MANUAL
Right control lever (“off”
TRANSMISSION
GUIDE
(Stick shift)
PRELIMINARY
(TIPS & PARTS)
I. Guide when driving a manual
automobile
 CC: Coordination + Concentration
(road thru windows & mirrors) +
Lakas ng Loob
 Kapag kinakabahan: Relax (breath
kapag mahirap)
II. Parts of a car: Modified depending on
the car
1. Steering wheel (Manibela)-Malaking
butas ang nasa itaas palagi
 Proper position of hand (relaxed):
10:10 (alternately grab at 12, release
at 10 with opposite hand) or 9:3
(preferred with used hand)
 Hand-over-hand or Pull-push
technique (preferred)
 Horn to show your existence 1x
Levers (operate with ignition on):
A. Left control lever: Lights
including headlight and taillight (“off”
recommended)
a. Turn “signals” (right sa
taas; left sa baba)-Madalas gamitin
b. Low beam (normal light
pull); high beam (when no one is
around push with blue sign)
c. Hazard light (not in the
lever): “Red triangle” to warn that
your vehicle is or will have a
problem, i.e. emergency parking,
emergency driving and backing
(note: or kapag nag-stall)
d. Fog light: For poor
visibility and with low beam light
e. Brake light: Automatic
kapag naka-brake
f. Park light
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B.
recommended to avoid scratching of
windshield): Wiper and washer
a. Wiper: (i) Intermittent high
or low with speed option and (ii) Mist
(ambon)
b. Washer: Pull towards you
 If moved up from “off” button
momentarily will operate the wiper
once.
2. Pedals – ABC
A. Clutch: Para sa start, stop & shift
Laging MADIIN ang TAPAK/PRESS to
“disengage”; DAHAN-DAHAN
PAGTANGGAL (unless gear 2-onwards) to
“engage” kundi titigil aka “stalling”
 Do not be a “clutch rider”. You’ll
burn the clutch lining (in short, wag
masyadong matagal sa clutch with
gas!)
 Mas malayo kapag press ang clutch
pedal kaysa sa iba.
 Hindi gagalaw/matigas si steering
wheel & gear kung hindi naka-clutch
B. Brake (Preno): Para sa stop &
slow down
DAHAN-DAHAN ang TAPAK palagi
kundi mabibigla (half brake to full brake)
 2 ways to stop; 2 ways to slow
down/downshift
C. Accelerator/Gas (Silinyador):
Dapat TIP lang ng paa (1500-2000 RPM
lang palagi kahit anong speed)
 Gamitin lang ang gas kapag “clear”
ang daan.
 For the right pedals, just shift your
right foot swiftly (\ /)
3. Gear (Kambyo para sa arangkada): 1
(primera to start/stop, uphill/downhill,
parking/maneuvering and turning* only), 2
(segunda), 3 (tercera), 4 (cuarta) 5 (quinta)
& reverse.
 Engine  Transmission (where the
gear is located)  Wheels
  The gears (with the help of gas) III. Top 5 to check (in order):
make the car faster. 1. Upuan (sa ilalim): Depending on your
 Floor shift or column shift reach sa pedal
 Lower gear=Strong; Higher 2. Sandalan (sa gilid): Gamitin ang wrist
gear=Fast para makapag-steer ng mabuti
3. Mirrors (sa loob): 90% sa daan; 10% sa
4. Dashboard (Tachometer runs with sasakyan
speedometer) 4. Seatbelt: Huwag biglain dahil hindi
A. Speedometer gagalaw
B. Tachometer or “RPM” (see arrow 5. Additional: Headrest dapat mas mataas in
in “fuel gauge” to check where the “gas case ng accident
tank” is)
 Sa “door”, dahan-dahan lang ang
 Dashboards camera or “dashcam” sa pagsasara dahil masisira ang rubber.
windshield May “childlocks” rin ito sa gilid.

5. Handbrake or e-brake (emergency-

brake): Pulled up, engaged; Pulled down,
released ACTUAL DRIVING
PROCEDURES
 Pindutin ng madiin bago galawin
 Friend mo sa hanging I. Starting (straight & uphill)
II. Stopping
6. Mirrors III. Hanging (uphill & downhill)
A. 2 side mirrors (driver’s and IV. Shifting gear
passenger’s): Dito palaging tumingin V. Left and Right turning
B. 1 rearview mirror VI. Traffic situation
VII. Parking (diagonal, perpendicular and
 Make sure kung may dumadaan sa parallel)
gilid o wala. VIII. Backing
IX. Maneuvering (U-turn, K-turn and Y-
7. Sun visor turn)-Maniobra

