Dra.

Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL JOSE FAUSTINO SANCHEZ CARRION

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, FOOD INDUSTRIES AND

ENVIRONMENTAL

PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

COURSE:
English III

PROFESSOR:
Ms. Elia Andrade Girón

STUDENT:
Antonella Guevara

CYCLE:
IV

TOPIC:
Second and third conditional

HUACHO - 2021

1
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

SECOND CONDITIONAL

USE

• We use the second conditional to talk about unreal situations in the present.
• The second conditional describes an imaginary, impossible or unlikely situation in
the present or future.
• We use conditional type 2
To talk about an imaginary situation contrary to facts in the present.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy an expensive car.

Condition result
( I don`t have enough money at present.)
If I had a full- time job, I would earn more money.
Condition result

In reality, I do not have a lot of money. But I use the second conditional to imagine
having a lot of money.
The situation is hypothetical. It is not real.
To give advice.
If I were you, I would send her a letter.

IF + SIMPLE PAST, WOULD + VERB INTHE SIMPLE

FORM

EXAMPLES
Current situation:
1. I don’t make enough money.
If I made enough money, I would buy a new car.
I would buy a new car if I made enough money.

2. Mario doesn`t speak English.

If he spoke English, he would get a better job.
He would get a better job if he spoke English.

3. Linda doesn`t work out.

If she worked out, she would be in better shape.
She would be in better shape if she worked out.

4. Brenda isn`t happy.

If she were happy, she would smile once in a while.
She would smile once in a while if she were happy.
2
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

5. Pablo isn`t in love with Jane.

If pablo were in love with Jane, he would buy her flowers.
He would buy her flowers if Pablo were in love with Jane.

6. I am not young.
If I were Young, I would be more energetic.
I would be more energetic if I were young.

EXERCISES

a. If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.

Si ganara la lotería, viajaría por todo el mundo.
I would travel around the world If I won the lottery.

b. If I were in Brazil, I would go to Rio de Janeiro.

Si estuviera en Brasil, iría a Río de Janeiro.
I would go to Rio de Janeiro If I were in Brazil.

c. If I were you, I would buy that car.

Si yo fuera tú, compraría ese auto.
I would buy that car, If I were you.

d. If he were in my place, he wouldn`t do this.

Si estuviera en mi lugar, no haría esto.
He wouldn’t do this If he were in my place.

e. If I had more money, I would buy a nice apartment.

Si tuviera más dinero, compraría un bonito apartamento.
I would buy a nice apartment If I had more money.

f. If she had more time, she would travel more often.

Si tuviera más tiempo, viajaría con más frecuencia.
She would travel more often If she had more time.

g. If it were no training, we could go out.

Si no fuera por entrenamiento, podríamos salir.
We could go out If It were no training.

h. If we didn`t have to work today, we could have a picnic.

Si no tuviéramos que trabajar hoy, podríamos hacer un picnic.
We could have a picnic If we didn’t have to work today.

3
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

i. If they won the lottery, they wouldn`t work any more.

Si ganaran la lotería, no funcionarían más.
They wouldn’t work any more If they won the lottery.

j. If I saw her, I would ask her out.

Si la veía, la invitaría a salir.
I would ask her out If I saw her.

k. If you went to Brazil, you wouldn`t want to come back.

Si fueras a Brasil, no querrías volver.
You wouldn’t want to come back If you went to Brazil.

l. If they spoke Spanish, we would understand them.

Si hablaran español, los entenderíamos.
We would understand them If they spoke Spanish.

m. If he didn`t live by the river, he couldn`t go fishing.

Si no viviera junto al río, no podría ir a pescar.
He couldn’t go fishing If he didn’t live by the river.

n. If I didn`t want to go, I would tell you.

Si no quisiera ir, te lo diría.
I would tell you If I didn’t want to go.

o. If they worked for that company, they might have better salaries.
Si trabajaran para esa empresa, podrían tener mejores salarios.
They might have better salaries If they worked for the company.

p. If she wrote a book, it would be a best-seller.

Si escribiera un libro, sería un éxito de ventas.
It would be a best-seller If she wrote a book.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

USE

The third conditional describes hypothetical situations in the past.

We are imagining the result of something that did not happen.
We are imagining a different past.
➢ We use conditional type 3

To talk aboud an imaginary situation contrary to facts in the past.

4
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

If he had apologised, I would have forgiven him.

To express regrets or criticism.

If you had been driving carefully, you wouldn`t have had an accident.

EXAMPLE

( Yesterday, you played the lottery. But you did not win. )
(Today, we are thinking about it ):

If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a house.

