© IJARW | ISSN (O) - 2582-1008

September 2020 | Vol. 2 Issue. 3

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DESIGN CALCULATION OF OVERHEAD WATER TANK USING

MANUAL METHOD
Abdul Qayyum Ansari1, Jitesh Chourasia2, Prof. Manoj Deosarkar3, Prof.Arya Geetha4,
Rishab Gupta5, Shahid Shaikh6
Department of Civil Engineering, Dr D Y Patil School Of Engineering and Technology, Pune, India

ABSTRACT
Overhead tank is an important and very common public utility structure. Water tank is a structure
used to store water for supplying to households as drinking purpose, for industries as a coolant and
irrigational water for agricultural farming in some areas. Water tanks are classified on bases of their
shapes and position of structure. Storage reservoirs and overhead tank are used to store water. All
tanks are designed as crack free structures to eliminate any leakage. The principle objective of this
paper is to plan and design a Circular Overhead Tank of 25 lakh litres capacity for khadki region. In
this paper all structural elements of circular water tank are designed.
Keyword: Circular water tank, Overhead
1. INTRODUCTION shear and bendingstresses are found to be less in
case of circular tanks than remaining other
Elevated tanks are supported on staging which designs and theshapes of water tanks plays vital
may consist of masonry walls, R.C.C. columns role in the stress distribution and overall
braced together. The walls are subjected to water economy. Byusing Staad pro, the results obtained
pressure. The base has to carry load of water and will be very accurate than conventional results. In
tank load. The staging has to carry load of water Underground tank, Uplift pressure plays
and tanks. The staging is also designed for wind predominant role in design which is caused
forces.. NBKR Institute of Science and Technology bysurrounding soil on outside walls of tank. The
(NBKRIST) is an autonomous engineering college shape of the tanks plays predominant role in the
established in 1979 located at Vidyanagar, Kota design of overhead and underground water tanks.
mandal, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. It was Usage of Staad pro in design givesaccurate results
established in the year 1979 under the for shear force and bending moment than
stewardship of former chief minister Sri. N. convenient method.
Janardhana Reddy. The College is the second
oldest of all the private Engineering Colleges in [2] Miss. Neha S. Vanjari, Krutika. M. Sawant,
undivided Andhra Pradesh. It was proposed to Prashant S. Sisodiya,(7 July2017)had done the
construct a over head circular water tank of 15 “DESIGN OF CIRCULAR OVERHEAD WATER
lakh capacity and to provide quality drinking TANK” This paper gives an overall designing
water to all around the NBKRIST College campus procedure of an overhead circular intze tank using
working state method from IS 3370:2009.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW Elevated water tanks provide head for supply of
[1] Mr. ManojNallanathel, Mr. B. Ramesh, Mr. L. water. When water has to be pumped into the
Jagadeesh had done the “DESIGN AND ANALYSIS distribution system at high heads without any
OF WATER TANKS USING STAAD PRO” This paper pumps for supply however pumps are necessary
includes the study of Design of water tank both for pumping only till tank is filled. Once it is stored
overhead and underground tank of shapes in tank the gravity creates the pressure for free,
rectangular, square and circular shapes the paper unlike pumps. We need pressurized water to
includes the study of shape deflections and the fledge and make taps ejectwater at an appropriate
actions produced when the tank is empty or full rate. Elevated tanks do not require continuous
using STAAD PRO is discussed.From these designs operation of pump, as it will not affect the
it is showed that corner stresses and maximum distribution system since the pressure is
maintained by gravity. Strategic location of tank