8. Glove box Steering wheel (Rule of thumb: Estimate

distance & speed always)
9. Compartment (sa likod) 1. 1/8 - estimation (if kulang): If lane
correction or overtaking
10. Bumpers (front and rear) 2. ¼ turn to ½ turn or 1 turn - 1 ½ turn
(according to space): If turning (mas
11. Hood (under the hood, “engine”) maganda kung naka-turn na agad steering
wheel kung naka-tigil)
12. Muffler with exhaust pipe (or 3. Full: If maneuvering & parking (wag
tambutso) ibabalik habang nagmu-move)
4. Turn direction  Ibalik  Turn
13. Aircon, aircon vents, thermostat, direction  Ibalik: From parallel parking
stereo, etc. (maluwag)

14. Tires (including “spare tire”)
15. Ignition switch (Right: Ignition; Below:
Off)
16. Chassis (Skeleton of car)
17. Radiator (aircon)
o Rotation first: Kung hindi sigurado
sa distance
o 2 turns back: Kung 2 or more turns
sa steering wheel
o Speed=Steering wheel (kadalasan
mabagal lang)
I. STARTING (STRAIGHT & UPHILL)
 Preliminary Procedures:

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 o Neutral (move it)  Ignition 3 secs. 2. 10 KPH above (regardless of the gear):
o Kapag namatay: Clutch  Ignition Dagdagan lang ng slow down
Half brake muna (slow down to 10 kph first)
1. Straight road  Clutch down + Half brake to full brake
a. Clutch down
b. 1st gear  If you like to park, neutral gear +
c. Release the handbrake engage handbrake
d. Release clutch slowly/half/steady Gas  Mas mataas ang half brake kaysa
(Footrest) clutch
 Kapag mga PUVs, mas malaki space
 Technique: Release clutch habang nagsasakay
slowly/half/steady  gas (i-angat
lang ng kaunti ang clutch)  3. Slowing down (e.g. humps 1 st to 2nd
Release clutch full gear, may dadaan, may nakaharang pero
‘di traffic, etc.): 2 ways:
2. Uphill or Downhill (flyover, tulay, etc.): a. Half brake; or
To check, release brake b. Release gas
A. Method 1: Professional Method
(Quick) [Habang clutch + brake] Quickly III. HANGING (UPHILL &
shift foot from brake  gas (then release DOWNHILL): Concentrate on the type of
clutch slowly) road
1. Uphill: 1st gear para malakas kapit + gas
B. Method 2: “Clutch + Brake”
(Standard/Bumper-to-Bumper) o Kung huminto, see above for starting
a. Clutch down + Brake procedure
b. 1st gear
c. Release handbrake 2. Downhill: 1st gear + no gas (gagalaw
d.. Release clutch slowly/half/steady  dahil sa gravity)
Release brake  Release clutch full  Gas
(Footrest) o Alalay sa brake (engine brake)

 Kapag hindi kaya: Release clutch IV. SHIFTING GEAR

slowly/half/steady  Release brake  Cup-like para magalaw ang kambyo
 gas (i-angat lang ng kaunti ang
clutch)  Release clutch full  No half clutch release for 2nd-5th
gears pero dapat swabe pa rin (kaya
C. Method 3: “Clutch Only Method” (if mas madali ito kumpara sa 1st gear)
gumagalaw pa rin sa traffic): Balance
a. Kung gagalaw: Release clutch (little)  Wag na paabutin ng maximum limit
b. Kung hihinto: Press clutch (little) kundi manginginig/hininto ang kotse,
kailangan ng baguhin
D. Method 4: “Clutch + Handbrake
Method” (Steep hanging)  You can change gear habang
a. [Habang clutch + brake] Engage nakaapak sa brake.
handbrake
b. Release clutch slowly/half/steady  Gas  Pataas=Follow the number;
c. [If moving] Release handbrake Pababa=Pwede skip (e.g. 5th gear to
(Footrest) neutral when stopping then start
again; 5th gear to 2nd gear on sudden
drop of speed)
II. STOPPING: Ask what speed?
 1500-2000 RPM lang kahit anong
GR: Neutral  half brake (slow down) 
gear palagi.
clutch then brake (stop)
2nd - 15 KPH
1. 10 KPH below (regardless of the gear):
3rd - 30 KPH
Clutch down + Half brake to full brake

