Shane Auliya Va Ziyarate Quboor Hindi Book - by Dr. Azam Beg Qadri 9897626182

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&% feyus ds irs %&
enkj cqd fMiks tkosn cqd lsyj

eduiqj ¼dkuiqj½ djgy ¼eSuiqjh½
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vuokj mnZw cqd fMiks mnZw cqd gkml

fclkr [kkuk eSuiqjh rykd egy ¼dkuiqj½
09319086703 09389837386]09559032415
Q+sgfjLr et+kehu
u0‘kqekj lQ+gk
01&g+En---------------------------------- 05
02&rEghn-------------------------------- 07
03&'kkus vkSfy;k dq+jku dh jks'kuh eas-----10
04&vkSfy;k ls djkerkas dk t+gwj gksrk gS-24
05&djkekrs lgkck&fdjke---------------- 32
06&vkSfy;k&vYykg ft+Unk gSa------------- 36
07&'kkus vkSfy;k vgknhl dh jks'kuh eas-- 43
08&[k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj----------- 56
09&,d ,rjkt+ vkSj mldk tokc------- 65
10&fu;kt+ o Q+kfrgk fnykuk lqUur gS--- 68
11&cqtqxksZa ds gkFk ik¡o pweuk tkbt+ gS--- 79

(5)
786@92
vYg+Enq fyYykfg ug~enqgw o uLrbZ+uqgw o

uLrx+fQ+#gq ouqv+feuw fcgh o urkoDdyw v+ySfg o ukÅtw
fcYykfg feu 'kq#fj v+u Qqfluk ofeu lb;svkfr
vkv+efyuk eabZ ;qnfyygq Q+yk gkfn;kygw ou'kgnq vUuk
eqg+Eenu v+Cnqgw o jlwyqgw 0
reke [kwfc;k¡ vkSj rkjhQ+sa flQ+Z vYykg rv+kyk

ds fy;s gSa tks reke dk;ukr dk ,d vdsyk ekfyd o
[k+kfyd+ gS ftlus viuh jg+er o esgjckuh dh pknj ls
vius cUnksa dks <k¡i j[kk gS ftlus dk;ukr dh r[k+yhd+
o rjrhc dks gqLuks teky c[+’kk tks fnyks ds iks’khnk jkt+ks
ij eqRrykv+ gS tks reke fg+derksa o xS+cksa dk tkuus okyk
gS dk;ukr dk dksbZ ,slk t+jkZ ugha tks mldh g+Enks luk
u djrk gks gj ‘kS% mlds rkcSv+ o d+Ct+s dqnjr esa gS tks
viuh c<+kbZ vkSj cqyUnh esa ;drk gS
mldk dksbZ ‘kjhd ugha tks usv+ersa o

fjT+d+ v+rk djus okyk] fgnk;r nsus okyk] fgQ+kt+r djus
okyk] cM+k c[+’kus okyk fugk;r esgjcku o djhe gS vkSj
nq:nks lyke gks jgers nks v+kye lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye ij tks t+kfgj o ckfru esa rb;c o rkfgj gSa tks
reke ,s+cks ud+kbl ls ikd m+ywes xS+c ds tkuus okys gSa
ftUgas vYykg rv+kyk us uwj o fgnk;r ds lkFk ecÅ+l
Q+jek;k ftuds uwj ls nks v+kye esa mtkyk gS vYykg
rv+kyk us ftUgas dkSlj v+rk dh ftl ij jkst+s d+;ker
I;kls eksfeu vk;saxs vkSj lSjkc gksdj tk;saxs ftUgkasus
bUlku dks xqejkfg;ksa ds va/ksjksa ls fudkydj jkgs fgnk;r
vkSj jkgs futkr fn[kkbZ vYykg rv+kyk us vius gchc dks
(6)
vkSlkQ+ o v[k+ykd+ esa cqyUn vkSj cs feLy vkSj reke

vfEc;k&fdjke vySfgeqLlyke dk ljnkj cuk;k vkSj
vius uwj ls gqtwjs ikd ds ftLes vr~gj dks r[k+yhd+
fd;k ftudk t+kfgj o ckfru lc uwj gSA
vkSj jger o lykerh gks vkids vgys

cSr vr~gkj ij tks nhu dh fgQ+kt+r vkSj cd+k ds fy;s
dqjcku gks x;s tks jkst+s d+;ker eqfgCckus vgys cSr dh
futkr dk t+fj;k gksaxs vkSj gj vkQ+r o elkbc ds
njfe;ku <+ky gksaxs vkSj jger o lykerh gks vkidh
vt+okts eqrg~jkr vkSj vkidh vky o vlgko vkSj
reke vkSfy;k&,&fdjke o lwfQ+;k&,&b+t+ke ij vkSj mu
ij tks vYykg rv+kyk ds eqd+jZc o e[k+lwl cUns gSaA
(7)
&% rEghn %&

vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk dk ‘kqØ vkSj ,glku gS fd
ftldh rkSQ+hd+ ls eSa bl fdrkc dh rkyhQ+ dj jgk g¡w
fQ+jd+kas vkSj fQ+Ruks ds bl nkSj eas pUn ykb+Ye ekSyfo;kas
us m+Eers eqfLyek ds njfe;ku tkbt+ o eqckg mewj ij
uktkbt+ o gjke dk Q+rok ukfQ+t+ dj bf[+rykQ+ o
bfUr’kkj vkSj vthc d’ked’k dk ekgkSy cik dj j[kk
gS bl fdrkc dks fy[kus dk vge ed+ln o lcc ;s gS
fd mu mewj ij mEers eqfLyek dh bLykg gks tk;s vkSj
oks vthc d’ked’k o cn vd+hnxh vkSj xqejkgh ls
futkr gkfly dj ldsa vkSj muds bZeku o v+d+kbn esa
iq[+rxh ds lkFk&lkFk b+Ye esa bt+kQ+k gks rkfd oks gd+ o
ckfry esa bfEr;kt+ dj ldsa D;ksafd ckt+ fQjd+k ijLr
ekSyoh viuh ykb+Yeh o de v+D+yh vkSj cs fgderh
vkSj cn v+d+hnxh ds ckbl ckt+ okftc o lqUur vkSj
tkbt+ mewj dks uktkbt+ o gjke dgrs gaS vkSj ,sls
ekSyoh dqjku o gnhl rks i<+rs gSa exj mudks le>us
dh lykfg;r o d+kcfy;r muds vUnj ugha ikbZ tkrh
fQj oks viuh v+D+y vkSj t+krh jk; ij ecuh cs
cqfu;knh Q+rok ukfQ+t+ dj nsrs gSa vkSj mEers eqfLyek
esa bf[+rykQ o bfUr’kkj dk ekgkSy cik dj nsrs gSaA
tcfd gd+hd+r ;s gS fd nhuh mewj o

vgdkes ‘kjhv+r vkSj fQ+d+bZ elkby fdlh v+D+y ;k
t+krh jk; ds eksgrkt ugha gSa cfYd reke elkby
dqjku o gnhl ds eksgrkt gSa ;kuh fdlh pht+ dks
tkbt+ ;k uktkbt+ ;k gjke lkfcr djus ds fy;s dqjku
o gnhl dh njdkj gksrh gS exj vQ+lksl tSlk fd
vktdy ds ekSyoh viuh rfc;r vkSj v+D+y vkSj t+krh
(8)
fd+;kl ds eqrkfcd+ ‘kjbZ vgdkekr tks fd tkbt+ gSa

mudks uktkbt+ o gjke d+jkj nsrs gSa vkSj oks [kqn Hkh
xqejkg gSa vkSj m+Eers eqfLyek dks Hkh xqejkg dj jgs gSaA
pqukapk dq+jku ethn eas bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS&
¼bl rjg½ vYykg rv+kyk ,d gh ckr ds t+fj;s cgqr
ls yksxkas dks xqejkg Bgjkrk gS vkSj cgqr ls yksxkas dks
fgnk;r nsrk gSA ¼lw0&cd+jkg&26½
ekStwnk nkSjs fQ+ru eas m+Yek o eqcfYyx+hu dh ckt+

tekv+rsa viuh de b+Yeh vkSj tkfgykuk lksp vkSj cn&
t+gfu;rh vkSj viuh euekuh ds ckbl m+Eers eqfLyek
ds bRrsgkn dks eqUrf'kj dj jgha gSa muds ikl b+Ye ds
uke ij flQZ+ rt+fdjs] equkt+js] Q+ros] vkSj v'kv+kj ls
eqt+¸;u ckras vkSj rud+hnsa gSa vkSj oks dqjvkuh vk;kr
vkSj gnhls eqckjdk ls tks ekSfd+Q+ lkfcr djuk pkgrs gSa
oks lkfcr ugha dj ikrs D;kasfd oks dqjku vkSj gnhl rks
i<+rs gSa ysfdu mldks le>us dh lykfg;r ugha j[krs
vkSj oks dqjku dh vk;kr dh x+yr r¶+lhj vkSj vgknhl
eqckjdk dh x+yr 'kjg o rkSt+hg djds tkbt+ 'kS% dks
fcnv+r vkSj gjke lkfcr djrs gSa
vkSj muds ikl Q+rokas ds dkj[k+kus gSa ftuls

oks Q+rokas dk dkjksckj djrs gSa vkSj Q+rokas ds t+fj;s ftls
pkgs mls dkfQ+j cuk nsrs gSa vkSj ftls pkgs bLyke ls
[k+kfjt+ dj nsrs gSa gkykafd vxj nhu bLyke dks lgh
rjhds+ ls is'k fd;k tk;s rks tnhn uLykas ds bZeku o
vd+kbn dks [k+jkc gksus ls cpk;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ckt+
m+Yek o eqcfYyx+hu dh tekv+ras yksxkas dks nhu dh rjQ+
jkfx+c djus dh ctk, et+gc ls cst+kjh vkSj xqejkgh dks
Q+jksx+ ns jgh gSa vkSj dqjku o vgknhl ls lkfcr tkbt+
o eqckg dkekas ij uktkbt+ o gjke dk Q+rok ukfQ+t+ dj
(9)
jgh gSa tSls& ^êt+kehj ds lkFk d+Ookyh** ^^rkft+;knkjh**

^^gqtw+j dk ehykn eukuk** ^^vfEc;k o vkSfy;k dks olhyk
cukuk** ^^vkSfy;k vYykg ds eqd+n~nl et+kjkr dh gkft+jh
vkSj ft+;kjr djuk vkSj [k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj djuk
vkSj fu;kt+ o Q+kfrgk fnykuk vkSj usd lkfyghu cqtqxkZs
ds gkFk ik¡o pweuk cx+Sjkg mewj ij ,rjkt+ djrs gSa vkSj
uktkbt+ o gjke dk Q+rok nsrs gSa vYgEnq fyYykg eSaus bu
et+dwjk reke ekStwv+kr ij yxus okys reke ,rjkt+kr dh
dq+jku o gnhl dh jks’kuh o nykby ls viuh rkyhQ+kr eas
uQ+h dh gS vkSj esjh reke rkyhQ+kr eUt+js vke ij gSa
ftudk eqrkv+yk fd;k tk ldrk gS
vkSj bl fdrkc eas eSus [k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj

vkSj vkSfy;k vYykg etk+jkr dh gkftjh vkSj ft+;kjr
djuk vkSj fu;kt+ o Q+kfrgk fnykuk vkSj cqtqxkaZs ds gkFk
ik¡o pweuk cx+Sjkg m+ewj ij dqjku o vgknhl dh jks'kuh
esa bu et+dwjk m+ewj dks tkbt+ ds tq+ejs eas 'kkfey fd;k
gS vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ls nqv+k gS fd vYykg
rv+kyk vius egcwc ljojs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ds ln~d+s o rqQ+Sy bl Q+d+hj dh bl
rkyhQ+ o dksf’k’k dks viuh ikd o eqd+n~nl ckjxkg esa
‘kjQs+ ed+cwfy;r v+rk Q+jek;s vkSj bl fdrkc dks mEers
eqfLyek ds fy;s ckbls& [k+Sj vkSj bLykg dk t+fj;k cuk;s
vkehu&
Q+d+hj
Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh
09897626182
(10)
&% ‘kkus vkSfy;k ¼d+qjku dh jks’kuh esa½ %&

oyh dk yqx+oh ekv+uk gS& 1&nksLr] 2&d+jhc] 3&ennxkj]
4&okfjl] 5&ekv+cwn] 6&ekfyd] 7&gknh] 8&ok^yh
dqjku ethn eas y¶+t+s oyh o vkSfy;k et+dwjk ckyk ekv+uk

eas bLrsv+eky gqvk gS vkSj bldk ekv+uk vkSj eQ+gwe gj
vk;r eas eqrQ+fjZd gS vkSj vk;r ds eQ+gwe ds ,rckj ls
bldk ekv+uk eqjkn fy;k tkrk gS vkSj x+yr ekv+uk ysus
ls bUlku ds eq'kfjd o dkfQ+j gksus dk bedku gS pquk¡pk
dqjku ethn eas bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS&
fd rqEgkjk ¼gd++hd+h ennxkj vkSj½ nksLr rks vYykg vkSj
mldk jlwy gh gaS vkSj oks bZeku okys gSa tks uekt+ d+k;e
j[krs gSa vkSj t+dkr nsrs gSa vkSj oks ¼vYykg ds gqtwj
v+kftt+h ls½ >qdus okys gSaA ¼lw0&ek;nk& 55½
et+dqjk vk;rs djhek esa oY;qu dk ekuk nksLr vkSj

ennxkj fy;k x;k gS vxj dksbZ 'k[+l bl vk;krs djhek
esa oy;qu dk ekuk ekv+cwn djs rks oks 'k[+l eqf'jd o
dkfQ+j gks tk;sxk D;ksafd fQj bldk rtqZek ;s gksxk fd
rqEgkjk ekv+cwn vYykg vkSj jlwy gh gSa vkSj eksfeu gSa
blfy;s gj 'k[+l dks pkfg;s fd vius d+Yc dks vYykg
o jlwy vkSj vYykg ds egcwc o ed+cwy cUnksa dh lPph
o [k+kfyl eqgCcr ls eqt+¸;u djs vkSj vYykg rv+kyk
vkSj mlds jlwy ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ vkSj
vYykg rv+kyk ds vkSfy;k o lwfQ+;k ds fy;s vius v+d+hns
esa gqLus t+u j[ks fQj b+Yes ukQs+v+ gkfly djs rkfd oks
cn v+d+hnxh vkSj xqejkgh ls egQwt+ jgs ojuk mldk
b+Ye mlds fy;s eqlhcr vkSj [k+lkjs ckbl cusxkA
(11)
lw0&vgt+kc dh vk;r u0&6 esa bldk ekv+uk d+jhc o

ekfyd eqjkn fy;k x;k gS vkSj lw0&vuQ+ky dh vk;r
u0&72 esa vkSfy;k dk ekv+uk okfjl fy;k x;k gS vkSj
lw0&cd+jkg dh vk;r u0&257 esa oyh dk ekv+uk gkeh
vkSj ok^yh eqjkn fy;k x;k gS vkSj lw0&vud+cwr dh
vk;r u0&41 vkSj lw0&t+qej dh vk;r u0&3 esa
vkSfy;k o ekv+uk ekv+cwn gS blh rjg dq+jku ethn eas
vyx vyx ed+kekr ij oyh o vkSfy;k dk ekv+uk
vk;r ds eQ+gwe ds eqrkfcd+ tqnk tqnk gSA
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us iSx+kes rkSghn vius

cUnksa rd igq¡pkus ds fy;s vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½
dks nqfu;k¡ esa Hkstk vkSj tc flyflyk&,&ucwor ljdkjs
nks v+kye ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ij [k+Re gks
x;k rc vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us vkSfy;k&fdjke dks
nqfu;k¡ esa Hkstus dk flyflyk ‘kq: fd;k vkSj d+;ker rd
vkSfy;k vYykg nqfu;k¡ esa r’kjhQ+ ykrs jgsaxsa vkSj ;s
flyflyk gt+jr esagnh ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ ij [k+Re gksxk
vkSfy;k&fdjke ckjxkgs eqLrQ+k dh [kS+jkr yksxksa esa rd+lhe
djrs gSa vkSj jkgs [kqnk dh rjQ+ yksxksa dks jkfx+c djrs
gSa vkSj ckjxkgs bZykgh esa dq+cZr o jlkbZ dk lh/kk jkLrk
fn[kkrs gSa vkSj bu vkSfy;k vYykg dh eqd+n~nl ckjxkg
ls yksx eqLrQ+ht+ vkSj eqLrQ+hn gksrs gSaA
vkSj ftl ‘k[+l dks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk

dh d+qcZr o ekv+fjQ+r dh njdkj gks mlds fy;s t+:jh gS
fd oks vkSfy;k dh eqgCcr o dqcZr vkSj laxr bf[+r;kj
djs vkSj buds olhys vkSj t+fj;s ls vYykg jCcqy bT+t+r
dh ckjxkg rd d+qcZ o jlkbZ gkfly djs vkSj blds fy;s
lcls igys ;s t+:jh gS fd vYykg rv+kyk ds vkSfy;k ls
okcLrk gks vkSj muls eqgCcr dk rkv+kYyqd+ tksM+ ys
D;kasfd vYykg ds eqd+jZc o e[k+lwl cUnksa ds t+fj;s gh
vYykg dk dq+cZ vkSj ckjxkgs bZykgh rd jlkbZ eqfEdu gSA
(12)
dqjku ethn esa vYykg rv+kyk bj’kkn Q+jekrk gS&

lqu yks cs’kd+ vkSfy;k vYykg ij u dksbZ [k+kSQ+ gS vkSj
u oks jathnk o x+exhu gksaxsA ¼lw0&;wuql&62½
vkSfy;k vYykg dh 'kkuks v+t+er vkSj mudh v+yker ;s

gSa fd oks Q+jkbt+ o okftckr vkSj lquu o uokfQ+y dh
vnk;xh ds lkFk lkFk eqLrgc dks Hkh rdZ ugha djrs vkSj
reke vokfej o uokgh ij eqdEey v+ey iSjk jgrs gSa
mUgsa vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk dk dq+cZs [k+kl gkfly gksrk
gS vkSj muds d+Yc ij ckjxkgs bykgh ls vuokj dk
uqtwy gksrk gS vkSj muds fny b'ds bykgh ls eqt+¸;u
gksrs gS vkSj oks gek oD+r vYykg rv+kyk ds ft+Ø esa
e'kxwy jgrs gaS vkSj muds reke vd+oky o vQv+ky esa
vYykg rv+kyk dh brkv+r gek oD+r 'kkfey jgrh gS
vkSj oks ev+fjQ+rs bykgh ds cqyUn eUlc ij Q+kbt+ gksrs
gSa vkSj tc oks ns[krs gSa rks rlOoqj eas vYykg ds uwj dk
eq'kkgnk djrs gSaA
vkSj tc oks lqurs gS rks vyykg rv+kyk dh

vk;rsa lqurs gSa vkSj tc oks cksyrs gSa rks vYykg rv+kyk
dh gEnks luk ds lkFk cksyrs gSa vkSj tc oks gjdr djrs
gSa rks brkv+rs bykgh eas gjdr djrs gSa vkSj tc oks
dksf'k'k djrs gSa rks ml pht+ ds fy;s dksf'k'k djrs gSa tks
dqcZs bykgh dk t+fj;k gks vkSj oks vYykg rckjd o
rv+kyk ds ft+Ø ls dHkh ugha Fkdrs ;s vkSlkQ+ vkSfy;k ds
gSa vkSj tc cUns eas ;s vkSlkQ+ vk tk;sa rks oks vYykg
dk oyh gksrk gS vkSj vYykg ds ofy;kas ij jksts+ d+;ker
u dksbZ [k+kSQ+ gksxk u oks x+exhu gksaxs cfyd oks uwj ds
feEcjkas ij tyok vQ+jkst+ gksaxs vkSj u gh ekSr ds oD+r
mu ij dksbZ [k+kSQ+ gksxk cfYd oks rks vius jc ls
eqykd+kr ds eq'rkd+ gksrs gSaA
(13)
bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS&

lkjs nksLr o vgokc ml fnu ,d nwljs ds nq’eu gksaxs
flok;s ijgst+xkjksa ds ¼mUgha dh nksLrh vkSj foyk;r
dke vk;sxh½ muls Q+jek;k tk;sxk ,s esjs ¼eqd+jZc½ cUnksa
vkt ds fnu rqe ij u dksbZ [k+kSQ+ gS vkSj u gh rqe
x+et+nk gksxsA ¼lw0&tq[k+jqQ+ &43/67,68½
et+dwjk vk;rs djhek ls ekywe gqvk fd jkst+s d+;ker

dksbZ tku fdlh nwljh tku ds dke u vk;sxh flok;
vYykg ds eqd+jZc vkSj e[k+lwl cUnksa ds blfy;s vgys
bZeku ds fy;s t+:jh gS fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ vkSj vkSfy;k&fdjke ls lPph eqgCcr o
v+d+hnr j[kas D;kasfd bUkdh eqgCcr jksts+ d+;ker geas
t+:j uQ+k nsxh vkSj bUgha dh nksLrh ml oD+r gekjs dke
vk;sxhA
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk vius vkSfy;k ij jger