IJARW1355 International Journal of All Research Writings 27


can equalize water pressure in the distribution
system
[3] The pressure of water flowing out of an
elevated tank depends upon the depth of the
water in tank .A nearly empty tank probably will
not provide enough pressure while a completely
full tank may provide too much pressure the
optimal pressure is achieved at only one
depth.While elevated tank provide can provide the
best pressure, they are far more expensive and
generally, it is used where supply is high demand
Elevated circular water tanks with large capacity
and flat bottom needs large reinforcement at the
ring beams. To overcome this in intze tank, by
providing a conical bottom and another spherical
bottom reduces the stresses in ring beams. Intze
tank is more economical for high capacity
reducing the steel requirement.
[4] Ms. Pranjali N. Dhage, 2-Mr. Mandar M. Joshi
(April 2017)PankajLaddhad Institute of
Technology and Management Studies,
BuldanaFrom above mentioned detailed study and
analysis some of the conclusions can be made as
follows For same capacity, same geometry, same
height, with same staging system, in the same
Zone, with same Importance Factor & response
reduction factor; response by Equivalent Static
Method to Dynamic method differ considerably. It
also state that even if we consider two cases for
same capacity of tank, change in geometric
features of a container can show the considerable
change in the response of elevated water tank. At
the same time Static response shows high scale
values that of the Dynamic response. It happens
due to the different picks of time periods and
hydrodynamic factors are ignored during the
analysisthey will affect vigorously and collapse of
the structure can takes place.
[5] Design and Analysis of a Water Tank
GouravPattanaik1 Prof. Sagarika Panda2M.Tech
Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering,
Centurion Institute of Technology, India Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering, Centurion
Institute of Technology, IndiaIn a water tank
design and analysis increase in live load causes
1) DESIGN DATA:
Capacity
Staging
IJARW1355 International Journal of All Research Writings
© IJARW | ISSN (O) - 2582-1008
September 2020 | Vol. 2 Issue. 3
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failure of beams and columns.So it can be clearly
observed that increase in live load causes failurein
the structure.
[6] Planning Analysis And Design Of Over Head
Circular Water Tank In N.B.K.R.I.S.T. Using Stad
Pro Software Arunkumar, O Sriramulu, N
VenkateswarluThe proposed tank in NBKRIST
College campus designed in STAAD Pro software •
Design of tank is safe from the software design
with respect to loads applied. For small capacities
we go for rectangular water tanks while for bigger
capacities we provide circular water tanks. Since
our proposed tank is of 12lakh capacity we had
Planned analyzed and designed the circular over
head tank in STAAD Pro softwareDesign of water
tank is a very tedious method.
[7]Analysis Of Circular And Rectangular Overhead
Watertank (March 2014)Hemishkumar Patel, Dr.
JayeshkumarPitrodaTotal water load in
Rectangular tank is slightly higher than water load
in circular tank A hoop tension force for Circular
tank is lower compare to Rectangular tank for
higher capacity. An axial force in column due to
total water load in Circular tank is lower compare
to Rectangular tank for higher capacity.Software
results compare to IS code calculation is higher.
[8] Design and Analysis of Overhead Water Tank
at Phule Nagar, AmbernathSagarMhamunkar,
MayurSatkar, DipeshPulaskar, Nikhil Khairnar,
ReetikaSharan.Elevated circular water tank with
large capacity and flat bottom needs large
reinforcement at the ring beam, to overcome this
in intze tank, by providing a conical bottom and
another spherical bottom reduces the stresses in
ring beams. intze tank is more economical for high
capacity reducing the steel requirement. Per
capita demand has been calculated which helped
us, to know about the water consumption in
residential area and further helped in design the
tank. Limit state method was found to be most
economical for design of water tank as the
quantity of steel and concrete needed is less as
compare to working stress method.After manual
design and analysis in staad pro our structure is
safe.
3.STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF RCC
V = 2500 KL
S = 15 m
28
 © IJARW | ISSN (O) - 2582-1008
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SBC of soil q = 230 KN/m2

Depth of foundation df = 3.00 m
2) PIPE SIZE:
Inlet = 400 mm
Outlet = 450 mm
Overflow = 450 mm
Washout = 200 mm
Dead storage water column ds = 150 mm
Free board from beam bottom fb = 300 mm
Ground level (G.L) = +14.50 m
Low water level LWL = +29.650 m
Max water level MWL = +34.800 m
Live load on top dome Ld = 1500 N/m2
Live load on balcony and staircase Lbs 6 = 1500 N/m2
Grade of concrete fck = M30 N/m2
Nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate = 20 mm
Grade of steel fy = 500 N/m2
3) DIMENSIONS:
WATER TANK
No.of columns in inner dia N = 8 Nos
Centre to centre inner dia of columns Dd = 6 m
No.of columns in middle diameter N = 16 Nos
Centre to centre middle dia of columns Dd = 12 m
No.of columns in outer diameter N = 16 Nos
Centre to centre outer dia of columns Dd =6 18 m
Top dome
Rise h1 = 5.m
Thickness t1 = 150 mm
Bottom slab
Rise h2 = 0.00m
Thickness t2 = 720 mm
Inner top roof ring beam
Width bi1 = 550 mm
Depth di1 = 400 mm

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 © IJARW | ISSN (O) - 2582-1008
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Inner botto6m ring beam

