pressure.
b. atmospheriC pressure.
c. differential pressure.
d. partial pressure.
A.193, 275

In this example, the letter "A" refers to Reference A in the list above and "193, 275" are the
pages in that edition of Reference A where the answer to the question is located.

iv
 Reference Usage List

Reference A: Total = 156

Level I (53)
Level II (54)
Level III (49)

Reference B: Total= 26
Level I (20)
Level II (4)
Level III (2)

Reference C: Total = 13
Level I (6)
Level II (5)
Level III (2)

ReferenceD: Total= 1
Level I (0)
Level II (1)
Level III (0)

v
 Level I Questions
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

1. A pressure change measurement test perfonned at a 5. When reading an ordinary pressure gage, the value
pressure above atmospheric pressure is also referred indicated will be the:
to as a:
a. partial pressure.
a. pressure hold test. b. incremental pressure.
b. pressure decay test. c. gage pressure.
c. pressure loss test. d. absolute pressure.
d. any of the above. A.203, 211
B.185 B.187, 607

2. Gage pressure plus barometric pressure is: 6. A pressure change measurement test of a very large
volume structure, such as a nuclear containment
a. absolute pressure. system, is usually refened to as a:
b. atmospheric pressure.
c. differential pressure. a. leakage rate test.
d. partial pressure. b. verification test
A.l93, 275 c. mass flow test.
d. structural integrity test.
A.255, 735
3. Standard atmospheric or barometric pressure at sea
B.608
level is equivalent to:

a. 29.96 in. Hg. 7. Which of the following gases is most practical as the
b. 14.7 psia. pressurizing medium for a pressure change
c. 760 mm Hg. measurement test?
d. all of the above.
A.192, 205, 276 a. Argon.
B.170 b. Hydrogen.
c. Air.
d. All of the above.
4. A pressure of 66 psig, in terms of absolute pressure A.191, 243, 741
at sea level and standard temperature, would be about: B.185, 186

a. 96 psia.
b. 80.7 psia. 8. Surface thermometers for a pressure change
c. 51.3 psia. measurement test may be held on the test surface
d. 36 psia. with:
B.l69, 187
a. tape.
b. magnets.
c. coupling adhesive.
d. any of the above.
A.209-211
B.l66

1
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Levell

9. The pascal (Pa) is the: 14. Extending the length of a pressure change test
will normally cause an increase in the:
a. minimum size volume required for the test.
b. basic unit of mass flow. a. system leakage rate.
c. International System of Units (SI) unit of b. reliability of the test results.
pressure. c. deviation of the test results.
d. metric equivalent of standard barometric d. moisture content of the test g~s.
pressure. A.287
A.191 B.174
B.26
15. For a pressure change measurement test, the
10. As the elevation above sea level increases, the allowable pressure loss for a test system with a
barometric pressure: maximum allowable leakage rate must be for a
specific:
a. decreases.
b. remains the same. a. test pressure.
c. increases. b. test volume.
d. none of the above. c. period of time.
A.275, 318 d. all of the above.
B.605 A.255, 287
B.170
11. What are the parameters that can or do change
during a pressure change measurement test? 16. Indicating dial and recording pressure gages used
in pressure change measurement testing should
a. Pressure. preferably have dials graduated over a range of
b. Temperature. about double the intended maximum test
c. Time. pressure, but the range should not be less than
d. All of the above. one and one half or more· than four times the test
A.224, 258 pressure because:
B.187
C.ll-2 a. these bourdon tube or diaphragm type gages
are usually less accurate in the upper and
lower ends of their range.
12. \Vhen conducting a long duration pressure
b. these gages always have larger more readable
change measurement test, it is necessary to either
pressure increments in the middle of their
measure absolute pressure or measure gage
range.
pressure plus barometric pressure, since the
c. it provides the operator with a means of
barometric pressure will:
reading the pressure when the system is
overpressurized.
a. always fall.
d. all of the above.
b. always rise.
c. remain constant. A.202
d. tend to vary.
A.205, 747 17. Pressure change measurement testing is
B.163 performed for which of the following reasons?

13. The term used to indicate pressure above the zero a. To determine that total leakage rate is
value corresponding to a perfect vacuum is: acceptable after performing nonquantitative
preliminary leak testing methods.
a. gage pressure. b. To prevent material loss by leakage, prevent
b. air pressure. contamination, creation of hazardous
c. absolute pressure. conditions or disfigurement caused by product
d. water pressure. leakage.
A.l93, 275 c. To detect faulty components and control the
B.604 reliability of the product.
d. All of the above.
A.255

2
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Levell

18. The "psi" abbreviation for pressure means the 22. A pressure change measurement test performed
same as the abbreviation: at a pressure below atmospheric pressure is also
referred to as a:
a. psia.
b. psid. a. pressure rise test.
c. psig. b. vacuum retention test.
d. none of the above. c. pressure gain test.
A.191-193 d. any of the above.
A.285-287, 354
B.198
19. Absolute temperature in degrees rankine COR) is
determined by adding temperatures in degrees C.ll-2
fahrenheit (°F) to a value of:
23. Assuming no leakage, which of the following
a. 460. will cause a pressure decrease to be observed
b. 273. shortly after pressurizing and isolating a rigid
c. 212. volume container?
d. 32.
A.208 a. Internal gas temperature decrease.
b. Barometric pressure decrease.
c. Atmospheric air temperature decrease.
20. Assuming no leakage, if the temperature
increases during a pressure change measurement d. Internal gas dewpoint temperature increase.
test, the absolute pressure in the system will: A.258, 749-750

a. remain the same. 24. Which one of the following should not be used
b. increase. as a preliminary test method prior to performing
c. decrease. a pressure change measurement test?
d. oscillate.
A.219-220, 258 a. Halogen sniffer test.
b. Hydrostatic test.
c. Visual test.
21. The purpose of a mirror reflector on the face of a
dial pressure gage is to: d. Helium sniffer test.
A.256-257
a. make it possible to read the gage indicator B.l86
needle from any angle of reflection. C.6-22
b. increase the light gathering capability of the
gage to make it easier to read the indicator 25. Assuming no leakage and uniform temperatures
needle. during a pressure change measurement test, as
c. magnify the graduations on the face of the barometric pressure increases, gage pressure will:
gage to make them more visible and easier to
read. a. increase.
d. reduce human reading error by providing a b. remain the same.
method in which the reading is taken by lining c. decrease.
up the indicator needle over the reflection of d. tend to vary.
the indicator needle in the mirror.
A.205, 220
A.203-204
B.162
26. Absolute temperature in degrees kelvin (K) is
determined by adding temperature in degrees
celsius ( 0 C) to a value of:

a. 460.
b. 273.
c. 212.
d. 180.
A.208

3
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Levell

27. For a given time period, pressure change 30. When a very short duration pressure change ('
measurement testing sensitivity is greater for
systems with:
measurement test of a small volume interspace
requires measuring gage pressure p and time t,
which one of these equations should be used to
~
a. larger contained volumes at test pressure. determine the rate of pressure change for the
b. larger surface areas. time of the test?
c. fewer number of penetrations or fittings.
d. smaller contained volumes at test pressure. a. fip=(p,- pJ
A.225, 255, 287
B.200 fip = (p,- pJ
b.
C.l1·1 fit flt

28. The purpose of measuring the internal gas (t, + 460)

dewpoint temperature during a pressure change
C. flp _ ( _ ) (t2 +460)
measurement test of a very large volume system fit - p, Pz fit
is to determine the:

a. moisture level in the system to prevent an

electrical short of the circulating and cooling llp
d. - =
[ (p1 +14.7)-(p2 +14.7)((•,
2
+M<))
t + 460
j
fans. M M
b. effect of the water vapor on the temperature.
c. water vapor partial pressure.
d. amount of moisture coming from any recently A.218
poured green concrete within the system.
A.194, 212, 214, 218, 750 31. The leakage rate for a pressure change
measurement test of a system is dependent on
29. One way to increase the accuracy and reliability which of the following source or sources of
of the results of a pressure change measurement error?
test is to:
a. Calculation of the volume of the system,
a. extend the time period of the test. particularly if it is large and complex in
b. use a more reliable person to record the gage configuration.
readings. b. Measurement of internal temperature variation
c. decrease the allowable pressure change for the of the system.
same time period. c. Minimum detectable pressure change
d. increase the contained test volume by (resolution) of the pressure measuring
increasing the test pressure. instrument or gage.
A.259, 287 d. All of the above.
A.255, 287
B.184
C.ll-1

32. For pressure change measurement tests of short

duration, such as 0.25 to I h, it is usually not
necessary to:

a. measure gage pressure.

b. perform any preliminary testing.
c. measure barometric pressure.
d. disconnect the pressurizing line and leak test
this connection.
A.218