ds lkFk [k+kl rkSQ+hd+s buk;r dks ges'kk 'kkfeys gky j[krk
gS ;gk¡ rd dh vxj dksbZ oyh fdlh cqjkbZ ;k x+Sj 'kjbZ
Qs+v+y dk bjknk Hkh djs rks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk
mldh ml bjfrdkc ls fgQ+kt+r Q+jekrk gS vkSj jksst+s
d+;ker Hkh vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk vius eqdZ+jc o
e[k+lwl cUnkas ij [k+kl Q+T+yks dje Q+jek;sxk vkSj mUgas
d+;ker dh reke gkSyukfd;kas vkSj elkbcks vkyke ls
egQwt+ j[ksxk vkSj oks gj [k+kSQ+ o x+e ls egQwt+ jgsxas
vkSj vYykg dh jger ds lk;s esa gksaxs vkSj vYykg
rckjd o rv+kyk mUgas tUur ds vkv+yk ed+ke o
njtkr vkSj ejkfrc ls ljQ+jkt+ Q+jek;sxk vkSj mudks
bl 'kjQs+ v+t+he ls Hkh cgjs;kc Q+jek;sxk fd oks vius
pkgus okyksa vkSj lPph eqgCcr o v+d+hnr j[kus okyksa dh
'kQkv+r djsxasA
(14)
dqjku ethn esa vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk Q+jekrk gS&

vki mu yksxksa dks tks vYykg ij vkSj ;kses vkf[k+jr
ij bZeku j[krs gSa dHkh ml ‘k[+l ls nksLrh djrs gq;s
u ik;saxs tks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ls nq’euh j[krk gS [+okg oks muds cki
¼vkSj nknk½ gksa ;k csVs ¼vkSj iksrs½ gksa ;k muds HkkbZ gksa
;k muds d+jhch fj’rsnkj gksa ;gh oks yksx gS ftuds fnykas
esa ml ¼vYykg½ us bZeku lCr Qjeka fn;k gS vkSj mUgsa
viuh #g ¼;kuh Q+St+s [k+kl½ ls rd+fo;r c[+’kh gS vkSj
mUgsa ¼,slh½ tUurksa esa nkf[k+y Q+jek;sxk ftuds uhps ls
ugjsa cg jgh gSa oks muesa ges’kk jgus okys gSa vYykg
muls jkt+h gks x;k gS vkSj oks vYykg ls jkt+h gks x;s
gSa ;gh vYykg ¼okyksa½ dh tekv+r gS ;kn j[kks cs’kd+
vYykg ¼okyksa½ dh tekv+r gh eqjkn ikus okyh gSA
¼lw0&eqtkfnyk&58/22½
bl vk;rs djhek esa mu yksxksa dk gky c;ku

fd;k tk jgk gS tks yksx vYykg rv+kyk vkSj vkf[k+jr
ds fnu ij bZeku j[krs gSa ;s oks yksx gSa ftuds fnyksa esa
vYykg rv+kyk us bZeku uD'k Qjeka fn;k gS vkSj mudh
benkn Q+jekbZ vYykg rv+kyk mu vgys bZeku okyksa dks
tUur ds ckx+ksa esa nkf[k+y Q+jek;sxk ftuds uhps ugjsa
cgrh gSa ;s yksx muesa ges'kk&ges'kk jgsaxs vYykg rv+kyk
muds [k+kfyl bZeku o rkv+r ds lcc muls jkt+h gks x;k
vkSj oks vYykg dh jger vkSj mlds dje ls jkt+h gks
x;s vkSj ;s vYykg rv+kyk ds eqd+jZc vkSj [k+kl cUnksa dh
tekv+r gS vkSj ;s vYykg okyksa dh tekv+r gh d+ke;kc
gS fd ;s tgUuqe dh vkx ls egQwt+ jgsaxs vkSj tUur dh
v+t+heq''kku nk;eh usv+erksa esa ges'kk jgsaxs vkSj ;s oks yksx
gSa tks vYykg rv+kyk vkSj mlds jlwy ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ls nq'euh o v+nkor j[kus okyksa ls nq'euh
o v+nkor j[krs gSa vkSj blls eqjkn dq¶+Q+kj o eq'fjdhu
(15)
vkSj xqLrk[k+s jlwy gSa [+okg oks muds cki ¼vkSj nknk½ gksa
;k csVs ¼vkSj iksrs½ gksa ;k muds HkkbZ gksa ;k muds d+jhch
fj’rsnkj gksaA
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk bj’kkn Q+jekrk gS&
vkSj tks dksbZ vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ dh brkv+r djs rks ;gh yksx jkst+s d+;ker
mu gfLr;ksa ds lkFk gksaxs ftu ij vYykg rv+kyk us [k+kl
buv+ke Q+jek;k gS tks fd vfEc;k] fln~nhd+hu] ‘kqgnk vkSj
lkfyghu gSa vkSj ;s cgqr vPNs lkFkh gSaA
¼lw0&fulk&69½
et+dwjk vk;rs djhek eas ‘kqgnk ls eqjkn oks gt+jkr

gSa ftUgksaus jkgs [kqnk esa tkusa nha vkSj fln~nhd+hu ls eqjkn
oks yksx gSa tks vius d+kSyks Q+sv+y esa lPps gSa tSls gt+jr
vcw cØ fln~nhd+ ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ cxS+jkg vkSj
lkfyghu ls eqjkn reke vkSfy;k&fdjke o lwfQ+;k&b+t+ke
vkSj vd+kfcjhus lgkck&fdjke vkSj oks tekv+r ftUgksaus
gqdwdqYykg o gqdwdqyb+ckn nksuksa vnk fd;s vkSj ftuds
vgoky o vkv+eky vkSj t+kfgjks ckfru nksauksa vPNs o
ikd gSa rks lcls igys ge lkfyghu ds ckjs esa rQ+lhyu
c;ku djasxs fQj mlds ckn fln~nhd+hu dh otk+gr djsaxsA
bl vk;rs djhek esa vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us

vfEc;k] fln~nhd+hu] o 'kqgnk ds lkFk lkFk lkfyghu ij
Hkh viuk [k+kl Q+T+y o buv+ke dk ft+Ø Q+jek;k vkSj
[k+kl Q+T+y o buv+ke flQ+Z ml 'kf[+l;r ij fd;k tkrk
gS fd ftlls vYykg jkt+h gks tk;s vkSj ftls vYykg dk
ed+cwy o e[k+lwl cUnk gksus dk 'kjQ+ gkfly gks tk;s
vkSj vYykg mlls eqgCcr djrk gks vkSj oks vYykg ls
eqgCcr djrk gks vkSj vYykg rv+kyk usd lkfyghu cUnkas
dks eUlcs foyk;r ds fy;s eqUr[k+c Q+jekrk gSA
(16)
vkSj mUgsa 'kjQ+s foyk;r ls ljQ+jkt+ Q+jekrk gS vkSj

mUdks b+Yeks fgder ds [k+t+kus v+rk Q+jekrk gS vkSj
vkf[k+jr eas mUgas oks usv+eras o jkgras vkSj njtkr o
ejkfrc v+rk Q+jek;sxk ftldk rlOoqj Hkh ugha fd;k tk
ldrk vkSfy;k vYykg dh 'kkuks v+t+er cqyUn o ckyk
gS budk ft+Ø vYykg rv+kyk us dqjku ethn eas dbZ
ed+kekr ij fd;k gS vkSj vgknhls eqckjd eas Hkh budh
'kkuks v+t+er ds cs 'kqekj rt+fdjs okfjn gSa budh 'kku ;s
gS fd ;s tqgnks rd+ok ds gkfey gksrs gSa ftudk gj yEgk
ft+Øs bykgh vkSj ;kns bykgh ls [k+kyh ugha gksrk vkSj ;s
u fdlh dks ykur Hkstrs gSa vkSj u fdlh dks gd+hj
tkurs gSa vkSj fglZ o ykyp ls ges'kk fdukjk d'k jgrs
gSa vkSj NksVh ls NksVh derj ntsZ okyh cqjkbZ ls Hkh
btfrukc djrs gSa vkSj ;s u fdlh dks vfT+t+;r nsrs gSa
vkSj u rdCcqj djrs gSa vkSj [kqn ij Q+kSfd+;r j[kus
okyksa ls Hkh ;s gln ugha djrs vkSj nqfu;k¡ o erk,s
nqfu;k¡ dh gj 'kS% ls cst+kj vkSj cs jx+cr jgrs gSa buds
fdlh Hkh v+ey eas fj;k 'kkfey ugha gksrh vkSj buds fny
b'd+s bykgh vkSj b'd+s jlwy ls ycjst+ jgrs gSa vkSj u¶+l
ds ,rckj ls ;s T+;knk ijst+xkj gksrs gSa vkSj l[k+kcr
budh fQ+rjr eas gksrh gS vkSj budh [k+lyr gqLus [kqYd+
vkSj ;s dkfeys bZeku o dkfeys roDdqy vkSj u¶+l d’k
vkSj ljkik gqLus v+nc gksrs gSa vkSj buds fny vYykg
rv+kyk dh jt+k vkSj 'kkSd+ eas vkleku dh rjQ+ cqyUn
jgrs gSaA
&% fln~d+ ds ekv+uh vkSj mlds ejkfrc %&

gt+jr beke eqgEen x+t+kyh ¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk v+ySg ½
Q+jekrs gSa fln~d+ 6 ¼N%½ ekv+uh esa bLrsv+eky gksrk gSA
1%&igyk fln~d+ ^^t+cku dk fln~d+** gS vkSj ;s flQ+Z [k+cj
nsus eas ;k mu ckrksa esa gksrk gS tks [k+cjksa esa ‘kkfey gksa
(17)
vkSj mu ls vkxkgh gks vkSj mlesa ok;ns dks iwjk djuk

vkSj mldh f[k+ykQ ojt+h u djuk Hkh nkf[k+y gS fygkt+k
gj cUns dks pkfg;s fd oks vius vYQ+kt+ o t+cku dh
fgQ+kt+r djs vkSj ges’kk lPph ckr gh dgsA
2%& nwljk fln~d+ ^^bjkns vkSj fu;r ds eqrv+fYyd+** gS

vkSj ;s b[k+ykl ds rjQ+ ykSVrk gS ;kuh cUns dh gjdkr
o ldukr dk ckbl flQ+Z vYykg rv+kyk dh t+krs ikd
gksrh gS vxj mleas dksbZ u¶+lkuh x+jt+ Hkh vk tk;s rks
fln~d+s fu;r ckfry gks tkrh gS vkSj ,sls ‘k[+l dks >wBk
dguk nqjLr gS fygkt+k gj lkfnd+ dk eq[k+fyl gksuk
t+:jh gSA
3%& rhljk fln~d+ ^^v+t+e dk fln~d+ gS** D;ksafd ckt+

vkSd+kr bUlku fdlh v+ey dk iq[+rk bjknk djrk gS vkSj
fny esa dgrk gS fd vxj vYykg rv+kyk us eq>s eky
v+rk Q+jek;k rks eSa reke eky ln~d+k d:¡xk ;k ;s fd
vxj vYykg rv+kyk ds jkLrs eas esjk nq’eu ls eqd+kcyk
gks rks esSa mlls yMw¡xk vkSj ml yM+kbZ esa vxj eSa d+Ry
gks tkÅ¡ rks eq>s bldh ijokg u gksxh ;k vxj vYykg
rv+kyk eq>s gqdwer ns rks eSa bUlkQ+ d:¡xk vkSj tq+Ye u
d#¡xk vkSj vYykg rv+kyk dh ukQ+jekuh u d:¡xk ;s
v+t+e o bjknk fny esa gksrk gS vkSj bfUrgkbZ iq[+rk vkSj
lPpk gksrk gS ckt+ vkSd+kr blesa e[k+ywd+ ;k nwljh rjQ+
eSyku ¼roTtkS½ vkSj rjn~nqn ¼fQ+Ø+] vUns’kk] ilksis’k½
gksrk gS uht+ ,slh det+ksjh gksrh gS tks v+t+e esa fln~d+
ds eqd+kfcy vkSj mlds cjvDl gksrh gS rks lkfnd+ vkSj
fln~nhd+ oks ‘k[+l gS ftldk iq[+rk bjknk reke usfd;ksa esa
dq+Oors rkek ds lkFk gksrk gS vkSj mlesa fdlh fd+Le dk
eSyku o rjn~nqn vkSj det+ksjh ugha gksrh vkSj mldk
u¶+l ges'kk usd dkeksa dh rjQ+ iq[+rk bjknk j[krk gSA
(18)
4%& pkSFkk fln~d+ ^^v+t+e dks iwjk djus dk fln~d+** gS

D;ksafd ckt+ vkSd+kr u¶+l v+t+e dj ysrk gS vkSj mldh
otg ;s gksrh gS fd ok;ns vkSj v+t+e esa dksbZ e'kD+d+r
ugha gksrh vkSj mlesa esgur Hkh ugha gksrh gS ysfdu tc
gd+hd+r dk lkeuk gksrk gS vkSj 'kgor dk t+ksj gksrk gS
rks v+t+e [k+Re gks tkrk gS vkSj [+okfg'kkrsa x+kfyc vk
tkrh gSa ftldh otg ls oks v+t+e dks iwjk ugha dj
ldrk ;s ckr fln~d+ ds f[k+ykQ+ gSA
5%& ikapok¡ fln~d+ ^^vkv+eky dk fln~d+** gS ;kuh bUlku

dksf'k'k djs gRrk fd mlds t+kfgjh vkv+eky ,slh ckr ij
nykyr djsa fd mlds fny esa tks dqN gS oks t+kfgj ds
f[k+ykQ+ ugha gSa vkSj ;s dksf'k'k vkv+eky dks NksM+us ls u
gks cfYd ckfru dks t+kfgj dh rLnhd+ dh rjQ+ [khapus ls
gks vkSj ;s ckr rdZs fj;k ls gkfly gksrh gS D;ksafd
fj;kdkj rks ;gh pkgrk gS fd mlds t+kfgj ls ckfru dh
vPNh flQ+kr le>h tk;sa vycRrk dbZ uekt+h uekt+ esa
[kq'kwv+ o [kqtwv+ dh lwjr esa [kM+s gksrs gSa vkSj mudk
ed+ln nwljksa dks fn[kkuk ugha gksrk ysfdu mudk fny
uekt+ ls x+kfQ+y gksrk gS vkSj tks 'k[+l mls ns[krk gS oks
mls vYykg rv+kyk ds lkeus [kM+k ns[krk gS tcfd
ckfruh rkSj ij oks [+okfg'kkr esa ls fdlh [+okfg'k ds
lkeus ckt+kj esa [kM+k gksrk gS rks bl rjg ;s vkv+eky
t+ckus gky ls ckfru dh [kcj nsrs gSa vkSj oks blesa >wBk
gksrk gS vkSj mlls vkv+eky esa fln~d+ dh ckt+ iqlZ gksxh
blh rjg dksbZ 'k[+l lqdwu o od+kj ls py jgk gksrk gS
gkyk¡fd mldk ckfru lqdwu o od+kj ls ekSlwQ+ ugha gksrk
rks ;s Hkh vius v+ey esa lPpk ugha gksrk vxjpk mldh
roTtS e[k+ywd dh rjQ+ u gks vkSj u gh oks mudks fn[kk
jgk gks [kqyklk ;s gS fd vxj t+kfgj dk ckfru ds
f[k+ykQ+ gksuk d+Ln o bjkns ls gks rks oks fj;k gS vkSj
blls b[k+ykl [k+Re gks tkrk gS vkSj d+Ln o bjkns ds
cx+Sj gks rks blls fln~d+ Q+kSr gks tkrk gS&
(19)
vkSj bl fd+Le dh [k+jkch ls futkr dh lwjr ;gh gS

fd t+kfgj o ckfru ,d tSlk gks cfYd ckfru t+kfgj ls
csgrj gksA
6%& NVk vkSj lcls vkv+yk ntsZ dk fln~d+ ^êd+kekrs

nhu esa fln~d+** gS tSls [k+kSQ+] mEehn] rkv+t+he] tqgqn]
jt+k] roDdqy] eqgCcr] v+nc vkSj ckd+h nhus mewj esa
fln~d+ ik;k tkuk gS bu mewj dh dqN cqfu;knsa gSa ftuds
t+kfgj gksus ls ;s uke cksys tkrs gSa fQj muds dqN
ed+kfln vkSj gd+kbd+ gSa rks gd+hd+h lkfnd+ oks gS tks bu
mewj dh gd+hd+r dks ik ys vkSj tc dksbZ pht+ x+kfyc
vk tk;s vkSj mldh gd+hd+r dkfey gks rks mlls ekSlwQ+
'k[+l dks lkfnd+ dgk tkrk gSA
¼,s esjs cUns½ rw vius vki dks mu yksxkas dh laxr eas
tek, j[kk dj fd tks lqcg o 'kke vius jc dks ;kn
djrs gaS ¼vkSj½ mldh jt+k ds rycxkj jgrs gSa rsjh
¼eqgCcr vkSj roTTkS dh½ fuxkgsa mUkls u gVas D;k rw ¼mu
Q+d+hjkas vkSj vkSfy;k ls /;ku gVkdj½ nqfu;k¡oh ft+Unxh
dh vkjkb'k pkgrk gSA ¼lw0& dg~Q+&28½
bl vk;rs djhek eas m+Eers eqfLyek ds vke

vQ+jkn dks ;s gqDe fn;k tk jgk gS fd oks mu yksxkas dk
lkFk vkSj lqgcr bf[+r;kj djsa tks lqcgks 'kke vYykg
rckjd o rv+kyk ds ft+Ø eas e'kxwy jgrs gSa vkSj
ftudh gj ?kM+h ;kns bykgh eas c'kj gksrh gS vkSj oks gj
oD+r vYykg dh jt+k ds rycxkj jgrs gSa tks vYykg
dh d+qcZr dk rycxkj gks mls pkfg;s fd vYykg okykas
dh lqgcr bf[+r;kj djs vkSj vkSfy;k vYykg dh 'kku
;s gS fd ftUgas u tUur dk ykyp gS vkSj u gh nqfu;k¡
dh ryc ;s rks flQ+Z jc dh jt+k ds rycxkj jgrs gSa
(20)
vkSj mlh ds b'd+ eas eqLrx+jd+ jgrs gSa bl vk;rs djhek

ls mu yksxkas dks b+cjr ysuk pkfg;s tks vkSfy;k vYykg
dh 'kku vkSj mudh v+t+er ds eqfUdj gSaA
Hkyk oks 'k[+l tks eqnkZ ¼;kuh bZeku ls eg#e½ Fkk fQj
geus mls ¼fgnk;r dh cnkSyr½ ft+Unk fd;k vkSj geus
mlds fy;s ¼bZeku o ekv+fjQ+r dk½ uwj iSnk Q+jek;k
¼vc½ oks mlds t+fj;s ¼cfd+;k½ ykxksa esa ¼Hkh jks'kuh QSykus
ds fy;s½ pyrk gSA ¼lw0&vuv+ke&122½
blls eqjkn vYykg ds [k+kl cUns gSa fd ftuds fny

eqnkZ Fks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us mu eqnkZ fnyksa dks
ft+Unk djds uwjs foyk;r ls cgjs;kc Q+jek;k fQj mUgksaus
ml uwj dks yksxksa esa rd+lhe fd;k vkSj ;s mlh uwj dk
dfj'ek gS fd vkSfy;k&fdjke vkt Hkh ml uwj dks yksxksa
esa ckaVrs gSa vkSj oks fny tks eqnkZ Fks oks lc ml uwj us
ft+Unk dj fn;s vc ekSr dh D;k etky fd mUgsa ekj lds
ekSr rks flQ+Z ,d t+k;d+k gS ysfdu #g dks dHkh ekSr ugha
vkrh vkSj vkSfy;k&fdjke dh vjokg ls vkt Hkh yksx
QS+t+s vuokj ls eqLrQ+ht+ o eqLrQ+hn gksrs gSaA
#gkfu;r dh gd++hd+r dks u le> ikus yksx ;s loky

djrs gSa fd vYykg rv+kyk dk ,d oyh gt+kjksa ehy dh
nwjh ls vius eqjhn dks dSls QSt+;kc dj ldrk gS de
b+Yeh ds ckbl iSnk gksus okys 'kqdwd 'kqCgkr dk tokc ;s
gS fd btjkby ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ ;kuh eYdqy ekSr ,d
Q+fj'rk gS tks bUlkuksa dh #g d+Ct djus ij ekewj gS
ysfdu ,d gh oD+r esa iwjh nqfu;k¡ esa gt+kjksa ekSras gksrh gSa
rks oks ,d Q+fj'rk ,d gh oD+r esa gt+kjksa ehy ds nk;js
esa gt+kjksa #gsa dSls d+Ct+ dj ldrk gS rks tc ge bl
ckr ij x+kSj djsa rks gd+hd+r okt+sg vkSj uqek;k gks tk;sxh
(21)
fd vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us ml Q+fj'rs dks ;s rkd+r

o dqnjr v+rk Q+jekbZ gS fd oks ,d gh oD+r esa gt+kjksa
ehy ds nk;js esa gt+kjksa #gksa dks ,d lkFk dC+t dj lds
vkSj bl gd+hd+r dk bnjkd ogh dj ldrk gS ftldk
fny olhjrs d+Ych vkSj uwjs ckruh ls cgjkoj gksA
vlgkcs dgQ+ dk okD+;k dqjku et+hn esa ;w¡ et+dwj gS&
fd vlgkcs dg~Q+ 309 lky rd ,d x+kj esa ysVs jgs vkSj
tc oks mBs rks mUgsa ;w¡ xqeku gqvk fd xks;k egt+ ,d
fnu ;k fnu dk dqN fgLlk lksrs jgs vkSj bu 309 d+ejh
lkyksa esa Hkwd I;kl ls csfu;kt+ jgs vkSj mu ij ekSle
dk dksbZ vlj u gqvk vkSj 309 lky ds ckn tc oks mBs
rks muds ftLe lkfye o rjks rkt+k Fks vkSj jgers
[kqnkoUnh ls lwjt mu vlgkcs dg~Q+ dh otg ls 309
lky rd viuk jkLrk cnyrk jgk vkSj oks 309 lky
rd egQwt+ jgsA
muesa ls ,d dgus okys us dgk rqe ¼;gk¡½ fdruk vjlk

