4/22/22, 3:24 AM Adnan Khashoggi - Wikipedia

Adnan Khashoggi
Adnan Khashoggi (Arabic: ‫عدنان خاشقجي‬, romanized:  ‘Adnān
Adnan Khashoggi
Khāshuqjī, Turkish: Adnan Kaşıkçı; 25 July 1935  – 6 June
2017) was a Saudi businessman known for his lavish ‫عدنان خاشقجي‬
business deals and lifestyle.[2][3] He is estimated to have had
a peak net worth of around US$4 billion in the early
1980s.[4]

Contents
Family and education
Business career
Triad International Khashoggi in the 1980s

Operation Moses Born 25 July 1935

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

Iran–Contra affair
Died 6 June 2017 (aged 81)

Imelda Marcos affair

London, England
Media
Occupation Businessman, Arms Dealer
Genesis Intermedia
Spouse(s) Soraya Khashoggi
Seymour Hersh report (m. 1961; div. 1974)​

Personal life Lamia Khashoggi ​(m. 1979)​

Death Shahpari Azam Zanganeh

(m. 1991; div. 2014)​
In popular culture
Films Children 8, including Nabila
Books Khashoggi

Music Parent(s) Mohammad Khashoggi

Samiha Ahmed
See also
Relatives Samira Khashoggi (sister)

References
Soheir Khashoggi (sister)

Further reading Dodi Fayed (nephew)

External links Jamal Khashoggi

(nephew)[1]

Emad Khashoggi (nephew)

Family and education Website www.adnankhashoggi.com
(http://www.adnankhashogg
Khashoggi was born in Mecca, to Mohammad Khashoggi,
i.com/)
who was King Abdul Aziz Al Saud's personal doctor,[5] and
Samiha Ahmed. Khashoggi's sister was author Samira

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Khashoggi who married businessman Mohamed Al-Fayed and was the mother of Dodi Fayed.[6]
Another sister, Soheir Khashoggi, is a well-known Arab novelist (Mirage, Nadia's Song, Mosaic).[6]
He was a paternal uncle of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

Khashoggi was educated at Victoria College in Alexandria, Egypt,[5] and the American universities
California State University, Chico, Ohio State University, and Stanford University. Adnan Khashoggi
left his studies in order to seek his fortune in business.[7]

Business career
Khashoggi's early years were spent among some of Saudi Arabia's
most influential figures. "While attending school he met Hussein
bin Talal, the future King of Jordan. It was at school that
Khashoggi first learned the commercial value of facilitating a deal,
bringing together a Libyan classmate whose father wanted to
import towels with an Egyptian classmate whose father
Khashoggi's private jet
manufactured towels, earning US$1,000 for the introduction.
Khashoggi's subsequent education at university would serve as a
launchpad for his commercial career."[9][10]

In one of his first big deals, a large construction company was

experiencing difficulties with the trucks that it used on the shifting
desert sands. Khashoggi, using money given to him by his father
Khashoggi's super-yacht Nabila[8]
for a car, bought a number of Kenworth trucks, whose wide wheels
made traversing the desert considerably easier. Khashoggi made
his first US$250,000 leasing the trucks to the construction
company, and became the Saudi Arabia-based agent for Kenworth.[9][10]

In the 1960s and 1970s, Khashoggi helped bring together Western companies and the Saudi Arabian
government, to satisfy its infrastructure and defense needs.[9][10] Between 1970 and 1975, Lockheed
paid Khashoggi $106 million in commissions. His commissions started at 2.5% and eventually rose to
as much as 15%. Khashoggi "became for all practical purposes a marketing arm of Lockheed.
Khashoggi would provide not only an entrée but strategy, constant advice, and analysis", according to
Max Helzel, then vice president of Lockheed's international marketing.[11]

A commercial pioneer, he established companies in Switzerland and Liechtenstein to handle his

commissions as well as developing contacts with notables such as CIA officers James H. Critchfield
and Kim Roosevelt and United States businessman Bebe Rebozo, a close associate of U.S. President
Richard Nixon. His yacht, the Nabila, was the largest in the world at the time and was used in the
James Bond film Never Say Never Again.[9][10] After Khashoggi ran into financial problems he sold
the yacht to the Sultan of Brunei, who in turn sold it for US$29 million to Donald Trump, who sold it
for US$20 million[12] to Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal as part of a deal to keep his Taj Mahal casino out
of bankruptcy. Khashoggi gained influence with U.S. President Richard Nixon by donating US$200
million to his 1972 political campaign,[13] through a friendly bank circumventing existing laws that
prohibited such large sums from American corporations to political campaigns.[14] Similar
arrangements allowed Khashoggi to gain influence with important people throughout the World.