4
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level I
33. As soon as an evacuated system is isolated from
the vacuum pumps for. a pressure change
measurement test, there is an initial rapid rise of
pressure that eventually slows to a much smaller
steady pressure rise value. This initial rapid
pressure rise is caused mostly by:
a. cooling of the backstreamed diffusion pump
oil within the system.
b. large torturous path leakage in the system.
c. outgassing of adsorbed gases from the system
surfaces. ·
d. the nature of numerous virtual leaks inherent
in all vacuum systems.
A.291-292
B.l93
C.ll-2
34. Pressure change measurement test techniques can
be used for:
a. leakage measurement or monitoring.
b. leak location and measurement.
c. leakage monitoring and leak location.
d. either b or c.
A.256
35. The flow measurement technique of pressure
change measurement testing is performed on
rigid volume systems by:
a. heating or cooling the system to maintain a
constant system absolute pressure and
measuring the resulting or cooling rates as a
factor of the system total volume.
b. measuring the gas quantities added to or
removed from the system in order to hold the
system absolute pressure constant.
c. measuring the tracer gas leaking from the
system using a residual gas analyzer.
d. connecting flow meters to the sources of
leakage in the system and totaling the
monitored flow readings.
A.293
36. When the flow measurement technique of
pressure change measurement testing is
performed on a variable volume system, such as
a tank with a flexible diaphragm. the test factor
that remains constant is the:
a. system gage pressure.
b. system internal gas temperature. ·
c. flow measurement into or out of the system.
d. contained volume in the system at test pressure.
A.306-307
5
37. For a pressure change leakage rate test of a large
volume system, use of an absolute pressure gage
provides test pressure data that is independent of
variations in:
a. system internal gas temperature.
b. system internal dewpoint temperature.
c. contained mass· or volume in the system.
d. barometric pressure·.
A.193, 202, 738
38. Dewpoint temperature is that temperature at
which the gas in a test system would:
a. contain no water vapor.
b. be capable of holding no more water vapor
and condensation in the form of dew would
occur.
c. be capable of evaporating free standing water
in the system.
d. be sufficiently stabilized after pressurization to
meet the criteria required for starting a
pressure change leakage rate test.
A.208, 212, 749
39. For the pressure change leakage rate test of a
large volume system, the water vapor partial
pressure of the internal gas is usually determined
with the system:
a. dewpoint temperature and percent relative
humidity.
b. drybulb temperature and steam tables.
c. dewpoint temperature and steam tables.
d. drybu]b temperature and percent relative
humidity.
A.194
40. For pressure change measurement tests of large
volume evacuated systems exposed to ambient
temperature and weather variations during
testing. it is difficult to determine a true leakage
rate because of the:
a. effect of outgassing vapors that do not obey
the general gas laws for ideal gases.
b. trapped air pockets behind welds inherent in
most vacuum systems.
c. large physical change in volume caused by the
expansion and contraction of the system.
d. the effect of the backstreamed pump oil and
other numerous hydrocarbons present in
vacuum systems.
A.286
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Levell

41. When a liquid U tube manometer is used to
measure gage pressure for a pressure change
measurement test, the pressure should be read at
the difference in the liquid level in both columns
of the manometer. The pressure should never be
read as double the reading of the liquid height in
one column for which of the following reasons?
a. At zero gage pressure, the manometer liquid
may not have been adjusted to zero on the
scale.
b. On a hot day, the manometer fluid
(particularly water) may evaporate during a
long duration test, changing the original zero
scale reading at zero gage pressure.
c. Any zero error is doubled.
d. Any of the above.
A.194, 196-197, 204
42. In lieu of air, which one of the following gases
would be the best choice as the pressurizing
medium for a pressure change measurement test?
a. Oxygen.
b. Nitrogen.
c. Hydrogen.
d. Carbon monoxide.
A.256
43. After pressurizing a system for a pressure change
measurement test, before starting the test the
pressurizing line should be disconnected from the
system isolation valve in order to:
45. For pressure change measurement tests of
evacuated systems, the measurement of pressure
in units of torr is equivalent to measuring the
pressure in which of the following units?
a. mmHg.
b. microns Hg.
c. cmHg.
d. pascals.
A.275-276
46. When the test results for a pressure change
measurement test are on the borderline of being
within the specified allowable, the most
economical next step would be to:
a. immediately vent the system, perfo1m another
leak location test and repeat the pressure
change test.
b. continue the test since the more reliable and
more accurate results of a longer test may be
within the allowable.
c. sell the test to the customer.
d. perform the pressure change test again the
following day using a different pressure gage.
A.255, 257-258
47. When using thermocouples to measure the
system temperature during a pressure change
measurement test, the thermocouple
electromagnetic field output measured with a
potentiometer is read either directly as a
temperature or as:

a. prevent possible inleakage from the a. milliohms.

pressurizing line in the event of a leak through b. milliamperes.
the seat of the isolation valve. c. millivolts.
b. allow the seat of the isolation valve to be d. microamperes.
bubble emission leak tested. A.209
c. prevent possible outleakage from the seat of
the isolation valve in the event it is leaking.
d. all of the above. 48. For pressure change measurement test systems
where the pressure is measured with a water
A.257
manometer, for the most consistent test results
the pressure reading point for the manometer
44. For pressure change measurement test Systems should be at:
where the pressure is measured with a mercury
manometer, for the most consistent test results a. the bottom of the meniscus.
the pressure reading point for the manometer b. the midpoint of the meniscus slope.
should be at: c. the top of the meniscus.
d. any point on the meniscus so long as it is
a. the bottom of the meniscus. always in the same location.
b. the midpoint of the meniscus slope. A.212
c. the top of the meniscus.
d. any point on the meniscus as long as it is
always in the same position.
A.212

6
 Pressure Change Measurenwnt Testing Method, Level I

49. When a very short duration pressure change 52. Which one of the following is the correct
measurement test of a small system is conducted relationship for converting temperature in
under varying temperature conditions and degrees celsius ( 0 C) to temperatures in degrees
requires measurement of both gage pressure and kelvin (K)?
temperature, but does not require measurement of
barometric pressure, which one of the following a. K = (5/9) °C.
equations should be used to determine the b. K = 460 + oc.
pressure change for the time of the test? c. K = 273 + oc.
d. K = (5/9) ("C)+ 273.
a. ~ = (Pt- Pz) A.208

b.
~ = (Pt- Pz) 53. Which one of the following is the correct
t.t M relationship for converting temperature in
degrees rankine ( 0 R) to temperature in degrees
(t! +460)] kelvin (K)?
c. ~ [Pt- (t2 +460)
- = '=----'-------'-=' a. K = (5/9) 0 R.
M b. K = 519 ( 0 R) + 273.
c. K =460 + 0 R.
11 460 d. K = 273 °R.
(p1 +14.7)-(p2 +14.7)(( + ))] A.208
d. !;p t2 + 460
-=
At M
[ 54. When initial system temperature and pressure are
60 °F and 80 psia and final system temperature is
A.222 86 °F, if there was no measurable pressure
change caused by leakage, what would be the
final system pressure?
50. The pressurizing gas used for pressure change
measurement tests of pressurized systems should a. 67 psig.
always: b. 84 psia.
c. 95 psig.
a. be capable of supporting human life. d. 115 psia.
b. obey the laws for ideal gases. A.219
c. be capable of supporting combustion.
d. contain a small amount of water vapor in
order to validate dewpoint sensor readings. 55. A rigid constant volume system contains 100 ft3
A.256 of air mass (quantity) at atmospheric pressure.
Assuming uniform standard temperature and
standard atmospheric pressure as 15 psia, how
51. Which one of the following is the conect much air mass would the system contain at
relationship for converting temperature in 30 psig?
degrees fahrenheit (°F) to temperature in degrees
rankine ( 0 R)? a. 100 ft3
b. 200 ft3
0
a. R = (5/9) 0 F. c. 300 ft3
b. 0
R = 460 + 0 F. d. 400 ft3
c. 0
R = 273 + 0 F. A.258
0
d. R = (5/9) (°F- 32).
A.208

7
 Level I Answers
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

1 d 15 d 29 a 43 d
2 a 'i' 16 a 30 b 44 c

3 d [~ 17 d 31 d 45 a
4 b 18 c 32 c 46 b
5 c !;' 19 a 33 c 47 c
6 a 20 b 34 a 48 a
7 c ,';
21 d 35 b 49 d
8 d 22 d 36 a 50 b
1'
9 c
It 23 a 37 d
'
51 b
10 a I 24 b 38 b I> 52 c
11 d
I>
25 c
.,, 39 c I '
,','','

I ',••, 53 a
I'
12 d I 26 b I,; 40 a !'•'·,· 54 b
13 c I 27 d 41 d 1,', 55 c
14 b I 28 c I, 42 b I,
I

