ALL INDIA SHRI SHIVAJI MEMORIAL SOCIETY’S

INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, PUNE

Department of Information Technology
(Academic Year-2018-2019)

Project Based Seminar (PBS) Synopsis

For
“Improving Fuel economy by IoT and Data Analytics”

Submitted By
Group No: [11]
Kshpira Dhame [24]

Guided by
Prof. Amit V Kore
 Contents of Synopsis

1. Introduction
2. Significance of Study
3. Literature Survey
4. Title of PBS
5. Objectives and Goals
6. Methodology
7. System Design and Architecture
8. Hardware and Software Specification
9. Summary and Further Work
10. References

Seminar Guide Seminar Coordinator H.O.D.

Prof. Amit V Kore Prof. Pradnya Gulhane Prof. Meenakshi Thalor
 Introduction

Vehicles are a necessity in this fast-moving world. Recently, increased fuel

consumption by vehicles have raised areas of concern. With the hike in fuel prices it has
become a necessity to improve the efficiency of fuel consumed. It has become a necessity
to devise a system that can ease the process of monitoring the fuel usage and real-time
tracking of vehicles. This system is a combination of Internet of things (IoT), cloud
computing and data analytics. The data is collected from the built-in sensors in the
vehicle like fuel detector, oxygen sensor, throttle position sensor, crankshaft position
sensor from the Engine Control Unit (ECU). For the purpose of making the vehicle
diagnostics available in human readable form it is scanned by On-Board-Diagnostic
(OBD-II) scanner and integrated by Raspberry Pi. The vehicle diagnostics are uploaded
on a cloud server in real time for live tracking of vehicles are also used in the data
analyzing process to find the estimate of fuel consumed and also to find the causes of
inefficient fuel consumption.

Significance of Study
The idea is to collect data from the built-in sensors in vehicles and to
provide it as data set for data analyzing process. It is practically impossible to keep track
of fuel consumed by a vehicle manually, the IoT based system makes this tedious job
much simpler for car owners. The data collected from the sensors connected to the ECU
are used to analyze the vehicle condition thereby increasing fuel economy. The GPS
helps in real-time tracking of the vehicle. It can be used in tracking the vehicle in case of
theft. This system is designed to alert the driver and the owner in case of over-speeding to
reduce fuel consumption. It helps in detection of fuel leakage. The data set provided to
data analyzing process helps to recognize driving patterns and generate a report which
gives the causes of inefficient fuel consumption. The system has been devised to keep
track of the fuel consumed by vehicles in a hustle free manner.
 Literature Survey

Sr No Name of Paper Author Description

1 Intelligent Vehicle Dimil Josea , The paper gives information of the

Monitoring Using Sanath ZigBee protocol which is used for
Global Positioning Prasadb , V. G. communication between the sensors.
Gateway is used to communicate with
System and Cloud Sridhar
the sensor nodes as well as with the
Computing communication network. Co-ordinate
node is used to integrate data collected
from gateways which can be accessed
by users from cloud servers.

2 Applied Internet of Emir Husni, On-board-Diagnostics are used to

Things(IoT): Galuh Boy collect information regarding the
Car Monitoring Hetantyo, engine from the Engine Control Unit
which in turn helps in reducing fuel
System Using IBM Daniel Wahyu
consumption.
BlueMix

3 Diagnostics vehicle’s J V Moniaga, S Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi can be

condition using obd-ii R Manalu, D A used for interfacing the
and raspberry pi Hadipurnawan sensors.However, Raspberry Pi is
better than Arduino in terms of speed,
technology: study and F Sahidi
also it has an USB port.
literature
 Title of PBS

Improving Fuel economy by IoT and Data Analytics

Objectives and Goals

Objectives:
 To integrate the data collected from sensors.
 To setup a sensor-microcontroller network to collect data from various
sources and relay it to the microcontroller.
 To use IoT principles and control the microcontroller remotely.
Goals:
 To design a model that gives real-time tracking of vehicles.
 To reduce unnecessary fuel consumption.
 To find the cause of inefficient fuel consumption.