Bgjs gks mUgksaus dgk ¼;gk¡½ ,d fnu ;k mldk dqN fgLlk
Bgjs gSaA ¼lw0&dg~Q+&19½
dq+jku ethn dh bl ckr dk bUdkj dSls fd;k

tk ldrk gS fd mu ij lfn;k¡ xqt+j xbZa Fkha exj mUds
diM+s ckslhnk u gq;s Fks vkSj muds ftLekas ij dksbZ
det+ksjh cx+Sjkg ds vklkj u Fks cfYd oks rkft+xh eglwl
dj jgs Fks tSls fd oks pUn ?kaVs dh uhan ls lks dj mBs
gksa ;s vYykg ds ofy;kas dh 'kku gS fd x+kjkas eas lSadM+kas
lky jgus ds ckotwn mudh ftLekuh gkyr eas dksbZ
rCnhyh okd+Sv+ u gq;h Fkh vkSfy;k&fdjke dh ;s 'kku gS
fd folky ds ckn Hkh eq'kkgnk&,&gd+ dh ft+Unxh xqt+kjrs
gSa vkSj vlgkcs dg~Q+ ds lkFk mudk ,d f[k+ner xqt+kj
dqRrk Hkh Fkk tks x+kj dh pkS[k+V ij ik¡o QSyk;s mudh&
(22)
fgQ+kt+r ij ekewj jgk vkSj oks Hkh rhu lkS ukS lky rd
x+kj dh pkS[k+V ij lksrk jgk mldh fulcr ls d+qjku
ethn eas ml dqRrs dk Hkh ft+Ø vk;k gSA
bj’kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS&
vkSj ge ¼od+Q+ksa ds lkFk½ mUgas nk;ha tkfuc vkSj ck;ha
tkfuc djoVsa cnykrs jgrs gSa vkSj mudk dqRrk ¼mudh½
pkS[k+V ij vius nkasukas cktw QSyk;s ¼cSBk½ gSSA
¼lw0&dg~Q+&18½
dqRrs dks ;s ed+ke ml x+kj eas ekStwn vkSfy;k&

fdjke dh fulcr ls feyk eqQ+fLljhus&fdjke Q+jekrs gSa
tc oD+Q+s oD+Q+s ij vlgkcs dg~Q+ nk;as ck;as djoV ysrs
rks oks dqRrk Hkh djoV ysrk Fkk vkSj rhu lfn;kas rd
vkSfy;k&fdjke dh QS+t+s jger ls cgjs;kc gksrk jgkA
vkSj vki ns[krs gSa tc lwjt rqywv+ gksrk gS rks muds
x+kj ls nk¡;h tkfuc gV tkrk gS vkSj tc xq#c gksus
yxrk gS rks muls ck¡;h tkfuc drjk tkrk gS vkSj oks
ml x+kj ds dq’kknk eSnku esa ¼ysVs½ gSa ;s ¼lwjt dk vius
jkLrs dks cny ysuk½ vYykg dh ¼dqnjr dh cM+h½
fu’kkfu;ksa esa ls gS ftls vYykg rv+kyk fgnk;r Qjeka ns
lks ogh fgnk;r ;k¶+rk gSa vkSj ftls oks xqejkg Bgjk ns
rks vki mlds fy;s dksbZ oyh eqf’kZn ¼;kuh jkg fn[kkus
okyk ennxkj½ ugha ik;saxsA ¼lw0&dg~Q+&17½
vlgkcs dg~Q+ t+kfye ckn’kkg ds ‘kj ls cpus vkSj

bZeku dh fgQ+kt+r o lykerh ds fy;s 309 lky x+kj esa
Nqi x;s vkSj lks x;s vYykg rv+kyk us mUgsa ekSr ns nh
vkSj 309 lky rd eqnkZ j[kk ysfdu vius eqd+jZchu cUnksa
ij mldk [kq[kwlh dje fd lwjt dks gqDe ns fn;k fd
(23)
oks viuk jkLrk cny ys fd esjs oyh ml x+kj esa ysVs gSa
vkSj muds lkFk ,d dqRrk Hkh Fkk tks x+kj ds ckgj lks
x;k vkSj oks Hkh eqnkZ gks x;k vkSj gj 6 eghus esa mUgsa
djoV nh tkrh Fkh tc vlgkcs dg~Q~ dks djoV nh tkrh
Fkh rks ml dqRrs dks Hkh djoV nh tkrh Fkh ;gh ,d dqRrk
gS tks fulcrs vkSfy;k ds ckbl tUur esa nkf[k+y gksxk rks
tc fulcrs vkSfy;k ds lcc dqRrs dks vYykg rv+kyk
tUur v+rk djrk gS rks ge rks bUlku ds lkFk&lkFk
eqlyeku vkSj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds
mEerh gSa rks vkSfy;k ls eqgCcr o fulcr ds ckbl
vYykg rv+kyk gesa tUur v+rk t+#j djsxk gekjk ,slk
v+d+hnk j[kuk et+cwr bZeku dh nyhy gSA
(24)
&% vkSfy;k ls djkekrksa dk t+gwj gksrk gS %&

vkSj ¼,s lquus okys½ rw mUgsa ¼ns[ks rks½ csnkj [+;ky djsxk
gkyk¡fd oks lks, gq, gSa ¼lw0&dg~Q+&18½
ckt+ vkSd+kr vkSfy;k vYykg ls djkekrksa dk t+gwj

Hkh gksrk gS tks fd dq+jku ls lkfcr gS tSlk fd et+dwjk
vk;rs djhek vkSfy;k vYYkkg dh djkekrksa dh rjQ+
b'kkjk dj jgh gS fd bl vk;rs djhek esa rhu djkersa
c;ku gqbZ gSa ,d rks tkxus dh rjg lksuk nwljh ;s fd
jc rv+kyk dh rjQ+ ls djoVsa cnyuk vkSj rhljh ;s
fd t+ehu dk muds ftLeksa dks u [kkuk vkSj cx+Sj fx+t+k
ds rhu lkS ukS lky rd ft+Unk jguk vkSj muds dqRrs
dk Hkh rhu lkS ukS lky rd ysVs jguk ;s Hkh vkSfy;k
vYykg dh djker gSA
gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk okD+;k dqjku ethn
eas dqN bl rjg c;ku gqvk gS&
gt+jr lqyseku v+ySfgLlyke us Q+jek;k&
,s njckj okyks rqe esa ls dkSu mlds r[+r dks esjs ikl
yk ldrk gS d+Cy blds fd oks yksx Qjeka cjnkj gksdj
esjs ikl vk tk;saA ¼lw0&uEy&38½
tc fcyd+hl bruk d+jhc igq¡p x;ha fd gt+jr

lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ ls flQ+Z rhu ehy dk
Q+klyk jg x;k rks gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlykrq
oLlyke½ us Q+jek;k ,s njckfj;ks rqe esa ls dkSu gS tks
mu yksxksa ds esjs ikl Q+jekcjnkj gksdj vkus ls igys
fcyd+hl dk r[+r esjs ikl ys vk;s r[+r eaxokus ls vki
(25)
¼v+ySfg lykrq oLlyke½ dk ed+ln ;s Fkk fd mldk r[+r

gkft+j djds mls vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk vkSj viuh
ucwor ij nykyr djus okyk eksv+ftt+kg fn[kk nsa ckt+
eqQ+fLljhu us Q+jek;k fd gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfg lykrq
oLlyke½ us pkgk fd fcyd+hl ds vkus ls igys ml r[+r
dh ot+v+ cny nas vkSj mlls mldh v+D+y dk bfErgku
ysa fd oks viuk r[+r igpku ldrh gS ;k ugha rks gt+jr
lqyseku ¼v+ySfg lykrq oLlyke½ dh ckr lqudj ,d
ftUu cksyk eSa r[+r vki ¼v+ySfg lykrq oLlyke½ dh
f[k+ner esa vki ds ml eqd+ke ls [kM+s gksus ls igys
gkft+j dj nw¡xk tgk¡ vki ¼v+ySfg lykrq oLlyke½ Q+Slys
djus ds fy;s r'kjhQ+ Q+jeka gSa vkSj eSa cs'kd ml r[+r
dks mBkus ij dqOor j[kus okyk vkSj mlesa yxs gq,
tokgjkr ox+Sjkg ij vekurnkj gw¡A
ftldks dq+jku ethn us bl vankt+ esa c;ku Q+jek;k&
,d d+oh gSdy ftUu us v+t+Z fd;k eSa mls vkids ikl
yk ldrk gw¡ d+Cy blds fd vki vius ed+ke ls mBsa
vkSj cs’kd+ eSa ¼mlds ykus½ ij rkd+roj ¼o½ vekurnkj
gw¡A ¼lw0&uEy&39½
ysfdu gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ pkgrs Fks

fd r[+rs fcyd+hl blls Hkh igys njckj esa gkft+j gks
bl ekSd+s ij vkidk ,d lgkch ftlds ikl fdrkcqYykg
dk b+Ye Fkk mlus gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ ls dgk
ftldks dq+jku ethn us bl vankt+ esa c;ku Q+jek;k&
fQj ,d ,sls ‘k[+l us v+t+Z fd;k ftlds ikl ¼vklekuh½
fdrkc dk dqN b+Ye Fkk fd eSa mls vkids ikl yk ldrk
gw¡ d+Cy blds fd vkidh fuxkg vkidh rjQ+ iyVs ¼;kuh
iyd >idus ls igys½ fQj tc lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlyke½
us ml ¼r[+r½ dks vius ikl j[kk gqvk ns[kk ¼rks½ dgk&
(26)
fd ;s esjs jc dk Q+T+y gS rkfd oks eq>s vkt+ek, fd eSa

‘kqØxqt+kjh djrk gw¡ ;k uk’kqØhA ¼lw0&uEy&40½
rks tc gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk ,d

cjxqt+hnk lgkch vk¡[k >idus ls igys r[+rs fcyd+hl
vius uch ds d+neksa esa gkft+j dj nsrk gS rks tc ,slh
djkekr dk lqnwj gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ ds ,d
m+Eerh dk gks ldrk gS rks fQj bl ckr dk c[kwch
vankt+k yxk;sa fd ljojs dk;ukr ljdkjs nks v+kye
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds vkSfy;k&fdjke o
lwfQ+;k&bt+ke dh djkekrkas dk v+kye D;k gksxkA
&% gt+jr ej;e dk fjT+d+ o djkekr %&

tc Hkh t+dfj;k mlds ikl mldh b+cknr xkg esa nkf[k+y
gksrs rks oks mlds ikl ¼ubZ ls ubZ½ [kkus dh pht+sa ekStwn
ikrs mUgksaus iwNk ,s ej;e ;s pht+sa rqEgkjs fy;s dgk¡ ls
vkrh gSa mlus dgk ;s ¼fjT+d+½ vYykg rv+kyk ds ikl ls
vkrk gSA ¼lw0&vkys bejku&37½
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us ut+j esa gt+jr

ej;e ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dks dqcwy Q+jek fy;k
vkSj mUgsa vglu vUnkt+ esa ijoku p<+k;k gt+jr ej;e
¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ nwljs cPpksa dh ck fulcr
cgqr rst+h ds lkFk c<+rh jgha vkSj vYykg rv+kyk us
gt+jr ej;e ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dks cgqr
v+t+er v+rk Q+jekbZ vki ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ds
ikl cs ekSle Qy vkrs tks tUur ls mrjrs vkSj tc
t+dfj;k ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ muds ikl tkrs rks ogk¡ cs ekSle
Qy ikrs ,d erZck t+dfj;k ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us gt+jr
ej;e ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls loky fd;k fd
;s Qy rqEgkjs ikl dgk¡ ls vkrs gSa rks gt+jr ej;e&
(27)
¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ cpiu dh m+ej esa tokc

fn;k fd ;s vYykg rv+kyk dh rjQ+ ls vkrs gSa gt+jr
ej;e ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ us ;s dyke ml oD+r
fd;k tc oks ikyus ;kuh tc >wys esa ijôfj'k ik jgha
Fkha tSlk fd muds Q+jt+Un gt+jr bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us
blh gky esa dyke Q+jek;k Fkk bl vk;rs djhek esa dbZ
djkekrsa t+kfgj gqbZ gSa igyh ;s fd gt+jr ej;e
¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dk gkyrs cpiu esa dyke
djuk ;kuh tc >wys esa ijôfj'k ik jgha Fkha vkSj bl
m+ej esa cPps dyke ugha djrs nwljh ;s fd muds ikl
cs ekSle Qyksa dk vkuk vkSj rhljh ;s fd nwljs cPpksa
dh ck fulcr cgqr rst+h ds lkFk c<+uk blls lkfcr
gqvk fd vkSfy;k vYykg ls djkekrksa dk t+gwj gksrk gSA
bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS &
mUgsa vkokt+ nh xbZ fd jathnk u gks cs'kd rqEgkjs jc us
rqEgkjs fy;s ,d p'ek tkjh dj fn;k gS vkSj [ktwj ds
rus dks idM+dj viuh rjQ+ fgykvks oks rqe ij rkt+k
idh gqbZ [ktwjsa fxjk nsxkA
¼lw0&ej;e&24&25½
tc gt+jr bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dh foyknr dk

oD+r vk;k vkSj nnZ dh f'kn~nr T+;knk gqbZ rks gt+jr
ej;e ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ [ktwj ds ,d lw[ks
nj[+r ds ikl vkdj cSB xbZa vc nnZ dh Hkh f'kn~nr Fkh
vkSj nwljh rjQ+ eqLrd+fcy ds eqv+keykr Hkh Fks vkSj
vki ¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ 'knhn ijs'kkuh ds v+kye
esa Fkha rks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us gt+jr ej;e
¼jft+vYYkkgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dks 'kQ+d+r ds lkFk rlYyh
nh fd ,s ej;e tks ikd t+kr rsjs fy;s [kq'd t+ehu ls
ikuh tkjh dj ldrh gS vkSj [kq'd nj[+r ls idh gqbZ
[ktwjsa t+kfgj dj ldrh gS oks vkbUnk Hkh rqEgkjh enn o
(28)
uqljr vkSj 'kQ+d+r Q+jek;sxh vkSj rqEgsa cs ennxkj ugha

NksM+sxh fygkt+k rqe vius jc dh buk;rksa o 'kQ+d+rksa ij
ut+j djks vkSj x+e o ijs'kkuh dk bt+gkj u djksA
fQj vYykg rv+kyk us Q+jek;k&
lks rqe [kkvks vkSj fivks vksj ¼vius glhu o tehy csVs
dks ns[kdj½ viuh vk¡[ksa BUMh djks fQj vxj rqe fdlh
bUlku dks ns[kks rks ¼b'kkjs ls½ dg nsuk fd eSus ¼[kqnk;s½
jgeku ds fy;s ¼[k+keks'kh ds½ jkst+s dh ut+j ekuh gqbZ gS
lks eSa vkt fdlh bUlku ls d+rv+u xq¶+rxw ugha d#¡xhA
¼lw0&ej;e&26½
fQj tc gt+jr ej;e ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugk½ ml cPps ;kuh gt+jr bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlykrq
oLlyke½ dks xksn eas ysdj viuh d+kSe ds ikl vk x;ha
ftldks dq+jku ethn us dqN bl vankt+ c;ku fd;k gS&
fQj oks ml ¼cPps½ dks ¼xksn eas½ mBk;s gq;s viuh d+kSe
ds ikl vk x;ha oks dgus yxs ,s ej;e ;d+huu rw cgqr
gh v+thc pht+ yk;h gS ,s gk:u dh cgu u rsjk cki
cqjk vkneh Fkk vkSj u gh rsjh ek¡ cnpyu Fkh rks gt+jr
ej;e us ml cPps dh rjQ+ b'kkjk fd;k rks oks dgus
yxs ge blls fdl rjg ckr djas tks ¼vHkh½ xgokjs eas
cPpk gS rks ¼cPpk [kqn½ cksy iM+k eSa vYykg dk cUnk gw¡
mlus eq>s fdrkc v+rk Q+jekbZ gS vkSj eq>s uch cuk;k
gS vkSj eSa tgk¡ dgha Hkh jgw¡ mlus eq>s ljkik cjdr
cuk;k gS vkSj eSa tc rd Hkh ft+Unk gw¡ mlus eq>s uekt+
vkSj t+dkr dk gqDe Q+jek;k gS vkSj viuh okfynk ds
lkFk usd lqywd djus okyk cuk;k gS vkSj mlus eq>s
ljd'k o cn c[+r ugha cuk;k vkSj eq> ij lyke gks
esjs ehykn ds fnu vkSj esjh oQ+kr ds fnu vkSj ftl
fnu eSa ft+Unk mBk;k tkÅ¡xkA ¼lw0&ej;e&27 rk 33½
(29)
vkSj bl rjg vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us viuh oyh;k

gt+jr ej;e ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dh enn
Q+jek;h vkSj gt+jr ej;e ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls
djker Hkh lkfnj gqbZ fd lw[ks rus dks el djus ls rkt+k
idh gqbZ [ktwjsa fxjha vkSj blh rjg vYykg rv+kyk vius
ofy;ksa dh gj eqf'dy oD+r esa enn Q+jekrk gS D;ksafd
vkSfy;k&vYykg gj oD+r vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk dh
[k+kl dqcZr esa jgrs gSa vkSj foyk;r ds ntZs vkSj ejkfrc
eas gj ,d oyh vius njts ds eqrkfcd Q+T+y o 'kjQ+
j[krk gSA
il oks nksuksa py fn;s ;gk¡ rd fd tc nksukas d'rh eas
lokj gq;s ¼rks f[k+T+j v+ySfgLlyke us½ ml d'rh eas
f'kxkQ+ dj fn;k rks ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us dgk D;k
vkius bls blfy;s ¼f'kxkQ+ djds½ QkM+ Mkyk gS fd vki
d'rh okykas dks x+d+Z dj nsa cs'kd vkius cM+h v+thc ckr
dhA ¼lw0& dg~Q+&71½
gt+jr ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ vkSj f[k+T+j

¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ d'rh dh ryk'k eas lkfgy ds
fdukjs pyus yxs tc muds ikl ls ,d d'rh xqt+jh rks
d'rh okykas us f[k+T+j ¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ dks igpku
fy;k vkSj cx+Sj eqvkot+k ds lokj dj fy;k tc d'rh
leqUnj ds chp eas igq¡ph rks gt+jr f[k+T+j ¼v+ySfgLlyke½
us dqygkM+h ds t+fj;s d'rh dk ,d r[+rk m[kkM+ fn;k ;s
ns[kdj gt+jr ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us Q+jek;k D;k rqeus
bl d'rh dks blfy;s phj fn;k rkfd d'rh okykas dks x+d+Z
dj nks cs'kd ;s rqeus cgqr cqjk dke fd;k gS bl eas
gt+jr f[+T+j ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dh b+Yeks fgder dh ,d
djker iks'khnk Fkh vkSj nwljh djker ;s Fkh fd d'rh esa
f'kxkQ+ gkus ds ckctwn d'rh u MwchA
(30)
d'rh esa f'kxkQ+ djus dh otg Hkh dq+jku esa et+dwj gS&
oks tks d'rh Fkh lks oks pUn x+jhc yksxkas dh Fkh oks nfj;k
eas esgur et+nwjh fd;k djrs Fks il eSaus bjknk fd;k fd
mls ,Scnkj dj nw¡ vkSj ¼mldh otg ;s Fkh fd½ muds
vkxs ,d ¼tkfcj½ ckn'kkg ¼[kM+k½ Fkk tks gj ¼cs ,Sc½
d'rh dks tcjnLrh ¼ekfydkas ls fcyk eqv+kot+k½ Nhu jgk
FkkA ¼lw0&dg~Q+&79½
fQj oks nksukasa py fn;s ;gk¡ rd fd nksuksa ,d yM+ds ls
feys rks ¼f[k+T+j v+ySfgLlyke us½ ml ¼yM+ds½ dks d+Ry
dj Mkyk rks ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us dgk D;k vki us cs
xqukg tku dks cx+Sj fdlh tku ¼ds cnys½ d+Ry dj fn;k
gS cs’kd vki us cM+k gh l[+r dke fd;k gSA
¼lw0&dg~Q+&74½
;kuh d’rh ls mrj dj nksuksa pys vkSj ,d ,sls

ed+ke ls xqt+js tgk¡ yM+ds [ksy jgs Fks ogk¡ mUgsa ,d
toku yM+dk feyk tks dkQ+h [kwclwjr Fkk rks f[+T+j
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us mls d+Ry dj fn;k ;s ns[kdj gt+jr
ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ ls fQj u jgk x;k vkSj vkius
Q+jek;k fd rqeus fdlh tku ds cnys ds cx+Sj ,d tku
ftldk dksbZ xqukg lkfcr u Fkk dks d+Ry dj fn;k cs’kd
rqeus cgqr ukilanhnk dke fd;k gS bl vk;r esa gt+jr
f[k+T+j ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dh ;s djker c;ku gqbZ gS fd
mUgksaus ed+rwy cPps vkSj mlds okfynSu ds vatke dks
tku fy;k fd oks eksfeu jgsaxs vkSj ;s yM+dk dkfQ+j gksxk
;s et+ewu dqjku us dqN bl rjg c;ku Q+jek;k&
vkSj oks tks yM+dk Fkk rks mlds ek¡&cki lkfgcs beku Fks
il geas vUns’kk gqvk fd ;s ¼vxj ft+Unk jgk rks dkfQ+j
(31)
cusxk vkSj½ mu nksuksa dks ¼cM+k gksdj½ ljd’kh vkSj dq¶+j

esa eqfCryk dj nsxk il geusa bjknk fd;k fd mudk jc
mUgas ¼,slk½ cny v+rk Q+jek;s tks ikdht+xh esa ¼Hkh½ ml
¼yM+ds½ ls csgrj gks vkSj ‘kQ+d+r o jge fnyh esa ¼Hkh
okfynSu ls½ d+jhc rj gksA ¼lw0&dg~Q+&80]81½
fQj nksuksa py fn;s ;gk¡ rd fd tc oks nksukas ,d cLrh
okyksa ds ikl vk igq¡ps rks nksuksa us ogk¡ ds ckf’kUnksa ls
[kkuk ryc fd;k rks mUgkasus mu nksukas dh est+ckuh djus
ls bUdkj dj fn;k fQj nksuksa us ogk¡ ,d nhokj ik;h tks
fxjus okyh Fkh rks ¼f[k+T+j v+ySfgLlyke us½ mls lh/kk dj
fn;k rks ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us dgk vxj vki pkgrs
rks bl ¼rkv+ehj½ ij et+nwjh ys ysrs ¼lw0&dg~Q&77½
tc oks nksuksa ,d cLrh okyksa ds ikl igq¡ps rks bu gt+jkr

us mu cLrh ds ckf’kUnksa ls [kkuk ek¡xk mUgksus bu nksuksa
dh esgeku uokt+h djus ls bUdkj dj fn;k fQj bu nksuksa
us ml cLrh esa ,d nhokj ikbZ tks fxjus okyh Fkh rks
gt+jr f[+kT+j ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us vius nLrs eqckjd ls mls
lh/kk dj fn;k ;s ns[kdj gt+jr ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ us
Q+jek;k fd vxj vki pkgrs rks bl nhokj dks lh/kh
djus ij dqN et+nwjh ys ysrs D;ksafd ;s gekjh gktr dk
oD+r gS vkSj cLrh okyksa us gekjh esgeku uokt+h Hkh ugha
dh blfy;s ,slh gkyr esa mudk dke cukus ij mtjr
ysuk equkflc Fkk bl vk;r esa f[+kT+j ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dh
;s djker c;ku gqbZ gS fd mUgksus t+ehu ds uhps dk
nQ+huk ekywe dj fy;kA
ftldks dqjku ethn us bl vankt+ esa c;ku Q+jek;k&
vkSj oks tks nhokj Fkh oks ‘kgj esa ¼jgus okys½ nks ;rhe
cPpksa dh Fkh vkSj mlds uhps mu nksuksa ds fy;s ,d&
(32)
[k+t+kuk ¼enQ+wu½ Fkk vkSj mudk cki lkysg ¼’k[+l½ Fkk

lks vkids jc us bjknk fd;k fd oks nksuksa viuh tokuh
dks igq¡p tk;sa vkSj vkids jc dh jger ls oks viuk
[k+t+kuk ¼[kqn gh½ fudkysa vkSj eSaus ¼tks dqN Hkh fd;k½
oks vt+ [kqn ugha fd;k ¼lw0&dg~Q+&82½
&% djkekrs lgkck %&
gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dh djker
gt+jr v+CnqYyk fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ ls

fjok;r gS fd gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us
,d y’dj Hkstk vkSj mu ij ,d ‘k[+l dks vehj eqd+jZj
Q+jek;k ftudks gt+jr lkfj;k dgk tkrk gS gt+jr m+ej
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ [kqRck&,&tqev+k bj’kkn Q+jek
jgs Fks fd ;dk;d vkius njfe;ku esa [kqRck NksM+dj rhu
ckj Q+jek;k ,s lkfj;k igkM+ dh rjQ+ tkvks bl rjg
gt+jr lkfj;k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dks igkM+ dh
rjQ+ tkus dk gqDe fn;k mlds ckn fQj [kqRck ‘kq: fd;k
gt+jr v+CnqjZjgeku fcu v+kSQ+ ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us ckn uekt+ gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls nj;k¶+r fd;k fd vki rks [kqRck bj’kkn
Q+jek jgs Fks fQj ;dk;d cqyUn vkokt+ ls dgus yxs
,s lkfj;k igkM+ dh rjQ+ tkvks ;s D;k eqv+keyk Fkk rks
gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us Q+jek;k fd
d+le gS [kqnk&,&jgeku dh eSa ,slk dgus ij etcwj gks
x;k Fkk fd eSaus eqlyekuksa dks ns[kk fd oks igkM+ ds ikl
yM+ gSa vkSj dq¶+Q+kj mudks vkxs ls vkSj ihNs ls ?ksjs gq;s
gSa ;s ns[kdj eq>ls t+Cr u gks ldk vkSj eSaus dg fn;k
fd ,s lkfj;k igkM+ dh rjQ+ tkvks bl okD+;s ds dqN&
(33)
jkst+ ckn gt+jr lkfj;k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dk

d+kfln ,d [k+r ysdj vk;k fd ge yksx tqekv+ ds fnu
dq¶+Q+kjkas ls yM+ jgs Fks vkSj d+jhc Fkk fd ge f‘kdLr
[kk tkrs exj ,S+u tqekv+ dh uekt+ ds oD+r geus fdlh
dh vkokt+ lquh fd ,s lkfj;k igkM+ dh rjQ+ tkvks ml
vkokTk+ dks lqudj ge igkM+ dh rjQ+ pys x;s rks
vYykg rv+kyk us dkfQ+jkas dks f’kdLr nh vkSj geus mUgsa
d+Ry dj Mkyk vkSj bl rjg gedks Q+rg gkfly gqbZA
¼fe’dkr&3/203&5700½ ¼vgen&Q+tkbys lgkck&1/219-355½
&% nhxj lgkck dh djkekr %&
gnhl& gt+jr v+ul fcu ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd gTk+jr mlSn fcu gqt+Sj o gt+jr
v+Cckn fcu fc’kj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ viuh
fdlh gktr ds eqrkv+fYyd+ uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ dh ckjxkg eas xq¶+rxq dj jgs Fks fd dqN
jkr xqt+j x;h vkSj oks l[+r va/ksjh jkr dk oD+r Fkk
tc oks okil tkus ds fy;s jlwyqYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ dh ckjxkg ls fudys rks nksuksa ds gkFkksa
esa ykfB;k¡ Fkh il ,d dh ykBh nksuksa ds fy;s jks’ku gks
x;h vkSj mlds mtkys esa oks nksukas pyrs jgs tc nksuksa
ds jkLrs tqnk gq;s rks nwljh dh ykBh Hkh jks’ku gks x;h
vkSj nksuksa gt+jkr viuh viuh ykBh ds mtkys esa vius
?kj okyksa rd igq¡p x;sA ¼cq[k+kjh&3/695&g0&3639½
¼fe’dkr&3/199&g0&5690½
gnhl& gt+jr tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us

Q+jek;k& fd tc x+t+ok mgn njis’k vk;k rks esjs okfyn
eksgrje us eq>s jkr ds oD+r cqykdj Q+jek;k fd esjs
[+;ky esa uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
ds vlgkc es ls tks gt+jkr ‘kghn gksaxs eSa muesa lcls
(34)
igys [kqn dks ikrk gw¡ eSa vius ckn fdlh dks ugha NksM+
jgk gw¡ tks jlwyqYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
dh t+krs v+d+nl ds flok eq>s rqe ls T+;knk v+t+ht+ gks
esjs Åij d+t+Z gS mls vnk dj nsuk vkSj viuh cguksa
ds eqrkv+fYyd+ esjh usdh dh olhv+r dqcwy djks lqcg
gqbZ rks lcls igys ogh ‘kghn gq;s vkSj ,d nwljs ‘kghn
ds lkFk mUgsa d+cz esa nQ+u fd;k x;kA
¼cq[k+kjh lgh&2/114-g0&1351½ ¼fe’dkr&3/199&g0&5691½
gnhl& gt+jr bCus eqUdnj ¼jft+vYykgq rvk+yk v+Ugq½

ls fjok;r gS fd jksfe;ksa dh ljt+ehu esa jlwyqYykg
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds vkt+kn dnkZ xqyke
gt+jr lQ+huk y’dj ls foNM+ x;s ;k d+Sn dj fy;s x;s
il oks Hkkx dj y’dj dks ryk’k djrs gq;s vk jgs Fks
rks ,d ‘ksj vk x;k Q+jek;k fd mUgkasus ‘ksj ls dgk fd
,s vcqy gkfjl eSa jlwyqYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ dk vkt+kn dnkZ xqyke gw¡ vkSj esjs lkFk ;s
okD+;k is’k vk;k gS ;kuh eSa jkLrk Hkwy x;k gw¡ ;k dkfQ+jksa
us eq>dks fxj¶+rkj dj fy;k Fkk ‘ksj nqe fgykrk gqvk
vkxs c<+k vkSj muds igyw esa [kM+k gks x;k tc oks dksbZ
[k+kSQ+ukd+ vkokt+ lqurk rks mldh tkfuc eqroTtS gksrk
;kuh mlds t+jj dks fnQ+k djus ds fy;s vkSj fQj okil
vk tkrk vkSj fQj lQ+huk ds igyw esa lkFk lkFk cjkcj
pyrk jgk ;gk¡ rd fd lQ+huk vius y’dj rd igq¡p
x;s fQj ‘ksj okil pyk x;kA ¼fe’dkr&3/201&g0&5695½
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk vius e[k+lwl o eqd+jZc

vkSj cjxqt+hnk cUnksa dks b+Yeks fgder o ekv+fjQ+r vkSj
b+Yes x+Sc ds [k+t+kuksa dh dqaft;k v+rk Q+jekrk gS vkSj
foyk;r dq+csZ bykgh vkSj ges'kk vYykg rv+kyk ds lkFk
jgus dk uke gS vkSj tc cUnk bl eqd+ke ij igq¡p
tkrk gS rks vYykg rv+kyk mUgsa mu iks'khnk ckrksa vkSj
jkt+ksa ij eqRrykv+ Q+jekrk gS tks oks ugha tkurs Fks&
(35)
vkSj oyh dh ,d v+yker ;s Hkh gS fd ftls ns[kus ls

vYykg ;kn vk tk;sA
et+dwjk reke nykby o vk;krs dqjku dh jks'kuh

esa ;s ckr ckt+sg rkSj lkfcr gqbZ fd vkSfy;k&,&fdjke
¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk v+ySfge½ ls djkekr dk t+gwj gksrk
gS tSls&vfEc;k&,&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlykrq oLlyke½ ls
eksftt+kr dk t+gwj gqvk gS vkSj ;s vgys lqUur ds
dkfey vkSfy;k&,&fdjke] mlwy&,&fQ+d+k ds cM+s&cM+s
m+Yek] Qqd+gk vkSj eqgfn~nlhu dk et+gc gS vkSj e'kfjd+
o ex+fjc vkSj v+jc o v+te esa budh fdrkcksa esa bl
ckr dh ljkgr ekStwn gS vkSj eksftt+kg vkSj djker esa
Q+dZ+ ;s gS fd eksftt+kg uch vkSj jlwy ls lkfnj gksrk gS
vkSj djker oyh ls lkfnj gksrh gS vkSfy;k&,&fdjke
¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk v+ySfge½ ls djkekrksa ds lqnwj ij
dqjku ethn vkSj cdljr vgknhl eqckjdk esa nykby
ekStwn gSa vkSj vkSfy;k&vYykg dh djkekrksa dk bUdkj
xks;k dqjvku o vgknhl ls bUdkj gSA
(36)
&% vkSfy;k vYykg ft+Unk gSa %&

ckt+ cn v+d+hnk yksx ;s dgrs gSa fd cqtqxksZa ds et+kjkr
ij tkdj eqnksZa dks iqdkjuk uktkbt+ o f'kdZ gS gkyk¡fd
muds ikl nykby ds uke ij flQZ t+krh jk; o t+krh
fd+;kl vkSj tkgfyf;r dh lksp ls lkfnj gksus okys cs
cqfu;knh [k+;kykr ds flok dqN Hkh ugha gSa tcfd dqjku
o vgknhl ds nykby ls ljkgru ;s ckr lkfcr vkSj
vk'kdkj gS fd eqnksZa dks iqdkjuk tkbt+ gS vkSj vYykg
rv+kyk ds reke vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ vkSj
reke vkSfy;k&fdjke o lwfQ+;k&bt+ke ¼jgerqYykfg
rv+kyk v+ySfge½ rks ft+Unk gSa vkSj ges'kk ft+Unk jgsaxs
buls v+kyes vrjkQ+ o vdukQ+ ds yksx eqLrQ+ht+ o
eqLrQ+hn gksrs gSa vkSj oks lqurs Hkh gSa vkSj tokc Hkh nsrs
gSa vkSj gktr jôkbZ Hkh djrs gSa vkSj ekSr ,d t+k;d+k
gS vkSj #g dks dHkh ekSr ugha vkrh vkSj buds vykok
oQ+kr ik;s gq,s gj vke o [k+kl dks iqdkjuk tkbt+ gS
tks fd dqjku o vgknhl ls lkfcr gSA
dq+jku ethn esa vYykg rv+kyk bj'kkn Q+jekrk gS&
lks rqe pkj ifjUns idM+ yks fQj mUgsa viuh rjQ+
ekuwl ¼ilan½ dj yks fQj ¼mUgsa ft+Cgk djds½ mudk
,d ,d VqdM+k ,d ,d igkM+ ij j[k nks fQj mUgsa
iqdkjks oks rqEgkjs ikl nkSM+rs gq, vk tk;saxsA
¼lw0&cd+jkg&260½
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us fdlh ft+Unk] o eqnkZ] x+k;c]

o gkft+j] nwj] o ut+nhd] ;kuh fdlh dks iqdkjus dh
dksbZ d+Sn ugha yxkbZ gS vkSj dqjku o vgknhl esa bldh
dgha ij Hkh eqekfu;r okfjn ugha gS vkSj bldks f'kdZ o
uktkbt+ dgus okyksa ds nykby o v+d+kbn lc ckfry gSa
(37)
gt+jr lkysg vkSj gt+jr 'kq,sc ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ us

viuh d+kSe dks mudh gykdr ds ckn iqdkjk&
gt+jr lkysg ¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ dk fd+Llk lwjg0&
vkv+jkQ+ esa bl rjg c;ku gqvk gS&
il eqrkdfCcj yksx dgus yxs cs'kd ftl ¼pht+½ ij rqe
bZeku yk;s gks ge mlds l[+r eqfUdj gSa il mUgksaus
Å¡Vuh dks ¼dkV dj½ ekj Mkyk vkSj vius jc ds gqDe
ls ljd'kh dh vkSj dgus yxs ,s lkysg rqe oks ¼v+t+kc½
gekjs ikl ys vkvks ftldh rqe gesa ob+Zn lqukrs Fks vxj
rqe ¼okd+bZ½ jlwyksa esa ls gks lks mUgsa l[+r t+yt+ys ¼ds
v+t+kc½ us vk idM+k il oks ¼gykd gksdj½ lqcg vius
?kjksa esa vksa/ksa iM+s jg x;s fQj ¼lkysg v+ySfgLlyke us½
muls eq¡g Qsj fy;k vkSj dgk ,s esjh d+kSe cs'kd eSaus
rqEgsa vius jc dk iSx+ke igq¡pk fn;k Fkk vkSj ulhgr Hkh
dj nh Fkh ysfdu rqe ulhgr djus okyksa dks ilUn gh
ugha djrsA
¼lw0&vkv+jkQ+&76&rk&79½
gt+jr 'kq,sc ¼v+ySfgLlykrq oLlyke½ dk fd+Llk blh
lwjg0&vkv+jkQ+ esa dqN vkxs ;w¡ bl rjg c;ku gqvk&
il mUgsa 'knhn t+yt+ys ¼ds v+t+kc½ us vk idM+k lks oks
¼gykd gks dj½ lqcg vius ?kjksa esa vksa/ks iM+s jg x;s
ftu ykskxksa us 'kq,sc ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dks >qByk;k ¼oks ,sls
usLr o ukcwn gks x;s½ xks;k oks ml ¼cLrh½ esa ¼dHkh½ cls
gh u Fks ftu yksxksa us 'kq,sc ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dks >qByk;k
¼gd+hd+r esa½ ogh uqd+lku mBkus okys gks x;s rc ¼'kq,sc
v+ySfgLlyke½ muls fdukjk d'k gks x;s vkSj dgus yxs
,s esjh d+kSe cs'kd eSaus rqEgsa vius jc ds iSx+kekr igq¡pk
fn;s Fks vkSj eSaus rqEgsa ulhgr Hkh dj nh Fkh fQj eSa
dkfQ+j d+kSe ¼ds rckg gksus½ ij vQ+lksl D;ksa d#¡A
¼lw0&vkv+jkQ+&91&rk&93½
(38)
et+dwjk nksuksa vk;rksa ls ekywe gqvk fd nksuksa iSxEcjksa us

;s f[k+rkc viuh d+kSe ls mudh gykdr ds ckn fd;k FkkA
vYykg rv+kyk ds ed+cwy o e[k+lwl cUns nwj ls

Hkh gekjh iqdkj dks lqurs gSa [+okg uwjs ucwor ls ;k uwjs
foyk;r ls vkSj gekjh gktr jôkbZ Hkh djrs gSa vkSj
dqjku [kqn Q+jek jgk gS fd vYykg ds cjxqt+hnk cUns nwj
ls Hkh lqurs gSa vkSj tokc Hkh nsrs gSa vkSj oks gktr jôk
vkSj eqf'dy dq'kk Hkh gSaA
Q+jekus [kqnk oUnh gS&
¼,s gchc½ vki mu jlwykas ls iwNsa tks jlwy geus vki ls
igys Hksts fd D;k geus ¼[kqnk;s½ jgeku ds flok dksbZ
vkSj ekv+cwn cuk;s Fks fd mudh ijfLr'k dh tk;sA
¼lw0&tq+[k+jqQ+&45½
bl vk;rs djhek ij x+kSj djks fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq

rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds t+ekus eas lkfcd+hu vfEc;k
¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ oQ+kr ik pqds Fks exj jc rv+kyk Q+jek
jgk gS ,s egcwc mu oQ+kr ;k¶+rk jlwykas ls iwNks fd D;k
dksbZ [kqnk ds flok dksbZ vkSj ekv+cwn gS vkSj iwNk mlls
tkrk gS tks lqu Hkh ys vkSj tokc Hkh ns rks ekv+ywe gqvk
fd vYykg rv+kyk ds e[k+lwl cUns ckn oQ+kr lqurs Hkh
gSa vkSj cksyrs Hkh gS ftl rjg esv+jkt dh jkr reke
oQ+kr ;k¶+rk jlwykas us gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ ds ihNs uekt+ i<+hA
&% gqtwj ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk d+cz okyksa ls eq[k+kfrc gksuk %&
gt+jr cqjSnk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd

uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ tc d+czksa
ij r'kjhQ+ ys tkrs rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySg
(39)
olYye½ Q+jekrs ,s eksfeuksa rqe ij lyke gS vkSj ,s

eqlyekuksa rqe ij lyke gS vkSj ,s eqlykekuksa ds ?kj
okyks rqe ij lyke gS vkSj vYykg rv+kyk us pkgk rks
ge rqels eqykd+kr djsaxs rqe gels vkxs x;s gks vkSj
ge rqEgkjs ihNs gSa eSa vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ls
lykerh pkgrk gw¡ rqe yksxsa ds okLrs vkSj vius okLrsA
¼ulkbZ&3/661&g0&2044½
&% gqtwj v+ySfgLlyke dk cnj ds eD+rwyhu ls f[krkc %&

gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½
Q+jekrs gS fd ge gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugq½ ds gejkg Fks eDdk vkSj enhuk ds ekcSu fQj
vkius gesa vgys cnj ds eqrkv+fYyd+ gnhl c;ku
Q+jekbZ il mUgksaus Q+jek;k fd uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us gesa dq¶+Q+kj ds lkFk yM+kbZ
'kq# gksus ls ,d jkst+ igys nwljs jkst+ d+Ry gksus okys
dq¶+Q+kjksa dh tk, gykdr fn[kk jgs Fks vkSj vki Q+jekrs
tkrs Fks fd bU'kk vYykg dy ;s Qqyak dkfQ+j dk eD+ry
gksxk vkSj ;s Qqyak ds d+Ry gksus dh txg gS gt+jr m+ej
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ Q+jekrs gSa ml t+kr dh d+le
ftlus vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dks gd+
ds lkFk ecÅ+l Q+jek;k mu dq¶+Q+kjksa ds eqrkv+fYyd+
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us tks txg
eqrb;u Q+jekbZ Fkh oks mu gqnwn ls t+jk Hkh b/kj m/kj
u fxjs fQj mudks ,d nwljs ds Åij cnj ds dq,s esa
Mky fn;k x;k fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ pys gRrk fd muds ikl igq¡p x;s vkSj
Q+jek;k ,s Qqyak bCus Qqyak D;k rqeus ml ok;ns dks
ik fy;k tks vYykg us vkSj mlds jlwy us rqEgkjs lkFk
fd;k Fkk rgd+hd+ fd eSaus ml ok;ns dks gd+ ik;k tks&
(40)
tks vYykg rv+kyk us esjs lkFk fd;k gS gt+jr m+ej

¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ls v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg vki bu
eqnkZ dq¶+Q+kjksa ds lkFk dSls dyke Qjeak jgs gSa ftuds
vUnj #g ugha gS rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k tks dqN Hkh eSa buls dg jgk gw¡
rqe bu eqnkZ dq¶+Q+kjksa ls T+;knk ugha lqu jgsA
¼cq[k+kjh lgh&4/202-g0&4026, o 2/126-g0&1370½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/403-g0&7222½
¼vcw nkÅn&lquu&3/172-g0&2681½
¼bCus fgCcku&lgh&7/501-g0&6498½
&% vfEc;k ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ viuh d+czksa esa ft+Unk gSa %&

gt+jr vcw njnk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r
gS fd jlwys vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us Q+jek;k fd tqekv+ ds fnu eq> ij dljr ls nq#n
Hkstk djks D;ksafd ;s ;kses e'kgwn ¼gkft+j gksus dk½ fnu
gS bl fnu Q+fj'rs gkft+j gksrs gSa vkSj tc dksbZ Hkh
'k[+l eq> ij nq#n Hkstrk gS rks mlds Q+kfjx+ gksus ls
igys mldk nw#n eq> ij is'k dj fn;k tkrk gS gt+jr
vcw njnk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dgrs gSa eSaus v+tZ+
fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
vkidh oQ+kr ds ckn gekjk nq#n vki ij fdl rjg
is'k gksxk rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k& vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us t+ehu ds fy;s
gjke dj fn;k fd oks vfEc;k fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½
ds ftLeksa dks [kk;sA
¼bCus ektk&lgh&1/554-g0&1636½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&1/525-g0&1377½
¼vRrjx+hc oRrjghc&2/328-g0&2582½
(41)
&% gqtwj v+ySfgLlyke gj lyke dk tokc nsrs gSa %&

gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r
gS fd ljdkjs nks v+kye ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k&dksbZ Hkh 'k[+l eq> ij lyke
Hkstrk gS rks cs'kd eSa mlds lyke dk tokc nsrk gw¡
D;ksafd vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us esjh #g ykSVk nh
gqbZ gSA
¼vgen fcu gEcy&vy eqLun&2/527-g0&10827½
¼cSgd+h&’kqv+cqy bZeku&2/217-g0&1581,4161½
&% vYykg ds eqd+jZc cUns d+czksa esa ft+Unk gksrs gSa %&
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu v+Cckl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugqek½ ls fjok;r gS fd ,d lgkch us ,d d+cz ij
[ksek yxk;k ;s u tkurs gq;s fd ;gk¡ d+cz gS fQj
vpkud irk pyk fd ;s d+cz gS vkSj mlesa lwjg eqYd+
i<+h tk jgh gS ;gk¡ rd fd i<+us okys us mls [k+Re dj
fy;k oks lgkch uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ dh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gqvk vkSj lkjk gky
c;ku fd;k rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us Q+jek;k&;s lwjr v+t+kcs d+cz dks jksdus okyh vkSj
mlls futkr nsus okyh gS ¼frfeZt+h&lquu&2/548-g0&2890½
¼cSgd+h&’kqv+cqy bZeku&2/495-g0&2510½
& eqnkZ twrksa dh vkokt+ lqurk gS &

gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd
gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&fd
cUns dks tc mldh d+cz esa j[kk tkrk gS vkSj mlds lkFkh
tc ykSVrs gSa rks oks muds twrksa dh vkokt+ dks lqurk gSA
(42)
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/462-g0&1308 o 1/448-g0&1673½
¼eqfLye&lgh&4/2200-g0&2870½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&4/97-g0&2051½
et+dwjk dqjku o vgknhl dh jks’kuh o nykby ls

;s ckr lkfcr gqbZ fd oQ+kr ik;s gq;s reke vke o
[k+kl vkSj vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ o vkSfy;k&
fdjke ¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk v+ySfge½ dks iqdkjuk vkSj
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ds eqd+fjZchu vkSSj e[k+lwl
cUnksa ls enn o gktr ryc djuk tkbt+ gSA
vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ds reke vfEc;k&fdjke

¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ o ‘kqgnk&fdjke ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugqe½ vkSj vkSfy;k&fdjke ¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk
v+ySfge½ ft+Unk gSa vkSj oks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk dh
rjQ+ ls fjT+d+ ikrs gaS vkSj m+Eers eqfLyek ds gktr jôk
vkSj mudh futkr dk t+fj;k gSa vfEc;k&fdjke
¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ o vkSfy;k&fdjke ¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk
v+ySfge½ vkSj usd lkfyghu cUns viuh viuh d+czksa eas
ft+Unk gSa bl ekStwv+ ij gekjh rkv+yhQ+ dnkZ fdrkc
^^g;krquuch** bU’kk vYykg v+ud+jhc eUt+js vke ij
gksxh bl fdrkc eas vYgEnq fyYykg eSaus vfEc;k&fdjke
¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ o vkSfy;k&fdjke ¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk
v+ySfge½ ds viuh viuh d+czkas esa ft+Unk gksus dh dqjku
o vgknhl ds nykby ls rQ+lhyh xq¶+rxw rgjhj dh gSA
(43)
&% ‘kkus vkSfy;k vgknhl dh jks’kuh esa %&
& cUnk uokfQ+y ds t+fj;s vYykg dk dqcZ ikrk gS &

gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r
gS fd uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k& fd vYykg rv+kyk us bj’kkn Q+jek;k gS fd
ftlus esjs fdlh oyh ls nq’euh dh mlds f[k+ykQ+ esjh
rjQ+ ls ,sykus tax gS vkSj esjk cUnk eqlyly uokfQ+y
ds t+fj;s esjk dqcZ gkfly djrk gS ;gk¡ rd fd eSa mlls
eqgCcr djus yxrk gw¡ fQj eSa mlds dku cu tkrk gw¡
ftlds lkFk oks lqurk gS vkSj eSa mldh vk¡[k cu tkrk
gw¡ ftlds lkFk oks ns[krk gS vkSj eSa mldk gkFk cu
tkrk gw¡ ftlds lkFk oks idM+rk gS vkSj eSa mlds ik¡o
cu tkrk gw¡ ftlds lkFk oks pyrk gS vxj oks eq>ls
loky djs rks eSa t+#j mls v+rk Q+jekrk gw¡ vxj oks
eq>ls iukg dk rkfyc gks rks eSa mls iukg nsrk gw¡
eksfeu ekSr dh rdyhQ+ dks ilan ugha djrk vkSj eq>s
Hkh mldks rdyhQ+ nsuk vPNk ugha yxrkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/84-g0&6502½
¼cSgd+h&lquu dqcjk&10/219 &o&2/269-g0&696½
et+dwjk gnhls eqckjdk ls geas vkSfy;k&vYykg

dh ‘kkuks v+t+er o d+njks efUt+yr dk irk pyrk gS fd
mudh ‘kkuks v+t+er cgqr cqyUn o ckyk gS vkSj mudh
'kkuks v+t+er dk ;s v+kye fd vYykg ds okfy;ksa ls cqX+t+
o v+nkcr j[kuk xks;k vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ls cqX+t+
o v+nkcr j[kuk gS D;ksafd gnhls eqckjdk ds vYQ+kt+ bl
ckr ij nykyr djrs gSa fd tks vYykg ds ofy;ksa ls
nq’euh j[ks rks vYykg rv+kyk ml nq’euh j[kus okys ls
tax dk ,syku dj jgk gS vkSj bl gnhls eqckjdk&
(44)
ls ;s Hkh ekv+ywe gqvk fd vYykg ds vkSfy;k dq+csZ

bykgh ds v+t+he eUlc ij Q+kbt+ gksrs gSa vkSj ;s gnhls
eqckjdk bl ckr ij Hkh nykyr djrh gS fd vkSfy;k&
vYykg ds roLlqy ls tks gktr ryc dh tk;s oks
ckjxkgs [kqnkoUnh eas ed+cwy gksrh gS D;ksafd vYykg
rv+kyk t+fj;k&,&jlwy bl gnhl eas [kqn Q+jeka jgk gS
fd vkSfy;k&vYykg jc rv+kyk ls tks ryc djrs ;k tks
loky djrs gSa rks vYykg rv+kyk mUgas v+rk Q+jekrk gS
vkSj ;s gnhls eqckjdk bl ckr ij Hkh nykyr

djrh gS fd [k+okrhu dk vkSfy;k&vYykg dh et+kjkr dh
ft+;kjr djuk tkbt+ o ckbls [k+Sj gS D;kasfd vkSfy;k&
vYykg gek oD+r [k+kl dq+csZ bykgh eas jgrs gSa vkSj tc
muds ftLeh v+kt+k tSlk fd bl gnhl esa et+dwj gS fd
vYykg rv+kyk Q+jek jgk gS fd eSa muds ik¡o cu tkrk
gw¡ ftlls oks pyrk gS vkSj eSa muds gkFk cu tkrk gw¡
ftlls oks idM+rk gS vkSj eSa mudh vk¡[ks cu tkrk gw¡
ftlls oks ns[krk gS rks ftldh vk¡[ksa uwjs bykgh ls ns[krh
gksa rks ml oyh&vYykg ds lkeus [k+okrhu dk fdlh Hkh
gky esa tkus esa dksbZ d+ckgr ugha vkSj tks vk¡[ksa vYykg
ds uwj ls equOoj gksa mu vk¡[kksa ds lkeus [k+okrhu dk
tkuk dSls uktkbt+ gks ldrk gS
vkSj bl gnhls ikd ls ;s Hkh ekywe gqvk fd

vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk vius ofy;ksa ls eqgCcr djrk
gS vkSj eqgCcr dk rd+kt+k ;s gksrk gS fd tc vYykg
eqfgc gks vkSj cUnk esgcwc gks rks fQj ml cUns ds
ed+ke vkSj ejkfrc dk v+kye D;k gksxk ftls gj v+D+y
le>us ij d+kflj gS vkSj vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk
vius vkSfy;k dks oks lc dqN v+rk Q+jekrk gS ftldk
oks rkfyc gksrk gS fQj mu vkSfy;k&vYykg ls vke o
[k+kl vkSj enZ o v+kSjr lc QS+t+;kc gksrs gSaA
(45)
& gt+jr moSl d+juh dh ‘kkuks v+t+er &
gnhl u0&1& gt+jr m+ej fcu [k+Rrkc ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us bj’kkn Q+jek;k&rkcbZu esa ,d
csgrjhu ‘k[+l gS ftls moSl dgrs gSa mldh ,d ek¡ gS
¼ftldh ns[kHkky esa oks el#Q+ jgrk gS½ vkSj ml ¼ds
,d gkFk½ ij lQs+nh Hkh gS lks rqe ¼mlds ikl tkuk
vkSj½ vius fy;s ex+fQjr dh nqv+k ds fy;s mlls dgukA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/181-g0&6491½
¼gkfde&vy eqLrnjd&3/456-g0&5720½
¼nsyeh&vy fQjnkSl&2/177-g0&2886½
¼cSgd+h&’kqvcqy bZeku&5/219-g0&6798½
gnhl u0&2& mlSj fcu tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugq½ us ls fjok;r gS fd dwQ+k ds yksx gt+jr m+ej
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ds ikl vk;s vkSj muesa ls
,d 'k[+l Fkk tks moSl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
et+kd+ fd;k djrk Fkk ¼D;ksafd oks ugha tkurk Fkk fd ;s
vYykg ds oyh gSa vkSj moSl viuk gky Nqikrs Fks ¼vkSj
v+kfjQ+ksa dk ;gh rkjhd+k gksrk gS½ rks gt+jr m+ej Q+k#d+
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us dgk fd ;gk¡ fd+ju dk Hkh
dksbZ 'k[+l gS rks oks 'k[+l cksyk gk¡ rc gt+jr m+ej
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us mlls Q+jek;k fd eq>ls
gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k Fkk&
fd ;eu esa ,d ‘k[+l gS ftldk uke moSl gS mldks
clZ ¼lQ+sn nkx+½ dh lQ+snh gksxh rks mlus vYykg ls
nqv+k dh rks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us mldh lQ+snh
mlds cnu ls nwj dj nh flok;s ,d fnjge ds il
rqeesa ls tks dksbZ mldks feys rks vius fy;s mlls nqv+k
djk;sA ¼eqfLye&lgh&6/180-g0&6490½
(46)
gnhl u0&3& gt+jr mlSj fcu tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ds ikl ;eu ls tc Hkh yksx vkrs rks oks
muls iwNrs fd rqe esa dksbZ moSl fcu v+kfej uke dk
dksbZ 'k[+l gS ;gk¡ rd fd gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ [kqn m+oSl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ds
ikl vk;s vkSj muls iwNk fd rqEgkjk uke moSl fcu
v+kfej gS mUgksaus dgk gk¡ fQj iwNk rqe fd+ju ls gks
mUgksaus dgk gk¡ fQj iwNk fd rqedks clZ Fkk oks vPNk
gks x;k exj vc fnjge cjkcj ckd+h gS mUgksaus dgk
gk¡ fQj iwNk rEgkjh ek¡ gS mUgksaus dgk gk¡ rc gt+jr&
m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us dgk&
fd eSaus jlqyqYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg

olYye½ ls lquk gS fd vki Q+jekrs Fks fd ;eu esa ,d
'k[+l gS tks fd+ju dk jgus okyk gS vkSj mldk uke
moSl fcu v+kfej gS mldks clZ Fkk exj vPNk gks x;k
exj vc fnjge cjkcj ckd+h gS vkSj mldh ,d ek¡ gS
oks mlds lkFk usdh djrk gS vkSj mldk gky ;s gS fd
vxj oks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ds Hkjksls ij d+le
[kk ys rks vYykg rv+kyk mldks lPpk djns fQj vxj
gks lds rks mlls vius fy;s nqv+k djkuk rks vki esjs
fy;s nqv+k Qjeak nsa fQj moSl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½
us gt+jr m+ej ds fy;s cf[+'k'k dh nqv+k Q+jekbZ fQj
gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us muls iwNk fd
vki dgk¡ tkus dk bjknk j[krs gSa mUgksaus tokc fn;k fd
eSa dwQ+k tkus dk bjknk j[krk gw¡ rc gt+jr m+ej
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us muls dgk fd eSa dwQ+k ds
gkfde ds uke vkids fy;s [k+r fy[k nsrk gw¡ mUgksus dgk
fd eq>s [k+kdlkjksa esa jguk vPNk ekywe gksrk gSA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/181-g0&6492½
(47)
ckfry v+d+hnk vkSj euQ+h lksp j[kus okys yksxksa dks bu

vgknhls eqcjjdk ls b+cjr ysuk pkfg;s fd uch vdje
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dk ;s Q+jekuk fd
moSl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls nqv+k djkuk ;s bl
ckr dh rjQ+ b'kkjk gS fd vkSfy;k vYykg dh nqv+k
ckjxkgs [kqnkoUnh esa tYn vkSj t+#j dqcwy gksrh gSa vkSj
vkSfy;k vYykg dks viuh nqv+k esa olhyk cukuk nqv+k ds
ed+cwy gkus dk ckbl gS vkSj bl gnhl ls ;s Hkh ekywe
gqvk fd vkSfy;k vYykg ed+kes foyk;r ds ml eUlc
ij Q+kbt+ gkrs gSa fd vxj oks vYykg rv+kyk ds Hkjksls
d+le [kk ysa rks vYykg rv+kyk mls lPpk dj nsrk gSA
& vfEc;k vkSfy;k dks ns[kdj j’d djsaxs &

gt+jr m+ej fcu [k+Rrkc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
fjok;r gS fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us bj’kkn Q+jek;k& cs’kd+ vYykg rv+kyk ds dqN ,sls
cjxqt+hnk cUns gSa tks u vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½
gSa u ‘kqgnk&fdjke ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe½ gSa ysfdu
d+;ker ds fnu vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ vkSj
‘kqgnk&fdjke ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe½ mudks vYykg
rv+kyk dh rjQ+ ls v+rk dnkZ ed+ke o ejkfrc o
eukft+y dks ns[kdj oks mu ij j’d djsaxs lgkck&fdjke
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe½ us v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ vki gesa muds ckjs esa
crk,sa fd oks dkSu yksx gSa rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&oks ,sls yksx gSa ftudh okgeh
eqgCcr flQ+Z vYykg rv+kyk ds [k+kfrj gksrh gS u fd
fj’rnkjksa vkSj u ekyh ysu nsu dh otg ls vkSj vYykg
rv+kyk dh d+le muds psgjs uwj gksaxs vkSj oks iqj uwj
gksaxs mUgsa dksbZ [k+kSQ+ u gksxk tc yksx [k+kSQ+ t+nk gksaxs
vkSj mUgsa dksbZ x+e u gksxk tc yksx x+e t+nk gksaxs fQj
(48)
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us ;s vk;r

frykor Q+jekbZ&vyk bUuk vkSfy;k vYykfg yk [k+kSQqu
v+ySfge oykgqe ;gt+uwu0 ¼lw0&;wuql&62½
¼[k+cjnkj cs’kd+ vkSfy;k vYykg ij u dksbZ [k+kSQ gS
vkSj u oks jathnk o x+exhu gksaxs½A
¼frfeZt+h&lquu&2/225-g0&2390½
¼ulkbZ&lquu dqcjk&6/36-g0&11236½
¼cSgd+h&’kqvcqy bZeku&6/486-g0&8998½
gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls

us Q+jek;k&vYykg rv+kyk ds dqN cUns ,sls gSa tks
vfEc;k ugha gSa ysfdu vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½
o ‘kqgnk&fdjke ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe½ mu ij
j’d djsaxs vt+Z fd;k x;k fd oks dkSu yksx gSa rkfd ge
muls eqgCcr djsa rks vki rks ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k&fd oks ,sls cUns gSa tks vkil esa
fdlh d+jkornkjh vkSj okLrk ds cx+Sj egt+ vYykg
rv+kyk dh [+kkfrj eqgCcr djrs gSa muds psgjs iqj uwj
gksaxs vkSj oks uwj ds feEcjksa ij tyok vQ+jkst+ gksaxs vkSj
mUgsa dksbZ [k+kSQ u gksxk tc yksx [k+kSQ t+nk gksaxs vkSj
mUgsa u dksbZ x+e gksxk tc yksx x+et+nk gksaxs fQj vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us ;s vk;r frykor
Q+jekbZ& [k+cjnkj cs’kd vkSfy;k vYykg ij u dksbZ
[k+kSQ+ gS vkSj u oks jathnk o x+exhu gksaxsA
¼vcw ;v+kyk&vy eqLun&10/495-g0&6110½
¼cSgd+h&’kqvcqy bZeku&6/485-g0&8997,8999½
¼eqUt+jh&vRrjx+hc oRrjghc&4/12-g0&4580½
(49)
& ftUgsa ns[kus ls vYykg ;kn vk tk;s &

gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu v+Cckl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½
ls fjok;r gS fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
ls vkSfy;k&vYykg ds eqrkv+fYyd+ loky fd;k x;k rks
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k& fd
oks yksx ftUgsa ns[kus ls vYykg ;kn vk tk;s ¼oks vkSfy;k
vYykg gSa½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&dqcjk&6/362-g0&11235½
¼gsleh&etemTt+okbn&10/78½
¼bCus ektk&lquu&3/352-g0&4119½

v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd v+t+Z fd;k x;k ;k jlwyYykg
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ gekjs csgrjhu ge
u’khu dkSu yksx gSa rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k& oks yksx ftudk nhnkj rqEgsa vYykg
dh ;kn fnyk;s vkSj ftldh xq¶+rxw rqEgkjs b+Ye esa bt+kQ+k
djs vkSj ftldk v+ey rqEgsa vkf[k+jr dh ;kn fnyk;sA
¼vcw ;vkyk&vy eqLun&4/326-g0&2437½
¼vcw uq,Se&fgy;krqy vkSfy;k&7/46½
¼datqy m+Eeky&9/28,37-g0&24764,24820½
gt+jr vLek fcUrs ;t+hn ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½

