LORD IMMANUEL INSTITUTE FOUNDATION, INC.

(Formerly: Lobo International Institute Foundation, Inc.)

Jose Rizal St., Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas
www.lordimmanuel.com
(043) 403 – 3476 /0977-805-7959
“I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.” – Philippians 4:13
Subject: ENGLISH Quarter 1
Grade: 8 Weeks 5-6

A. LEARNING COMPETENCIES – The learners are able to use modals verbs, nouns and adverbs appropriately
and they are expected to:
 Identify modal verbs, nouns and adverbs used in sentences;
 Construct sentences using appropriate modal verbs, nouns and adverbs;
 Address different societal problems by writing ideas using different modals; and
 Express appreciation of Afro-Asian cultures reflected in the story using modals.

B. TOPIC – Modal Verbs, Modal Nouns and Modal Adverbs

Let‟s review this!

Read each of the following situations.

1. A learner can get information from various websites and acknowledge the author by writing the sources used.
2. A learner may cite sources of information that he/she used in his/her research.
3. A research paper requisitely contains a bibliography written on a separate page and placed at the end part of the
paper.
4. It is important to cite the sources of information that you send in your research because it will give credit to the
author.
5. In writing a bibliography, it is a necessity to use appropriate punctuations.

So, if you noticed there are underlined words used in each sentence and they are called modals or modal expressions.
 can
 may
 requisitely
 will
 necessity

To give you an overview of the three modals: modal verbs, modal nouns and modal adverbs, I have placed their
meanings and definitions.

MODAL VERBS

1. Modal verbs – are auxiliary or helping verbs which modify or change the meaning of the main verbs. You use
modal verbs in giving advice or suggestions, in making requests, or in giving predictions and prohibitions.

Examine the two sentences and think if they have the same or different meanings:
a. Sam is too young to drive a car.
b. Sam might be too young to drive a car.
 The first sentence states a fact that Sam is too young to drive a car.
 The second sentence expresses the possibility that Sam could not drive the car because of his age.
 The presence of the word “might” is an example of a modal expression that functions as a verb.

Aside from might, there are other commonly used modal expressions that function as a verb like may, can,
could, shall, should, will and would.

USE MODAL SAMPLE SENTENCE

really certain will, shall, must, won‟t/will not, Jahna‟s debut party will be planned
shan‟t/shall not, can‟t/cannot secretly.
very likely should, ought to The traffic is not heavy. We should be
there before the time.
possibility may, might, could It may rain today.
strong obligation must, have to, need to The plan must be accomplished
without her knowing it.
weak obligation should, ought to I should see a dentist. I have bad
breath even though I brush my teeth
regularly.
 no obligation needn‟t/need not, don‟t need to/do not I need not to brush my teeth now. I
need to, don‟t have to/do not have to will just do it later.
permission can, may, could, might May I borrow your pen?
no permission can‟t/cannot, may not, must not You cannot go out without a
quarantine pass.
offer will, shall I will bring your things here.
request will, would, could Will you open the windows?
promise will I will comeback after the sunset.
decision will I will eat now.
advice and suggestion shall, should, shouldn‟t/should not You should wear appropriate attire for
your job interview.
ability can, could The students can sing harmoniously.
general truth can, may We can avoid the COVID-19 by
following health protocols.

MODAL NOUNS
2. Modal nouns – also express the quality or state in some manner other than as a simple fact.

Read and study the sentences below.

A. If Carl campaigns hard, his win is a certainty.

o „Certainty‟ is a quality or state of being certain or sure.
o It expresses that Carl‟s win is for sure.

B. Carl‟s friends expressed their willingness to help Carl in his campaign.

o „Willingness‟ is a quality or state of being ready to do something.
o It expresses that Carl‟s friends are ready to help him.

C. There is likelihood that the students will vote for Carl.

o „Likelihood‟ is a quality or state of something having the chance to happen.
o It expresses that there is a chance that the students will vote for Carl.

Read the table below that shows more examples of modal nouns, their meanings, and sample sentences.