Methodologies
The fuel consumed by a vehicle can be monitored either manually or with the help
of automation. The monitoring of fuel consumption manually is a tedious job. After
studying the various research papers, it has been observed that we can make use of
external sensors or built-in sensors on a vehicle for monitoring the fuel consumption. The
external sensors such as flow sensor can only detect the fuel level. The built-in sensors
connected to the Engine Control Unit (ECU) give a much-detailed description of vehicle
conditions.
The Engine Control Unit provides the vehicle diagnostics such as the engine
RPM(Revolution per Minute), acceleration, speed, air-fuel ratio, fuel level from
crankshaft position sensor, throttle position sensor, oxygen sensor, vehicle speed sensor
and fuel pressure sensor respectively which are used to monitor fuel consumption by the
vehicle.
The system can be interfaced by the use of Arduino Uno or Raspberry Pi. Both Arduino
and Raspberry Pi can be connected to On-Board-Diagnostics for the retrieval of data
from Engine Control Unit. The retrieved data is used in the process of increasing fuel
economy by finding the causes of inefficiencies in fuel consumption.

System Design and Architecture

In this system, IoT is applied along with On-Board-Diagnostics (OBD-II) scanner
and Raspberry Pi for integration of data. Engine Control Unit: The following sensors are
connected to the Engine Control Unit
o A vehicle speed sensor generates a magnetic pulse in the form of a wave
proportional to the speed of the vehicle.
o The throttle position sensor tells the ECU how far the throttle plate is opened
when the accelerator (gas pedal) is pressed down
o The engine RPM is monitored by the crankshaft position sensor and camshaft
position sensor which plays a primary role in the engine timing functions for
fuel injection, spark events, and valve timing. Idle speed is controlled by a
programmable throttle stop or an idle air bypass control stepper motor.
 GPS Module:
o Acquisition of a vehicle's geographic coordinates and a vehicle’s unique ID
from an in-vehicle device in real time using the GPS module.
o Transmission of a vehicle's location information and a vehicle’s ID to a web
server after a specified time interval using the GSM/GPRS module

To build this fuel monitoring system several supporting devices are needed, the
first device is the On-Board-Diagnostic (OBD-II) scanner tool which retrieves data from
existing sensors on the car through communication with Engine Control Unit (ECU).
A connection is established between the General-Purpose Input Output (GPIO)
pins of Raspberry pi and On-Board-Diagnostic (OBD-II) scanner for processing the
retrieved vehicle diagnostics to find the cause of inefficient fuel consumption with the
help of data analytics.
All this information is stored on a cloud server for the easy access to the user to
get a summary of fuel consumed by the vehicle.
 Hardware and Software specification

The system needs the following Software and Hardware for its design.
1. Sensors connected to the ECU
2. GPS module
3. On-Board-Diagnostic-II scanner
4. Arduino Uno
5. Database Management System (Cloud based)
6. The cloud-based server
7. Data Collector
8. GPRS/GSM Network
9. Active internet connection

Summary and Future Work

The built-in sensors connected to the Engine Control Unit save the cost of use of
external sensors to get the information of parameters that monitor fuel consumption.
There will be a very low chance of anomaly in the data retrieved by the On-Board-
Diagnostic (OBD-II).
Arduino Uno has been chosen for this system as it is cost effective. The data is
updated to the cloud server in a timely manner with the help Arduino Uno.
The vehicle is tracked in real-time with the help of GPS module.
An IoT based system is going to be beneficial in improving the fuel economy. It
focuses on reducing the manual work necessary to keep record of fuel consumed by a
vehicle. The records of the various aspects dealing with fuel consumption are stored on a
web-based portal.
 References

1. Dimil Josea , Sanath Prasadb , V. G. Sridhar, “Intelligent Vehicle Monitoring

Using Global Positioning System and Cloud Computing”
2. Emir Husni, Galuh Boy Hetantyo, Daniel Wahyu, “Applied Internet of
Things(IoT):Car Monitoring System Using IBM BlueMix”
3. J V Moniaga, S R Manalu, D A Hadipurnawan and F Sahidi, “Diagnostics
vehicle’s condition using obd-ii and raspberry pi technology: study literature”