Q+jekrs Fks D;k eSa rq>ls c;ku u d#¡ mu yksxksa dk gky
tks vYykg ds csgrj cUns gSa v+t+Z fd;k x;k D;ksa ugha ;k
jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ c;ku
Q+jekb;s& rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k& rqeesa ls csgrj oks yksx gSa fd tc mudks dksbZ
ns[ks rks vYykg ;kn vk tk;sA
(50)
& vYykg ds ft+Ø dh daqft;k¡ &
gt+jr v+CnqYyk fcu elÅn ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

us bj’kkn Q+jek;k ;d+huu ckt+ yksx vYykg rv+kyk ds
ft+Ø dh dqaft;k¡ gSa mUgsa ns[kdj vYykg rv+kyk ;kn vk
tkrk gSA
¼rcjkuh&eqv+te dchj&10/205-g0&10476½
¼gsleh&etemT+t+okbn&10/78½
& vYykg ds oyh xnZ vkywn gksrs &
gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk vUgq½ ls fjok;r

gS fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us bj’kkn
Q+jek;k&fdrus gh yksx ,sls gksrs gSa tks ijs’kku gky vkSj
cky xqckj vkywnk njokt+ksa ij ls /kdsys gq;s ¼tks ijkxUnk
gky ftUgsa njokt+ksa ls /kqrdkj fn;k tkrk gS½ ¼exj vYykg
rv+kyk ds ut+nhd mudk ;s ed+ke gksrk gS fd½ vxj oks
fdlh eqv+keys esa vYykg rv+kyk dh d+le [kkysa rks
vYykg rv+kyk mls t+#j iwjk Q+jeka nsrk gSA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/231-g0&6682,6/391-g0&7190½
¼;kuh [kqnk ds ut+nhd oks ed+cwy gSa vkSj nqfu;k¡ ds
ut+nhd gd+hj gSa½

us Q+jek;k& fdrus gh fc[kjs ckyksa okys xqckj vkywnk
QVs iqjkus diM+ksa okys ¼tks ckjxkgs [kqnkoUnh esa ed+cwy½
gksrs gSa exj ftUgsa yksx gdkjr dh ut+j ls ns[krs gSa
vxj oks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk ij d+le [kkysa rks
(51)
vYykg rv+kyk mUgsa mlesa lPpk dj ns gt+jr cjk fcu

ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ Hkh mUgha esa ls gSaA
¼rcjkuh&eqv+te vkSlr&1/487-g0&861½
& vYykg ds fy;s [kq’k o ukjkt+ &
gt+jr v+Ej fcu gfed ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls

fjok;r gS fd ljdkjs nks v+kye ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k& cUnk ml oD+r rd bZeku dh
gd+hd+r dks ugha ik ldrk tc rd fd oks vYykg ds
fy;s cqXt+ u j[ks vkSj vYykg ds fy;s ¼fdlh ls½ jkt+h
u gks vkSj tc mlus ;s dke dj fy;k rks mlus bZeku
dh gd+hd+r dks ik fy;k vkSj cs’kd+ esjs vgokc vkSj
vkSfy;k oks yksx gSa fd esjk ft+Ø djus ls oks ;kn vk
tkrs gSa vkSj mudk ft+Ø djus ls eSa ;kn vk tkrk gw¡A
¼rcjkuh&vy eqv+te vkSlr&1/203-g0&651½
¼nsyeh&vy fQ+jnkSl&5/152-g0&7789½
& gt+jr mLeku us Q+jek;k ;gk¡ ,d usd nQ+u gksxk &
gt+jr ekfyd Q+jekrs gaS fd gt+jr mLeku ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dks 'kghn fd;k x;k fQj vkidks nQ+u djus
dk bjknk fd;k tc mudk tukt+k mBk;k vkSj ,d ckx+ esa
yk;k x;k rks gt+jr ekfyd Q+jekrs gSa fd gt+jr mLeku
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ blls igys bl ckx+ ds ikl ls
xqtjs Fks vkSj Q+jek;k Fkk fd ;gk¡ ,d usd vkneh dks
nQ+u fd;k tk;sxkA ¼pquk¡pk vki [kqn ogk¡ nQ+u fd;s x;s½
(52)
¼rcjkuh&eqv+te dchj&1/123-g0&107½
¼bCus vlkdj&rkjh[k+ nfe’d+&39/532½
& gt+jr mLeku dk [+okc &
gt+jr v+CnqYyk fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk vUgqek½

fjok;r djrs gSa fd gt+jr mLeku ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugq½ us ,d fnu lqcg ds oD+r Q+jek;k&fd eSaus vkt
jkr dks [+okc esa gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
dh ft+;kjr dh vkSj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k& ,s mLeku vkt dk jkst+k gekjs ikl
v¶+rkj djksxs lks ml fnu gt+jr mLeku ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us jkst+k j[kk vkSj mlh fnu vkidks ‘kghn
dj fn;k x;kA
¼bCus vch ‘kSck&vy eqlfUuQ+&6/181-g0&30510,3051½
¼bCus vlkdj&rkjh[k nfe’d+&39/384½
& gt+jr ekSyk v+yh dk fd+ys dk njokt+k mBkuk &
gt+jr vcw jkQs+v+ ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r

gS fd tc ljdkjs nks v+kye ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us gt+jr ekSyk v+yh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½
dks viuk >.M+k nsdj [k+Scj dh rjQ+ jôkuk fd;k rks
ge Hkh muds lkFk Fks tc ge fd+yk [k+Scj ds ikl igq¡ps
tks enhuk equOojk ds d+jhc gS rks [k+Scj okys vki ij
VwV iM+s vki csfelky cgknqjh dk eqt+kgjk dj jgs Fks fd
vpkud vki ij ,d ;gwnh us pksV djds vkids gkFk ls
<+ky fxjk nh bl ij gt+jr ekSyk v+yh us fd+ys dk ,d&
(53)
njokt+k m[ksM+ dj mls viuh <+ky cuk fy;k vkSj mls

<+ky dh gSfl;r ls vius gkFk esa fy;s tax esa ‘kjhd jgs
fcy vkf[k+j nq’euksa ij Q+rg gkfly gks tkus ds ckn ml
<+ky uqek njokt+s dks vius gkFk ls Qsad fn;k bl lQ+j
esa esjs lkFk lkr vkneh vkSj Hkh Fks vkSj ge lc vkB
ds vkB feydj ml njokt+s dks myVus dh dksf’k’k djrs
jgs ysfdu ge oks njokt+s dks u myV lds ¼ftls gt+jr
ekSyk v+yh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us rUgk m[ksM+k Fkk½
gt+jr tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us c;ku

fd;k gS fd x+tok [k+Scj ds jkst+ gt+jr ekSyk v+yh
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us fd+yk [k+Scj dk njokt+k mBk
fy;k ;gk¡ rd fd eqlyeku fd+ys ij p<+ x;s vkSj mls
Q+rg dj fy;k vkSj ;s vkt+ewnkg ¼vkt+ekbZ gqbZ½ ckr gS
fd ml njokt+s dks pkyhl vkneh feydj gh mBkrs FksA
¼bCus vch ‘kSck&vy eqlfUuQ+&6/374-g0&32139½
¼vLd+ykuh&Q+Rgqyckjh&7/478½
& vYykg ds oyh tUur ds ckn’kkg gSa &
eqv+kt+ fcu tcy ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls ejôh gS

fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&
D;k eSa rq>ls c;ku u d#¡ fd tUur dk ckn’kkg dkSu gS
eSaus vt+Z fd;k th gk¡ c;ku Q+jekb;s rks vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&tks ‘k[+l det+ksj
ukrok¡ ¼t+bZQ+½ gks vkSj yksx mldks de le>sa vkSj nks
iqjkus diM+s igus gqvk gks oks vxj vYykg ds Hkjksls
d+le [kkys rks vYykg rv+kyk mldks lPpk dj nsxkA
(54)
& tUur o nkst+[k+ ds yksx dkSu gSa &
gt+jr gkflj fcu ogc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls

us Q+jek;k&D;k eSa rq>dks u crykÅ¡ fd tUur ds yksx
dkSu gSa rks v+t+Z fd;k x;k ;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ Q+jek;sa fd oks dkSu yksx gSa rks
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k gj
,d t+bZQ+ ukrok¡ ¼det+ksj½ ftldks yksx gd+hj [+;ky
djrs gSa vxj ,sls yksx vYykg rv+kyk ds Hkjksls ij
d+le [kkysa rks vYykg rv+kyk mudh d+le dks lPpk
dj ns D;k eSa u crykÅ¡ nkst+[k ds dkSu yksx gSa gj ,d
l[+r fetkt+ cgqr #i;k tksM+us okyk vkSj cn[k+qYd+ vkSj
vDdM+ ¼rdCcqj djus½ okykA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/154-g0&6657½
& ftu yksxksa ij j’d djuk pkfg;s &
gt+jr vcw mekek ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r

gS fd uch vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k&lcls T+;knk ftu yksxksa ij j’d djuk pkfg;s
esjs ut+nhd+ oks eksfeu gSa tks gYdk QqYdk gks vkSj uekt+
esa mldks jkgr feyrh gks vkSj oks ykxksa esa iks’khnk gks
vkSj yksx mldh ijokg u djrs gksa vkSj mldk fjT+d
ceqf’dy ft+Unxh clj djus ds eqrkfcd+ gks vkSj mldh
ekSr tYnh okdS+v+ gks tk;s mldk ekys fojklr Hkh de
gks vkSj ml ij jksus okys FkksM+s gksaA
(55)
fgLlk
nkse
[k+okrhu dk
ft+;kjrs dqcwj
tkbt+ gS
(56)
& [k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj &

mEeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr vk;’kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ Q+jekrha gSa fd eSaus gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ls v+t+Z fd;k fd eSa ft+;kjrs
dqcwj ds oD+r D;k dgw¡ rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k& rqe dgks fd lyke gks vgys n;kj
eksfeukas vkSj eqlyekuksa ij vkSj vYykg vkSj gekjs
vLykQ+ ¼vxys oD+rksa ds yksx½ ij vkSj ckn esa vkus
okyksa ij jge Q+jeak vkSj ge ba’kk vYykg rqEgkjs lkFk
feyus okys gSaA
¼ulkbZ&lquu&3/659-g0&2041½
¼eqfLye&lgh&2/416-g0&2256½
d+cz ds ut+nhd lyke djuk ;kuh f[k+rkc djuk ;s bl

ckr ij nykyr djrk gS fd f[k+rkc mls ls fd;k tkrk
gS tks fd lquus dh lykfg;r j[krk gks vkSj le>us dh
Hkh lykfg;r j[krk gks vkSj et+dwjk gnhl bl ckr ij
Hkh nykyr djrh gS fd [k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj djuk
gt+jr vk;'kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dh
lqUur gS c'krsZ nk,jk&,&gqnqns 'kjhv+r eas gks ;kuh [k+okrhu
inkZ u'khu gks dj ft+;kjrs dqcwj o vkSfy;k&vYykg ds
eqd~+nnl et+kjkr ij tk;sa bleas dksbZ d+ckgr ugha vkSj
bl gnhl us mu yksxkas ds vd+oky dh Hkh uQ+h dj nh gS
tks [k+okrhu dks ft+;kjrs dqcwj o vkSfy;k&vYykg ds
et+kjkr ij tkus vkSj mudh ft+;kjr djus dks euk djrs
gSa vkSj uktkbt+ dk Q+rok nsrs gSaSA
& gqDes ft+;kjrs dqcwj &

gt+jr cqjSnk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd&
(57)
gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&

eSaus rqedks ft+;kjrs dqcwj ls euk fd;k Fkk il vc rqe
d+czksa dh ft+;kjr fd;k djksA ¼bCus ektk dh fjok;r esa
bruk bt+kQ+k gS fd D;ksafd blls nqfu;k¡ ls csjx+crh vkSj
vkf[k+jr dh ;kn gkfly gksrh gS½ ¼vksj vcw nkÅn esa
bruk bt+kQ+k gS fd ;s rqEgsa ekSr dh ;kn fnykrh gS½
¼eqfLye&lgh&2/418-g0&2260½
et+dwjk gnhls eqckjdk esa vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk

v+ySg olYye½ us reke mEers eqfLyek dks ;s gqDe
Q+jek;k fd oks d+czksa dh ft+;kjr fd;k djas D;ksafd oks
ekSr vkSj vkf[k+jr dh ;kn fnykrh gSa vkSj nqfu;k¡ ls
csjx+cr djrh gSa vkSj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us bl gqDe esa fdlh fxjksg ;k tekv+r dks
[k+kl ugha Q+jek;k cfYd ;s gqDe mEer ds reke
vQ+jkn dks 'kkfey gS [+okg enZ gks ;k v+kSjr lHkh ds
fy;s ;s gqDe gS fd oks d+czksa dh ft+;kjr fd;k djsa vkSj
vYykg ds jlwy ds gqDe dk bUdkj gn~ns dq¶+j gS vkSj
[kqyh ukQ+jekuh o xqejkgh dh v+yker gSA
gt+jr vcw cØ+ flÌhd+ ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ds

csVs gt+jr vk;’kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½
ds HkkbZ gt+jr v+CnqjZgeku us eDdk ds d+jhc gqehyk esa
oQ+kr ikbZ vkSj mudks eDdk esa nQ+u fd;k x;k fQj
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ us mudh d+cz dh ft+;kjr dhA
¼frfeZt+h&lgh&1/581-g0&1055½
¼cSgd+h&lquu dqcjk&5/141-g0&7207½

(58)
ls fjok;r gS Q+jekrs gSa fd ljojs dk;ukr ¼lYyYykgq

rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ,d v+kSjr ds ikl ls xqt+js tks
d+cz ds ikl jks jgh Fkh rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us mlls Q+jek;k fd vYykg ls Mj vkSj lcz
ls dke ysA ¼bl gnhl esa Hkh [k+okrhu dks ft+;kjrs dqcwj
ls euk ugha Q+jek;k x;k cfYd ft+;kjrs dqcwj dh jq[k+lr
nh x;h gS½ ¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/66-g0&1252]1283½
¼cSgd+h&lquu&dqcjk&5/142-g0&7208½
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu vcw eqySdk Q+jekrs gSa fd ,d

fnu gt+jr vk;'kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq rvkyk v+Ugk½
d+czfjLrku dh rjQ+ ls r'kjhQ+ yk jgha Fkha rks eSaus v+t+Z
fd;k ,s mEeqy eksfeuhu vki dgk¡ ls r'kjhQ+ yk jgha gSa
rks vkius Q+jek;k fd eSa vius HkkbZ v+CnqjZgeku fcu vcw
cØ+ dh d+cz ij xbZ Fkh rks eSaus v+t+Z fd;k fd vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us d+czksa dh ft+;kjr
ls euk Q+jek;k Fkk rks vkius Q+jek;k fd igys euk
Q+jek;k Fkk ysfdu ckn esa btkt+r ns nh FkhA ¼cSgd+h&lquu
dqcjk&5/141-g0&7207½ ¼gkfde&1/753-g0&1392½
gt+jr vk;’kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½

Q+jekrh gSa fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us d+czksa dh ft+;kjr esa gesa jq[k+lr nh gSA
[k+krwus tUur gt+jr l¸;nk Q+kfrek ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugk½ gj tqev+k ds jkst+ vius ppk gt+jr
get+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dh d+cz dh ft+;kjr ds
fy;s r’kjhQ+ ys tkrha vkSj muds fy;s nqv+k&,&ex+fQ+jr
djrh vkSj vk¡lw cgkrhaA ¼cSgd+h&lquu&dqcjk&5/142-7208½
¼v+CnqjZT+t+kd+&vy eqlfUuQ+&3/572-g0&6713½
(59)
et+dwjk reke vgknhl o nykby ls lkfcr gqvk fd

[k+okrhu dk d+czksa dh ft+;kjr djuk tkbt+ gS vkSj
tks yksx v+kSjrksa dk d+czksa dh ft+;kjr djuk gjke vkSj
Qs+v+ys ykv+urh dgrs gSa vkSj mu vgknhl dks crkSj&
nyhy is’k djrs gSa tks vgknhl ml oD+r dh gSa tc
eqRyd+u d+czksa dh ft+;kjr dh eqekfu;r Fkh ;kuh vke o
[k+kl vkSj enZ o v+kSjr lHkh ds fy;s d+czksa dh ft+;kjr
djus dh eqekfu;r Fkh fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us ft+;kjrs dqcwj dh jq[klr nh tSlk fd
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k eSa
rqEgsa d+czksa dh ft+;kjr ls euk djrk Fkk ysfdu vc eSa
rqEgsa btkt+r nsrk gw¡ fd d+czksa dh ft+;kjr ds fy;s tk;k
djks D;ksafd ;s rqEgsa vkf[k+jr dh ;kn fnykrh gSa bl gnhl
esa fdlh ¼enZ ;k v+kSjr½ dks [k+kl ugha fd;k x;k cfYd
;s gqDe enZ o v+kSjr lHkh ds fy;s gS vxj ;s gqDe flQ+Z
enkZsa ds fy;s [k+kl gksrk rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ bl rjg Q+jekrs fd flQ+Z enZ d+czksa dh ft+;kjr
fd;k djsa D;ksafd ;s vkf[k+jr dh ;kn fnykrh gSa rks ekywe
gqvk fd d+czksa dh ft+;kjr djuk gqDes jlwy ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ gS vkSj ;s lqUurs jlwy vkSj
lqUurs mEeqy eksfeuhu gS vkSj reke enZ o v+kSjr lHkh
ds fy;s blesa jq[k+lr gS vkSj d+czksa dh ft+;kjr djuk
ckbls vTj vkSj [kS+j gS D;ksafd ;s ekSr vkSj vkf[k+jr dh
;kn fnykrh gSa vkSj nqfu;k¡ ls cs jx+cr djrh gSaA
& bZnxkg esa v+kSjrksa dk tkuk &
gt+jr g¶+lk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls fjok;r gS
fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ls v+t+Z
fd;k x;k fd vxj ge esa ls fdlh ds ikl vxj pknj
u gks rks D;k mlds fy;s blesa dksbZ gtZ gS fd oks ¼uekt+s
bZnSu ds fy;s½ ckgj u fudys rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&mldh lkFkh v+kSjr dks pkfg;s
fd viuh pknj dk dqN fgLlk mls Hkh m<+k ns fQj oks
(60)
[kS+j ds eokdSv+ ¼ekSdksa½ ij vkSj eqlyekuksa dh nqv+kvksa esa

