EECE DEPARTMENT

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MSU – ILIGAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
ILIGAN CITY

LABORATORY GUIDE
EE 123 – ELEMENTARY ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & INSTRUMENTATION

EXPERIMENT # 2

I. Title: Ohm’s Law

Date Performed: February 10, 2017 Date Submitted: February 17, 2017
Group Members

II. Objectives:
At the end of the Laboratory Experiment exercise the students will be able;
a. to verify that the voltage is directly proportional to the current in a circuit;
b. to verify that the graph of the voltage and current relationship is linear and the slope
varies with the value of the resistor;
c. to be familiar with the operation of a variable dc power supply, dc voltmeter and dc
ammeter and be able to use it;
d. to compare the measured value with the computed value.

III. Materials
1 dc variable power supply
1 dc voltmeter
1 dc ammeter
5 resistors
1 breadboard connector

IV. Procedure
1. Familiarized yourself with the operation of a variable dc power supply, voltmeter and
ammeter.
2. Connect the circuit shown below.
3. Adjust your circuit to fill in the data as shown in tables.
4. Graph the data obtained in the table.

V. Data and Interpretation of Data

Table 2.1 Measured value of current for various resistances
Voltage Voltage CURRENT IN MILLIAMPS
in (volt) Measured R1M=6.88kΩ R2M=4.66kΩ R3M=2.10kΩ R4M=1.99kΩ R5M=4.93kΩ
3 3.3 0.4 0.6 1.4 1.6 0.6
6 6.3 0.8 1.3 2.8 3 1.2
9 9.3 1.3 1.9 4.1 4.6 1.8
12 12.4 1.7 2.5 5.5 6 2.4
15 15.4 2.1 3.2 6.8 7.6 3
18 18.4 2.6 3.8 8.2 9 3.6
21 21.4 3 4.5 9.5 10.5 4.2
24 24.5 3.4 5.1 10.9 12 4.8
27 27.5 3.9 5.7 12.3 13.5 5.4
30 30.6 4.3 6.4 13.7 15 6

Interpretation: Increasing the voltage increases the current. Meanwhile, decreasing the resistance
increases the current.
 Table 2.2 Computed value of current for various resistances

VM CURRENT IN MILLIAMPS
R1M I1C R2M I2C R3M I3C R4M I4C R5M I5C
3.3 6.88 0.5 4.66 0.7 2.1 1.6 1.99 1.7 4.93 0.7
6.3 6.88 0.9 4.66 1.4 2.1 3 1.99 3.2 4.93 1.3
9.3 6.88 1.4 4.66 2 2.1 4.4 1.99 4.7 4.93 1.9
12.4 6.88 1.8 4.66 2.7 2.1 5.9 1.99 6.2 4.93 2.5
15.4 6.88 2.2 4.66 3.3 2.1 7.3 1.99 7.7 4.93 3.1
18.4 6.88 2.7 4.66 4 2.1 8.8 1.99 9.3 4.93 3.7
21.4 6.88 3.1 4.66 4.6 2.1 10.2 1.99 10.8 4.93 4.3
24.5 6.88 3.6 4.66 5.3 2.1 11.7 1.99 12.3 4.93 5
27.5 6.88 4.0 4.66 6 2.1 13.1 1.99 13.8 4.93 5.6
30.6 6.88 4.5 4.66 6.6 2.1 13.6 1.99 15.4 4.93 6.2

Interpretation: Increasing the voltage increases the current. Meanwhile, decreasing the resistance
increases the current.

Table 2.3 Comparison of Measured value and Computed value of current for various resistances

VM CURRENT IN MILLIAMPS
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
IM IC %E IM IC %E IM IC %E IM IC %E IM IC %E
3.3 0.4 0.5 20 0.6 0.7 14 1.4 1.6 3 1.6 1.7 6 0.6 0.7 14
6.3 0.8 0.9 11 1.3 1.4 7 2.8 3 7 3 3.2 6 1.2 1.3 8
9.3 1.3 1.4 7 1.9 2 5 4.1 4.4 7 4.6 4.7 2 1.8 1.9 5
12.4 1.7 1.8 6 2.5 2.7 7 5.5 5.9 7 6 6.2 3 2.4 2.5 4
15.4 2.1 2.2 5 3.2 3.3 3 6.8 7.3 7 7.6 7.7 1 3 3.1 3
18.4 2.6 2.7 4 3.8 4 5 8.2 8.8 7 9 9.3 3 3.6 3.7 3
21.4 3 3.1 3 4.5 4.6 2 9.5 10.2 7 10.5 10.8 3 4.2 4.3 2
24.5 3.4 3.6 6 5.1 5.3 4 10.9 11.7 7 12 12.3 3 4.8 5 4
27.5 3.9 4.0 3 5.7 6 5 12.3 13.1 6 13.5 13.8 2 5.4 5.6 4
30.6 4.3 4.5 4 6.4 6.6 3 13.7 13.6 0.7 15 15.4 3 6 6.2 3
 V vs computed I
18
16
14 f(x) = 0.503501172335263 x + 0.00579517581070377 R1C
COMPUTED CURRENT, mA
12 Linear (R1C)
Linear (R1C)
10 R2C
8 R3C
R4C
6
Linear (R4C)
4 f(x) = 0.146173120338203 x − 0.00178746491900528 R5C
2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
VOLTAGE, V

V vs measured I
16
14 f(x) = 0.491895251151554 x − 0.0379486969727765

12
MEASURED CURRENT, mA

IR1M
10 Linear (IR1M)
IR2M
8 IR3M
IR4M
6
Linear (IR4M)
4 IR5M
f(x) = 0.143365321306946 x − 0.0743075833004565
2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
VOLTAGE, V

VI. Conclusion and Recommendation

a) Both measured and calculated data of values of current showed direct proportionality
with their voltages.
b) The graph of the voltage and current shows linear relationship and has positive slope
which indicates that increasing the voltage increases the current. The difference of slope
 in the graph for every resistor is also noticeable, therefore both values of voltage and
current varies with different resistors.
c) For every resistor the corresponding current and voltage can be measured using a multi-
tester.
d) Based on the gathered data, there was a slight deviation between the computed and the
measured value. Such error was mainly caused by the equipment, particularly the
multitester, of which parts have already depreciated, thus unable to provide more
inaccurate measurements. Additionally, human error may have also contributed to such
error.

Recommendation

Based on the experience from the experiment conducted, it is advisable to use digital
multi-tester than the analog, since it provides direct reading and gives more accurate measurement
than using the analog wherein the reading of measurement depends on the user’s rough estimation
therefore, it is less accurate.