9
 Level II Questions
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

I. While conducting a pressure change leakage rate test 4. A pressure change measurement test of a system is
using a barometer and an ordinary pressure gage to conducted using a pressure gage that indicates
measure the system pressure, a decrease in pressure with a consistent small error. The
barometric pressure is observed. If there is no temperature during the test is constant The effect on
measurable leakage and the system temperature is the results of the test is:
unchanged, the system gage pressure will:
a. to show a greater pressure loss than the actual
a. increase by the amount of the barometric pressure amount.
decrease. b. negligible because of cancellation of repeating
b. decrease by the amount of the barometric pressure error.
decrease. c. to show less pressure loss than the actual amount
c. remain the same. d. none of the above.
d. vary the same as the system absolute pressure. A.218
A.205
5. A temperature of 60 °F would be about the same as
2. While conducting a reference system pressure an absolute temperature of:
change measurement test, an increase in barometric
pressure is observed. If there is no measurable test a. 329 K.
system leakage, the differential pressure between the b. 15 oc.
reference system and the test system will: C. 520 °R.
d. 285 °F.
a. increase by the amount of the barometric pressure A.208
increase.
b. decrease by the amount of the barometric pressure
increase. 6. When a system's drybulb temperature and, in tum,
c. remain the same. total pressure, increases during a pressure change
d. vary the same as the system absolute pressure. leakage rate test, the water vapor pressure in the
system under test would normally:
A.256, 748
a. increase.
3. Zero degrees kelvin (K) is about equal to: b. remain the same.
c. decrease.
a. ~360 "R. d. oscillate.
b. ~170 °F. A.216, 218, 749
c. 0 "C.
d. ~273 oc.
7. The purpose of performing a pressure change
A.207-208
measurement test is to determine:

a. that the component leakage rate can be measured.

b. that the component meets the minimum intended
service requirements.
c. that preliminary leak testing was perfarmed in
accordance with the procedure.
d. all of the above.
A.256, 258

11
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II

8. In a rigid volume pressure change measuremeut 11. Assuming uniform temperature, the amount of (
test system, if the system internal drybulb pressure change per unit of time at test pressure
temperature reaches the system internal dewpoint for a given constant volume system is dependent
temperature, bow can this affect the system on the total system:
leakage rate test results?
a. barometric pressure and leakage rate.
a. It will have absolutely no effect. b. volume and leakage rate.
b. Moisture condensed into the system reduces c. partial pressure and volume.
the system volume, causing an increase in d. leakage rate and partial pressure.
system pressure not attributable to temperature A.287
change.
c. When dewpoint sensors become saturated, the
dewpoint temperature readings can be very 12. When the pressure change per unit of time at test
inaccurate. If the situation is not accounted for pressure for a system is known, to determine the
in the data analysis, the leakage rate test leakage rate for that system, it is necessary to
results can be very inaccurate. know the:
d. The system will be saturated minimizing
pressure variations caused by temperature a. contained volume of the system.
changes. This reduces deviation of the data b. number of leaks in the system.
and increases the reliability of the test results. c. size of the largest leak in the system.
d. surface area of the system.
A.754
A.287
B.187
9. The general gas law showing the relationship of C.ll-5
pressure, temperature and volume of an ideal gas
is expressed by which one of the following
relationships? 13. For a pneumatically pressurized constant volume
system at an internal temperature of 27 °C, what
a. PT =constant or P 1T 1 = P 2T 2 (when VI= V2). approximate percentage change in the system
v absolute pressure can be expected for a system
internal temperature change of 1 °C?
b. TV= constant or P 1T 1 = P 2T 2 (when V1 = V2 ).
v a. 3%.
c. PV = nRT or P 1T 2 = P 2T 1 (when V 1 = V2 ). b. 6%.
d. PV= nR or P 1V2 = P 2V1 (when T1 = T2). c. 0.3%.
d. 10%.
A.208, 222
A223, 258, 286

14. The reliability of the reference chamber

10. If the pressure change measurement test for each
of three different systems results in the same
pressure loss for the same test time, test pressure
and temperature, the leakage rates for each
system would:
a. be the same.
b. vary directly with the volume of each system;
i.e., the bigger the volume, the larger the
leakage rate.
c. vary indirectly with the volume of each
system; i.e., the smaller the volume, the larger
the leakage rate.
d. vary directly with the surface area of each
system; i.e., the bigger the surface area, the
larger the leakage rate.
A.287
technique of pressure change measurement
testing rigid volume systems is mostly dependent
on the accuracy and resolution (readability) of
the:
a. test system pressure gage.
b. drybulb temperature sensors.
c. differential pressure gage between the
reference chamber and the test system.
d. differential temperature sensors between the
reference chamber and the test system.
A.739
B.l64
C.ll-8

12
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II

15. To obtain reliable results when pressure change
measurement testing very large volumes, the
reference chamber technique is less dependent
than the absolute pressure technique on the
accuracy of the:
19. While a system is being pressurized with air for a
pressure change measurement test, the contained
system gas volume in standard volume units
increases by the amount of the system free
volume for every increase in system pressure of:

a. temperature weighting factors. a. two standard atmospheres.

b. dewpoint temperature readings. b. double the test pressure.
c. changes in differential pressure between the c. one standard atmosphere.
reference chamber and test system. d. one half of the design pressure.
d. relative humidity in the system. A.258
A.739
20. When the vacuum pumps are isolated for a
16. When pressure change measurement testing very pressure change measurement test of an
large volumes, the weighting factors used for evacuated system, the following pressure rise
system internal drybulb temperature and versus time curve results. The pressure rise
dewpoint temperature readings are based on the: caused by system leakage would be that part of a
curve represented by dotted slope line:
a. proportionate number of sensors in each
system section volume.
b. proportionate volume represented by each
sensor or group of sensors relative to the total
system volume.
c. total system free volume relative to the system
test pressure volume.
d. system test pressure.
A.739, 744, 746

17. The purpose in plotting absolute temperature and

absolute pressure against time during the course
of a pressure change measurement leakage rate
Elapsed Time
test is:
a. I.
a. for greater ease in detecting errors in recorded
b. II.
data.
c. III.
b. for easier establishment of valid data points.
d. II minus III.
c. to provide visual aid for early determination of
validity and acceptability of results. A.291-292
d. all of the above. B.204
A.263-265, 750, 754 C.ll-3

18. When the percent relative humidity is measured 21. Where Q is leakage rate, Vis system volume at
instead of the dewpoint temperature for the test pressure, iJ.P is pressure change during test
pressure change leakage rate test for a large and t is the duration of the test, which of the
volume system, the water vapor partial pressure following is the fundamental pressure change
of the internal gas can be determined in equation for determining leakage rates of rigid
conjunction with the: volume systems?
, Qt:.P
a. system dewpoint temperature only. a.V=--
t
b. systen1 drybulb temperature and use of steam
tables. b. Q = t:.Pt
c. use of steam tables only. v
d. system dewfall measurements. Vt:.P
A.215 C.Q=-
t
d. t:,p = Vt
Q A.255, 287

13
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II

22. Which one of the following pressure change 26. For pressure change measurement tests of
measurement test allowables is different from the evacuated systems in the absolute pressure range
other three when they are all converted to a of J0-4 to J0-6 torr, which one of the following
common time base? gages would be the best to use?

a. 0.5 psi loss/1 h. a. Thermocouple gage.

b. 0.25 psi loss/0.5 h. b. Quartz bourdon tube manometer.
c. 1.0 psi loss/2 h. c. Ionization gage.
d. 2.5 psi loss/1 0 h. d. Pirani gage.
A.218 A.l72, 531

23. The weighting factor for each drybulb 27. For the flow measurement technique of pressure
temperature sensor and each dewpoint change measurement testing, the type of flow
temperature sensor for a pressure change leakage measurement usually encountered that directly
rate test of a very large volume system will: represents a leakage rate is:

a. vary for each sensor depending on the portion a. mass flow.

of the total system volume represented by the
individual sensor.
b. be the same for the sensor of the same type
but may differ between the two types of
sensors.
c. be the same for each drybulb temperature and
dewpoint temperature sensor positioned as a
pair.
d. usually be the same for all sensors.
A.212, 739, 746
24. For a pressure change measurement test of a
rigid volmne system at a temperature of 40 op
and 35 psig, a temperature change of I °F could
be expected to cause a pressure change of about:
a. 0.01 psi.
b. 0.1 atm.
c. 0.07 psi.
d. 0.10 psi.
A.222
25. Which of the following are true statements
regarding the flow measurement technique of
pressure change measurement testing as
applicable to a large variety of test systems?
a. Calculation or measurement of system volume
is unnecessary.
b. Measurement of system dewpoint gas
temperature during test is usually necessary.
c. The test must be performed with a special
tracer gas.
d. All of tbe above are tme.
A.294
b. volume flow.
c. pressure change flow.
d. velocity flow.
A.304, 755
28. To obtain a more accurate leakage rate when
pressure change measurement testing a very large
volume system, it is necessary to:
a. temperature correct the gage pressure
readings.
b. correct the absolute pressure readings by
subtracting the water vapor partial pressure.
c. measure the percent relative humidity to
ensure that drybulb temperature sensors are
not being affected by excess moisture.
d. correct the absolute pressure readings for
variations in atmospheric temperature
changes.
A.218
29. When no dryer or aftercooler is used in the
pressurizing air line to a large system to be
pressure change measurement tested, as the
pressure in the test system increases, the:
a. barometric pressure increases.
b. system drybulb temperature decreases.
c. system dewpoint temperature increases.
d. system water vapor partially decreases.
A.218, 749