MODAL NOUN MEANING SAMPLE SENTENCE

possibility the condition or fact of being possible There is a possibility of rain tomorrow.
obligation a condition or feeling of being Students have an obligation to study
obligated or required hard.
necessity the quality or state of being in need Nowadays, mobile phones are
considered a necessity.
ability the quality or state of being able I have a friend who has the ability to
read minds.
permission the right or ability to do something My brother is given permission to
given by someone who has the power play.
to allow or disallow
request the condition or state of being The sick lady sent a request for
requested or sought after medical assistance.
promise a declaration to do or refrain from It is important that when we make a
doing something promise, we keep it.
chance the condition or fact of a particular If Tony works hard, he has a big
outcome in an uncertain situation chance of succeeding.
requirement a condition that something is needed During the pandemic, quarantine pass
or must be done is a requirement if one will go to the
grocery store.
responsibility the quality or state of being It is the parents‟ responsibility to
responsible provide for their children.
capacity the quality or state of being able to do I believe my teacher has the capacity
something. to teach us online.

 These modal nouns are used to express modality. Just like the modal verbs, modal nouns also express the quality
or state in some manner other than as a simple fact.
 MODAL ADVERBS

3. Modal adverbs - describe or give information about adverbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

Read and study the following sentences.

a) My mother is possibly given the permission to sell vegetables in the market.

b) My friend has the ability to lift objects twice her weight. She certainly would win in a weightlifting contest.
c) Surely, this generation considers mobile phones as a necessity.
d) Arrah decidedly write the list of the school‟s requirement to apply for a scholarship.

So if you notice the underlined words, they are called modal adverbs.

In the previous lesson, you learned about modal verbs and modal nouns. This time, you will learn about modal
adverbs.

Read and study the sentences below.

a. If Carl campaigns hard, he shall surely win.

b. Carl‟s friends are willingly happy to help him in his campaign.
c. The students will likely vote for Carl.

The underlined words end in –ly just because they are adverbs. These adverbs show modality that‟s why it called modal
adverbs. Now these modal adverbs describe or give more meaning or info to verbs and adjectives

 In letter a, the word surely describes the verb win

 In letter b, the word willingly describes the adjective happy.
 And in letter c the modal likely describes the word vote, so it gives information about the word vote.

MODAL ADVERB USE SAMPLE SENTENCE

possibly used to state that something is possible My mother is possibly coming home
to happen. today.
certainly in a manner that is sure or without a I am certainly joyful that my family is
doubt always with me.
obligately in an obligate or necessary manner My father is obligately proud to work
hard for our family.
necessarily used to state that something is Lolo said that a person‟s success does
necessary or needed not necessarily reflect one‟s
personality towards other people.
ably in a skillful or competent manner Tonton dances ably during the party.
requisitely used to state something that is I have to requisitely answer my
essential or important for a particular homework.
purpose
promisingly in a promising manner The concert started promisingly but it
did not maintain the interest of its
audience.
decidedly in a manner that is free from doubt My sister is decidedly supportive of
my hobby.
responsibly in a responsible manner The police responsibly helped the old
man cross the road.
permissively used to state something that is granted I played permissively with my friends.
or given permission

What have you observed with the form of modal adverbs?

Noticeably, most modal adverbs have equivalent modal noun forms. Some of the examples are possibly and
possibility, necessarily and necessity, certainly and certainty, etc.

Are they similar to modal verbs and modal nouns? If yes, how are they similar? If not, how are they different?

 In the given sample sentences, the underlined words are the modal adverbs and the italicized words are the words
they describe. Most of the modal adverbs describe how something is done and how someone feels about
something.
  They are similar to modal verbs and modal nouns because they express modality. However, they differ in form
and the way they are used in sentences. Nodal verbs are used to add information to the main verb. On the other
hand, modal nouns name a quality, state, or condition that state modality while modal adverbs describe or give
more meaning or information to verbs and adjectives.

Let’s have this!

 If a verb, adjective, or other adverb is being described, use an adverb.

 If a noun or pronoun is being described, use an adjective.

