Ch.

26 Current and Resistance HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

Homework Chapter 26: Current and Resistance

26.16 Copper and aluminum are being considered for a high-voltage transmission line that must carry a current of 60.0 A.
3
,
respectively. Compute (a) the magnitude J of the current density and (b) the mass per unit length for a copper
cable and (c) J and (d) for an aluminum cable. Should be 2700 kg/m3

26.49 A 100 W lightbulb is plugged into a standard 120 V outlet. (a) How much does it cost per 31-day month to leave the
light turned on continuously? Assume electrical energy costs US$0.06/kW·h. (b) What is the resistance of the bulb?
(c) What is the current in the bulb?

Note: Today electricity costs closer to $0.11/kWh in Wisconsin, and it ranges from a low
of $0.075 in Louisiana to a high of $0.24 in Hawaii. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/state/
At $0.11/kWh the 100-W bulb would cost $8.18 to leave on all month.
On the other hand, 100-W incandescent bulbs are largely being replaced by 15-W LED
bulbs that would cost only $1.23 at $0.11/kWh.

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
26 p.1
Ch. 26 Current and Resistance HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

26.52 The current-density magnitude in a certain circular wire is J = (2.75 × 1010 A/m4)r2, where r is the radial distance out

converted to thermal energy in 1.00 h?

Should be 3600 s (1 hr)

26.67. A 500 W heating unit is designed to operate with an applied potential difference of 115 V. (a) By what percentage
will its heat output drop if the applied potential difference drops to 110 V? Assume no change in resistance. (b) If
you took the variation of resistance with temperature into account, would the actual drop in heat output be larger or
smaller than that calculated in (a)?

Calculus approach:
dP d V2 1 V
2V dP 2 dV Then the fractional power change is:
dV dV R R R
dP 2V dV 1 dV
2
2 should remind you of uncertainty P 2 V
P R V R V P V

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
26 p.2
Ch. 26 Current and Resistance HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

26.60. The chocolate crumb mystery. This story begins with Problem 60 in Chapter 23 and continues through Chapters 24
and 25. The chocolate crumb powder moved to the silo through a pipe of radius R with uniform speed v and uniform
charge density .
(a) Find an expression for the current i (the rate at which charge on the powder moved) through a perpendicular
cross section of the pipe.
(b) Evaluate i for the conditions at the factory: pipe radius R = 5.0 cm, speed v = 2.0 m/s, and charge density
= 1.1 × 10 3 C/m3.
If the powder were to flow through a change V in electric potential, its energy could be transferred to a spark at the
rate P = iV.
(c) Could there be such a transfer within the pipe due to the radial potential difference discussed in Problem 70 of
Chapter 24?
As the powder flowed from the pipe into the silo, the electric potential of the powder changed. The magnitude of
that change was at least equal to the radial potential difference within the pipe (as evaluated in Problem 70 of
Chapter 24).
(d) Assuming that value for the potential difference and using the current found in (b) above, find the rate at which
energy could have been transferred from the powder to a spark as the powder exited the pipe.
(e) If a spark did occur at the exit and lasted for 0.20 s (a reasonable expectation), how much energy would have
been transferred to the spark? Recall from Problem 60 in Chapter 23 that a minimum energy transfer of 150 mJ
is needed to cause an explosion.
(f) Where did the powder explosion most likely occur: in the powder cloud at the unloading bin (Problem 60 of
Chapter 25), within the pipe, or at the exit of the pipe into the silo?

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
26 p.3
Ch. 27 Circuits HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

Homework Chapter 27: Circuits

27.10 (a) In Fig. 27-28, what value must R have if the current in the circuit
is to be 1.0 mA? Take E1 = 2.0 V, E 2 = 3.0 V, and r1 = r2
(b) What is the rate at which thermal energy appears in R?
Loop rule, counterclockwise from lower right corner:
i r2 E2 E1 i r1 i R 0
E2 E1 i R i r1 i r2
E2 E1
R r1 r2
i

27.16
) emf of the
solar cell? (c) The area of the cell is 5.0 cm2, and the rate per unit area at which it receives energy from light is
2.0 mW/cm2
resistor? Real solar cells do not have a constant internal resistance as suggested by this
problem. The nonlinear internal resistance due to the semiconductor material
allows them to be more efficient than this problem implies.

V2 V1
V1 R1 V2 R2
V2 V1
V1 0.10 0.20 V
1 VV12 RR12

( )2

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27 p.4
Ch. 27 Circuits HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

27.33 In Fig. 27-44, the current in resistance 6 is i6 = 1.40 A and the resistances are R1 = R2 = R3 R4
R5 R6 ?

Although the above is the simplest way to find the battery emf, this question could
also be good practice for determining equivalent resistance. Resistors R5 and R6 are
in series, making a 8.00 4.00 12.00 resistor in parallel with R4 . Hence
1
1 1
R456 6.857 . This resistor is in series with R2 and the
12.00 16.0
1
1 1
pair are in parallel with R3 : R23456 1.632 .
6.857 2.00 2.00
Finally, that resistance is in series with R1 to make Req 1.632 2.00 = 3.63 .
Using the i1 13.3 A result above, the emf is E i1 Req 13.3 A 3.63 48.3 V

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
27 p.5
Ch. 27 Circuits HRW10 End-of-chapter problems
i2 i3
27.36 In Fig. 27-47, E 1 = 6.00 V, E 2 = 12.0 V, R1
R2 = 2 and R3
(V = 0). What are the (a) size and (b) direction (up or down) of the
current through resistance 1, the (c) size and (d) direction
(left or right) of the current through resistance 2, and the i1
(e) size and (f) direction of the current through resistance 3?
(g) What is the electric potential at point A?

Here is the algebra the solution manual skips:

E1 i3 R1
E1 i2 R1 R2 i3 R1 0 i2
R1 R2
E2 i3 R1 R3 i2 R1 0 now substitute for i2 :
E1 i3 R1
E2 i3 R1 R3 R1 0
R1 R2
R12 R1
i3 R1 R3 i3 E1 E2
R1 R2 R1 R2
R1 100
E1 E2 6V 12 V
R1 R2 300 10 V
i3 0.0273 A
R
1
2
100
2
110, 000
R1 R3 400
R1 R2 300 300
E1 i3 R1 6V 0.0273 A 100
i2 0.0109 A and i1 i2 i3 0.0382 A
R1 R2 300

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
27 p.6
Ch. 27 Circuits HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

27.54 When the lights of a car are switched on, an ammeter in series with them reads 10.0 A and a
voltmeter connected across them reads 12.0 V (Fig. 27-60). When the electric starting motor is
turned on, the ammeter reading drops to 8.00 A and the lights dim somewhat. If the internal

of the battery and (b) the current through the starting motor when the lights are on?

27.58 In an RC series circuit, emf E = 12.0 V, resistance R C = 1.80 F. (a) Calculate the time
constant. (b) Find the maximum charge that will appear on the capacitor during charging. (c) How long does it take
for the charge to build up to 16.0 C?

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
27 p.7
Ch. 27 Circuits HRW10 End-of-chapter problems

27.62 Figure 27-64 shows the circuit of a flashing lamp, like those attached to barrels
at highway construction sites. The fluorescent lamp L (of negligible capacitance)
is connected in parallel across the capacitor C of an RC circuit. There is a current
through the lamp only when the potential difference across it reaches the breakdown
voltage VL; then the capacitor discharges completely through the lamp and the lamp
flashes briefly. For a lamp with breakdown voltage VL = 72.0 V, wired to a 95.0 V
ideal battery and a 0.150 F capacitor, what resistance R is needed for two flashes
per second?

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portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
27 p.8