‘kjhd gksa ¼;kuh bZnxkg tk;sa½ mEes v+rh;k ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ Q+jekrha gSa fd eSaus gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dks Q+jekrs gq;s lquk gS fd toku
yMfd;k¡ inkZ ckfy;k¡ vkSj gkbt+k vkSjrsa Hkh ckgj fudysa
vkSj eokdSv+ [kS+j esa vkSj eqlyekuksa dh nqv+kvksa esa ‘kjhd
gksa vkSj gkbt+k vkSjrsa tk;s uekt+ ls nwj jgsa gt+jr g¶+lk
dgrh gSa fd eSaus iwNk D;k gkbt+k Hkh rks mUgksaus Q+jek;k&
D;k oks vjkQ+kr esa vkSj Qqyak&Qqyak txg ugha tkrha ;kuh
tc oks bu tqeyk eqd+n~nl ed+kekr ij tkrh gSa rks fQj
bZnxkg esa D;ksa u tk;saA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/406-g0&324½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&1/593-g0&1561½
gt+jr mEes v+rh;k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ Q+jekrh

gSa fd gesa gqDe fn;k x;k fd ge bZnSu ds ekSd+s ij
gkbt+k vkSj ijnk u’khu v+kSjrksa dks ckgj yk;sa rkfd oks
eqlyekuksa dh tekv+r vkSj mudh nqv+kvksa esa ‘kjhd gksa
vycRrk tks v+kSjrsa vb;kes ¼gSt+½ okyh gksa oks uekt+ dh
txg ls vyx jgsa ,d v+kSjr us v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg
ge esa ls fdlh dks pknj e;Llj ugha gksrh gS rks vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k& mlds
lkFk tkuh okyh mldks viuh pknj esa ys ysA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/289-g0&351½
¼eqfLye&lgh&2/349-g0&2056½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&1/594-g0&1562½
gt+jr g¶+lk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls fjok;r

gS fd mEes v+rh;k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ Q+jekrh gSa
fd vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&
(61)
fd ukStoku yM+fd;k¡] vkSj inkZu’khu o gkbt+k v+kSjrsa

tc bZnxkg dh tkfuc fudysa rks mUgas pkfg;s fd usdh
vkSj HkykbZ ds dke esa vkSj eqlyekuksa dh nqv+k esa f’kdZr
djsa vycRrk ftu [k+okrhu dks gSt+ vk jgk gks mudks
pkfg;s fd oks efLtn ls vyx jgsa vkSj efLtn esa nkf[k+y
u gksa ysfdu ckgj ls oks nqv+k esa 'kkfey jgsaA
& jkr ds oD+r v+kSjrkas dk efLtn tkuk &
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½

ls fjok;r gS gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
bj’kkn Q+jek;k& vxj jkr ds oD+r rqEgkjh v+kSjrsa efLtn
esa tkus dh bt+kt+r ek¡xs rks mUgsa btkt+r ns nksA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/542-g0&865½
¼btkt+r ysus dk eqv+keyk flQ+Z efLtn ds lkFk [k+kl ugha

gS cfYd v+kSjr dks pkfg;s fd oks bZnSu vkSj vius fdlh
v+t+ht+ dh d+cz dh ft+;kjr ds fy;s Hkh vius ‘kkSgj ;k
ljijLr ls btkt+r ysa blds vykok vius v+t+ht+ o
vd+kfjc dh eqykd+kr ds fy;s tkuk oxS+jkg ;s lc dke
[k+kfoUn ;k ljijLr dh btkt+r ij ekSdwQ+ gSa½
& v+kSjrksa dk chekj iqlhZ ds fy;s tkuk &

rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls fjok;r gS fd mUgksaus Q+jek;k fd
gt+jr fcyky ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ vkSj l¸;nuk
vcw cØ fln~nhd+ ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dks cq[kkj
gks x;k eSa mu nksuksa ds ikl fetkt iqlhZ ds fy;s½ xbZA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&5/427-g0&5654½
(62)
& bZnSu esa v+kSjrksa dks [kqRck nsuk &
gt+jr tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ o gt+jr bCus

v+Cckl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ ls fjok;r gS fd
gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us bZnqy fQ+Rj ds
igys uekt+ i<+h fQj yksxksa ij [kqRck i<+k vkSj tc
Q+kfjx+ gq;s rks [+;ky Q+jek;k fd vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ dk [kqRck v+kSjrksa us ugha lquk fQj vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ muds ikl vk;s vkSj
mudks ulhgr dh vkSj ln~d+s dk gqDe fn;k vkSj fcyky
viuk diM+k QSyk;s gq;s Fks vkSj v+kSjrksa esa ls dksbZ vaxwBh
Mkyrh Fkh dksbZ NYyk vkSj dksbZ gkj vkSj dksbZ dqN jkoh
us dgk eaSus v+rk ls iwNk fd ;s ln~d+k fQ+rjk Fkk mUgksaus
dgk ugha ;s ln~d+k Fkk eSus v+rk ls dgk fd vc Hkh
beke ij okftc gS fd v+kSjrksa ds ikl tk;sa tc [kqRcs ls
Q+kfjx+ gksa vkSj mUgsa ulhgr djsa rks mUgksaus dgk D;ksa ugha
cs’kd+ bekeksa dk gd+ gS fd v+kSjrksa ds ikl tk;sa vkSj
[kqnk tkus mUgsa D;k gks x;k fd vc oks bl ij v+ey
ugha djrsA
¼eqfLye&lgh&2/346-g0&2045,2047½
& [k+okrhu dks efLtn tkus ls u jksdus dk gqDe &

gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk vUgqek½
us bj’kkn Q+jek;k& fd rqEgkjh v+kSjrsa tc efLtn esa
tkuk pkgsa rks mUgsa euk u djks ¼,d nwljh fjok;r esa gS
rqe viuh [k+okrhu dks jkr ds oD+r efLtn tkus ls u
jksdks½ ¼eqfLye&lgh&2/59-g0&988½
¼eqfLye&lgh&2/60-g0&992½
(63)
& v+kSjr dk tax esa lkFk tkuk &
gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS

fd gt+jr mEes lqyse ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ds ikl
gquSu ds fnu ,d [katj Fkk tc vcw rYgk us [katj ns[kk
rks v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ;s mEes lqyse ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ gSa vkSj buds ikl ,d [katj gS rks vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us iwNk ;s [katj dSlk
gS rks mEes lqyse us dgk ;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ vxj dksbZ eq’kfjd esjs ikl vk;k
rks eSa bl [katj ls mldk isV QkM+ Mkyw¡xh ;s lqudj
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ eqLdqjk fn;sA
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/104-g0&4680½

ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ mEes lqyse ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½
vkSj pUn vUlkj dh v+kSjrksa dks ftgkn esa vius lkFk
j[krs Fks oks ikuh fiykrh vkSj t+[+eksa dh nok djrh FkhaA
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/104-g0&4682½

v+Ugqek½ Q+jekrs gSa fd cs’kd+ gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ftgkn esa v+kSjrksa dks lkFk ys tk;k djrs
Fks rkfd oks t[+eksa dh nok djrh Fkha vkSj ikuh fiykrh
Fkha vkSj mudks dqN buv+ke feyrk Fkk vkSj fgLlk HkhA
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/105-g0&4684½
gt+jr mEes v+rh;k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½

Q+jekrh gSa fd eSa uch vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ ds lkFk dbZ yM+kb;ksa esa lkFk jgh gw¡ eSa enksZ ds
(64)
Bgjus dh txg esa jgrh Fkh vkSj mudk [kkuk idkrh Fkh
vkSj t+[+eksa dh nok djrh Fkh vkSj chekjksa dh f[k+ner
fd;k djrh FkhA
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/109-g0&4690½
& v+kSjrksa dk t+#jr ds fy;s ?kj ls fudyuk &

rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls fjok;r gS fd mUgksaus Q+jek;k fd &
mEeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr lksnk fcUrs t+ev+k ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ jkr ds oD+r ckgj fudyha rks gt+jr m+ej
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us mUgsa ns[kk vkSj igpku x;s
fQj dgk vYykg dh d+le ,s lksnk rqe gels Nqi ugha
ldrh gks rks tc gt+jr lksnk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugk½ tc gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds
ikl okil vk;ha rks mUgksaus vkils bl ckr dk ft+Ø
fd;k tcfd vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ml
oD+r esjs ?kj esa ‘kke dk [kkuk rukoqy Q+jeka jgs Fks vkSj
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds gkFk esa xks’r
okyh ,d gM~Mh Fkh ml oD+r vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ij uqtwys ogh dk vkxkt+ gqvk tc ;s
dSfQ+;r [k+Re gqbZ rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k& vYykg rv+kyk us rqEgsa btkt+r nh
gS fd rqe viuh t+#fj;kr ds fy;s ckgj tk ldrh gksA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&5/198-g0&5237½
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/341-g0&5668½
(65)
& ,d ,rjkt+ vkSj mldk tokc &
ckt+ yksx ntsZ tS+y gnhl dks [k+okrhu ds ft+;kjrs dqcwj

ij crkSj nyhy x+yr rjhd+s vkSj dqN rCnhfy;kas ds
lkFk is’k djrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd v+kSjrkas dk d+czksa dh
ft+;kjr djuk vkSj et+kjkrs vkSfy;k vYykg dh ft+;kjr
djuk uktkbt+ gSA
& v+kSjr ?kj ls fudyrh gS rks ‘kSrku rkdrk gS &
gt+jr v+CnqYyk fcu elÅn ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

ls fjok;r gS fd uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us bj’kkn Q+jek;k&v+kSjr dks inkZ t+#jh gS fQj
tc oks cs inkZ fudyrh gS rks ‘kSrku mldks rkdrk gS
;kuh rkfd ml cs inkZ v+kSjr ds lcc ls yksxksa dks fQ+Rus
esa MkysA
tokc& vxj bl gnhl ls v+kSjr ds ?kj ls fudyus ij

‘kSrku dk rkduk eqjkn fy;k tk;s rks fQj v+kSjr dk ?kj
ls fudyuk eqRyd+u uktkbt+ gks tk;sxk fQj rks v+kSjr
ges’kk ds fy;s ?kj esa dS+n jgsxh vkSj oks dgha Hkh vk tk
ugha ldrh tcfd et+dwjk gnhl ikd esa cs inkZ v+kSjrkas
dks ?kj ls fudyus dh eqekfu;r Q+jek;h x;h gS vkSj
bl gnhls ikd eas uch vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us mu v+kSjrksa dh et+Eer Q+jek;h gS tks vius
?kjksa ls cs inkZ fudyrh gSa vkSj mUgsa ‘kSrku rkdrk gS
;kuh inkZ u’khu v+kSjr vius [k+kfoUn ;k ljijLr dh
btkt+r ls ?kj ls ckgj dgha Hkh tk ldrh gS mlds fy;s
‘kjhv+r us dksbZ d+Sn eqr¸;u ugha Q+jekbZ gS ysfdu ckt+
ekSyoh viuh de b+Yeh vkSj cs fgderh vksj viuh
euekuh ds lcc [k+okrhu dks et+kjkrs vkSfy;k&vYykg&
(66)
dh ft+;kjr ls euk djrs gSa vkSj blds uktkbt+ gksus dk

Q+rok nsrs gaS tcfd mudk ,slk dguk vYykg ds jlwy
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dh [kqyh ukQ+jekuh
o xqejkgh vkSj vgknhl ls bfUgjkQ+ gS blds vykok
ckt+ ekSyfo;ksa dks ;s Hkh dgrs lquk x;k fd oks dgrs gSa
fd v+kSjr tc vkSfy;k&vYykg ds et+kjkr dh ft+;kjr ds
fy;s tc ?kj ls fudyrh gS vkSj ftl cqtqxZ dh et+kj dh
ft+;kjr dk oks bjknk djrh gS rks mu cqtqxZ dks oks v+kSjr
uaxh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS ev+kt+ vYykg vLrx+fQjqYykg ;s
mudh tkfgykuk lksp vkSj cn v+dhnxh vkSj yk b+Yeh dks
t+kfgj djrk gS
tcfd gnhls dqnlh gS fd vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk

Q+jekrk gS fd eSa vius eqd+jZc oyh ds dku cu tkrk gw¡
ftlds lkFk oks lqurk gS vkSj eSa mldk gkFk cu tkrk gw¡
ftlds lkFk oks idM+rk gS vkSj eSa mlds ik¡o cu tkrk
gw¡ ftlds lkFk oks pyrk gS vkSj eSa mldh vk¡[k cu tkrk
gw¡ ftlds lkFk oks ns[krk gS rks vc ;s ckr roTtkS ryc
gS fd tks vYykg dk oyh uwjs bykgh dh vk¡[k ls ns[krk
gks rks ;s dSls eqfEdu gS fd v+kSjr mls uaxh fn[kk;h ns
ev+kt+ vYykg vLrx+fQjqYykg vkSj vxj bl gokys ls
muls nykby ij loky fd;k tk;s rks muds ikl mudh
t+krh o v+D+yh vkSj eu?k<a+r nyhy ds flok dksbZ nyhy
ugha gksrh vkSj ,sls yksx vOoy ntsZ ds tkfgy gSa vkSj
,sls yksx [kqn rks xqejkg gSa vkSj m+Eers eqfLyek dks Hkh
xqejkgh ds rjQ+ ys tk jgs gSa vkSj lqfUu;r ds bRrsgkn o
bRrsQ+kd+ dks eqUrf’kj dj jgs gSa tcfd dqjku o vgknhl
esa bl ckr dh dgha ij Hkh eqekfu;r okfjn ugha gS cfYd
et+dwjk reke nykby ls ;s ckr lkfcr gksrh gS fd
[k+okrhu inkZ u’khu gksdj vius [kkfoUn ;k ljijLr dh
btkt+r ls ft+;kjrs dqcwj ds vykok ?kj ls ckgj dgha Hkh
tk ldrh gSaA oYykgq rv+kyk v+kye0
(67)
fgLlk
lkse
fu;kt+ o Q+kfrgk
fnykuk lqUur gS
(68)
& gqtwj us [kqn vius oyhes esa Q+kfrgk nh &
gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ Q+jekrs gSa fd

tc gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dk fudkg
gt+jr tS+uc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls gqvk rks gqtwj
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us eq>ls dgk fd tks
eqlyeku rqedks feys mls cqyk ykvks lks eSaus tks feyk
mls cqyk yk;k vkSj oks yksx lc nkf[k+y gksus yxs vkSj
[kkuk [kkrs tkrs Fks vkSj fudyrs tkrs Fks vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us viuk eqckjd gkFk [kkus ij
j[kk vkSj nqv+k dh vkSj i<+k ml [kkus ij tks vYykg
rv+kyk us pkgk vkSj eSaus Hkh tks eq>s feyk fdlh dks u
NksM+k cqyk yk;k vkSj lcus [kk;k ;gk¡ rd fd lc lsj
gks x;sA
gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ fjok;r djrs

gSa fd tc mEeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr l¸;nk t+Suc
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dh bn~nr iwjh gks xbZ ¼;kuh
t+Sn ds rykd+ nsus ds ckn½ rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olyye½ us t+Sn ls Q+jek;k& fd muls esjk ft+Ø
djks oks muds ikl x;s vkSj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olyye½ dk iSx+kes fudkg fn;k mUgksus tokc esa
Q+jek;k eSa dksbZ dke cx+Sj e’kojs ls ugha djrh tc rd
eSa vius ijojfnxkj ls e’kojk ugha ys ysrh gw¡ ¼;kuh
bfLr[k+kjkg ugha dj ysrh½ vkSj mlh oD+r oks uekt+ ds
fy;s [kM+h gks x;ha vkSj dqjku mrjk vkSj vki ¼lYyYykgq
v+ySg olyye½ muds ikl cx+Sj bT+u ds nkf[k+y gks x;s
;kuh ;s vk;r mrjh&¼^^;kuh ;kn djks tc vkius ml
‘k[+l ls Q+jek;k ftl ij vYykg us buv+ke Q+jek;k Fkk
(69)
vkSj ml ij vkius Hkh buv+ke Q+jek;k Fkk fd rw

viuh choh ¼tS+uc½ dks viuh t+ksft;r es jksds j[k vkSj
vYykg ls Mj vkSj vki vius fny esa oks ckr iks’khnk
j[k jgs Fks ftls vYykg t+kfgj Q+jekus okyk Fkk vkSj
vki ¼fny eas g;k o½ yksxksa ¼dh rkv+uk t+uh½ dk [k+kSQ+
j[krs Fks ¼,s gchc yksxksa dk [k+kSQ fny eas ykus dh dksbZ
t+#jr u Fkh½ vkSj Q+d+r vYykg gh T+;knk gd+nkj gS
fd vki mldk [k+kSQ+ j[ksa ¼vkSj oks vki ls c<+dj fdlh
esa Hkh ugha gS½ fQj tc t+Sn us mls rykd+ nsus dh x+jt+
iwjh dj yh rks geus mlls vkidk fudkg dj fn;k
rkfd eksfeuksa ij muds eq¡g cksys csVksa dh chfo;ksa ¼ds
lkFk fudkg½ ds ckjs esa dksbZ gtZ u jgs tcfd ¼rykd
nsdj½ oks muls cs x+jt+ gks x;s gksa vkSj vYykg dk
gqDe rks iwjk fd;k tkus okyk gh Fkk** ¼lw0&vgt+kc&37½
;kuh fc;kg fn;k geus tS+uc dks vkils jkoh c;ku

djrs gSa fd vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olyye½ us
lc yksxksa dks jksVh vkSj xks’r f[kyk;k ;gk¡ rd fd yksx
pys x;s vkSj dqN ckd+h jg x;s tks [kkuk [kkus ds ckn
ckrsa djrs jgs vkSj fQj ;s vk;r mrjh& ftlesa ijns
dk gqDe Hkh ‘kkfey gS vkSj yksxksa dks ulhgr dh xbZ&
¼fd ^^,s bZeku okyks uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olyye½ ds ?kjksa esa nkf[k+y u gqvk djks flok;s blds
fd rqEgsa [kkus ds fy;s btkt+r nh tk;s ¼fQj oD+r ls
igys igq¡pdj½ [kkuk idus dk bfUrt+kj djus okys u
cuk djks gk¡ tc rqe cqyk;s tkvks rks ¼ml oD+r½ vUnj
vk;k djks fQj tc [kkuk [kk pqdks rks ¼ogk¡ ls mBdj½
Q+kSju eqUrf’kj gks tk;k djks vkSj ogk¡ ckrksa esa fny
yxkdj cSBs jgus okys u cuks ;d+huu rqEgkjk ,sls ¼nsj
rd cSBs½ jguk uch vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olyye½ dks rdyhQ+ nsrk gS vkSj oks rqels ¼mB tkus&
(70)
dks dgrs gq;s½ ‘kekZrs gSa vkSj vYykg gd+ ckr dgus ls
ugha ‘kekZrk vkSj tc rqe mu ¼vt+okts eqrkg~jkr½ ls
dksbZ lkeku ek¡xks rks muls insZ ds ckgj ls iw¡Nk djks ;s
¼v+nc½ rqEgkjs fnyksa ds fy;s vkSj muds fnyksa ds fy;s
cM+h rgkjr dk lcc gS vkSj rqEgkjs fy;s gjfxt+ tkbt+
ugha fd rqe jlwyqYykg dks rdyhQ+ igq¡pkvks vkSj u ;s
¼tkbt+½ gS fd rqe muds ckn mudh vt+okts ¼eqrkg~jkr½
ls fudkg djksA ¼lw0&vgt+kc&53½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&2/396-g0&3256½
(71)
& nLrj[+oku ij Q+kfrgk &
gt+jr vcw lbZn [kqnjh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ c;ku

djrs gSa fd x+tck rcwd ds ekSd+s ij yksxksa dks Hkw[k ykgd+
gks xbZ rks mUgksusa v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ vxj vki gesa btkt+r nsa rks ge
vius Å¡V ft+Cgk djds [kk ysa rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k& fd Bhd gS rqe yksx ,slk dj
yks rks gt+jr m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us ljojs
dk;ukr ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ls v+t+Z fd;k
+;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ vxj
yksxksa us ,slk fd;k rks muds ikl lokjh ds tkuoj de
gks tk;saxs jkoh dgrs gSa fd vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us ,d nLrj[+oku eaxok;k vkSj oks QSyk fn;k
fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us yksxksa ls
cp tkus okys [kkus ihus dk lkeku ykus ds fy;s dgk
jkoh dgrs gS dksbZ ‘k[+l eqV~Bh Hkj tkS ys vk;k dksbZ FkksM+s
ls [k+twj ys vk;k dksbZ jksVh dk VqdM+k ys vk;k fQj vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us nLrj[+oku ij [kkus
ihus dk FkksM+k&lk cpk gqvk lkeku bdV~Bk fd;k fQj
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us ml ij cjdr
dh nqv+k dh fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us bj’kkn Q+jek;k& rqe yksx vius vius cjruksa esa
M+kyuk ‘kq# djks yksxksa us vius vius cjruksa esa M+kyuk
‘kq# fd;k ;gk¡ rd fd mUgksaus y’dj esa ekStwn gj crZu
dks Hkj fy;k vkSj mUgksaus lsj gksdj [kk;k fQj Hkh ckd+h
jg x;kA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&3/310-g0&2982½
¼eqfLye&lgh&1/121-g0&g0&138½
(72)
& [ktwjksa ij cjdr dh nqv+k &
gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ Q+jekrs gSa

fd eSa pUn [ktwjsa ysdj jlwys vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olyye½ dh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gqvk vkSj eSaus mUgsa
vius nksuksa gkFkksa esa j[kk gqvk Fkk lks eSaus v+t+Z fd;k ;k&
jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ vki buesa
esjs fy;s cjdr dh nqv+k Qjeak nsa rks vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olyye½ us esjs fy;s muesa cjdr dh nqv+k
Q+jekbZ fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olyye½ us
Q+jek;k& fd tc rqEgsa [ktwjsa ysuh gks rks viuk gkFk
buds vUnj nkf[k+y djuk vkSj eqd+Eey rkSj ij bUgsa
[k+Re u dj nsuk gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugq½ dgrs gSa fd eSaus mu [ktwjksa esa ls brus oLd+
vYykg dh jkg esa [k+Sjkr fd;s vkSj ge [kqn Hkh muesa ls
[kkrs Fks vkSj nwljksa dks Hkh f[kyk;k djrs Fks oks esjh FkSyh
esa ekStwn jgrs Fks ;gk¡ rd fd gt+jr m+Leku ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ¼ds f[k+ykQ+s cx+kor½ ds fnuksa esa oks eq>ls
dgha fxj xbZA
¼bCus fgccku&lgh&7/536-g0&6536½
gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls

ejôh gS Q+jekrs gSa fd eSa uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olyye½ dh f[k+ner esa dqN [ktwjsa ysdj gkft+j
gqvk vkSj v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ buesa vYykg rv+kyk ls cjdr dh nqv+k
Q+jek,sa rks gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olyye½ us
mUgsa bdV~Bk fd;k vkSj esjs fy;s muesa nqv+k,s cjdr
Q+jekbZ fQj eq>ls Q+jek;k& bUgsa ys yks vkSj bUgsa vius
rks’kknku esa j[k nks vkSj tc bldks ysuk pkgks rks viuk
gkFk bles M+kydj ys fy;k djks bls >kM+uk ugha lks eSaus
(73)
muesa ls brus&brus ¼;kuh dbZ½ oLd+ ¼,d oLd+ nks lkS

pkyhl fdyksxzke ds cjkcj gksrk gS½ [ktwjsa vYykg ds
jkLrs esa [k+pZ dh ge [kqn mlesa ls [kkrs vkSj nwljksa dks
Hkh f[kykrs dHkh oks rks’kknku esjh dej ls tqnk u gqvk
¼;kuh [ktwjsa [k+Re u gqbZ½ ;gk¡ rd fd ftl fnu gt+jr
mLeku ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ‘kghn gq;s rks oks eq>ls
dgha NwV x;kA
¼bCus dlhj&vy fonk;k ou fugk;k&6/117½
¼l;wrh&[k+lkblqy dqcjk&2/85½
& lqjhn esa cjdr &
gt+jr leqjk fcu tqUnqc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