14
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II
30. When pressure change measurement testing
evacuated systems, outgassing is a major factor
that must be considered in determining the
system leakage rate. Outgassing rates in a
vacuum system are influenced by:
a. the amount of surface area inside the system.
b. the type of material exposed to the system.
c. the cleanliness of the surface inside the
system.
d. all of the above.
A.278, 288, 333-334
31. A pressure change measurement test is conducted
on a system at operating pressure using a
different ideal gas than the ideal gas to be used
when the system is in service. To determine the
in service leakage rate, the leakage rate measured
during the test must be adjusted for which one of
the following property differences between the
two gases?
a. Vapor density.
b. Gaseous viscosity.
c. Specific weight.
d. Vapor pressure.
A.75
C.6-13
32. Which of the following is an advantage of the
pressure change measurement test method?
a. It requires no special tracer gas.
b. It can be used for measuring total leakage rate
on either evacuated or pressurized systems.
c. It can be used to measure total leakage rate for
any size system.
d. All of the above apply.
A.256
C.ll-1
33. For the pressure rise technique of pressure
change measurement testing an evacuated
system, the system sensitivity increases as .test
time increases and:
a: volume increases and pressure decreases.
b. volume increases and pressure increases.
c. volume decreases and pr~ssure decreases.
d. none of the above apply.
A.287
15
34. When pressure change measurement testing an
evacuated system in the pressure range of I0-4 to
J0-5 torr, a factor that must be considered to
determine the leakage rate is the:
~. total outgassing load.
b. water vapor condensation.
c. ionization of molecules.
d. vacuum pump system speed.
A.278, 291-292
35. Volume change caused by thermal expansion or
contraction of a constant volume system during a
pressure change measurement test:
a. does not affect leakage rate calculations.
b. is automatically accounted for by the
corrections for difference in temperature.
c. is not normally significant.
d. has a very significant error impact on the
leakage rate results.
A.256, 258, 748-749
36. In an evacuated system, the sensitivity of a
pressure change measurement test is dependent
not only on the pressure change caused by
leakage but also on the degree of outgassing.
Pressure change caused by outgassing is:
a. the result of the viscosity of gas.
b. caused by the evaporation or boiling of
absorbed materials and gases from the walls of
the container.
c. directly proportional to the temperature of the
gas.
d. caused by leakage from the vacuum manifold.
A.278, 291, 333-334
37. For a large evacuated system exposed to the
weather and the accompanying wide temperature
variations, determination of the leakage rate by
the pressure change measurement test method
reqmres:
a. comparison of test data when the temperature
is in a down trend.
b. comparison of test data during stable
temperature periods or during comparable
temperature trends or cycles.
c. longer evacuation time before the test to
eliminate all outgassing.
d. use of extreme cleaning procedures before the
test to eliminate the outgassing.
A.286
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II

38. If a system to be pressure change measurement 42. A pressure change measurement test system is
tested is so small that internal temperature considered to be a constant volnme system when
sensors cannot be used, then: the:

a. use surface thermometers to measure the
system temperature.
b. maintain a stable external temperature around·
the system.
c. test the system using a mass flow
measurement technique.
d. use any of the above alternatives.
A.209
39. For pressure change measurement test systems
pressurized above atmospheric pressure, the most
sensitive and accurate type of absolute pressure
measuring gage or instrument available is which
one of the following?
a. temperature variation anticipated during test is
so small that it can be ignored.
b. temperature variation during test is so small
that it has little or no effect on the results.
c. pressure variation is so small that it can be
considered as constant.
d. physical change in the size of the system
caused by temperature variation is so small
that it can be ignored.
A.256
43. The sensitivity of the flow measurement
technique of the pressure change test method is
very dependent on the:

a. A pressure gage with very small minor a. accuracy. of the system volume.
graduations. b. system dewpoint temperature.
b. A quartz bourdon tube pressure gage. c. number of temperature sensors in the system.
c. A compound pressure/vacuum gage. d. accuracy of the flow measuring instrument.
d. A pressure sensing cell with a diaphragm A.294
which acts to unbalance a capacitive bridge
circuit.
44. The test technique used to confirm the accuracy
A.194
of the leakage rate test results and the
instrumentation used in conducting a pressure
40. A sensor that can be used to measure drybulb change measurement test of a large system is
temperature in pressure change measurement test commonly called a:
systems which consists of a bimetallic junction
that produces an electromotive force that varies a. confirmation test.
with temperature is known as a: b. reliability test.
c. verification test
a. thermocouple. d. controlled test.
b. resistance bridge. A.240, 744
c. dewpoint sensor.
d. balanced junction thennopile.
45. As pressure change measurement test systems get
A.209
smaller in size, the accuracy of the volume or
mass leakage rate becomes more dependent on
41. The number of drybulb temperature sensors the:
selected for a pressure change measurement test
is a function of many factors, one of which is a. accuracy of the system volume.
the: b. accuracy of the starting test pressure.
c. level of the test temperature.
a. type of sensors selected. d. dewpoint temperature in the system.
b. surface area of the system. A.287
c. contained free air volume of the system.
d. anticipated internal air temperature during the
test.
A.212, 740, 746

16
•
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II

46. A sensor used to measure dry bulb temperature in 49. For pressure change measurement tests of large
pressure change measurement test systems which volume systems, the number of temperature
consists of a metal tube containing a metallic sensors selected and their location within the
core wound with wire whose ohm rating with system shall be:
temperature is known as:
a. determined by calculations only.
a. a dewpoint resistance detector. b. confirmed or corrected by a prior survey of
b. a resistance temperature detector. the system to reveal the actual temperature
c. a thermocouple temperature detector. pattern.
d. an electromotive force sensor. c. double the actual requirement to provide a
A.208 safe level of redundancy.
d. based on the combined results of past tests on
similar size systems.
47. Where Q is leakage rate, Vis system volume, P
A.212
is system absolute pressure and tis time, which
of the following is the fundamental pressure
change equation for determining leakage rates of 50. For pressure change measurement tests of large
variable volume systems? volume systems, the number of temperature
sensors selected is a function of:
a. V= Q(P, -Pz)
t 1 - t2
a. contained system volume.
b. configuration of the system.
b. Q = P(t1 - t2) c. redundancy desired caused by possible
v malfunction of sensors.
d. all of the above.
V(t1 -t2 )
c. p A.212
Q B.739
d. Q = (f\1-'t- Pz Vz)
tl- t1 51. One set of internal dry bulb temperature data for a
A.308 pressure change leakage rate test is:
(T4 + T5 )
72.32;
48. At a temperature of about 68 °F (20 °C), a 2
system being evacuated for a vacuum retention (78 + T, + Tio) 73.07.
pressure change measurement test will not pump 3
below an absolute pressure level of about
18 mm Hg. The problem is most likely: For each of these four sections of this system, the
respective weighting factor is 0.27, 0.18, 0.22
a. a faulty gage or a gage applied to the wrong and 0.33. The mean absolute drybulb temperature
absolute pressure gage. of system air for this test data point is:
b. nonexistent since all evacuated systems cannot
be pumped below this level without the use of a. 532.53 °R.
special high speed diffusion pumps. b. 345.53 K.
c. excessive moisture boiling or outgassing into c. 532.48 °R.
the system. d. 532.48 K.
d. excessive amounts of leakage caused by A.208, 739-740
improper preliminary leak testing techniques
or methods. 52. Which one of the following is the correct
D.135 relationship for converting temperature in
degrees fahrenheit (°F) to temperature in degrees
celsius ('C)?

a. °C = (9/5) 0 F.
b. oc = 273° + 0 F.
c. 'C = (5/9) CF ~ 32).
d. °C = 460 °F (5/9) 0 F.
A.207-208

17
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level II

53. A rigid constant volume vessel contains 3 ft3 of

air mass (quantity) at standard atmospheric
pressure. Assuming uniform standard temperature
and standard atmospheric pressure as 15 psia.
what would be the system pressure if 9 ft3 of air
were added to the system?

a. 30 psig.
b. 45 psia.
c. 60 psig.
d. 60 psia.
A.258

54. A constant volume system contains an air volume

of 10 ft3 at a pressure of 75 psia and a
temperature of 40 °F. What is this air mass in
standard cubic feet? Assume standard pressure as
15 psia and standard temperature as 60 °F.

a. 52.0 ft3.
b. 62.4 ft3.
c. 75.0 ft3.
d. 90.0 ft3.
A.258

55. If a system contains an air mass of 30 000 cm3 at

standard atmospheric pressure, how much air
mass does it contain in standard cubic feet when
it is evacuated to an absolute pressure of 1 psia?
Assume uniform standard temperature and
standard pressure of I 5 psia.

a. 500 ft3.
b. 1000 ft3
c. 2000 ft3
d. 10 000 ft3
A.258

18
 Level IT Answers
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

1 a j[@~ 15 a 1: 29 elf 43 d
2 c ll~l 16 b
I'' .'-
30 d 44 c

3 d 17 d ; 31 b 45 a
4 b 18 b 32 d 46 b
":
5 c 19 c ~~ 33 c 47 d
6 a !c< 20 c .,•...
•
34 a li!1 48 c
7 b •• 21 c \ 35 c 49 b
8 c ~: 22 d
I'· 36 b ~~~1 50 d
9 c ••• 23 a I 37 b 51 a
(!!
10 b I 24 d I 38 d r• 52 c
11 b 25 a .. 39 b ., 53 d
I•. .·
12 a I
26 c 40 a 54 a
13 c 27 a 41 c :2 55 c
14 c I 28 b 42 d