Width bi2 = 400 mm
Depth di2 = 830 mm
Middle bottom6 ring beam
Width bi2 = 400 mm
Depth di2 = 830 mm
Outer ring beam
Width bi2 = 400 mm
Depth di2 = 830 mm
Inner Dimensions of Submerged Column
No.of columns = 16 Nos
Circular column DO = 300 mm
Dimensions of Inner Annular Roof Slab
Thickness tia = 150 mm
Length Lia = 5 m
Centre to centre outer dia of columns Do = 18.00m Vertical wall
Thickness
at top t3 = 200 mm
Thickness
at bottom t4 = 300 mm
Balcony
Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 150 mm
VOLUME CALCULATION OF WATER TANK:
Dia of outer row columns = 18 m
Dia of inner row column = 6m
Radius of inner row columns ri = 3m
Rise of bottom dome h2 = 0 m
No of columns supporting middle dia = 16 Nos
Effective water depth H = 5.150 m
Average thickness of side wall = 250 mm
Inner diameter of container at top = 17.80 m
Inner diameter of container at bottom = 17.70 m

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HOOP TENSION = 0.1043

0.1043<8.5 ……OK
DESIGN: Provide minimum reinforcement
DETAIL OF DESIGN
GIVEN POPULATION: - 78684 STEP 2: - DESIGN OF TOP RING BEAM
HEIGHT OF TANK: - 5m IT IS DESIGNED FOR HOOP TENSION
CAPACITY: - 2500 m3 W1=T1CosƟ =41.76*0.724
SOLUTION =30.23KN/ m
STEP 1: - DESIGN OF DOME Total Hoop Tension in beam
1. MERIDIONAL FORCE =w*D/2=377.875KN
T1 = W X R / 1+CosƟ Ast for hoop tension =T/σst =2519.16mm2
W=4 Assume 16mm diameter @75mm c/c
R = 18.125 Diameter of ring beam:-
Ɵ = 43.60 σct= 𝑇/(𝐴𝑔 + (𝑚 − 1)𝐴𝑠𝑡)
CosƟ = 0.724 D=550mm
T1 = 41.76 KN/M Provide min shear R/F
MERIDIONAL STRESS = T1 /(1000*100) 8mm Ф4legged vertical stirrups
=O.417N/mm2 0.87∗415∗201.06
Sv= 0.4∗460
FOR M25
=394.52mm
σcbc = 8.5 N/ mm2
Spacing limit 1)0.75D =0.75*550=412mm
0.417<8.5 …..ok
2)300mm
Provide 0.24% reinforcement
Provide 300mmc/cSpacing.
Ast = 0.24/100*(1000*100)
STEP 3) DESIGN OF TANK WATER
=240mm2
Max hoop tank at base,
Provide 8mm @ 200mm c/c 𝐷
T = 𝑉𝑊 ∗ 𝐻 ∗ 2
Astp = 251mm2
2.5
= 9.81 ∗ 𝐻 ∗
2

2. HOOP TENSION T = 122.62 HKN/m

T2 = W*R(CosƟ – 1/1+CosƟ) Ast = T / σst
= 4 * 18.125 (CosƟ – 1/1+CosƟ) = 122.62*10^3H / 150
= 10.43 KN/ m =817.46 mm2

Dept (m) Area req (Ast) Area on each R/F

(817.54) (408.73H)

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1 817.54 408.73 8mm Ф210mm

2 1633.78 817.46

3 2452.62 1226.19

4 3270.16 1634.92

5 4087.7 2043.65 16mmФ120mmc/c

Σct = 817.46*10^3 Wt. of water = (π/4*25^2*5)*9.81

𝑡 = 24077.56 KN
Σct = 𝐴𝑔+(𝑚−1)𝐴𝑠𝑡
122.6 -Note : Assume = d/35=25/35= 0.714m
1.5 = + (10.98 − 1) ∗ 1675.5
1000
T=720mm
t = 391.9 = 400
Self wt of slab = 0.72*25
t = 400 @ base & 300@ top
= 18KN/m^2
Avgthk =400+300/2 = 350
Total wt, of slab = π/4*25.8^2*18
Distribution steel:-
= 9410.26 KN
H/3 = 5/3= 1.67m
Finishing Load = π/4*25.8^2*0.6
Cantilever Moment = ¥w*H*(H/3)^2/6
= 313.6 KN
M= 9.81*5*(1.67)^2/6
Total= 33819.22KN
M= 21.33 KN-m
Total upward force on ring beam: -
Ast for moment = M/бst*j*d
5859.53+33819.22= 39678.75
= 21.33*10^6/150*0.87*300=
544.83mm^2 Design of bottom Ring Beam: -

Step 4:- Design of base slab For case 1 loading: -

Load from dome =T1sinƟ2π*D/2 Mr = 3/16 q (a2-r2)