c;ku djrs gSa gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
dh f[k+ner esa lqjhn ¼’kksjcs esa rj dh gqbZ jksVh½ dk
I;kyk is’k fd;k x;k rks oks yksxksa ds lkeus j[kk x;k rks
yksx lqcg ls ysdj nksigj rd ;ds ckn nhxj mlds ikl
vkrs jgs dqN yksx mBrs rks nwljs vkdj cSB tkrs ,d
‘k[+l us gt+jr leqjk ls nj;k¶+r fd;k D;k oks c<+ jgk
Fkk gt+jr leqjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us Q+jek;k&
rqEgsa fdl ckr ij gSjkuh gks jgh gS oks flQ+Z ml rjQ+
ls c<+ jgk Fkk mUgksus vius gkFk ds t+fj;s vkleku dh
rjQ+ b’kkjk djds dgkA
gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ c;ku

djrs gS eq> ij rhu fnu ,sls fnu xqt+js fd ftuesa eSaus
dqN ugha [kk;k eSa lq¶+Q+k ¼ds pcwrjs½ ij vkuk pkg jgk
Fkk ysfdu eSa fxj x;k ml oD+r ljdkjs nks v+kye&
(74)
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dh f[k+ner esa ,d

lqjhn ¼’kksjcs esa rj dh gqbZ jksVh½ dk I;kyk is’k fd;k
x;k rks gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us oks
[kkus ds fy;s vgys lq¶+Q+k dks cqyok;k Fkk vkSj oks yksx
mls [kk jgs Fks eSaus [kqn dks lh/kk djus dh dksf'k'k dh
rkfd oks yksx eq>s Hkh nkor nsa ¼ysfdu dqN ugha gqvk½
;gk¡ rd fd oks yksx [kkuk [kkdj mB x;s ml I;kys esa
flQZ+ oks pht+ ckd+h jg xbZ tks I;kys ds fdukjs ij ekStwn
gksrh gS tc gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
mls bdV~Bk fd;k rks oks ,d yqD+ek cu x;k fQj vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us oks viuh m¡xfy;ksa
esa j[kk fQj eq>ls Q+jek;k& vYykg dk uke ysdj bls
[kkvks gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dgrs
gSa fd ml t+kr dh d+le ftlds nLrs dqnjr esa esjh
tku gS eSa ml ,d yqD+es dks bruh nsj [kkrk jgk fd eSa
lsj gks x;kA
& gt+jr vcw rYgk ds ?kj [kkus esa cjdr&

c;ku djrs gS fd gt+jr vcw rYgk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
vUgq½ us ¼viuh vgfy;k½ l¸;nk mEes lqyse ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ ls dgk fd eSaus gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ dh vkokt+ esa ud+kgr ¼det+ksjh½ eglwl
dh ftlls eq>s vUnkt+k gqvk fd vkidks Hkwd yxh gS rks
D;k rqEgkjs ikl dksbZ pht+ gS ¼tks [kkus ds fy;s gqtwj
lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye dks is’k d#¡½ ml
[kkrwu us tokc fn;k th gk¡ fQj ml [kkrwu us tkS dh
pUn jksfV;k¡ fudkyh fQj mUgkssaus viuk nqiV~Vk fy;k vkSj
jksfV;k¡ mlds dqN fgLls esa yisV nh fQj eq>s uch djhe
(75)
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dh f[k+ner esa Hkstk

gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ c;ku djrs gSa
fd eSa oks jksfV;k¡ ysdj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ dh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gqvk rks ml oD+r vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olyye½ ds lkFk dqN yksx
vkSj Hkh Fks eSa mu yksxksa ds ikl vkdj [kM+k gks x;k
gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us nj;k¶+r fd;k
D;k rqEgsa vcw rYgk us Hkstk gS eSaus v+t+Z fd;k th gk¡ rks
vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k& D;k
[kkus ds fy;s eSaus v+tZ+ fd;k th gk¡ rks gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk vySg olyye½ us vius ikl ekStwn vQ+jkn ls
Q+jek;k& mBks
jkoh dgrs gSa lc gt+jkr jôkuk gks x;s vkSj eSa

mu gt+jkr ds vkxs pyrk gqvk gt+jr vcw rYgk ds
ikl igq¡pk vkSj mUgsa bl ckjs esa crk;k rks gt+jr vcw
rYgk us Q+jek;k& ,s mEes lqyse ¼jft+vYyykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugk½ gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ yksxksa ds
lkFk r’kjhQ+ yk jgs gSa vkSj gekjs ikl rks bruk [kkuk
ugha gS tks ge mUgsa f[kyk ldsa rks l¸;nk mEes lqyse
¼jft+vYyykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ us tokc fn;k fd vYykg
vkSj mldk jlwy csgrj tkurs gSa fQj gt+jr vcw rYgk
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ r’kjhQ+ ys x;s vkSj gqtwj
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ls feys fQj gqtwj
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ muds lkFk r’kjhQ+
yk;s ;gk¡ rd fd nksuksa gt+jkr ?kj esa nkf[k+y gq;s fQj
gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&
,s mEes lqyse rqEgkjs ikl tks dqN gS mls is’k djks rks
l¸;nk mEes lqyse ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ oks jksfV;k¡
ys vk;ha vkSj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
ds gqDe ds rgr muds VqdM+s dj fn;s x;s fQj lb;nk
(76)
mEes lqyse us ml ij oks dqIih fupksM+ nh ftlesa ?kh Fkk

oks mldk lkyu cu x;k fQj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us ml ij dqN i<+k fQj vkius Q+jek;k
fd nl vknfe;ksa dks vUnj vkus dh btkt+r nks rks
gt+jr vcw rYgk us mUgsa vUnj vkus dh btkt+r nh mu
yksxksa us [kkuk [kk;k ;gk¡ rd fd tc oks lsj gks x;s rks
pys x;s fQj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k fd nl vknfe;ksa dks vUnj vkus ds fy;s dgks
;gk¡ rd fd mu yksxksa us lsj gksdj [kkuk [kk fy;k vkSj
pys x;s fQj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k nl vknfe;ksa dks vUnj vkus ds fy;s dgks ;gk¡
rd fd mu lc yksxksa us [kkuk [kk fy;k vkSj bl rjg
nl&nl vQ+jkn vkrs jgs vkSj [kkuk [kkdj pys tkrs Fks
bl rjg dqy vQ+jkn vk;s vkSj [kkuk [kkdj pys x;s
ml oD+r dqy vQjkn dh rkv+nkn 70 ;k ‘kk;n 80 FkhA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&3/662-g0&3578½
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/260-g0&5316½
& ,d d+rjk ikuh ls mxfy;ksa ls p’ek tkjh &
gt+jr tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ c;ku djrs gSa

fd ge lQ+j esa gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
ds lkFk Fks rks gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us Q+jek;k ,s tkfcj yksxksa esa iqdkjks fd oks oqtw djsa eSaus
vkokt+ nh oqtw djks fQj eSaus v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dkfQ+ys esa ,d d+rjk
ikuh ugha gS rks vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us Q+jek;k& fd Qqyak vUlkjh ds ikl tkdj ns[kks fd
mlds e’kdht+s esa ikuh gS ;k ugha fQj eSa ml vUlkjh
dh rjQ+ x;k vkSj mlds e’kdht+s esa ns[kk fd mlds&
(77)
e’kdht+s esa ,d d+rjk ikuh Fkk vxj eSa ml e’kdht+s dks

m¡M+syrk rks [kq’d+ e’kdht+k ml ,d d+rjs ikuh dks ih
tkrk eSa okil gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
ds ikl vk;k vkSj v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ eSaus ml vUlkjh ds e’kdht+s esa
,d d+rjs ikuh ds flok dqN u ik;k vxj eSa ml
e’kdht+s dks m¡M+syrk rks [kq’d+ e’kdht+k ml ikuh ds ,d
d+rjs dks ih ysrk fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olyye½ us Q+jek;k& tkvks vkSj ml e’kdht+s dks esjs
ikl ys vkvks fQj eSa ml e’kdht+s dks ysdj vk;k vkSj
mls vius gkFk esa idM+k fQj gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us dqN i<+k ij eSa ugha tkurk fd vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us D;k i<+k fQj vki
¼lYyYykgq rvkyk vySg olYye½ ml e’kdht+s dks vius
gkFk eqckjd ls nckrs tkrs Fks fQj oks e’kdht+k eq>s v+rk
fd;k vkSj Q+jek;k&
fd ,s tkfcj vkokt+ yxkvks fd dkfQ+yks esa ls

fdlh ds ikl ikuh dk cM+k crZu gks rks oks ys vk;s eSaus
vkokt+ yxkbZ fQj cM+k crZu yk;k x;k vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us ml e’kdht+s esa viuk gkFk
eqckjd Qsjk vkSj Q+jek;k fd ,s tkfcj bls idM+ks vkSj
esjs gkFkksa ij ßfcfLeYykgÞ dgdj ikuh Mkyks lks eSaus
ßfcfLeYykgÞ dgdj ml e’kdht+s ls vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ds nLrs eqckjd ij ikuh Mkyk
rks eSaus ns[kk fd ikuh m¡xfy;ksa ds njfe;ku ls tks’k ekj
jgk gS fQj ml crZu us tks’k ekjk ;gk¡ rd fd oks cM+k
crZu ikuh ls Hkj x;k fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k& ,s tkfcj vkokt+ yxkvks fd
ftldks ikuh dh t+#jr gks rks vkdj ikuh ys tk;s fQj
gt+jr tkfcj ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us vkokt+ yxkbZ
(78)
fd yksx vk;sa vkSj mUgkasus ikuh fi;k ;gk¡ rd fd lc

lsj gks x;s fQj vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us ml e’kdht+s ls vius gkFk eqckjd mBk fy;s rks fQj
Hkh oks ikuh ls Hkjk gqvk Fkk ¼;kuh ekStwn lHkh lgkck us
ikuh fi;k vkSj lc lsj gks x;s exj ikuh de u gqvk½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/502-g0&7519½
et+dwjk dqjku o vgknhl ds nykby ls lkfcr

gqv+k fd fu;kt+ o Q+kfrgk fnykuk lqUur gS vkSj tks yksx
bl ij ,srjkt+ djrs gSa mudk ,srjkt+ cn vd+hnxh ij
ecuh o cs cqfu;knh vkSj ckfry gS D;ksafd vDlj
eqlyeku tc [kkuk [kkrk gS ;k dksbZ e'k#c ihrk gS rks
[kkus vkSj ihus ls igys fcfLeYyk fgjZgekfujZghe i<+rk gS
fQj [kkus vkSj ihus dk vkxkt+ djrk gS vkSj fcfLeYykg
Hkh dqjku dh ,d vk;r gS rks okt+sg gqvk fd gj [kkus
vkSj ihus dh pht+ksa ij dqjku i<+dj [kkuk ihuk ckbls
[k+Sjks cjdr gS vkSj dqjku i<+dj jlwyqYykg ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ dh eqd+n~l ckjxkg esa ut+j is'k
djuk ;k vkSfy;k vYykg dh ckjxkg esa ut+j djuk ;k
vius Q+kSr 'kqnk yksxksa dh vjokg dks bZlkys lokc djuk
;s lc dke ckbls vTjks lokc gSaA
(79)
& cqtqxksZa ds gkFk] o ik¡o] vkSj is'kkuh pweuk tkbt+ gS &
tukc v+CnqjgZeku fcu vcw ySyk us c;ku fd;k gS fd

gt+jr v+CnqYyk fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½
us Q+jek;k fd ge uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ ds d+jhc gq;s vkSj geus vkids gkFk eqckjd
dks ckslk fn;kA
gt+jr lqgSc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ tks fd gt+jr

v+Cckl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ds xqyke Fks fjok;r
djrs gS fd eSaus gt+jr ekSyk v+yh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugq½ dks gt+jr v+Cckl ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ds
gkFk vkSj ik¡o pwers ns[kk vkSj vki lkFk&lkFk dgrs
tkrs Fks fd ,s ppk eq>ls jkt+h gks tk;saA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/339-g0&976½
tukc ‘kv+ch ¼jgerqYykfg rv+kyk v+ySg½ ls ejoh gS

fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ gt+jr
tkv+Q+j fcu vcw rkfyc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
feys ¼tcfd oks lQ+j ls okil vk;s Fks½ rks vkius muls
eqv+kud+k fd;k vkSj mudh is’kkuh ij ckslk fn;kA
meeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr vk;’kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugk½ o gt+jr v+CnqYykg ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugq½ Q+jekrs gSa fd gt+jr vcw cØ+ flÌhd+ ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
(80)
dh oQ+kr ds ckn vkids psgjs vuoj ls diM+k gVk;k

vkSj vki ij >qds vkSj vkidh is’kkuh dks ckslk fn;k
vkSj fQj jks fn;s vkSj fQj dgk fd esjs ek¡ cki vki ij
dqckZu gksa vkSj vYykg jCcqy bT+t+r dh d+le vYykg
rv+kyk vki ij dHkh nks ekSrsa okfjn ugha djsxk flok;s
bl ekSr ds tks vYykg rv+kyk us vki ij fy[k nh Fkh
oks vkidks vk pqdh vkSj vkidh ft+Unxh Hkh fdruh
ikdht+k Fkh vkSj vkidh oQ+kr Hkh fdruh ikdht+k gSA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&5/455-g0&5711½
¼cSgd+h&lquu dqcjk&4-667-g0&6710½
nks ekSrksa ls eqjkn ,d ekSr bUlku tc lksrk gS

rks mldh :g csnkj gksus rd d+Ct+ jgrh gS tSlk fd
Q+jekus [kqnk oUnh gS&vksj ogh gS tks jkr ds oD+r rqEgkjh
#gsa d+Ct+ dj ysrk gS&¼l0w&vuv+ke&60½ vkSj nwljh
ekSr gd+hd+h ekSr gS tks mls nksckjk ft+Unxh ugha nsrh ;gk¡
rd fd jksts+ d+;ker d+cz ls mBk;k tk;sxk ysfdu gqtwj
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ij flQ+Z ,d ekSr
t+kfgjh okfjn gqbZ D;kasfd vki gkyrs uhan esa Hkh csnkj
jgrs Fks vkSj Q+jekrs gSa fd esjs vk¡[ksa lksrh gS vkSj esjk
fny tkxrk gS ;kuh vki uhan dh gkyr eas Hkh csnkj
jgrs Fks vkSj uhan okyh ekSr Hkh vki ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ ij dHkh okfjn ugha gqbZ vkSj nwljh
t+kfgjh ekSr Hkh vkidh gd+hd+h ekSr ugha gaS D;kasfd gnhl
ikd eas gS vfEc;k&fdjke ¼v+ySfgeqLlyke½ viuh viuh
d+czksa esa ft+Unk gS vkSj fjT+d+ fn;s tkrs gSa tks fd dqjku o
vgknhl ls lkfcr gSA
gt+jr vkfle fcu cg~nyk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

Q+jekrs gSa fd tc gt+jr vcw okby ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
v+Ugq½ dk bfUrd+ky gqvk rks gt+jr vcw cqjnk ¼jft+vYykgq
(81)
¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ us vkidh is’kkuh ij ckslk

fn;kA ¼bCus vch ‘kSck&vy eqlfUuQ+&3/774-g0&12196½
gt+jr vk;’kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½

Q+jekrh gSa fd gqtwj ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us gt+jr m+Leku fcu et+Åu ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½
dks ckn oQ+kr ckslk fn;k vkSj vki jks fn;s ;gk¡ rd fd
vki ds vkalw vkids #[k+lkj eqckjd ij cg jgs FksA
¼cSgd+h&lquu dqcjk&4/669-g0&6712½
¼gkfde&vy eqLrnjd& 1/725-g0&1334½
oYykgq rv+kyk v+kye0
o vkf[k:n~v+okuk v+fuy gEnq fyYykfg jfCcy v+kyehu0
vRrykd+q ejZkrkfu Q+belkdqe fcev+#fQ+u vkSrLjhgqe fcbg+lku0
rhu rykd+
dk
“kjbZ g+y
Û d+qjku o vg+knhl dh jks”kuh esa
Û ,d etfyl dh rhu rykd+sa g+jke gSa
Û ,d oD+r esa rhu rykd+sa nsus ij
,d gh okd+Sv+ gksrh gS
eqv+fYyQ+
Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh
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‘kkus vkSfy;k

uke fdrkc&‘kkus vkfSy;k o ft;

eqv+fYyQ+&Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh

lus b’kkv+r&tuojh& 2020

t+quSn v+yh lQ+oh &

lb;n t+ghjmÌhu lkgc

d+her& 30/- :i;s

enkj cqd fMiks tkosn cqd lsyj

vuokj mnZw cqd fMiks mnZw cqd gkml

03&'kkus vkSfy;k dq+jku dh jks'kuh eas-----10

04&vkSfy;k ls djkerkas dk t+gwj gksrk gS-24

06&vkSfy;k&vYykg ft+Unk gSa------------- 36

07&'kkus vkSfy;k vgknhl dh jks'kuh eas-- 43

08&[k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj----------- 56

09&,d ,rjkt+ vkSj mldk tokc------- 65

10&fu;kt+ o Q+kfrgk fnykuk lqUur gS--- 68

11&cqtqxksZa ds gkFk ik¡o pweuk tkbt+ gS--- 79

vYg+Enq fyYykfg ug~enqgw o uLrbZ+uqgw o

reke [kwfc;k¡ vkSj rkjhQ+sa flQ+Z vYykg rv+kyk

mldk dksbZ ‘kjhd ugha tks usv+ersa o

vkSlkQ+ o v[k+ykd+ esa cqyUn vkSj cs feLy vkSj reke

vkSj jger o lykerh gks vkids vgys

&% rEghn %&

tcfd gd+hd+r ;s gS fd nhuh mewj o

fd+;kl ds eqrkfcd+ ‘kjbZ vgdkekr tks fd tkbt+ gSa

ekStwnk nkSjs fQ+ru eas m+Yek o eqcfYyx+hu dh ckt+

vkSj muds ikl Q+rokas ds dkj[k+kus gSa ftuls

jgh gSa tSls& ^^et+kehj ds lkFk d+Ookyh** ^^rkft+;knkjh**

vkSj bl fdrkc eas eSus [k+okrhu dk ft+;kjrs dqcwj

&% ‘kkus vkSfy;k ¼d+qjku dh jks’kuh esa½ %&

dqjku ethn eas y¶+t+s oyh o vkSfy;k et+dwjk ckyk ekv+uk

et+dqjk vk;rs djhek esa oY;qu dk ekuk nksLr vkSj

lw0&vgt+kc dh vk;r u0&6 esa bldk ekv+uk d+jhc o

vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us iSx+kes rkSghn vius

vkSj ftl ‘k[+l dks vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk

dqjku ethn esa vYykg rv+kyk bj’kkn Q+jekrk gS&

vkSfy;k vYykg dh 'kkuks v+t+er vkSj mudh v+yker ;s

vkSj tc oks lqurs gS rks vyykg rv+kyk dh

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS&

et+dwjk vk;rs djhek ls ekywe gqvk fd jkst+s d+;ker

vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk vius vkSfy;k ij jger

dqjku ethn esa vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk Q+jekrk gS&

bl vk;rs djhek esa mu yksxksa dk gky c;ku

et+dwjk vk;rs djhek eas ‘kqgnk ls eqjkn oks gt+jkr

bl vk;rs djhek esa vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us

vkSj mUgsa 'kjQ+s foyk;r ls ljQ+jkt+ Q+jekrk gS vkSj

&% fln~d+ ds ekv+uh vkSj mlds ejkfrc %&

vkSj mu ls vkxkgh gks vkSj mlesa ok;ns dks iwjk djuk

2%& nwljk fln~d+ ^^bjkns vkSj fu;r ds eqrv+fYyd+** gS

3%& rhljk fln~d+ ^^v+t+e dk fln~d+ gS** D;ksafd ckt+

4%& pkSFkk fln~d+ ^^v+t+e dks iwjk djus dk fln~d+** gS

5%& ikapok¡ fln~d+ ^^vkv+eky dk fln~d+** gS ;kuh bUlku

vkSj bl fd+Le dh [k+jkch ls futkr dh lwjr ;gh gS

6%& NVk vkSj lcls vkv+yk ntsZ dk fln~d+ ^^ed+kekrs

bl vk;rs djhek eas m+Eers eqfLyek ds vke

vkSj mlh ds b'd+ eas eqLrx+jd+ jgrs gSa bl vk;rs djhek

blls eqjkn vYykg ds [k+kl cUns gSa fd ftuds fny

#gkfu;r dh gd++hd+r dks u le> ikus yksx ;s loky

fd vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk us ml Q+fj'rs dks ;s rkd+r

muesa ls ,d dgus okys us dgk rqe ¼;gk¡½ fdruk vjlk

dq+jku ethn dh bl ckr dk bUdkj dSls fd;k

dqRrs dks ;s ed+ke ml x+kj eas ekStwn vkSfy;k&

vlgkcs dg~Q+ t+kfye ckn’kkg ds ‘kj ls cpus vkSj

jgh gSa tSls& ^^et+kehj ds lkFk d+Ookyh ^^rkft+;knkjh