19
 Level III Questions
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

I. The general gas law showing the relationship of 3. A large volume nuclear containment system has an
pressure, temperature and volume of a gas is allowable total leakage rate La given as a percent per
expressed by which one of the following time of the total contained system mass at test
relationships? pressure. To ensure that small volume system
components leak no more than their respective share
a. PT =constant or P 1T1 = P2T2 (when V1 = V2 ). of the system total allowable La, where realistic or
v possible, a specification should assign each
component an allowable leakage rate that is:
b. TV = nR or T 2 V2 = T2V2 (when P 1 = P 2).
. p a. equal to one hundredth the system allowable since
there are normally about one hundred system
components that must be individually leakage rate
tested.
d. PV =constant or P 1V2 = Pz V1 (when T1 = T2 ). b. equal to a 1 psig per hour pressure loss at test
pressure.
A.219, 286 c. equal to a percent per unit of time of 0.60 La but
with that percent based on the component
2. Specifications for final pressure change measurement contained mass at test pressure.
tests of components often list the allowable as a d. equal to one twentieth the system allowable since
leakage rate in units of mass flow per unit of time. there are normally about twenty system components
To convert this for a procedure to an equivalent that must be individually leakage rate tested.
allowable pressure loss per unit of time, which of the A.738
following relationships would be the correct one to
use? 4. When the pressure change per unit of time at test
pressure for a system is known, to determine the
a t.V M total leakage rate for that system in mass flow per
·--=-
t t unit of time, it is necessary to know the total:
b. Q=MV a. number of leaks in the system.
11t b. contained volume of the system.
M c. type of pressure gage in the system.
c·-=nRT d. surface area of the system.
t
A.255, 287
d. Q= 11V
Pt 5. Assuming uniform temperature, the amount of
A.255 pressure change per unit of time at test pressure for a
B.171 given system is dependent on the total system:
C.ll-5
a. leakage rate and configuration.
b. configuration and volume.
c. barometric pressure and leakage rate.
d. volume and leakage rate.
A.255
B.171
C.U-5

21
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level III

6. One way to increase the accuracy and reliability 11. Two of the short duration pressure change
of the results of a pressure change measurement measurement test techniques that may be used
test is to: for Type B and Type C tests of containment
component systems, such as gasket interspaces,
a. extend the time period of the test. seal interspaces, valve interspaces, etc., are the
b. use a reliable person to record the gage constant pressure flow measurement technique
readings. and the:
c. use a reliable dewpoint sensor.
d. shorten the time period of the test. a. variable temperature technique.
A.272, 287 b. constant humidity technique.
c. pressure decay technique.
d. flow verification technique.
7. For very short duration pressure change
A.762
measurement tests of systems such as gasket
interspaces and leak chase (test channel) zones, it
is always necessary to measure which two of the 12. The two acceptable test methods for performing
following variables? an integrated leakage rate test of a primary
nuclear reactor containment system are known as
a. Volume and temperature. the:
b. Absolute pressure and skill factor.
c. Barometric pressure and dewpoint. a. absolute method and reference vessel method.
d. Time and gage pressure. b. constant pressure flow method and verification
A.227 method.
c. constant flow method and reference vessel
method.
8. For a primary nuclear reactor containment d. temperature correction method and partial
system, after pressurizing for a Type A integrated pressure method. '
leakage rate test, the system must stabilize for a
A.748
period of at least:

a. 4 h. 13. For primary nuclear reactor containment.system

b. 8 h. leakage rate testing, there are numerous
c. 12 h. progressive analysis techniques. Of the following
d. 24 h. actual or fictional techniques, which is the one
A.749 recommended?

a. Leakage rate point to point analysis.

9. For short duration pressure change measurement b. Inverted square point analysis.
tests of small volume systems, which of the c. Mass point analysis.
following are two of the more important features d. Leakage rate total time analysis.
or characteristics of the pressure gage used?
A.748
a. Repeatability and readability.
b. Manufacturer and repeatability. 14. For a primary nuclear reactor containment
c. Needle length and sensitivity. system, the measured leakage rate is determined
d. Readability and inlet diameter. from the test data by a linear regression analysis
A.204 using the method of:

a. least squares.
10. An ordinary pressure dial gage of adequate size, b. average distribution.
range and readability is available for a pressure c. transposed average.
change measurement test. For this type of leak d. statistical average.
test, as a general rule, this gage should have a
A.232-233, 752
typical accuracy in the range of:

a. the smallest scale graduation.

b. one tenth the smallest scale graduation.
c. ±0.10% of the full scale.
d. ±0;25% to 0.33% of the full scale.
A.203

22
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level III

15. The purpose in measuring dewpoint temperature
for a pressure change measurement leakage rate
test is to determine:
a. percent relative humidity factor.
b. correction for variation of partial pressure of
water vapor.
c. partial pressure of total pressure.
d. how supersaturation affects the leakage rate
test equipment in the system.
A.212, 750
16. The method of determining the reliability of
calculated results for Type A leakage rate tests is
the performance of:
a. an instrument accuracy error analysis.
b. a verification test.
c. an instrument repeatability error analysis.
d. a linear regression deviation analysis.
A.744
17. A preoperational Type A leakage rate test of a
primary nuclear reactor containment system shall
be conducted:
19. For a "JYpe A leakage rate test of a primary
nuclear reactor containment system, the least
number of operating dewpoint temperature
sensors during a test shall be:
a. I.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. based on the system volume tested.
A.746
20. A method for verification of Type A leakage rate
test result accuracy is the mass step change
verification test. This involves the metered
removal or injection of a quantity of air from or
into the containment. The metered mass change
of air shall be:
a. at a rate less than the daily allowable leakage.
b. between 75% and 125% of the daily allowable
leakage.
c. at 25% of the daily allowable leakage.
d. exactly the same as the daily allowable
leakage.
A.241, 755

a. after the preoperational structural integrity test 21. During a "JYpe A leakage rate test, the test
and before "JYpe B and Type C tests. pressure shall not be permitted to fall below the
b. before the preoperational structural integrity accident design pressure Pac by more than:
test and "JYpe B and Type C tests.
c. after the preoperational structural integrity test a. 1 psi.
and Type B and Type C tests. b. 1%.
d. before the preoperational structural integrity c. 2%.
test and after Type B and Type C tests. d. zero amount.
A.745 A.746

18. The upper confidence limit for the measured 22. After successfully completing a Type A leakage
leakage rate value for a primary nuclear rate test, it is discovered that a Type B leakage
containment system is calculated at a probability path must be isolated to complete the Type A
of: test. The TYpe B test:

a. 98%. a. must be completed and the Type A test

b. 97%. repeated.
c. 96%. b. need only be completed and so long as it is
d. 95%. acceptable the Type A test is acceptable.
A.752 c. leakage rate results must be added to the
Type A test upper confidence limit.
d. may be waived if the Type A test leakage is
sufficiently below the allowable.
A.745

23
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level Ill

23. When the leakage rate test follows the structural 27. For the purpose of instrumentation selection for a
integrity test of a nuclear contaiurnent system, Type A integrated leakage rate test of a nuclear
the test pressure for the structural integrity test: containment system, the instrumentation
selection guide prior to the test shall not exceed
a. may be reduced to P ac and the leakage test the maximum allowable leakage rate La at peak
immediately performed. containment internal pressure P ac by more than:
b. must be reduced to Pac and held a minimum of
24 h before the leakage test may be a. 0.05 L •.
performed. b. 0.15 L •.
c. shall be reduced to 85% Pac for a minimum of c. 0.25 La.
24 h prior to repressurizing to P ac for the d. 0.35 La.
leakage rate test. A.748
d. shall be reduced to atmospheric pressure for a
minimum of 24 h prior to repressurizing to P ac
for the leakage rate test. 28. In addition to serving as a guide for
instrumentation selection prior to a Type A
A.749
integrated leakage rate test of a nuclear
containment system, the instrumentation
24. After stabilization, the duration of a Type A selection guide provides guidelines at the end of
leakage rate test for a nuclear containment the integrated leakage rate test for the:
system shall be a minimum of 8 h and shall have:
a. determination of the upper confidence limit.
a. a set of data points taken every hour. b. loss of sensor criteria.
b. not less than ten sets of data points at about c. rate of verification flow.
equal time intervals. d. flow meter accuracy.
c. not less than twenty sets of data points at A.748
about equal time intervals.
d. no minimum number of data points as long as
they are taken at about equal time intervals. 29. When performing a pressure change
measurement test of a small volume system using
A.750
the makeup flow rate technique to measure the
leakage rate, the system test pressure:
25. The mass change calculated from the test
instrumentation during a verification test of a a. remains constant.
Type A leakage rate test must agree with the b. decays at a fixed rate.
metered mass change within: c. rises in proportion to the level of absolute
pressure.
a. 0.1%. d. decreases with temperature per the general gas
b. 1%. law for ideal gases.
c. 10%. A.763
d. 25%.
A.241, 755
30. For a primary nuclear reactor containment
system Type A test, the upper confidence limit
26. The selection of instrumentation for a Type A plus required local leakage rate additions, as
integrated leakage rate test of a nuclear related to the allowable leakage rate La, shall be
containment system is based on an less than:
instrumentation selection guide which combines
instrumentation error by means of a formula that a. 0.50 La.
uses the process of: b. 0.60 L •.
c. 0.75 La.
a. root sum square. d. 0.90 La.
b. least mean average. A.754
c. root average square.
d. linear least square.
A.239

