9/21/2020

FRICTION

Prepared By:

RAYDIANNE GALVEZ

FRICTION

• Objectives
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• At the end of the lesson, the students are expected 
to be able to:
• Define what friction is as well as the other 
terminologies about this topic.
• Calculate friction force between two bodies on different 
scenarios.

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Definition of friction.
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• force resisting the relative motion of solid 
surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements 
sliding against each other.
• retarding force that always acts opposite to the 
motion
• often synonymous with "dry friction".

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Dry Friction
• Sliding Friction
• Rolling Friction
• Fluid Friction

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Dry Friction
• occurs when unlubricated surfaces of two solids are 
in contact and slide or tend to slide from each 
other.

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• 2 categories of dry friction
• Static Friction:
Friction between two non‐moving surfaces.
• Kinetic Friction:
Friction between two moving surfaces.

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Sliding friction
• Friction that acts on objects when they are 
sliding over a surface. 
• Weaker than static friction.
• Static friction remains at rest since the applied 
force is lesser than the friction force. Sliding 
friction begins to slide since the applied force is 
larger than the friction force generated.

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Sliding friction
• Also known as kinetic friction
• occurs between two object where one 
object slides from another object’s surface.

**Imagine a lock of wood sliding on a 
surface

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Rolling friction (rolling resistance)
• friction that acts on objects that are rolling over 
a surface.
Weaker than sliding friction.

**Imagine a lock of wood sliding on a surface vs a 
ball rolling over a surface

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Fluid Friction
• friction that acts on objects that are moving 
through a fluid.
• Lubricated friction is a case of fluid 
friction where a lubricant fluid separates two 
solid surfaces.
• occurs between fluid layers that are moving 
relative to each other. This internal resistance to 
flow is named viscosity. 

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Types of Friction
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Fluid Friction
• Discussed more elaborately in Fluid Mechanics
• It causes a falling object to slow down. 

**Imagine a Free‐falling Feather (Air resistance), or 
dipping an object  in a container with any fluid. The more 
viscous the fluid is, the stronger the resistance.

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

• Block on Level Surface
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

f = Friction force
μ = Coefficient of friction
R = Resultant of f and N
Ø = angle of friction

f = μN
tan Ø = f/N
tan Ø = μ

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Block on Inclined Surface
• If Ø  < Ɵ, then the maximum available friction 
force f is less than Wx, which means the block 
will slide down the surface.

• If Ø  = Ɵ, then the friction force f is just equal to 
Wx, which means the block is in impending 
motion.

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Block on Inclined Surface
• If Ø  > Ɵ, then the 
maximum available 
frictional resistance f is 
greater than Wx, which 
mean the block will 
remain in place.

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

• Problem No. 1
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• A block weighing 300 lbs 
is on a level surface which 
has coefficient of friction 
equal to 0.35. Determine 
the maximum horizontal 
force (F) that the block 
could resist in order for 
the block to remain at 
rest.  

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Problem No. 1
W = 300 lbs
μ =  0.35
N = W = 300 lbs
F = f = μN
F = 0.35 * 300 lbs
F = 105 lbs

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Problem No. 2
• Same scenario as No. 1 
except the maximum 
force to be resisted (F) 
should be inclined by 30˚, 
downward direction. 

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

• Problem No. 2
+↑∑Fy = 0
N – W – Fy = 0
N = W + F  * sin Ɵ
N = 300 lbs + F * sin 30˚

f = μN 
f = 0.35 * (300 lbs + F * sin 30˚)

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

• Problem No. 2
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

+→∑Fx = 0
Fx – f = 0
F *cos 30˚ – 0.35 * (300 lbs + F * sin 30˚) = 0 
F *cos 30˚ – 105 lbs – (0.35 * F * sin 30˚) = 0
F *cos 30˚ – (0.35 * F * sin 30˚) = 105 lbs
F * [cos 30˚ – (0.35 * sin 30˚)] = 105 lbs
F = 151.95 lbs

MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

• Problem No. 3
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

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MOMENT AND COUPLE

• Friction Force Calculation
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

• Problem No. 3
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

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