In reality, I did not buy a house

I didn`t buy a house because I did not win the lottery.

The condition is imposible because it`s in the past. We can not change the past.
I use the third conditional to imagine a different past

IF CONDITION RESULT

If I had seen Jane, I would have invited her to the concert.

There is a comma after the condition.

RESULT IF CONDITION

I would have invited Jane to the concert if I had seen her.

We do not use a comma.
In reality, I did not see Jane therefore I did not invite her to the concert.
By using the third conditional, we are imagining a different past.

➢ Ellen didn`t read the instructions.

If she had read the instruction, she wouldn`t have made so many mistakes.
Si ella hubiera leído las instrucciones, ella no hubiera cometido tantos errores.
She wouldn`t have made so many mistakes if she had read the instructions.

➢ Joe stole a car.

If he hadn`t stolen a car, he wouldn`t have been in jail for 2 years.
Si èl no hubiera robado un carro, èl no hubiera estado en la cárcel por 2 años.

5
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

He wouldn`t have been in jail for 2 years if he hadn`t stolen a car.

➢ I had a fever.
If I hadn`t had a fever, I would have gone to school.
Si no hubiera tenido fiebre, hubiera ido al colegio.

EXERCISES

1. If I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world.
Si hubiera ganado la lotería, habría viajado por todo el mundo.
I would have traveled around the world If I had won the lottery.

2. If I had seen him, I would have told him about you.

Si lo hubiera visto, le habría hablado de ti.
I would have told him about you If I had see him.

3. If I had Known the answer, I would have raised my hand.

Si hubiera sabido la respuesta, habría levantado la mano.
I would have raised my hand If I had known the answer.

4. If she had come on Saturday, I would have seen her.

Si hubiera venido el sábado, la habría visto.
I would have seen her If she had come on Saturday.

5. If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time.

Si se hubieran ido antes, habrían llegado a tiempo.
They would have arrived on time If they had left earlier.

6. If we studied harder, we might have passed the test.

Si estudiáramos más duro, podríamos haber pasado la prueba.
We might have passed the test If we studied harder.

7. If you had gone to Brazil, You would have had lots of fun.
Si hubieras ido a Brasil, te habrías divertido mucho.
You would have bad lots of fun If you had gone to Brazil.

8. If I hadn`t been so busy, I could have helped you.

Si no hubiera estado tan ocupada, podría haberte ayudado.

6
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

I could have helped you If I hadn’t been so busy.

9. If you had phoned me, I would have known you were her.
Si me hubiera llamado por teléfono, habría sabido que era ella.
I would have knowen you were her If you had phoned me.

10. If they had invited us, we would have accepted at once.

Si nos hubieran invitado, habríamos aceptado de inmediato.
We would have accepted at once If they had invite us.

11. If she has explained me the problem, I would have understood it.
Si ella me hubiera explicado el problema, lo habría entendido.
I would have understood it If she has explained me the problem.

12. If I hadn`t forgotten his number, I would have phoned him.

Si no hubiera olvidado su número, lo habría telefoneado.
I would a ver phoned him If I hadn’t forgotten his number.

13. If hadn`t rained, we would have gone fishing.

Si no hubiera llovido, habríamos ido a pescar.
We would have gone fishing If hadn’t rained.

14. If my sister had been here, she would have enjoyed this.
Si mi hermana hubiera estado aquí, lo habría disfrutado.
She would have enjoyed this If my sister had been here.

15. If they hadn`t drunk so much last night, they wouldn`t have felt sick today.
Si no hubieran bebido tanto anoche, hoy no se habrían sentido enfermos.
They wouldn’t have felt sick today If theya hadn’t drunk so much last night.

16. If he had worked more, he could have saved more money.

Si hubiera trabajado más, podría haber ahorrado más dinero.
He could have saber more money If he had worked more.l

7
 Dra. Elia Clorinda Andrade Girón

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Clive Oxenden and Christina Latham- Koening (1997) American English

File. 1A, 1B
2. 5 English teacher`s book (2012) Santillana.
3. Schoenberg, Irene E. (2006, 2000, 1994) Focus on grammar And Integrated
Skills Approach 3rd ed by Pearson Education, Inc.
4. Virginia Evans – Neil O`Sullivan (2001) Click on 2, 3 by Express
Publishing.
5. Raymond Murphy (1996) Basic Grammar in Use New York.
6. Elementary grammar worksheets.
7. http://www.shertonenglish.com/resources/es/conditionals/type3.php