Khashoggi headed a company called Triad International Holding Company which among other things
built the Triad Center in Salt Lake City, which later went bankrupt.[15] He was famed as an arms
dealer, brokering deals between US firms and the Saudi government, most actively in the 1960s and
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1970s. In the documentary series The Mayfair Set, Saudi author Said Aburish states that one of
Khashoggi's first weapons deals was providing David Stirling with weapons for a covert mission in
Yemen during the Aden Emergency in 1963. Among his overseas clients were defense contractors
Lockheed Corporation (now Lockheed Martin Corporation), Raytheon, Grumman Aircraft
Engineering Corporation and Northrop Corporation (the last two of which have now merged into
Northrop Grumman).[10][2]

Triad International
Triad International is a multi-national private investment corporation that was owned by
Khashoggi. Its investments include many notable properties and businesses throughout the world.
The company consisted of subsidiary companies, including Triad Management, Triad Properties,
Triad Energy, Triad Technology, and Triad Financial resources.[3][10][16]

The global span of the businesses prompted the creation, by the

Khashoggi family, of a board-game called Triopoly which was
modeled after the classic game of Monopoly. The various game
tiles represented properties and companies owned by Khashoggi
and his Triad corporation. The game was manufactured and given
to family and friends.

Triad International was formed in the early 1960s and as it grew

spanned five continents.[10] The company holdings included
hotels, shopping centers, banks, oil refineries, a computer
manufacturer, a gold mine, construction companies, car and truck
franchises, and the Utah Jazz,[3][10][16] a professional basketball
team. Khashoggi's yacht Khalidia

The company was headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, with its

subsidiary companies located in the United States, Canada and
Saudi Arabia.

Khashoggi, through Triad, owned the Mount Kenya Safari Club,

known as Ol Pejeta Conservancy, a several hundred acre reserve at
the foot of Mount Kenya, San Francisco Town Center East, US; a
US$250 million property; Long Beach Edgington Oil a US$250
million per year oil refinery in the US; ATV computer systems,
Santa Ana, Arizona, US; Colorado Land & Cattle company,
Security National bank in Walnut Creek, California, US, Barrick
gold mine in Toronto, Canada; Saudi Arabian Kenworth, Chrysler
and Fiat car and truck dealerships; the National Gypsum company
in Saudi Arabia, and Sahuaro Petroleum in Phoenix, Arizona,
US.[10]

The company also had major financial interests in Lloyd's of Khashoggi's custom board game of
London; the Manera company; Las Brisas Resort in Acapulco, his properties
Mexico; the Houston Galleria; National car rental company;
Pyramid Oasis in Cairo, Egypt; Travel Lodge Australia; Pacific
Harbor hotel in Fiji; Beirut Riyadh bank; and the bank of Contra Costa.[10]

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Khashoggi's Triad real estate holdings included private residences in Beirut; Jeddah; Riyadh; Geneva;
Cairo; Salt Lake City, Utah; Cone Ranch, Florida; Rome; Paris; Cannes; London; and a multi-floor
penthouse in Olympic Tower in New York.[3][10]

Khashoggi also owned several private jets, and super-yachts through Triad, including a McDonnell
Douglas DC-8 and DC-9, three Boeing 727s, and several smaller business jets and helicopters. His
three super-yachts, the Nabila, the Mohammadia, and the Khalidia, were named after his children,
Nabila, Mohammed, and Khalid.[10]

Operation Moses
Khashoggi was directly involved in helping to organize and fund the top-secret Operation Moses in
1984 to airlift to safety 14,000 Ethiopian Jews from Sudan to Israel[17] during a famine caused by the
Ethiopian civil war.