M = 31/6 *q*a2-qr2/16
=41.76sin43.60*2*π*25/2 Now,
= 2261.829 KN a= radius of slab= 25.8/2 = 12.9m
Load from ring beam = q = 33819.22/π*25.82 = 64.69KN/m2
(0.46*0.55)*π*25=496.76KN
Load of wall =0.350*(5-0.55)*π*25.35*25
= 3100.95 KN
Total = 5859.53KN

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r(m) 0 4.3 8.6 12.9

Mr(KNm) 2018.45 1794.17 1121.36 0

MƟ(KNm) 2018.45 1943.69 1719.42 1345.64

For Case ᴨ loading :- Overall depth (D) = 780 + 50 = 830mm

b = radius of beam Ast = 835.83×10^6/150×0.87×780
Dia = 0.75 x 25 = 18.75 = 8211.31mm^2
b = 9.375m Provide 25mm Ø @ 55mm c/c
Radius of slab = 12.9m Astp = π/4×25^2/0.055×1.0 = 8924.97mm^2
If ฀ ≤ b Astp>Astmin………………..ok
Mr = MꝊ = W/8π × (2loga/b +1-(9.375/12.9)^2) At ring beam (Mr)
= 39678.75/8π × (2log (12.9/9.375)+1- Ast = M/฀st+j×d
(9.375/12.9)^2)
Ast = 61.26×10^6/150×0.87×780 = 601.82mm^2
= 1182.62 KN-m
Provide 12mm Ø @ 150mm c/c
Astp = 753.98 mm^2
ᵞ(m) 0 4.3 8.6 12.9 Astp>Astmin……………….ok
Mr 1182.62 1182.62 1182.62 0 At ring beam (MꝊ)
MꝊ 1182.62 1182.62 1182.62 1489.86 Ast = 536.8×10^6/150×0.87×780 =
5273.60mm^2
Net Moment Case1-Case2
Provide 22mmØ @ 70mm c/c
ᵞ(m) 0 4.3 8.6 12.9 Astp = 5430.46mm^2
Mr 835.83 611.55 -61.26 0 Astp>Astmin ……………ok
MꝊ 835.83 761.07 536.8 -144.23 Provide min steel
Ast min = 0.24/100 × 1000 × 780 = 1872mm^2
Design Moment = 835.83KN-m Provide 16mmØ at 100mm c/c
M = Qbd^2 Astp = 2010.61mm^2 Astp>Ast min…………ok
Q = 0.5×8.5×k×j Step 5 :- Design of bottom ring beam
= 0.5×8.5×0.38×0.87 1) Shear force
= 1.40 2) B.M
Mu = Qbd^2 3) Torsional Moment
835.83×10^6 = 1.4×1000×d^2 Let width of beam = 450mm
d = 772.67 = 780mm Depth of beam = 800mm

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Shear force
FØ = W × R(Ꝋ-Ø)
Mu/bd^2 Pt Pt Pt
W = Load per m length = 39678.75/ π×18.75 =
0.05 0.067 0.10
673.60 KN/m
8.30 2.646 2.66 2.714
Self wt. of beam = 0.8×0.45×25 = 9 KN/m
Total weight = 673.6 = 9 = 682.6 KN Pc Pc Pc

FØ = 682.6 × 9.375 × (π/14-0)………At 8.30 1.280 1.30 1.364

support….Ø=0
FØ = 1436.01 KN Pt = 2.66 Pc = 1.30
Bending moment at support :- Ast = 2.66/100 × 450 × 750 = 89775mm^2
C1=0.052 Ø=0 Provide 28mm Ø @ 65mm c/c.
C2=0.019 Mo = C1WR^2(2Ꝋ) Astp = 9473.11 mm^2
C3=0.0023 = 1400.11 kN-m Astp>Ast min ……………ok
Bending moment at mid-span :- Asc = 1.30/100 × 450 × 7500 =4367.5mm^2
Ø = 12.8 Provide 22mm Ø @80mm c/c
Ꝋ = π/14 R/F at mid-span
Mo = 0.019×682.6×9.375^2×(π/7) Mu = 1.5×511.58= 767.37 KN-m (sag)
= 511.58 KN-m Mulim = 0.138×25×450×750^2 = 873.28 KN-m
Torsional Moment Mu <Mulim…………………….Design singly R/F
TØ = C3×WR^2×(2Ꝋ) Mu/bd = 767.37×10^6/450×750^2 = 3.031
= 0.0023×682.6×9.375^2×(π/7) Pt = 1.105%
= 61.93 KN-m Ast = 1.105/100×450×750 = 3729.375mm^2
R/F at support Provide 25mmØ @130mm c/c.
Design the beam as Doubly RC beam Astp = 3775mm^2 >Astmin =
3729.375mm^2…………..ok
Mu = 1.5 × 1400.11= 2100.163 KN
Check for Torsion :-
Vu = 1436.00 × 1.5 = 254.015 KN
Me = M + Mt = M + Tu(1+D/b)/1.7
Tu = 0
Ømax = 12.8 = 0.233 radius
Assumed beam size = 450 × 800 mm
It’s distance from support = R × Ø = 9.375 × 0.223
Eff cover = 50mm
= 2m
d = 800 – 50 = 750mm
Tu = 1.5×61.93=92.895 KN-m
See Sp 16, Pg 88, T- 52
Me = 0 + 92.895 × (1+800/450)/1.7
d’/d = 50/750 = 0.067
Me = 151.78 KN-m
Factor Me = 1.5 × 151.78 = 227.37 KN-m
Mu/bd^2 = 2100.16×10^6/450×750^2 = 8.30
Provide bars of 28mm Ø are enough.