24
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level Ill

31. To measure the pressure change of an evacuated 35. A rigid structure can be considered to be a
altitude chamber at an absolute pressure in the constant volume system for a pressure change
J0-7 to J0-5 torr range requires which one of the measurement test when the:
following types of gages?
a. physical change in the size of the system
a. Ionization gage. caused by temperature variation is sufficiently
b. Thermal conductivity gage. small relative to the total contained volume
c. Quartz manometer. that it can be ignored.
d. Pirani gage. b. decrease in system pressure caused by the
A.349-350 growth in the size of the structure when
pressurizing is less than the allowable pressure
change during the test.
32. To determine the total leakage rate of a vacuum c. physical change in the size of the system
system by the pressure change measurement test during pressurization is less than 10% of the
method with that system at an absolute pressure system allowable percentage leakage rate.
in the 10-6 to I o-s mm Hg range, which one of d. growth in the size of the structure caused by
the following system factors must be considered? temperature variation is measured with
displacement gages and is accounted for in the
a. Vacuum pump system conductances. analysis of the system test data.
b. Water vapor condensation.
A.256
c. Vacuum pump system speeds.
d. Total outgassing loads.
A.287, 291-292 36. The pressure change measurement test of a high
vacuum system resulted in the following pressure
rise versus elapsed time curve plotted on semilog
33. For an evacuated system at an absolute pressure paper. For this curve, the equivalent mass flow
in the I0-3 to J0-1 torr range, to determine the rate from point A to B is 2.0 x J0-6 std cm3·s-l;
system total leakage rate by pressure change from point A to Cis 6.0 x I0-6 std cm3·s-l; from
using the vacuum retention test technique point B to Dis 6.8 x J0-5 std cm3·s-l; and from
requires the measurement or determination of point A to Dis 7.0 x I0-5 std cm3·s-1 Based on
which of the following group of variables? these values, the leakage rate for this system is:
a. Time, gage pressure, dewpoint and volume.
b. Absolute pressure, time, temperature and
volume. D
c. Gage pressure, absolute pressure, dewpoint c
and volume.
d. Temperature, absolute pressure, time and
surface area.
A.287-289

34. For a pressure change measurement test, a high

precision calculation of the enclosed volume of a
constant volume system may not be required if
the leakage rate is calculated:
Elapsed Time
a. on the basis of total contained volume per unit
of time.
b. as a percentage of total pressure per unit of a. 6.0 x J0-6 std cm3·s-1
time. b. 6.4 x J0-5 std cm3·s-1.
c. as a percentage of total enclosed mass change c. 6.8 x I0-6 std cm3·s-1
per unit of time. d. 7.0 x I0-5 std cm3·s-1
d. on the basis of high accuracy pressure and A.291-292
temperature change measurements per unit of
time.
A.255

25
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Level Ill

37. For primary nuclear containment system Type A, 40. When designing a vacuum system, which of the
Type B and Type C leakage rate tests, the least following are major considerations for achieving
discernible unit on the measuring equipment final performance specification evacuation time
readout or display mechanism is called: limit(s) and pressure change measurement test
allowable(s)?
a. resolution.
b. accuracy. a. Weld joint designs which avoid potential
c. minimum range. virtual leakage volumes.
d. sensitivity. b. Outgassing rates of material exposed to the
A.743 system vacuum.
c. Cleaning requirements for the system surfaces
exposed to the vacuum.
38. A Type A integrated leakage rate test of a d. All of the above.
primary nuclear containment system is performed
A.279, 286
by the absolute method and the leakage rate is
computed by the mass point analysis technique.
The estimate of percent leakage rate, Lam• is 41. For pressure change measurement testing,
expressed as the ratio of the rate of change of resistance temperature detector bulbs are more
mass to the mass in the containment. Which one desirable than thermocouples as temperature
of the following is the contained mass to be used measuring devices from the standpoint of:
as the denominator of this ratio 7
a. response time to change.
a. W 0 , the measured mass at the initial time= 0. b. stability and accuracy.
b. W, the average of the measured mass of the c. availability and cost.
contained air during the test. d. all of the above.
c. (Wi + Wf)/2, the average of the initial and final A.209
measured mass of contained air during the
test.

•
d. B, the intercept of the least squares mass slope 42. When an isolation valve cannot be closed by
line at t 1 = 0. normal methods for a Type A leakage rate test of
a primary nuclear containment system, then for
A.233, 752
the Type A test the:

39. For primary nuclear containment system leakage a. method used to close the valve shall be
rate test calculations, which one of the following documented and a local leakage rate test
is the least squares fit line equation relating performed after repair and installation and/or
measured masses to corresponding measurement closure by normal means and results added to
data points? the upper confidence limit for the system.
b. valve may be adjusted or tightened after
a. L = -2400A closure as long as the degree of tightening or
am B adjusting is documented and, after repair and
closure by normal means, it is determined by a
b. W = 144V[1t-Pvi]
rR Ti
local leakage rate test to be satisfactory.
c. method used to close the valve shall be an
engineer approved acceptable repeatable
c. W; =At; +B alternate that is documented with the upper
confidence limit for the system.
d. W= P,V, d. valve may be exercised manually until its
RT., performance is satisfactory and the manual
A.227, 752 technique used is documented.
A.745

26
•
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Levell][
43. A system has a specified maximum allowable
pressure loss per unit of time at design pressure.
To increase the probability that the system will
meet this performance requirement, which one of
the following would be the most important
reason to want to know the system contained
at
mass or volume design pressure?
a. Calculation of the system allowable leakage
rate in order to determine which, if any,
preliminary leak testing method would be
appropriate.
b. Determination of the compressor requirements
for pressurizing the system.
c. Selection of the critical areas that must be
preliminary leak tested.
d. To enable the preliminary leak testing soak
time to be determined.
A,255, 257-258
44. Two of the short duration pressure change
measurement test techniques that may be used
for Type B and Type C tests of containment
component systems such as gasket interspaces,
seal interspaces, valve interspaces, etc. are the
water collection technique and the:
a. constant humidity technique.
b. variable temperature technique.
c. flow verification technique.
d. vacuum retention technique.
A,762
45. At the end of a Type A integrated leakage rate
test of a nuclear containment system, the
instrumentation selection guide, including any
increase caused by the loss of a sensor(s), shall
not exceed the maximum allowable leakage rate
La at peak containment internal pressure P ac by
more than:
a. 0.15 L,.
b. 0.25 L,.
C. 0.35 L,.
d. 0.45 L,.
A.748
27
46. A sudden change in the rate of trend variation of
the average internal dewpoint temperature during
a pressure change measurement leakage rate test
of a large system could indicate the:
a. presence of excessive system leakage.
b. failure of all the dewpoint sensors.
c. occurrence of-a water leak in the system.
d. moisture content in the system has decreased
below a measurable level.
A.218
47. For a Type A integrated leakage rate test of a
nuclear containment system, the duration of the
superimposed leakage verification test depends
on the leakage rate involved and generally
requires:
a. at least 8 h minimum.
b. at least 4 h with a minimum of ten data points.
c. no more than 4 h.
d. sufficient time and enough data points to
obtain reliable results.
A.241
48. During the mass step verification test of a Type A
integrated leakage rate test, the metered removal
or injection of air from or into the containment
system in any one hour period shall be:
a. no more than 25% of the daily allowable
leakage rate La.
b. at least 15% of the Lam·
c. no more than 50% of the upper confidence
limit.
d. no more than 25% of the composite leakage
rate Lc.
A,755
49. After pressurization of a nuclear containment
system, the temperature is considered to be
stabilized when the weighted average internal air
temperature over the last I h as compared to the
average rate of change over the last 4 h does not
deviate by:
a. more than ±4 °F/h (±2.2 °C/h).
b. less than ±I °F/h (±0.6 °C/h).
c. more than ±0.2 °F/h (±0.1 °C/h).
d. more than 0.5 °F/h (0.3 °C/h).
A.749
 Level III Answers
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

1 c !

....
14
a Jtl 27 c I~Iu 40 d
2 b 15 b 28 b l!~tll 41 b
••
3 c •• 16 b 29 a 42 a
·.

