Concept of Surface :

Open Surface :

Closed Surface : “Volume bounded by closed surfaces”

Note : “If a surface is closed it bounds a volume”
Divergence Theorem :
If ‘S’ is closed surface enclosing a volume ‘V’ and F ( x, y, z ) be a differentiable
vector point function defined over ‘S’.

F ( x, y, z )  Fxiˆ  Fy ˆj  Fz kˆ

 F  ds   F  nˆ ds     F dV
S S V
Problem Solving Technique :

(i)  S
F  ds  Open surface integral

 ds  ds nˆ

(ii)  F  ds
S
  F  ds   F  ds 
S1 S2
Imp Points : F  Fxiˆ  Fy ˆj  Fz kˆ

F  ds  Fx dy dz  Fy dx dz  Fz dx dy
Ques 1 : The value of  F  nˆ ds where F  4 xziˆ  y 2 ˆj  yzkˆ and S is the surface of the
C

cube bounded by 0  x, y, z  1
Ques 2 : 
S
F  ˆ
n ds where F  (2 x 2
 3 z )iˆ  2 xyjˆ  4 xkˆ where s is the surface enclosing

the volume bounded by plane x  0, y  0, z  0, 2 x  2 y  z  4

Ques 4:  r  nˆ ds where r  xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ and S is closed surface enclosing volume “V”.
S
Ques 5 :  ( x dy dz  y dx dz  z dx dy )
S
where S is the surface.

(i) enclosing volume V.

(ii) S is the surface of cylinder x2 + z2 = 16 and y = 0 to y = 3.
(iii) S is the surface of sphere x2 + y2 + z2 = 9.
 ˆ  2 y 2 ˆj  z 2 kˆ
Ques 6 : 
S
F  ds where F  4 xi

Taken over the region bounded by x2 + y2 = 4 and z = 0 to z = 3.

Ques 7 :  ( x  z )dy dz  ( y  z )dz dx  ( x  y )dx dy
S

S is the surface of sphere enclosing volume x2 + y2 + z2 = a2.

Ques 8 : F  4 x 2 ziˆ  ( yz  7) ˆj  xy 2 zkˆ  (  F )  nˆ ds
S is the surface bounded by y2 + z2 = 25 and x = 0 to x = 2.
Ques 9 :  ( gard )  nˆ ds
S
where S is a surface enclosing a volume V.

  x2  y 2  2z 2
Conclusion :

 
L S

# Close line bounds a surface

 
S V

# Close surface enclose a volume

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