NAME OF THE COURSE: ENERGY EFFICIENT DESIGN AND GREEN ARCHITECTURE

INSTRUCTER: AR. SHILPA JENA COURSE CREDIT: 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES: To acquaint the students with fundamental knowledge of energy efficient design and green architecture. d
LECTURE NO.- 01
SUMMARY: SUSTAINABLE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES
LECTURE OUTLINE: Introduction to the ideas, issues and concepts of sustainable
development
INTRODUCTION
1. SUSTAINABILITY: The process of maintaining change in a balanced environment, in which the exploitation
of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development and institutional
change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet human needs and
aspirations.
Three dimensions of sustainability
A diagram indicating the relationship between the "three pillars of sustainability", in which both economy
and society are constrained by environmental limits.
Social Sustainability is the ability of a social system, such as a country, family, or organization, to function at a
defined level of social well-being and harmony
Problems like war, endemic poverty, widespread injustice, and low education rate are symptoms of a
system that is socially unsustainable
◆ Social equity, liveability, health equity, community development, social capital, social support, human
rights, labour rights, placemaking, social responsibility, social justice, cultural competence, community
resilience, and human adaptation.
◆ Most importantly is awareness of land legislation ◆ protection of the health of people from pollution
and other harmful activities of business and other organisations
◆ It is also about maintaining access to basic resources without compromising the quality of life.
◆ The biggest hot topic for many people right now is sustainable housing and how we can better build
the homes we live in from sustainable material.
◆ The final element is education
Economic sustainability refers to practices that support long-term economic growth without negatively
impacting social, environmental, and cultural aspects of the community.

◆ Long-term economic sustainability concerns the present and future value of natural resources, like
drinking water, as well as products, investments, consumption, markets and the global economy
◆ to create long-term sustainable values by optimal use, recovery and recycling.
◆ conserve finite natural resources for future generations
◆ Ways for long term economic growth
◆ Continuous flow of resources
◆ Continuous flow of Building materials throughout the building‘s lifespan
◆ This flow should be in harmony with human well being
◆ After a building’s-life span it should turn into components of other building
◆ Effective use of every material in the site, and proper logical cost of construction

Environmental Sustainability is the ability of the environment to support a defined level of environmental
quality and natural resources
◆ Environmental protection is the third pillar and the primary concern being the future of
humanity, it defines how we should study and protect ecosystems, air quality, integrity and
sustainability of our resources, focusing on the elements that stress on the environment.
◆ to protect the environment, reducing, reusing and recycling are the keys.
◆ Eg. our power consumption by switching electronic devices off rather than using standby, by
walking short journeys instead of taking the bus. Businesses are regulated to prevent
pollution and to keep their own carbon emissions low.
◆ There are incentives to installing renewable power sources in our homes and businesses. It
also concerns how technology will drive our greener future;
◆ responsible interaction with the environment to avoid depletion or degradation of natural
resources
◆ allow for long-term environmental quality.
◆ Policies to ensure the environment does not deteriorate.

Sustainable development is the idea that human societies must live and meet their needs without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. These principles are for the profit of
people and planet.

ISSUES FACED BY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT presents clear risks, because

evidence is mounting that:
(a) The impact of climate change threatens to escalate in the absence of adequate safeguards and there is a
need to promote the integrated and sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystems and
take mitigation and adaptation action in keeping with the principle of common but differentiated
responsibilities;
(b) Hunger and malnourishment, continues to be an unachievable goal
(c) Income inequality within and among many countries has been rising invoking the spectre of heightened
tension and social conflict;
(d) Rapid urbanization, especially in developing countries, as well as substantial increases of public and
private investments in urban infrastructure and services calls for major changes in the way in which urban
development is designed and managed,
(e) Energy needs are likely to remain unmet for hundreds of millions of house- holds, unless significant
progress in ensuring access to modern energy services is achieved;
(f) Recurrence of financial crises needs to be prevented and the financial system has to be redirected towards
promoting access to long-term financing for in- vestments required to achieve sustainable development.

The Millennium Development Goals

were eight international development goals for the year 2015 that had been established following the
Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000. The United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed in
September 2000 commits world leaders to combat poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental
degradation, and discrimination against women. The MDGs are derived from this Declaration, and all have
specific targets and indicators. The Eight Millennium Development Goals are:
• to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger;
• to achieve universal primary education;
• to promote gender equality and empower women;
• to reduce child mortality;
• to improve maternal health;
• to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases;
• to ensure environmental sustainability; and
• to develop a global partnership for development.
Shortcomings inadequate resources, lack of focus and accountability, and insufficient interest
Sustainable Development: Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainable Development Goals
The Sustainable United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro in 2012 laid down
seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to encounter the urgent environmental, economic and
political challenges being faced by the world. Seventeen goals were set: to end poverty; zero hunger; quality
education; gender equality; clean water and sanitation; affordable and clean energy; decent work and
economic growth; industry innovation and infrastructure; reduced inequalities; sustainable cities and
communities; responsible consumption and production; climate action; life below water; life on land; peace,
justice and strong institutions and partnership for the goals.
SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in
the design of the built environment. The idea of sustainability, or ECOLOGICAL DESIGN, is to ensure that our
actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
GREEN ARCHITECTURE is a sustainable method of green building design: it is design and construction with the
environment in mind. Green architecture, or green design, is an approach to building that minimizes harmful
effects on human health and the environment. The "green" architect or designer attempts to safeguard air,
water, and earth by choosing eco-friendly building materials and construction practices.
 Green architects generally work with the key concepts of creating an energy efficient,
environmentally friendly house.
 It is also known as Eco-Design Architecture / Eco-Friendly Architecture/ Earth- friendly Architecture
/ Environmental Architecture etc.
 A similar concept is natural building, which is usually on a smaller scale and tends to focus on the
use of natural materials that are available locally

GREEN BUILDING (also known as green construction or sustainable building) refers to both a structure and
the using of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout
a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and
demolition. In other words, green building design involves finding the balance between homebuilding and the
sustainable environment. The Green Building practice expands and complements the classical building design
concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort.
The common objective of green buildings is to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human
health and the natural environment ( reduce carbon footprint )by:
FEATURES OF GREEN BUILDINGS:
There are two major design features that are to be incorporated while designing a green building.
a) Active Process- This implies the use of equipments that work on renewable resources and help in
conservation of natural and non-renewable resources. Ex : Use of Solar Photovoltaic Panels, Wind
Energy etc
 b) Passive Process- they are design features that are to be incorporated into a building so that it
requires use of lesser energy resources by the users of the building along with maintaining
comfortable lifestyle. Ex : Use of thick walls , High ceilings etc

BENEFITS OF GREEN BUILDING

Green Buildings can have tremendous benefits,

Environmental benefit:
1. Conservation of scarce national resources
2. Energy savings upto 20 – 30 %
3. Water savings upto 30 – 50%
4. Waste reduction
5. Temperature moderation
6. eliminate negative environmental impact
7. improve existing unsustainable design
8. Enhanced air quality
9. Excellent day lighting

Social benefits
1. Improved Health & well-being of the occupants
2. Improved lifestyle
3. Improved recreation

Economic benefits
1. Enhancement of marketability for the project / resale
2. increase property value
3. improves employee performance
4. taking advantage of renewable resources e.g. active solar, passive solar, photo-voltaic techniques
5. reduced consumption of man-made energy.
6. Reduced operational cost
7. Use of renewable energy through solar power, wind power, hydro power, or biomass can significantly
reduce the environmental impact of the building.