Annotated Bibliography

In the author’s home country of the Philippines, where he is revered as a national hero, the author enjoys a
high level of respect and admiration among his fellow citizens. He gained a reputation as a genuine patriot
and an ardent champion for social reform during the time Spain dominated his country. This reputation was
established when his country was under Spanish control. He is most well-known for his novels, poetry, and
essays, and he used pen and paper in his struggle against the dictatorial powers of the Spaniards. His
works include novels, poetry, and essays. Novels, poetry, and essays are some of the forms in which he
has been published. The author’s love for his homeland is the subject of this poem, which he wrote about
his feelings. This poem’s author felt compelled to write it because he has profound feelings for his
homeland, and he hoped that by doing so, he might convey those feelings to others. This piece of literature
he authored depicts his sincere hopes and dreams that the Philippines would be free from dishonesty and
injustice one day. These expectations are reflected in the piece of writing he created, indicating that he met
them. His remarks conveyed the jubilation he felt towards the eventual liberation of the Philippines from the
tyranny and bondage they had been subjected to. His words indicated the delight that he thought. While the
author was abroad traveling around Europe at the time, the nation was confronted with many highly grave
dangers. There is a possibility that the poem Kundiman describes events that are taking place right now,
but with a different emphasis. The ideals Rizal embedded and represented in his poems may help bring
out our sense of nationalism and encourage Filipinos to love and preserve their own country. The poem
has a strong feeling of nationalism that may serve as the basis for instructing Filipinos to love and defend
their own country. This can be done with the help of the country’s literary tradition. As for the Philippines,
the Spaniards have been gone for a very long time, but today we are plagued with territorial disputes, which
endanger not only our economic security but also our national safety, as well as the political and social
aspects of our nation. Although the Spaniards have been gone for a long time, territorial disputes remain a
problem for the Philippines. It arrives at an incredibly convenient time because of the escalating territorial
conflicts in the Philippines, such as the one that is now ongoing between China and the Philippines. We are
still fighting for the same things they fought for in the past, a conflict inside the country that led to a war with
other nations forming as a consequence. History indeed repeats itself, and up until now, we are still fighting
for the same things. Rizal is a statement of the notion that a nation needs to be guarded at all costs, which
is proof that a country should be maintained at all costs, and the message of the poem may aid its readers
in comprehending that love for the homeland is a must. The author’s work, titled kundiman, has the
overarching goal of establishing a forum in which the aforementioned histories, both individual and
communal, may be acknowledged and addressed. The author has concluded that the most effective way to
convey his story is via a collection of poems that he has dubbed “Kundiman.” The author’s personal history
and experiences are not separate from the writing process but contribute to developing their distinctive
voice. Kundiman believes that these painful experiences may ultimately lead to healing, beauty, comedy,
and transcendence if they are spoken and reflected upon correctly.