20-07-2022

20-JULY-2022

The Hindu News Analysis – 20th July 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
Page Number*
S.
News Articles
No.
C B D H T

1 A new legislation that mirrors the old (Editorial) 9 11 7 9 7

2 Alva files papers for Vice-President election 10 12 10 10 8

3 CAG flags lack of spectrum price review for captive users 14 16 14 14 12

4 All States agreed to GST changes on food items: Finance Min 11 13 11 11 9

5 ‘GST: Punjab, Goa may see most stress’ 14 16 14 14 12

6 Prelims Practice Questions

@ end of the video
7 Mains Practice Question
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

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Page number:
C-9; B-11; D-7; H-9; T-7;

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Drug and Cosmetics Act 1940
Paper I - (200 marks)
• Obj - to regulate the import, manufacture
• Current events of national and international
and distribution of drugs.
importance.
Part B—Main Examination • Aim – Ensure drugs are safe and effective.

PAPER-III • Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945

General Studies‐ II: Governance, Constitution,
Has provision of drugs into schedules.
Polity, Social Justice and International relations.
• Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB)
• Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial
bodies. Statutory Body.

• Government policies and interventions for Provides advice to Central and State
development in various sectors and issues arising
government related to drugs.
out of their design and implementation.

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• Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation • State Drug Controller

(CDSCO)
Each state and UT has their own state
Under Union Health Ministry. regulator.
Headed by Drug Controller General of Provide license to drug manufacturers.
India (DCGI)
Check drug quality in market.
National Drugs Regulatory Authority.
Remove license when drugs are
To enforce Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 substandard.
and the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945.

Function

Regulation of import of drugs.

Drug standards.

Ensuring drugs undergo clinical trials.

Draft Drug, Medical Devices, and Cosmetics Issues in draft bill

Bill-2022 • Inspection method old and ineffective.

• Medical Devices. Present method – Random inspection of

Defines medical devices for first time. product in market.

Medical devices technical advisory board to Current method not effective.

be established International Practice – GMP Method

To advice the government. (Good manufacturing practice)

Central and State testing labs for medical GMP Method – inspection during the
devices. manufacturing process.

• Online Pharmacy.

Central government to frame rules.

For the regulation of online pharmacy.

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• No common national framework. • Accountability issue.

Role of CDSCO limited. Present practice – information accessed

only through RTI Act 2005.
Enforcement mainly by state regulators.
No default publication of data.
37 state regulators - different safety
standards. Public participation must be encouraged.

State framing weak safety standards. To ensure accountability of bureaucrats

and technical experts.
To attract investment from pharma
companies.

Need – Common national standards and

empowerment of CDSCO.

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Critically analyze the Draft Drug,
Medical Devices, and Cosmetics Bill-
2022.
(250 words, 15 marks)

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Page number: C-10; B-12; D-10; H-10; T-8;

President Election

Election of Vice President Art 54

Art 66 • Electoral college

• Electoral college - members of both Elected members of both Houses of

Houses of Parliament Parliament & State legislative Assemblies

Both elected & nominated Difference

Election manner • President – Includes members from SLA

• System of proportional representation by • VP – only members form Parliament

means of the single transferable vote • President – only elected members

• Secret ballot • VP – both elected & nominated

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Other Provisions of VP
Practice Question – Prelims
• Eligibility Q. Consider the following statements regarding
Vice President of India
• Should not be a member of both houses of
1. Member elected to fill the vacancy
Parliament & house of State legislature created by the reason of resignation will
hold office only for the remaining period
• Should
of the term.
Be a citizen of India 2. The Vice President is removed from
her/his office in the same manner as that
Have completed 35 years of age of the President.
Be qualified for election as a member of Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
Rajya Sabha
a) 1 only
Not hold any office of profit under the b) 2 only
GOI or Govt. of state c) All of the above
d) None of the above
• Term – 5 years

Page number:
C-14; B-16; D-14; H-14; T-12;

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Comptroller and Auditor General • Administrative expenses - charged upon

Consolidated fund of India
Art 148
• President with consultation of CAG prescribes
• Appointment – by President by warrant under
rules for
his hand and seal
Conditions of service of persons in Indian
• Removal – Similar to removal procedure of
Audit and Accounts Department
Judge of SC
Administrative powers of CAG.
• Term – 6 years or 65 yrs of age
Duties & Powers
• Further appointment – not eligible
• Art 149
Other provisions
Prescribed by law of Parliament
• Salary & other conditions – Law of the
Parliament CAG’s (Duties, Powers and Conditions of
Service) act, 1971
Until then – 2nd schedule
Amendment - 1976