Iran–Contra affair
Khashoggi was implicated in the Iran–Contra affair as a key middleman in the arms-for-hostages
exchange along with Iranian arms dealer Manucher Ghorbanifar and, in a complex series of events,
was found to have borrowed money for these arms purchases from the Bank of Credit and Commerce
International (BCCI) with Saudi and United States backing.[2] His role in the affair created a related
controversy when Khashoggi donated millions to the American University in Washington DC, to build
a sports arena which would bear his name.[18] Khashoggi was a member of the university's board of
trustees from 1983 until his indictment on fraud and other charges in May 1989.[19] Khashoggi was
"principal foreign agent" of the United States and helped establish the supranational intelligence
partnership known as the Safari Club.[20]

Imelda Marcos affair

In 1988, Khashoggi was arrested in Switzerland, accused of
concealing funds, and held for three months. Khashoggi stopped
fighting extradition when the U.S. prosecutors reduced the
charges to obstruction of justice and mail fraud and dropped the
more serious charges of racketeering and conspiracy. In 1990, a
United States federal jury in Manhattan acquitted Khashoggi and
Imelda Marcos, widow of the exiled Philippine President
Ferdinand Marcos, of racketeering and fraud.[21][22]
Khashoggi's DC-9 jet and helicopter
piloted by Karim Khashoggi
Media
In 1991 Khashoggi made an extended appearance on the British television programme After Dark,
alongside, among others, former Prime Minister Edward Heath and Lord Weidenfeld.[23]

Khashoggi also appeared in Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous in 1985 with host Robin Leach which
showcased Khashoggi's extravagant lifestyle.

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During his peak, Khashoggi was a well-known figure who frequently

appeared in the press and media. He also appeared in various television
shows, newspapers, and notable magazine covers such as Time and The
Washington Post.

Genesis Intermedia
Khashoggi was a financier behind Genesis Intermedia, Inc. (formerly
NASDAQ: GENI), a publicly traded Internet company based in the US. In
2006, Khashoggi was sued by the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Appearing on After Dark in Commission for securities fraud.[24] The case was dismissed in 2008 and
1991 Khashoggi did not admit or deny the allegations.[25]

Seymour Hersh report

In January 2003, Seymour Hersh reported in The New Yorker magazine that former U.S. Assistant
Secretary of Defense Richard Perle had a meeting with Khashoggi in Marseille in order to use him as a
conduit between Trireme Partners, a private venture capital company of which he was one of three
principals, and the Saudi government.[26] At the time, Perle was chair of the Defense Policy Board
Advisory Committee, a Defense Department advisory group, which provided him with access to
classified information and a position to influence defense policy.[26]

Khashoggi told Hersh that Perle talked to him about the economic costs regarding a proposed
invasion of Iraq. " 'If there is no war,' he told me, 'why is there a need for security? If there is a war, of
course, billions of dollars will have to be spent.' "[27]

Personal life
In 1961, Khashoggi married 20-year-old Englishwoman Sandra Daly who
converted to Islam and took the name Soraya Khashoggi. They raised one
daughter (Nabila)[28] and four sons together (Mohamed, Khalid,
Hussein, and Omar).[8] They divorced in 1974.

Khashoggi's second wife, the Italian Laura Biancolini, (m. 1978) also
converted to Islam and changed her name to Lamia Khashoggi. She was
seventeen when she met Adnan; together they had a son, Ali. Khashoggi
remained married to Lamia Khashoggi at his death.[8]

Adnan's third legal wife was Shahpari Azam Zanganeh (m. 1991-2014).

