5.

Calculating Von-Mises stresses and Total deformation in the Geometries 1 and 2 in a

CONCRETE Material:
Once the boundary conditions are applied, we need to right click on Solution Tab and Solve
the boundary. After that with the help of color contours, we can study which area the
magnitude of solution is high and low. We can also calculate and find the value at particular
location with the help of Probe tool.
Following Screenshots shows the Equivalent Von mises stress and Total Deformation. In
Concrete Material.
Geometry 1

Description of Result Generated:

1. After clicking evaluate results, this solver takes some time to solve the problems
and generate the required solutions that is equivalent stress and total
deformation.
2. Down below there is the graph interface shown in above screenshot.
3. Where are total four buttons, from which we can play the animation of the
propagation of equivalent stress from 0 KN to 15000KN. During this the material
will be seen the form at the end of animation. We can also change the time of
animation buy the option given to the right side of animation buttons.
4. Adjacent two graph interface there is tabular data shown. In this data maximum
stress minimum stress and average stress values are mention.
5. Similarly in the deformation solution tab we can identify the maximum the
deformation as well as the minimum deformation. We can also find the formation
in a particular direction like the formation in X direction, Y direction and Z
direction.
 Maximum Stress = 710.91 Mpa
Maximum Deformation= 6.5785 mm

Geometry 2:
For geometry 2 there is significant change in the values of Equivalent Stress and the Total
Deformation. In case of geometry 2 we have added more surface area for the bottom
support. And hence that support will create a normal reaction upwards which will resist
the applied force. This will cause decrease in equivalent stress and total defamation value.
In geometry 2 we can see more amount of blue colour contour region. Which means that
minimum stresses are taking more region in this geometry. This will increase the scope of
topology optimisation. But in case of the Geometry 1 we have some what less scope for
topology Optimization. The Design Engineer has to make the wise decision on choosing
the geometry. The Geometry 2 has less value of equivalent stress and hence it is safer as
per design consideration. But If we talk about mass and Volume, the Geometry 1 has less
mass and Volume as compared to Geometry 2 . So as per Mass consideration geometry 1
is good to design.
Maximum Stress = 141.15 Mpa

Maximum Deformation = 0.97 mm

Similarly, we have calculated Equivalent Von mises stress and Total Deformation. for
Structural Steel Material with same designs of Geometries:
Geometry 1:

Maximum Equivalent Stress= 697.63 Mpa

Maximum Deformation = 0.93 mm

Geometry 2:

Maximum Equivalent Stress = 133.59 Mpa

Maximum Deformation = 0.1532 mm
Comparison of Results Between Two Materials:

1. The first material which we considered for analysis was concrete. By the properties of
concrete, it possesses high brittleness and hence it will resist the deformation which will
result in more equivalent stress.
2. On other hand in case of structural Steel, it has property of yielding. Show the
resistance to the applied load will be less and hence it will result in somewhat less
equivalent stress as compared to concrete.
3. According to safety purpose, structural Steel is good for design. Because even though
deformation takes place in structural steel, it will show some significant yielding of
material before actual failure.
4. In case of concrete, there is no yielding, and hence it is difficult to determine whether
the bridge is safe or not since there is no indication of initial stage of failure. in case of
structural Steel, the initial stage of failure is identified.