Duties and Powers of CAG

1. He audits the accounts related to all expenditure from
The Consolidated Fund of India, consolidated fund of each state and consolidated
fund of each union territory having a Legislative Assembly.
The Contingency Fund of India and the Public Account of India as well as the
contingency fund of each state and the public account of each state.
2. He audits all trading, manufacturing, profit and loss accounts, balance sheets and
other subsidiary accounts kept by any department of the Central Government and
state governments.
3. He audits the receipts and expenditure of the Centre and each state to check on the
assessment, collection and proper allocation of revenue.
4. He audits the receipts and expenditure of the following:
All bodies and authorities substantially financed from the Central or state
revenues;
Government companies; and
Other corporations and bodies, when so required by related laws.

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Duties and Powers of CAG

5. He audits all transactions of the Central and state governments related to debt,
sinking funds, deposits, advances, suspense accounts and remittance business. He
also audits receipts, stock accounts and others, with approval of the President, or
when required by the President.
6. He advises the President with regard to prescription of the form in which the
accounts of the Centre and the states shall be kept.
7. He ascertains and certifies the net proceeds of any tax or duty (Article 279). His
certificate is final.
8. He acts as a guide, friend and philosopher of the Public Accounts Committee of the
Parliament.
9. The CAG submits three audit reports to the President—audit report on appropriation
accounts, audit report on finance accounts, and audit report on public undertakings.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements about
Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
1. The reports of CAG relating to the
accounts of Union and States are
submitted to the President.
2. The accounts of the Union and States
are kept in the form as prescribed by
the President based on the advice of
CAG.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Page number:
C-11; B-13; D-11; H-11; T-9;

47th GST Council - Changes Made

5% GST Bracket

• Packed foods — milk, curd and paneer

12% GST Bracket
• Unpacked foods — rice and wheat when packed.
• Hotels charging Rs 1,000 or less per day for stay
• Dried leguminous vegetables
• Solar water heaters
• Makhana
• Finished goods like leather products
• Wheat or meslin flour
• Maps and charts, including atlases
• Jaggery
• Renting of truck, goods carriage where the cost of
• Puffed rice
fuel is included.
• Organic food

• Manure and compost.

• Electric vehicles, (with or without battery)

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47th GST Council – Changes Made

Clarification of Finance Minister

18% GST Bracket • Earlier – 5% GST for pre packed branded

cereals, pulses and flour.
• Printing
Misuse by manufactures.
• Writing and drawing ink

• LED lamps Tax avoidance.

• Drawing instruments • Present – 5% GST for pre packed branded

and unbranded food products.
• Tetra packets

• Services such as work contracts for roads, bridges, Will avoid tax leakage.

railways, metro, effluent treatment plants and

• Wheat, pulses, rice, maize, curd and lassi
crematoriums.
Sold loose will not attract GST.

Link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkG5R8S3QiY

Page number: C-14; B-16; D-14; H-14; T-12

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GST Compensation
• States at loss.
• GST - 1st July 2017.
GST basics
• Compensation period – 5 years.
• 30th June 2022 – News Analysis
• GST compensation introduced to remove the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkG5R8S3QiY
fears of state government of possible revenue
loss.

• States faced loss – Union government

provided compensation.

• GST collection has not matched government

expectation.

Centre compensated revenue loss by

increasing Union excise duty on Petrol,
Diesel and Aviation turbine fuel.

Quiz Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
about GST.
1. GST is a destination based Tax.
2. GST is imposed in Value Added at
each stage of production.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) All of the above
d) None of the above

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements about
Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
1. The reports of CAG relating to the
accounts of Union and States are
submitted to the President.
2. The accounts of the Union and States
are kept in the form as prescribed by
the President based on the advice of
CAG.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements regarding
Vice President of India
1. Member elected to fill the vacancy
created by the reason of resignation will
hold office only for the remaining period
of the term.
2. The Vice President is removed from
her/his office in the same manner as that
of the President.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question – Prelims

ANSWERS
Q1. Option (b) – 2 only
Q2. Option (d) - Neither 1 nor 2

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Quiz Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
about GST.
1. GST is a destination based Tax.
2. GST is imposed in Value Added at
each stage of production.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) All of the above
d) None of the above

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Critically analyze the Draft Drug,
Medical Devices, and Cosmetics Bill-
2022.
(250 words, 15 marks)

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