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 4th - 50 KPH
5th - 60 KPH to 100 KPH
1. To change up: Clutch at Gas lang
nagpapalitan (Clutch Down-No Gas-
Change Gear)
-Press gas
2. Downshift (e.g. slowing down at any
situation such as traffic or stoplight)
-Half brake; or
-Release gas
V. LEFT AND RIGHT TURNING: Lagi
lang mabagal (primera or segunda)
3 Pointers: 30 meters (10 cars before you)
1. Correct lane (swerving): 1 meter from the
post or edge of the island unless kung may
naka-park sa gilid
2. Signal right or left (1/4 turn babalik ang
lever): Kapag right, 2 lanes
3. Tumingin muna sa paligid (“Right of
Way”)
 Laging bantayan overtaking
motorcycles or mag-overtake lang
kapag may mga motorcycles or
bicycles
 Controlled intersections (traffic
lights, etc.); Uncontrolled
intersections = Follow “right of
way” or pagbigyan ang mas nauna sa
intersection; taong tumatawid;
emergencies; etc. Analyze the flow)
 Stop lights: YUNG NASA HARAP
MO LANG. Kung nalilito ka, follow
the others. Minsan may arrow.
Minsan wala. Kapag wala, just wait.
Kapag naka-red, minsan pwede mag-
turn kapag walang cars.
1. Kung nakatigil: Clutch + Brake turn
 turn pabalik (1/8 position of car to full)
2. Kung gumagalaw: Gas  turn  turn
pabalik (1/8 position of car to full)
VI. TRAFFIC SITUATIONS: Follow
starting and stopping procedures
Brake=Gulong (bago mag-stop)
Plate number (Pagka-stop)
1. Titigil: Follow applicable stopping
procedure
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2. Gagalaw ulit: Follow applicable starting
procedure (kaunting angat lang)
3. Kapag nangawit: Handbrake + Neutral
 starting procedure, top 4 (kung gagalaw
ulit)
 Stoplight: Kung ano lang ang
nakaharap sa iyo. Bilisan kung
kailangan.
VII. BACKING: Mahalaga yung sa likod
(kung may dadaan o tatama sa gutter)
 Suggested: Left hand (12 o’clock
position); Right body (nakatingin sa
likod); Buksan ang mirror (kung
hindi talaga makita)
 Huwag malito! Analyze! Right
direction=Right steering wheel (full);
Left direction=Left steering wheel
(full)
 Kung “pataas” ang harap o likod,
follow starting procedure for uphill.
Reverse on flat surface
Mirror
1. Tapakan ang “clutch”
2. Reverse
3. Release clutch ng kaunting-kaunti (pag
medyo bumilis, tapakan ulit ang clutch)
4. Follow stop procedures (pag may tao sa
likod)
Pointers for Maneuvering & Parking:
1. Analyze road (flat or hanging): Kapag
pataas ang harap at likod, follow hanging
procedure.
2. Look at the sides carefully
3. Kaunting taas lang ng clutch
4. Back to normal position after the steps
VIII. PARKING (diagonal, perpendicular
and parallel): Park sa maluwag to walang
kotse at all (avoid “double parking”)
1. Parallel (pinakamahirap): Laging nasa
right side of the road
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2. Perpendicular | | |
3. Diagonal / / /
A. Parallel Parking: Estimate  Right-
Normal-Left  Adjust (Paglabas: Reverse
Right-First gear Left)
a. Estimate first the distance. Car to stop
parallel to the car in front (only from back
bumper: imaging may nakatayong tao sa
gitna for distance)
b. (Reverse) Right-Normal-Left
Reverse
b.1 45 degrees (right)
b.2 Normal position (2 wheels back)
b.3 If your “hood” and the “rear bumper” ng
nasa unahan na car aligned, reverse to the
corresponding direction (left) --- look for the
lane para sure kung pantay
c. I-adjust (tingnan yung mirror kung
pantay)
 Kung lalabas, reverse-right-
left
B. Perpendicular Parking:
a. Paharap
i. Papunta: Your mirror nakatapat sa dulo ng
line kung saan magpapark.
ii. Paalis: Reverse your head light to other’s
tail light Turn reverse direction
Right (reverse)-Left (1st gear)
3. K-turn (3-pt. turn)
Left (1st gear)-Right (Reverse)-Left (1st gear
kahit hindi full)
 Kapag ayaw maneuvering, umikot na
lang (although pwede mas matagalan
kasi traffic).
NIGHTTIME DRIVING
Reminders:
1. Extra caution!!! Visibility
2. Use lights (with park lights)
-Low beam (kapag may kasalubong na
car)
-High beam as indicated by “blue light”
(kapag walang kasalubong na car)
3. If incoming car uses high-beam light: (a)
Use high beam too to signal or (b) do not
look at it. Look at the other way.

b. Palikod 4. For other signaling purposes: 2x high

i. Papunta: Your mirror nakatapat sa dulo ng beam lights
line kung saan magpapark.
ii. Paalis: Reverse your window half 
Turn to right direction

C. Diagonal Parking:
Wala sa Pilipinas. Sa maluluwag na bansa
lang.

 I-adjust ang mirror pagka-

park para hindi matamaan.

IX. MANEUVERING or “Maniobra”

(According to how narrow the road is: K-
turn  Y-turn): Kapag kailangan
bumalik/lumabas and uses a lot of backing
procedure

1. U-turn:
-Always left turn (laging nasa gilid ng
road=avoid this kung hindi naman
dadaanan)
-Marker: Poste sa mirror or dulo ng island sa
mirror

2. Y-turn (2-pt. turn): Tumapat sa dulo ng

island muna

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