The following examples are taken from The Book of Psalms in the Bible.

The underlined words are used correctly as adjectives or as adverbs.

They are thinking about ways to follow Him more closely. -Psalms 1:1

Follow, in the above example, is an action verb.

The adverb closely tells more about the action verb.
INCORRECT: Follow him close.
Then I lay down and slept in peace and woke up safely, for the Lord was watching over me. -
Psalms 3:5
(In this sentence, woke up is an action verb phrase. The adverb safely tells more about the action. Also, note that
"lay" (reclined) is the past tense of "lie.")
I will lie down in peace and sleep, for though I am alone, Oh Lord, you will keep me safe. -
Psalms 4:8
(In this sentence, "keep" is a linking verb: to continue in a specified state, condition, or position. So, the
adjective safe correctly follows it. Also, note that "lie" (to recline) is in the present tense. It's incorrect to say, "I will lay
down....")
Like lions they [the wicked] crouch silently, waiting to pounce upon the poor. - Psalms 10:9
(In this sentence, the action verb crouch is followed by the adverb silently.)
Surely you will hear their cries and comfort their hearts by helping them. - Psalms 10:17
(Will hear is an action verb phrase preceded by the adverb surely. The verb-hear is always used actively.)
I will sing to the Lord because he has blessed me so richly. - Psalms 13:6
(Has blessed is an action verb phrase. The adverb richly describes the way the speaker was blessed.)
Here are some common verbs that can either show action or a state of being:

look, feel, appear, remain, turn, taste, grow, continue.

When using these, ask yourself, does the verb reflect an action.
If it does, use an adverb to tell more about the action.
If the word describes what someone or something is, then use an adjective.

For example, "This cereal tastes ______ than the other brands."

Which is correct? differently OR different.

Different, an adjective, is correct in the space above; tastes is a state of being verb in this sentence (The
cereal is not performing the action-taste).

Reference:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0m1kE3UgD6c

Prepared by:

Ms. Jinky Mendoza

0951-313-1206
FB Acc: Jinky Claveria Mendoza
Gmail Acc: jinkymendoza55@gmail.com
 ACTIVITIES

GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
1. You will write your answers on one whole sheet of paper.
2. Read the directions carefully before answering for better results.

A. Directions: Underline the complete verb phrase in each of the sentences and enclose the modal in
parentheses. Write the use of the modal in the sentence in one whole sheet of paper. Choose from the list that
follows. Number 1 is done for you.

to express ability to express necessity

to ask permission to express obligation

1. One (should) understand the operation of fireworks. to express necessity

2. May I examine the contents of this Roman candle?
3. A chemist can explain the secret of its multi-colored fire.
4. A chemist would analyze the elements in its shaft.
5. You could recognize calcium by its red flame.
6. Sodium must be burned to make a deep yellow.
7. The presence of copper ought to create green and blue.
8. You may have wondered about the bright white sparks of fireworks.
9. You might have recognized iron fillings heated to incandescence.
10. To give the light desired, each ball must contain the proper element.

B. Directions: Identify the verb in each sentence. Underline the modal verbs once and the action verbs
twice.
Example: I could find out my test score next week.
Answer: I could find out my test score next week.

1. He shall bring the food very soon.

2. We can definitely win the championship game.
3. We ran for the hills.
4. You should stop smoking because it is bad for you.
5. May I sit now?
6. I jumped towards the basketball hoop to get the rebound.
7. I must go now.
8. I threw the Frisbee about fifteen feet.
9. I ought to tell the truth to the teacher.
10. Could you pass to me the ketchup?

C. Directions: Complete each sentence below with a modal verb from the word bank below.

should can couldn‟t

will must

1. You _________ tell me the truth for your own good.

2. I _________ find my shoes anywhere.
3. We ________ arrive on time or else we will be in trouble.
4. He ________ shoot the basketball at the rim.
5. ________ you let me know the time?
D. Use each word to write a sentence showing how it can be used.

Certainly possibly probably

Clearly Obviously

Example: He is definitely coming to the party.

Maybe I‟ll win the game this week.