Saint Michael College, Cantilan, Incorporated

Cantilan, Surigao del Sur

APPLICATION

1. Freud used the case study method to gather the data he used to formulate his theories. Among the many
case studies, five really stood out as bases of his concepts and ideas. Do further reading of these case
studies and write a reaction paper on one of these case studies focusing on how he explained the
personality development of the individuals in the case studies.

The hysteria and treatment of Anna O is one of the case studies most closely associated with the
Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. Her case was first discussed in Studies on Hysteria (Freud and
Breuer, 1895), a joint work published in 1895 by Freud and his friend, Josef Breuer, a fellow Austrian
physician. Although Anna O is closely associated with Freud, it is believed that he never actually treated
her - it was, in fact, Breuer who saw the patient. Her influence only impacted on Freud’s work later when
Breuer relayed her case to him.

Upon reading the said case study, trauma is something that I believe we all experience, either
personally and/or family or friend. I feel that it is important that an individual needs to take care of
themselves. If this does not occur, then the individual will suffer on physical and mental standpoint. For me
personally, I have experienced trauma in many different aspects. At the age of 3 or 4, I always wake up in the
morning seeing my mother’s body full of bruises. This was done by my father who is a drunkard. They used
to fight every night or even a day. Then, I found myself in my auntie’s house, the eldest sister of my father, do
crying, and can’t properly breathe. My aunt was my protector during those times. I think this is also the
reason why I never ever called my father “papa”. I started calling him papa at the age of I think 18 because
this is also requested by my mother. She said that my father always crying because of me. And that was my
father’s wish for his birthday. With that trauma I got, I am afraid to be with boys even in my high school
days. I don’t want to be with them, this is why I got bullied also. I am afraid because my thinking is that they
might hurt me in some way. Almost every day, I looked at them like my father. I could say that I am a
survivor of that traumatic experience. I managed to cope with it because I need to. As I reached my
adulthood, I kept on pushing myself to move on, I kept on calming myself. I need to open myself in the real
scenario brought by having an alcoholic parent.

If you’re an adult child of an alcoholic, you might describe your childhood as traumatic. Many such
people do. But many don’t realize that their alcoholic parent’s behavior can continue to affect them as they
grow into adulthood. In fact, that trauma can stick with you throughout your entire adult life. It’s not
unusual for the child of an alcoholic parent to feel the impact of growing in an alcoholic home. And, it’s not
at all an overstatement to label these effects as trauma. Parents are supposed to make their children feel
safe, protected and secure. But when a parent is an alcoholic, life can be chaotic and feels anything but
secure. Having an alcoholic parent can be a source of shame and embarrassment for a child. Because of
this, children of alcoholics often become secretive. This is very true. They may try to prevent friends from
visiting their home or meeting their parent. And, they’re likely to feel guilty about being ashamed.

Some children of alcoholic parents take on an additional burden. They start to believe that it’s their
responsibility to “fix” their parent. They think that if they can behave—be a model child—and do
everything right, they can make everything right. Of course, this is impossible. Addiction isn’t the child’s
fault, and they don’t have the power to fix it. But, they see their inability to do so as a failure, and this can
add to their feelings of guilt and shame. Children who turn to this kind of perfectionism as a coping
mechanism often remain perfectionists in adulthood.
 Saint Michael College, Cantilan, Incorporated
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur

RESEARCH CONNECTION

Problem Research Methodology

Roald Dahl: A psychosexual developmental trajectory study

illustrated within psychobiography
November 2015
The American Journal of Psychology 25(5):403-413
DOI:10.1080/14330237.2015.1101262

Findings
Conclusions
 Saint Michael College, Cantilan, Incorporated
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur

How are the findings of this research useful to teachers?

Findings of this research is useful to teachers in the sense that it helps them understand how issues
in childhood development can affect adult lives. Ultimately, it's a way also to help parents become more
conscious of the way they raise their children, along with giving insight as to how and why they act the
way they do.

REFLECTION

From the Module on Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory, I learned that the thoughts and the motivation
we have around us are such factors that affect the way we act, as well as the way we do things. According
to Freud, the main drives or motivators of an individual’s personality are related to the sexual and
aggressiveness. The theory further explains that the problems experienced during a person’s adult life are
as a direct result of the conflicts during their childhood experiences.
As a result, the theory breaks down the process of childhood growth according to the psychosexual
motivators as a child develops. These stages of growth seek to show that at various stages during growth,
a person (child) has various motivators that shape their behavior, and keep changing as they move to the
next stage of psychosexual growth. Any faulty growth or unsuccessful/unhealthy passage of any of the
stages is said to result in the adult life conflicts, which eventually determines a person’s personality.
 Saint Michael College, Cantilan, Incorporated
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS

Module 5: Developmental Theories and Other Relevant Theories

JEZAH BHILLE L. GRUYAL

Name: _____________________________________________________________________Score: ___________________

ABSTRACTION/GENERALIZATION

Erogenous Zone: The erogenous zone is the mouth.

Description of the Stage: The child is focused on oral sucking.
Fixation: These persons may become too dependent on others, easily
fooled, and lack of leadership traits.
Oral Stage

Erogenous Zone: The child’s focus of pleasure in this stage is the anus.
Description of the Stage: The child finds satisfaction in eliminating and
Erogenous retaining feces.
zone. A Fixation: Fixation during this stage can result in being anal retentive,
Anal Stage an obsession with cleanliness, perfection, and control; or anal
specific area
that becomes expulsive were the person may become messy and disorganized.
the focus of
pleasure Erogenous Zone: The pleasure or erogenous zone is the genitals.
needs. This Description of the Stage: During the preschool age, children become
may be the interested in what makes boys and girls different.
mouth anus Fixation: This stage can result in sexual deviances (both overindulging
Phallic Stage
and the and avoidance) and weak and confused sexual identity according to
genitals. psychoanalysis.

Erogenous Zone: Sexual feelings are interactive/Little or no sexual

Fixation. motivation present.
Results from Description of the Stage: During this stage, the sexual urges remain
failure to repressed. The children’s focus is the acquisition of physical and
satisfy the Latency Stage academic skills.
needs of a Fixation: Boys usually relate more with boys and girls with girls during
this stage.
particular
psychosexual
stage. Erogenous Zone: Maturing sexual interests.
Description of the Stage: This stage of psychosexual development
begins at the start of puberty when sexual urges are once again
awakened.
Genital Stage
Fixation: As a result, adolescents focus their sexual urges towards the
opposite sex peers, with the pleasure. Teens are able to balance their
most basic urges against the need to conform to the demands of
reality and social norms.