II iap-th¬

320
 321

II iap-th¬
BapJw
“Cu ]pkvXI- Ø- nse {it≤-b\ - mb hy‡n ZmhoZv cmPm-hmWv; shfn-®Ø - n¬ \S-°p-
tºmƒ, cmPm-hmb ain-lm-bpsS D÷z-e-amb Hcp {]Xn-cq-]-amWv Xm≥. Xs‚
hnizmkPohn-X-Øn¬ A\p-bm{X sNbvX hnP-b-ßfpw kwL-´-\-ß-fp-amWv Cu
]pkvXI
- Ø
- ns‚ BZy-`m-KØv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- .v hnizmk am¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw
kar≤n Xs∂ ]m]-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ kz¥ taml-߃°mbn
hmXn¬ Xpd∂psImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXt- ∏mƒ Xm≥ A\p-`h - n® ]cm-Pb
- ß
- ƒ c≠mw
`mKØv hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ”
tPm¿÷v hneywkv

Bap-J-Øn-\p-th≠n I iap-th¬ t\m°pI

Df-f-S°w

I. Zmho-Zns‚ i‡n-bn-te-°p-ff DZvKaw (A.1-˛10)

A. iuen-t\bpw tbm\m-Ym-t\bpw Ipdn-®p-ff hnem]w (A.1)
B. blq-Z-bnse cmPm-hm-bp-ff A`n-tjIw (2:1˛7)
C. iuens‚ Krl-hp-am-bp-ff bp≤w (2:8˛4:12)
D. bn{km-tb-en\p samØw cmPm-hm-bp-ff A`n-tjIw (A.5)
E. s]´Iw sbcp-i-te-an-te°p sIm≠p-h∂p (A.6)
F. Zmho-Zp-am-bp-ff ssZh-Øns‚ DS-ºSn (A.7)
G. bn{km-tb-ens‚ i{Xp-°-fpsS ]cm-Pbw (A.8)
H. sa^o-t_m-ti-Øn-t\mSp ImWn® A\p-Iº (A.9)
I. IqSp-X¬ hnP-b-߃ (A.10)
II. Zmho-Zns‚ hogvN (A.11,12)
A. t_Xvti-_-tbmSpw Ducn-bm-hn-t\mSpw sNbvX AXn-{I-aw(-A.11)
B. btlm-h-tbm-Sp-ff G‰p ]d-®n¬ (A.12)
III. Zmho-Zns‚ t¢i-߃ (A.13-˛20)
A. A_vt\m-\m¬ Xma¿ _em¬kwKw sNø-s∏-Sp∂p (13:1˛19)
B. A_vt\m-t\m-Sp-ff A_vim-tem-ans‚ {]Xn-Imcw, A_vim-tem-ans‚ ]mem-b\w (13:20-˛39)
322

