Conditional Sentences

“If grandma had wheels she’d be a bicycle.”

 Conditional sentences
•Conditional Sentences are also known as
Conditional Clauses or If Clauses.
•They are used to express that the action in the
main clause (without if) can only take place if a
certain condition (in the clause with if) is
fulfilled.
 Conditional Sentences
•There are two kinds of conditional sentences:
real and unreal.
•Real Conditional describes real-life situations.
•Unreal Conditional describes unreal, imaginary
situations.
•However there are three types of
Conditional Sentences.
What do these sentences tell us about reality?
•If you work hard, you’ll succeed.

•If you worked hard, you would succeed.

•If you had worked hard, you would have

succeeded.
1st Conditional
A touch of reality…
If-clause Main clause
Present simple will

If I see him, I will give him the book.

If I don’t see him, I will phone him in the

evening.

The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO

NOT use a comma.
I will phone him in the evening if I don’t see him.
 Use of Conditional type 1
•Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future.

•An action in the future will only happen if a certain

condition is fulfilled by that time.

•We don't know for sure whether the condition actually

will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems
rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen
1.
Finish the following
If I go away on holiday this year…
sentences…
2. If I lose all my money…
3. If we get too much homework…
4. If my friend gets into trouble..
5. If we finish early today…
6. I’ll eat my hat if…
7. This school will have to close if…
8. We will all be very happy if…
9. I will be rather disappointed if…
10. Will you help me if…
UNLESS
 UNLESS
• Unless = If … not

•If you don’t run, you’ll miss the bus.

•Unless you run, you’ll miss the bus.

2nd Conditional
There’s still hope…
If-clause Main clause
Past simple would

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.

If I had a car, I wouldn’t walk to school.

The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO

NOT use a comma.
I would read more if I didn’t watch so much TV.
 Use of Conditional type 2
• Conditional Type 2 is an unreal conditional.

•The Unreal Conditional is used to talk about

improbable conditions or impossible situations.
 Please take a look at the example carefully…
•Conditional sentence •If John had money, he
would buy a Ferrari.
•True Fact 1 •John doesn’t have money,
He will not buy a Ferrari
•True Fact 2 •John buys an ordinary car.
 Please take a look at the example carefully…
•Conditional sentence •If I found her address, I
would send her an invitation.
•True Fact 1 • I don’t find her address, I
will not send her an
invitation
•True Fact 2 •It’s difficult to find her
address
 Were instead of was
•In Conditional Sentence Type II, we usually
use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she
or it –.
•We don’t use was in Conditional Sentence
Type II
If I were you, I would tell her.
 Finish the following sentences…
1. If people had eyes in the backs of their heads…
2. If cars didn’t exist..
3. I would not tell him…
4. If I were rich…
5. If my best friend won the lottery…
6. We would kill a dog…
7. If we couldn’t speak English…
8. We wouldn’t go to Paris…
9. I would give you all my clothes…
10. If schools didn’t exist…
The 3rd (unreal) Conditional
The land of regrets…
If-clause Main clause
Past Perfect would have + past participle

If I had seen you, I would have said hello.

If you had told me the truth, I would have forgiven you.

The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO

NOT use a comma.
I would have forgiven you if you had told me the truth.
 Use of Conditional type 3
• Conditional Type 3 is an unreal past
conditional.

•The Unreal Conditional is used to speculate

about imaginary situations or to regret past
events.
 What have you not done?
•went to bed early last night?
• dyed your hair pink?
• travelled to Africa?
• joined the army?
 Say…
•4 things you haven’t done (that you wish
you had)