4 b I;
1: 17 c 30 c 43 a
5 d I 18 d 31 a 44 d
~if
6 a 19 c 32 d li}fJ 45 b
L
7 d 20 b 33 b 46 c
F
8 a I~ 21 a 34 c 47 b
9 a I 22 c 35 a 48 a
t;
10 d 23 c ~~~ 36 b w 49 d
11 c 24 c I~· 37 a IF
12 a 25 d I11 38 d I
13 c 26 a I 39 c
I'· I

29
 Sample Specification
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method
1.0 Scope and Description:
1.1 This sample consists only of those excetpts
applicable to the pressure change
measurement testing requirements of the
sample specification for a primary nuclear
reactor containment system.
!.2 This nuclear containment system shall consist
of a reinforced concrete steel lined structure
which will house the nuclear reactor, steam
generators, heat exchangers, interconnecting
piping and valves, electrical systems, air
circulation and cooling systems, a polar crane
for refueling and other components of the
nuclear power system.
1.3 The containment structure liner shall have
approximate overall dimensions of 30 m
(100ft) and a height of 64 m (212ft).
!.4 The steel liner material supplied by the liner
contractor shall be as specified and identified
in NE-2150 of ASME Section III. Contractor
shall also furnish as built drawings to
properly identify the location of all materials
furnished by Contractor, whether installed by
Contractor or installed by others.
2.0 Applicable Publications:
Materials and fabrication furnished under this sample
specification shall comply with all Federal Laws and with
the following Codes and Standards to the extent
referenced herein. Unless otherwise noted, the documents
with addenda, amendments and revisions in effect on the
date of the purchase order shall apply. Later editions may
be used by mutual consent in writing between the Liner
Contractor and the Purchaser.
The various dOcuments mentioned herein are listed in
Table l.
31
3.0 Gasketing Material:
3.1 Solid silicone rubber (only), fabricated in
continuous rings and suitable for the service,
including radiation and temperature.
3.2 Gaskets shall have a minimum guaranteed
life of not less than 12 months, or as
approved.
3.3 Sealing pressure on each gasket shall be
constant for life of gasket.
4.0 General Requirements for Design,
Fabrication and Erection:
4.1 Metal Containment classification: Class MC
(of ASME Section III, Division 1) and Class
CC (of ASME Section III, Division 2).
4.!.1 For general design, fabrication and
erection of the liner work,
Subsection CC of the ASME Section
III, Division 2 Code for Concrete
Containment Vessels shall apply.
4.!.2 For design, fabrication and erection
of all pressure retaining components
of the liner work which are required
to resist the maximum loading
criteria, such as the Emergency
Personnel Airlock, the Equipment
Access Hatch with integral
Personnel Airlock, the requirements
of Subsection NE of ASME Section
III, Division 1 shall also apply, as
specified in NE-1110.
4.!.3 The fabrication and erection of all
penetration sleeves shall meet the
requirements of a class MC Vessel
as specified in Subsection NE,
ASME Section IlL
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Sample Specification

Table 1: Documentation used in Sample Specification. (

Short Name Date of Complete Identification of the Document

As Used Herein Issue and of the Sponsor Organization

ASME 1980 through Summer American Society of Mechanical Engineers:

1981 Addenda Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
I. Section III Nuclear Power Plant Components
Division I
2. Section III Concrete Containments
Division II
Subsection CC
3. Section V Nondestructive Examination

4. Section IX Welding Qualifications

ASTM Current American Society for Testing and Materials

ANSI American National Standards Institute
I. Bl.l. !977 American National Standard for Screw Threads
2. Bl8.2.!. 1977 American National Standard for Square and Hex Bolts
3. N45.2.6. 1978 Qualification of Inspection, Examination, and Testing
Personnel for Construction Phase of Nuclear Power
Plants
4. ANSI/ ANS-56.8 1981 American National Standard Containment System
Leakage Testing Requirements, American Nuclear Society
5. ANSI/FCI 70-2 American National Standard for Control Valve Seat
Leakage
ASNT American Society for Nondestructive Testing
I. SNT-TC-IA !975 Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and
Certification in Nondestructive Testing
NRC (lOCFR) Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Code of Federal
Regulations, Title I 0
I. !OCFR21 Part 21, Reporting of Defects and Nonconformances
2. IOCFRSO Technical Specifications for the Nuclear Reactor,
Chapter I, Containment, and Components, Part 50, Chapter I,
Appendix J Appendix J, for Primary Reactor Containment Leakage
Testing for Water Cooled Power Reactors
3. Regulatory Reactor Coolant Boundary Leakage Detection System
Guide 1.45
4. Regulatory Structural Acceptance Tests for Primary Reactor
Guide 1.18 Containments
5. Regulatory Nondestructive Examination of Primary Containment
Guide 1.19 Liner Welds
6. Regulatory Leakage Tests on Packages for Shipment of Radioactive
Guide 7.4 Materials
Specification SCL 1981 SCL Engineers, Inc.

32
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Sample Specification

5.0 Primary Containment Design 6.7 Hydrostatic Testing and/or Pneumatic

Conditions Testing

5.1 Design Conditions on Containment and 6.8 Heat Treatment and Stress Relieving
Pressure Retaining Components
6.9 Major Weld Repairs
Design Pressure P ac +50 psig
-3 psig 7.0 Inspection and Testing of Steel Liner
Work for Reactor Containment
Design Temperature Tac
Structure:
Internal External
304 op 70 op Equipment Hatch 7.1 Personnel, Equipment, Instruments and
-15 op Emergency Personnel Procedures:

7.1.1 Contractor shall furnish all

5.2 Operating Conditions
nondestructive testing personnel
Pressure P 0 ±3 psig and provide all equipment and
instruments required to perform
Operating Temperature T0 all specified inspections and
tests, and shall remove all
Internal External
equipment, instruments and
304 °F 70 °F Equipment Hatch rigging (unless otherwise
-15 op Emergency Personnel indicated) when their use is no
longer required.
5.3 Overpressure Test Conditions
7.1.2 Nondestructive testing personnel
Test Pressure
shall be qualified as required by
Internal External ASME, SNT-TC-JA or ANSI
57.5 psig Atmospheric N45.2.6. as applicable and shall
be highly competent and
6.0 Instructions, Procedures and thoroughly experienced in this
type of work.
Drawings:
7.1.3 All equipment, instruments and
The Quality Control procedures shall also contain procedures shall be as best
those design, manufacturing, testing, inspection, suited to the work and such as to
cleaning, etc., procedures necessary for the demonstrate complete reliability
accomplishment of the work and to assure its proper of inspection and test results,
and shall be suitable for
quality. Procedures shall be qualified, as necessary, to
Purchaser's use for future
Code or Standard requirements. These procedures testing.
shall detail with equipment is to be used, limiting
conditions, acceptance criteria, techniques, etc., that 7.1.4 All testing connections and
will be used and shall include the following: accessories as required for future
testing by Purchaser shall be left
6.1 Welding in place (and properly sealed) or
stored as requested by
6.2 Radiography Purchaser's representative.

6.3 Magnetic Particle 7.1.5 Contractor shall submit to the

Consulting Engineers for review
6.4 Liquid Penetrant and approval, well in advance of
starting any inspection or testing
6.5 Ultrasonic Testing/Eddy Current work, complete data in
accordance with the Quality
6.6 Leak Testing Assurance Program
requirements.