In the 1980s, the Khashoggi family occupied one of the largest villa Khashoggi and wife Lamia
estates in Marbella, Spain, called Baraka, hosting lavish parties. Guests
at these parties included film stars, pop celebrities and politicians.[29] In
1985, celebrity reporter Robin Leach reported Khashoggi threw a five-day birthday party in Vienna for
his eldest son,[30] and in his heyday, Khashoggi spent $250,000 a day to maintain his lifestyle.[31] He
continued to spend lavishly even when he encountered financial problems.[8] His net worth was said
to have been down to about $8 million in 1990.[32] Due to his extravagant lifestyle, he was called the
Great Gatsby of the Middle East.[33] [34]

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Khashoggi also owned Ol Pejeta Conservancy, in Laikipia County, Kenya known at the time as the
Mount Kenya Safari Club. His house has since been converted into a hotel which is run by Serena
Hotels.[16]

Death
Khashoggi died on 6 June 2017 while being treated for Parkinson's disease at the St Thomas' Hospital
in London.[35][36] He was 81.[9][37]

In popular culture

Films
Where I Stand: The Hank Greenspun Story[38]
The One Percent[39]
The Hand of God

Books
Ronald Kessler. The Richest Man in the World: The Story of Adnan Khashoggi. New York: Warner
Books (1943). OCLC 13124694 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13124694).[40]
The One-Page Proposal: How to Get Your Business Pitch onto One Persuasive Page. ISBN 978-
0062084125.
Andrew Feinstein. The Shadow World: Inside the Global Arms Trade[41]

Music
"Khashoggi's Ship", a song by Queen from the album The Miracle (1989)[42]
"I am", a song by Army of Lovers, contains the lyrics "What Bobby is to Pam, Khashoggi to Iran, I
am" (1993)
"La Plage de Saint-Tropez", a song by Army of Lovers contains the lyrics "We meet Khashoggi
with a gun" (1993)[43]

See also
Bob Shaheen

References
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ml?_r=0). The New York Times. Retrieved 7 June 2017.

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7. Sidhu, Jatswan S. (2009). Historical Dictionary of Brunei Darussalam (https://books.google.com/b
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98909), Vanity Fair, September 1989; Retrieved 11 February 2012
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archive.org/web/20080919071454/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C963
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12. Roberts, Roxanne (9 October 2015). "Inside the fabulous world of Donald Trump, where money is
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13. Anthony Summers with Robbyn Swan, The Arrogance of Power: The Secret World of Richard
Nixon, (New York: Viking Penguin, 2000), p. 283
14. Jim Hougan, "Spooks: The Haunting of America: The Private Use of Secret Agents," (New York:
William Morrow, 1978), 457-58
15. "Utah Company of Khashoggi Goes Bankrupt" (https://articles.latimes.com/1987-01-29/news/mn-2
279_1_bankruptcy-court). Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 29 January 1987. Retrieved
7 June 2017.
16. Mwongela, Ferdinand (21 July 2011). "Ol Pejeta House: Khashoggi's decadent hideout" (https://w
ww.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2000039306/ol-pejeta-house-khashoggi-s-decadent-hid
eout). Standard Digital. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
17. "Businessman's Role in Deal Told : Saudis Reported Hedging Bets in Iran-Iraq Conflict" (https://w
ww.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-11-27-mn-13556-story.html). Los Angeles Times. 27
November 1986.
18. Isikoff, Michael; Isikoff, Michael (11 January 1987). "American U. Donation Stirs Debate" (https://w
ww.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1987/01/11/american-u-donation-stirs-debate/a8487a86-17
88-4a79-ab8f-16e02c03df43/). The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 (https://www.worldcat.org/i
ssn/0190-8286). Retrieved 12 June 2017.
19. Christensen, Deborah (5 May 1989). "In Arresting Move, School's Board Drops Khashoggi" (http
s://articles.latimes.com/1989-05-05/news/mn-2038_1_towed-daley-s-press-secretary-fbi). Los
Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035). Retrieved 7 June
2017.