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Shear R/F economical and safely store the portable water.

Water can be distributed to number of houses,
Max shear at support industries and public places by means of a
V = 1436.01 KN Vu = 1.5 × 1436.01 = 2154.015 network of a distribution system. Thus water
KN tanks are considered to be supporting systems
and useful for the society.
ꞎv = Vu/bd = 2154.015×10^3/750×750 =
3.0N/mm^2 REFERENCE-

Now at support , [1] IS 3370 (PART 2) : 2009 CONCRETE

STURCTURES FOR STORAGE OF
100Ast/bd = 100 × 9473.11/750×950 = 1.27 LIQUIDS – CODE OF PRACTICE
(REINFORCED CONCRETE
ꞎc = 0.703N/mm^2
STRUCTURE)
Vus = Vu - ꞎcbd [2] IS 3370 (PART 4) : 1967 CODE OF
PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE
Vus = 1653.12KN STRCTURES FOR THE STORAGE OF
Provide 10mm Ø – 4 legged vertical stirrups. LIUIDS
[3] IS 456 : 2000 PLAIN AND
Sv = 0.87 × Fy × Asv ×d/Vus REINFORCED CONCRETE – CODE OF
=0.87×415×314.15×950/1653.12×10^3 = PRACTICE (FORTH REVISION)
65.18mm [4] IS 875 (PART 3) : 1997 CODE OF
PRACTICE FOR DESIGN LOADS
Provide 10mm Ø 4-legged stirrups @ 60mm c/c. (OTHER THAN EARTHQUAKE ) FOR
Side face R/F :- As per IS 456:2000 CL.26.1.7 pg BUILDING AND STRUCTURES (WIND
48 LOADS)
[5] Mr. Manoj Nallanathel, Mr. B. Ramesh,
As = 0.10/100×750×950 = 712.5mm^2 Mr. L. Jagadeesh had done the “DESIGN
AND ANALYSIS OF WATER TANKS
Spacing should not be greater than 300mm (IS
USING STAAD PRO”
456-2000)
[6] Miss. Neha S. Vanjari, Krutika. M.
When c/c dimension of member exceeds 450mm Sawant, Prashant S. Sisodiya, had done
additional longitudinal bars shall be provided to the “DESIGN OF CIRCULAR
satisfy the requirement of min reinforcement and OVERHEAD WATER TANK”
1
spacing. [7] -Ms. Pranjali N. Dhage, 2-Mr. Mandar
M. Joshi
Provide 4-20mm Ø bars on each face. [8] PankajLaddhad Institute of
As = 8 × π/4 × 20^2 =2513.27mm^2. Technology and Management Studies,
Buldana
[9] Design and Analysis of a Water Tank
Gourav Pattanaik1 Prof. Sagarika
Panda2
[10] M.Tech Scholar, Department of Civil
Engineering, Centurion Institute of
Technology, India Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Centurion Institute of Technology,
India
[11] Planning Analysis And Design Of Over
Head Circular Water Tank In
4.CONCLUSIONS
N.B.K.R.I.S.T. Using staad Pro Software
Water tanks are considered to be expensive but Arunkumar.
they are considered to reach present and future
population.They are considered to highly

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[12] Design and Analysis of Overhead

Water Tank at Phule Nagar,
Ambernath
[13] Sagar Mhamunkar1, Mayur Satkar2,
Dipesh Pulaskar3, Nikhil Khairnar4,
Reetika Sharan5

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