• 4 things you’ve done (that you wish you

hadn’t)
Conditional Sentences
Exercises
Student’s Book
 Page 73 – exercise 1
a) If she goes by plane, she will arrive
early.
b) If he was/were a respectful person, he
wouldn’t behave like that.
c) If she travels by car, the journey will
last for…
 Page 73 – exercise 1
d) If he pays for anything...
e) If they met in L.A., she would visit...
f) Hurry up if you want to catch the train.
 Page 73 – Exercise 2
a) … she wouldn’t know her mark.
b) … she would do something about it.
c) … she would find a good job.
d) … he would accept it.
e) … she will win.
f) … would go out more.
 Page 73 – Exercise 2
g) … someone will talk to her.
h) … you’d be careful about the information you
gave.
i) … you won’t trust him/her ever again.
j) … they would learn more.
k) … her pen pal, she would be very happy.
l) … they would visit him / her.
 Page 73 – exercise 3
a) Unless she trains hard, she won’t succeed.
b) Unless she phones to say she has changed
the plans, he will be….
c) Unless he persuades her, she won’t…
d) Unless you play fewer computer games, you
won’t have…
 Page 83 – exercise 5 - 1
a) If you go to this college, you will learn
a lot…
b) If they paid in advance, they would have
a bonus.
c) If she takes part in this exchange
project, she will meet new people.
 Page 83 – exercise 5 - 1
d) If they facilitated the task, they would
avoid problems.
e) If he programmes the activities, there
will be time for everything.
f) If teachers accompany the students, ...
 Page 83 – exercise 5 - 2
a) … you will get there earlier.
b) … they would learn faster.
c) … someone will find out.
d) … you will ask for help.
e) … would be able to speak it.
f) … she will have to postpone the test.
 Page 154 – exercise 1
a) If Jimmy hadn’t watched so much TV, …
b) … if he had spent his time…
c) … I wouldn’t have missed my favourite…
d) If you had told her in advance…
e) If the bus drivers hadn’t gone on …
f) … you wouldn’t have got fat.
 Page 154 – exercise 2
a) If my teacher hadn’t given me a lot of
homework, I would have gone to the
football match with my father.
b) I would have bought that T-shirt if I
hadn’t spent all my money on DVDs.
 Page 154 – exercise 2
c) We would have moved last Summer if I
had not been tired.
d) If I hadn’t felt ill during the exam, I
would have finished it.
e) She wouldn’t have damaged the DVD
player if she had read the instructions.
Conditional Sentences
Exercises
Workbook
 Page 21 – exercise L (1)
a) … you won’t have money to buy a …
b) … they would be surprised.
c) If she reads this tale,…
d) If you catch the wrong bus, …
e) If he touches that plate, …
 Page 21 – exercise L (1)
f) … they will have a comfortable journey.
g) … I would buy a bigger flat.
h) … it will take us about …
i) … the plane would land at London
Airport.
 Page 21 – exercise L (2)
a) … you would improve your English.
b) … they will spend a lot of money.
c) … she will have an individual room.
d) … they would get to know their habits.
e) … someone will help whenever you need it.
f) … you won’t have any money left!
 Page 21 – exercise M (1)
a) … you hurry up.
b) … they get a subsidy.
c) Unless she arrives now, I’ll …
d) … it snows.
e) … my father had helped me.
f) … unless you go with me.
 Page 47 – exercise D (1)
a) … we would have visited the island.
b) … she would have moved to New Jersey.
c) … he would have caused an accident.
d) … she would have escaped.
e) … he wouldn’t have been in trouble.
f) … he would have become upset.
 Page 47 – exercise D (2)
a) …she wouldn’t have heard the verdict.
b) … they would have got better places.
c) … he wouldn’t have lost the keys.
d) … she would have been chosen.
e) … I would have helped you.
Conditional sentences
Worksheet no. 1
 Exercise A
1. If you had studied (study) for the test, you would
have passed (pass) it.
2. If you had asked (ask) me, I would have helped
(help) you.
3. If we had gone (go) to the cinema, we would have seen
(see) my friend Jacob.
4. If you had spoken (speak) English, she would have
understood (understand).
5. If they had listened (listen) to me, we would have
been (be) home earlier.
 Exercise A
6. I would have written (write) you a postcard if I had
had (have) your address.
7. If I hadn’t broken (not / break) my leg, I would have
taken (take part) in the contest.
8. If it hadn’t started (not/ start) to rain, we would
have walked (walk) to the museum.
9. We would have swum (swim) in the sea if there hadn’t
been (not / be) so many sharks there.
10. If she hadn’t taken (not take) the bus, she wouldn’t
have arrived (not / arrive) on time.
 Exercise B
1. If he had dropped the vase, it would have broken. III
2. If you have to do the washing up, I will help you. I
3. If I had a hammer, I'd hammer in the morning ... (song) II
4. I wouldn't run away if I saw a spider. II
5. We'd have given you a lift if you hadn't had your bike with
you. III
6. If you had listened to me, the accident wouldn't have
happened. III
7. If we don't get tickets for the concert, we'll stay at home. I
8. They'd go by bus if they didn't have a car. II
9. She'll hear us if you don't stop laughing. I
10. He wouldn't have taken the bread if he hadn't been hungry. III
 Exercise C
1. If I were (be) stronger, I'd help you carry the
piano. II
2. If we'd seen you, we would have stopped (stop). III
3. If we meet (meet) him tomorrow, we'll say hello. I
4. He would have repaired the car himself if he had
had(have) the tools. III
5. If you drop the vase, it will break (break). I
 Exercise C
6. She would have come to the party if she had not been
(not be) on holiday. III
7. I wouldn't go to school by bus if I had (have) a driving
license. II
8. If she didn’t see (not see) him every day, she'd be
lovesick. II
9. I won’t travel (not travel) to London if I don't get a
cheap flight. I
10. We'd be stupid if we told (tell) him about our secret. II
 Exercise D
1. My grandfather can’t see unless he wears
glasses.
2. You are not a responsible citizen unless you
pay taxes regularly.
3. John gets very angry if Annie comes home
late in the evening.
4. I wouldn’t have believed if I had not seen
myself.
Conditional sentences
Worksheet no. 2
 Exercise A
1. If you buy a new robot, you’ll see its
advantages.
2. If many companies don’t use on-line marketing,
it won’t touch a wide range of consumers.
OR
If many companies didn’t use on-line
marketing, it wouldn’t touch a wide range of
consumers.
 Exercise A
3. If telemedicine didn’t treat many patients
sucessfully, it wouldn’t be urgent to
introduce it widely.
4. If most technological advances didn’t
carry along some bad effects, some
citizens wouldn’t be against them.
 Exercise A
5. If men hadn’t many machines at their
disposal, they wouldn’t have time to enjoy
life.
6. If a large number of entrepreneurs weren’t
introducing automation in their factories,
productivity wouldn’t be heightening too.
 Exercise A
7. If robots didn’t do several heavy dirty
tasks, they wouldn’t be appreciated by
modern entrepreneurs.
8. If workers don’t learn how to work with
cutting-edge technology, they will be
made redundant.
 Exercise B
1. … people would have written letters to
communicate.
2. … would spend more money on salaries.
3. …didn’t buy new and better machines.
4. …if money weren’t spent on research.
5. …someone hadn’t invented them!
6. …my students wouldn’t bring them to class…
 Exercise B
7. …men will come back to factories!
8. …we wouldn’t have the phone.
9. …men prove to be better than machines.
10. …we stop wanting everything in a cell phone.
11. …I wouldn’t be able to chat with my friends.
12. …we won’t have to worry about our health.
 Exercise B
13. … we wouldn’t need anything else.
14. …they would spend a lot of money in phone
calls.
15. …they didn’t improve our quality of life.
16. …robots hadn’t been invented.
17. …we would still carry our walkman.
18. …if the net didn’t exist.