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20. Cohen, Steven (8 April 2016). "The Covert Roots of the Panama Papers" (https://newrepublic.co
m/article/132502/covert-roots-panama-papers). The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583 (https://www.
worldcat.org/issn/0028-6583). Retrieved 20 July 2020.
21. "Imelda Marcos Acquitted : Cleared of Looting Philippines to Buy N.Y. Skyscrapers : Khashoggi
Also Freed in Blow to Justice Dept" (https://articles.latimes.com/1990-07-02/news/mn-640_1_imel
da-marcos-acquitted). Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 2 July 1990.
22. Yuenger, James (20 July 1989). "Arms Dealer Goes From Riches To Jail" (http://articles.chicagotri
bune.com/1989-07-20/news/8902180958_1_imelda-marcos-adnan-khashoggi-philippine-
treasury). Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
23. Website (https://www.openmedia.co.uk/after-dark-series-three-core-database) of production
company Open Media
24. Bloomberg News in the New York Times. 14 April 2006 S.E.C. Accuses Saudi Financier and
Executive of Stock Fraud (https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/14/business/14court.html)
25. Edvard Pettersson for Bloomberg news. 1 April 2010 Saudi Financier Khashoggi Settles SEC's
GenesisIntermedia Case (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-04-01/saudi-financier-k
hashoggi-settles-with-sec-over-seller-of-ab-twisters-)
26. Baer, Robert (2003). Sleeping with the Devil: How Washington Sold Our Soul for Saudi Crude (htt
ps://books.google.com/books?id=-TL9ictK2NMC&pg=PT138). Crown/Archetype. p. 138.
ISBN 9781400053377.
27. The New Yorker: Lunch With The Chairman. (https://www.newyorker.com/archive/2003/03/17/030
317fa_fact?currentPage=all) 17 March 2003.
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6/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4704434/Heiress-who-casts-herself-as-a-struggling-actress.h
tml). The Telegraph. 21 September 1996. Archived from the original (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/
culture/4704434/Heiress-who-casts-herself-as-a-struggling-actress.html) on 9 April 2014.
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6/pagina-17/32888863/pdf.html), La Vanguardia, 6 August 1986; Retrieved 11 February 2012
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bituary). the Guardian. 7 June 2017.
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klynews.com/2017/06/12/great-gatsby-of-the-middle-east-dies/). Euro Weekly News Spain.
Retrieved 20 August 2020.
34. Media, Euro Weekly News (12 June 2017). "Great Gatsby of the Middle East dies" (https://www.e
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36. "Morto il miliardario Khashoggi: icona di lusso e ricchezza negli anni '80 – Rai News" (http://www.r
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e.html). Rainews.it. 27 November 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
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e/1111066/saudi-arabia). Arab News. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
38. "Moving documentary embodies Hank Greenspun, a Las Vegas character" (https://www.reviewjou
rnal.com/news/moving-documentary-embodies-hank-greenspun-a-las-vegas-character/). Las
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www.hbo.com.
40. Murphy, Brian (6 June 2017). "Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi arms merchant and world-class playboy,
dies" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/adnan-khashoggi-saudi-arms-merchant-a
nd-world-class-playboy-dies/2017/06/06/491bbe60-4adf-11e7-a186-60c031eab644_story.html).
The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
41. Marozzi, Justin (1 November 2011). "The Shadow World: Inside the Global Arms Trade by
Andrew Feinstein (review)" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/8848716/The-Shadow-World-Insi
de-theGlobal-Arms-Trade-by-Andrew-Feinstein-review.html). The Telegraph. Retrieved 7 June
2017.
42. "Saudi Arms Dealer Adnan Khashoggi Dead at 81" (https://www.voanews.com/a/saudi-arms-deale
r-adnan-khashoggie-dead-eighty-one/3889559.html). VOA News. 6 June 2017. Retrieved 7 June
2017.
43. "Army of Lovers - La Plage De Saint Tropez Lyrics" (https://www.metrolyrics.com/la-plage-de-saint
-tropez-lyrics-army-of-lovers.html). Metro Lyrics. Retrieved 26 July 2020.

Further reading
Kessler, Ronald. The Richest Man in the World: The Story of Adnan Khashoggi, Warner Books,
New York, 1986
Mackey, Sandra. The Saudis: Inside the Desert Kingdom. Updated Edition. Norton Paperback. W.
W. Norton and Company, New York. 2002 (first edition: 1987). ISBN 0-393-32417-6

External links
Official website (http://www.adnankhashoggi.com)
Adnan Khashoggi (http://everettjenkinswhoswhoinislam.blogspot.com/) in Who’s Who in Islam (htt
ps://archive.today/yc29r)

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