33
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Sample Specification
7.1.6 Approval of Work During
Performance: All inspection and
testing work, in both shop and
field, shall be subject to review
and audit by Purchaser's
inspectors and by the Consulting
Engineers. Any work not being
performed by approved
personnel, or with unapproved
equipment or procedures, will be
stopped until approved
requirements are conformed to.
8.0 Pneumatic Proof Testing of Pressure
7.1.7 Examination and testing of
welds for the steel liner work.
7.1.7.1 Liner weld joints shall
show no indication of
leakage by the
formation of bubbles
while being observed
for a minimum of 10 s
at a pressure
differential of at least
5 psig during a bubble
vacuum box test. Any
indication of leaking,
by the formation of
bubbles, or the
breaking of continuous
detector film by large
leaks, shall be
evidence of an
unacceptable condition.
7 .1. 7.2 After installation of
the leak chase test
channels over liner
welds, the leak chase
channels shall be
pressurized to
containment design
pressure and all
channel to liner welds
and channel to channel
welds shall be bubble
tested and observed
for indications of
leakage for at least
10 s. Any indications
of leakage, by the
formation of bubbles,
or the breaking of the
continuous detector
film by large leaks,
shall be evidence of an
unacceptable condition.
34
7.1.7.3 After repair of any
le.aks detected during
the bubble test, the
leak test channel shall
be pressurized to
containment design
pressure and held for
2 h with loss in
pressure not to exceed
2 psi, as evidenced by
the test gage.
Retaining Components:
8.1 Perform pneumatic proof testing in
accordance with all applicable
requirements of this sample specification,
and in accordance with requirements
hereinafter specified; where requirements
differ between parts of this sample
specification and the Codes or Standards
referenced, the most restrictive
requirements shall apply in each:
8.1.1 ANSI/ANS-56.8-1981
"American National Standard
Containment System Leakage
Testing Requirements."
8.2 Contractor shall furnish and install all
temporary blind flanges, blanking off
plates and gasketing required to properly
seal all work being tested, and shall
remove such material following
successful performance of tests. Ends of
penetrations and nozzles shall then be
properly prepared for later connections by
others.
8.3 Proof Testing of Personnel Airlock and
Emergency Personnel Airlock: Shop test
as follows, after completion of airlock:
8.3.1 Initial Bubble Test: Pressurize
interior of airlock to 5 psig, and
bubble test all welded joints,
penetrations and nozzles, and all
double compression seals around
doors.
8.3.2 Overpressure Tests: After any
defective work has been
replaced or remedied and
retested, pressurize to 57.5 psig
and hold for I h.
 Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Sample Specification
8.3.3 Second Bubble Test: Reduce
pressure to 50 psig and perform
second bubble test.
8.4 Airlock Leakage Rate Test:
8 .4.1 After successful completion of
the overpressure test, perform
the leakage rate test of each
airlock at 50 psig ( +2 psig;
-1 psig) for a minimum of 8 h
to demonstrate that maximum
leakage does not exceed 1% in
24 h of the total air mass at
design pressure in the airlock.
8.4.2 The Absolute Method, as
specified in ANSI/ANS 56.8-
1981, shall be used. Contractor
shall state for approval in the
Bid Proposal, all equipment
proposed for use, analysis
method and times of taking
measurements, etc.
9.0 Integrated Leakage Rate Test of
Containment System:
The Integrated Leakage Rate Test of the complete
Containment System shall be performed after the
Structural Integrity Test by Others.
9.1 After the Stmctural Integrity Test (by
Others), the system pressure shall be
reduced to 40 psig for a 48 h stabilization
period before repressurizing to the
pressure required for the integrated
leakage rate test.
9.2 The integrated leakage rate test will be
performed for a minimum elapsed time of
8 h after stabilization in accordance with
ANSI/ANS 56.8-1981, using the absolute
method.
9.3 Perform the integrated leakage rate test at
50 psig (±1 psig), to demonstrate that the
maximum allowable leakage rate, La,
does not exceed 0.1% in 24 h of the total
air mass at design pressure in the
containment system. The upper
confidence limit, plus required local
leakage rate additions, shall be less than
0.075% in 24 h. The requirements of
8.4.2 also apply.
35
9.4 Contractor shall provide the following:
9.4.1 Supervision of installation and
proper setup of test equipment.
9.4.2 Supervision and labor to inspect
the test equipment prior to test.
9.4.3 Supervision and labor to operate
and maintain test equipment
during test.
9.4.4 Supervision and labor to record
the test data.
9.4.5 Analysis of data and furnishing a
written report of the test.
9.5 All necessary equipment for the test as
follows:
9.5.1 Twenty resistance temperature
detector drybulb temperature
sensors with an accuracy of
±0.1 op and repeatability of
±0.01 °F.
9.5.2 Ten dewpoint sensors with an
accuracy of ±1 op and
repeatability of ±0.05 °F.
9.5.3 Conditioning circuitry for
dewpoint and drybulb
temperature sensors with remote
display resolution ofO.Ol °F for
drybulb temperatures and
0.05 °F for dewpoint
temperatures.
9.5.4 Two absolute pressure quartz
manometer gages with a range
of 0 to 100 psia, an accuracy of
±0.01% of reading, display
repeatability of 0.001% of full
scale and resolution of
0.001 psia. One sensor shall be a
standby for use in the event of
failure of the other.
9.5.5 Flow meter verification system
with a flow capacity of
10 standard cubic feet per
minute, an accuracy of ±1% of
full scale, display repeatability
and resolution of 0.1 standard
cubic feet per minute.
9.5.6 Data acquisition system with
interface for computer or tape
system.
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Sample Specifications

9.5.7 Line regulator isolation

transformer.

9.5.8 Necessary cabinet, internal

electrical cable, etc.

9 .5.9 Calibration equipment for

verifying the accuracy of each
sensing system.

9.6 In the event that an unacceptable leakage

rate results during the integrated leakage
rate test, it will be the responsibility of
others to locate and repair the
unacceptable leakage. An exception is
that any unacceptable leakage detected in
Contractor's work will be repaired by the
Contractor at no additional cost to the
Purchaser.

10.0 Documentation:
10.1 Contractor shall maintain the complete
documentation in a manner acceptable to
Purchaser's representative and the
Consulting Engineers.

10.2 Copies of documentation shall be certified

and submitted to Purchaser's
representative and ConSulting Engineers.

36
 Sample Specification Questions
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

The following questions, answers and references are 4. The leakage rate test of the personnel and emergency
based on the preceding sample specification. airlocks outlined in this sample specification are
classified as a:
I. To comply with this sample specification for the
integrated leakage rate test of the containment a. verification test.
system, the minimum number of dewpoint sensors b. Type A test.
that shall be used for the test is: c. Type B lest.
d. Type C test.
a. 3. Para. 8.4.2
b. 6.
c. 10.
d. such that no one sensor represents a volume 5. Following the completion of the structural integrity
fraction greater than 20%. test of the containment system in this sample
specification, before performing the integrated
Para. 8.1 and 9.5.2
leakage rate test the pressure shall be:

2. The instrumentation selection guide for the test a. reduced to less than 42.5 psig.
instrumentation for the integrated leakage rate test of b. reduced to 40 psig.
the containment system in this sample specification c. vented to atmosphere.
shall not exceed: d. stabilized at the existing pressure for at least 24 h
before starting the integrated leakage rate test.
a. 0.0187%/24 h. Para. 8.1 and 9.1
b. 0.025%/24 h.
c. 0.0125%/24 h.
d. 0.0375%/24 h. 6. During the integrated leakage rate test for the
containment system in this sample specification, the
Para. 9.2 and 9.3
test pressure shall not be permitted to fall below:

3. To comply with this sample specification, for the a. 40.0 psig.

integrated leakage rate test of the containment b. 42.5 psig.
system, the minimum number of drybulb temperature c. 45.0 psig.
sensors that shall be used for the test is: d. 49.0 psig.
Para. 9.2 and 9.3
a. 20.
b. 12.
c. 6. 7. The results of the integrated leakage rate test of the
d. such that no one sensor represents a volume containment system iri this sample specification shall
fraction greater than 5% during the test. be satisfactory if the upper confidence limit, plus
required local leakage rate additions, are less than:
Para. 8.1. and 9.5.1
a. 0.10%/24 h.
b. 0.05%/24 h.
C. 0.125%/24 h.
d. 0.075%/24 h.
Para. 9.2 and 9.3

37
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method, Sample Specification Questions

8. For the integrated leakage rate test of the 12. For the sample specification containment system
containment system in this sample specification, integrated leakage rate test test, if data is
the number of pressure sensors that must be in recorded every 0.25 h after stabilization, the test
operation on the system during the test shall be: shall last a minimum of:

a. at least one. a. 4.75 h.

b. at least two. b. 8 h.
c. no more than three. c. 12 h.
d. one at every 15.2 m (50ft) of elevation on the d. 24 h.
structure. Para. 9.2
Para. 9.2 and 9.5.4
13. Unless justified by a shorter duration test
9. In the sample specification containment system, technique, the pressure change leakage rate test
the internal air mass at test pressure during the for each air lock in this sample specification shall
integrated leakage rate test is about 8 000 000 ft3 have a test duration of not less than:
Even when sensors fail, during the test the
fractional air mass in standard cubic feet a. 0.25 h.
represented by each drybulb temperature sensor b. 2 h.
cannot exceed: c. 8 h.
d. 12 h.
a. 400 000 ft3. Para. 8.1 and 8.4.1
b. 500 000 ft3.
c. 800 000 ft3
d. 1 600 000 ft3. 14. For this sample specification containment
system, the flowmeter(s) used for the verification
Para. 8.1 and 9.2
test must have an accuracy of:

10. For the sample specification containment system, a. ±0.01 standard cubic feet per minute.
pressure stabilization for the integrated leakage b. ±0.1 standard cubic feet per minute.
rate test shall be considered achieved when the: c. ±2% of full scale.
d. ±!% of full scale.
a. pressure change in the previous 1 h does not Para. 8.1 and 9.5.5
exceed 0.01% P ac·
b. temperature gradient from the top to the
bottom of the system does not exceed 1 °F. 15. For the containment system in this sample
c. mean dewpoint temperature rate of change in specification, the pressure to which the systein is
the previous 4 h does not exceed 1 °F/l h. reduced following the structural integrity test
d. criterion for temperature stabilization has been must be held for a minimum of:
achieved.
a. 12 h.
Para. 9.2
b. 24 h.
c. 36 h.
11. Personnel who perform pressure change leakage d. 48 h.
rate testing per this sample specification must be Para. 8.1 and 9.1
qualified and certified in accordance with:

a. the Contractor's program written in

accordance with the guidelines of
SNT-TC-JA, ASME Section III Code and/or
the requirements of ANSI N45.2.6.
h. either SNT-TC-JA or ANSI N45.2.6 as
preferred by the Contractor.
c. the requirements of Regulatory Guide
IOCFR21.
d. the Contractor's requirements based on
extensive past experience.
Para. 7.1.2

38
 Sample Specification Answers
Pressure Change Measurement Testing Method

1 c 6 d 11 a

2 b 7 d 12 b

3 a 8 a 13 c

4 c 9 c 14 d

5 b 10 d 15 d

39