C. sbcp-i-te-an-te-°p-ff A_vi-tem-ans‚ aS-ßn-h-chv (A.14)

D. A_vim-tem-ans‚ cmPy hnπ-hhpw Zmho-Zns‚ HmSn-t∏m°pw (15:1˛18)
E. Zmho-Zns‚ kvt\ln-X-∑mcpw i{Xp-°fpw (15:19-˛16:14)
F. A_vi-tem-ans‚ \nb-tam-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m¿ (16:15-˛17:23)
G. A_vi-tem-ans‚ ac-Whpw Zmho-Zns‚ hnem-]hpw (17:24-˛19:8)
H. cmPy-{`-jvS-\m-°-s∏´ Zmho-Zns‚ aS-ßn-h-chv (19:9˛43)
I. ti_-bpsS FXn¿∏pw ac-Whpw (A.20)
IV. A\p-_‘w (A.21-˛24)
A. £mahpw AXns‚ Ah-km-\hpw (A.21)
B. Zmho-Zns‚ kvt{XmX k¶o¿Ø\w (A.22)
C. Zmho-Zns‚ hoc-∑m¿ (A.23)
D. Zmho-Zns‚ P\-kwJy KW-\hpw AXns‚ A\-¥c ^e-ßfpw (A.24)
 2 iap-th¬ 1,2
hymJym\w
I. Zmho-Zns‚ i‡n-bn-te-°p-ff DZvKaw
(A.1-˛10)
A. iuen-t\bpw tbm\m-Ym-t\bpw Ipdn-®p-ff
hnem]w (A.1)
1:1˛16 iuen\pw tbm\m-Ym\pw Xß-fpsS {]mW≥
\jvS-s∏´ bp≤-Øn¬ btlmh Zmho-Zns\ kq£n-®-sX-
{]-Im-ca- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v 1 iap. 29-˛mw A≤ym-bØ - n¬ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ kn¢mKv B{I-an®
Aam-te-Iy-cp-ambn bp≤w sNøp∂ Xnc-°n-em-bn-cp∂p
ZmhoZv (1 iap. 30). Ah≥ kn¢m-Kn-te°v aS-ßn-h-∂p.
B ktµi hml-I≥ Iodnb hkv{Xw [cn-®n-cp-∂p. Xe-
bn¬ ]qgn hmcn-bn-´n-cp-∂p. AXp hnem-]-Øns‚ AS-bm-
f-am-bn-cp-∂p. i{Xp-ssk\yw Xt∂m-S-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ, iu¬
apdn-th-‰-h-\mbn Ip¥-Øn¬ Nmcn \nev°p-∂-Xmbn Xm≥
I≠p-sh∂v Ah≥ ]d-™p. Ahs\ IpØn sIm√p-hm≥
Aam-te-Iy-\mb Xt∂mSp iu¬ ]d-™X - p-sIm≠v cmPm-
hns‚ At]£ {]Imcw Xm\Xp sNbvXp-sh∂pw Ah≥
]d-™p. iuens‚ ac-W-sØ-°p-dn®pff Cu hnh-cWw
1 iap 31-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
bp≤-Øn-emWv \S-∂-sX-∂p-f-fXv hy‡-am-Wv. F∂m¬
AhnsS iu¬ Bfl-lXy sNbvX-Xm-bmWv tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂X - v. Aam-te-Iy≥ ]d-™Xv I≈-am-bn-cp∂p
F∂-XmWv AXp-kw-_-‘n-®p-ff hfsc \ymb-amb
hymJym-\w. iuens‚ sIme-bm-fnsb ImWp-tºmƒ
ZmhoZv kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw Ah\p \ymb-amb {]Xn-^ew
\evIp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂mWv Ah≥ hnNm-cn-®X - v. F∂m¬
AXn\p ]I-cw, B Znhkw apgp-h≥ hfsc ZpxJ-tØmsS
hne-]n® Zmho-Zv, A∂p sshIp-t∂-cw, btlm-h-bpsS
A`n-jn-‡-s\- sIm∂ B Aam-te-Iys\ sIm∂p If-
bp-hm≥ B⁄m-]n-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.
bn{km-tb-ens‚ cqU-aqe i{Xp-°-fm-bn-cp∂p Aam-te-
Iy¿ (]p-d.17) Ah-cpsS taep-ff btlm-h-bpsS tIm]w
hn´p-ho-gvNb
- n-√msX iu¬ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm-Xn-cp-∂X- mWv
Xs‚ cmPXzw \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ff Hcp ImcWw (1 iap
15). ASpØ ImeØv kn¢mKv sIm≈-b-Sn-®-Xp-aqew Zmho-
Zo-\m¬ Nne Aam-te-Iy¿ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXp-
sIm≠v ]mf-bØ - n¬ h∂p Xm≥ iuens\ sIm∂p-sh∂p
{]Jym-]n® Aam-te-Iy\p {]Xn-^-e-Øn\p ]Icw hmƒ
e`n-®Xp AXn-i-b-I-c-am-bn-cn-°p∂p.
1:17,18 iuens‚ ac-W-Øn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-Xn\p
]Icw Ibvt∏msS Ic-™Xv Xo¿®-bmbpw Zmho-Zns‚
al-Xz-Øns‚ Hc-S-bm-f-am-bn-cp-∂p.
ZmhoZpw {InkvXphpw XΩn-ep-ff Hcp kmZriyw
H.thm¨ tK¿emIv ChnsS ImWp-∂p.
bmt_iv \nhm- k n- I - f psS hnem]w Hgn- ® m¬ (1
iap.31:11) ]ns∂ iuen-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Bg-amb
323
Hscm‰ hnem]w shfn-s∏-´-Xv, Ah≥ Bsc shdp-°p-I-
bpw, hfsc h¿j-°mew AXm-bXv Gsd-°psd Xs‚
ac-W-k-abw hsc D]-{Z-hn-°bpw sNbvXp-thm, B a\p-
jy-\n-em-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-bmWv sbcp-itew \nhm-
kn-Iƒ Xs∂ sIm√phm≥ `mhn-°p-tºmgpw AXns‚
]X\w I≠p Zmho-Zns‚ ]n≥Kman hne-]n-®-Xv.(1)
IqSmsX [\p¿§oXw F∂ t]cn¬ lrZb kv]r°mb
Hcp hnem] Km\hpw ZmhoZv cNn-®p. bn{km-tb-ense alm-
∑m-cmb Bfp-Isf Ipdn-®p-ff KoX-ß-fpsS Hcp kam-
lm-c-am-bn-cn°mw Cu iqc-∑m-cpsS ]pkvXIw. AYhm
[¿Ωn-jvScpsS ]pkvXIw (tbm-ip. 10:13 IqSn t\m°p-
I) Adn-bm-hp-∂n-St- Ømfw AXn-t∏mƒ \ne-hn-en-√, Xs∂-
bp-a√ AXv Xo¿®-bmbpw {]tNm-ZnX ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚
Hcp `mK-hp-a-√.
1:19-˛27 Zmho-Zns‚ DZvt_m-[I k¶o¿Ø\w iuen-
t‚-bpw, bn{km-tb-ens‚ `wKn-bm-bn-cp∂ tbm\m-Ym-
t‚bpw ac-W-Øn¬ hne-]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. s^en-kvXy¿
kt¥m-jn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\v B ]´-W-ß-fn¬ cmPm-hn-
t‚bpw Xs‚ ]p{X-∑m-cp-tSbpw acWw {]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ø-
cp-sX∂v cmtPm-Nn-Xa - mb B KoX-Øn¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-
∂p. iu¬ acn® Kn¬t_mh ]¿∆Xw hc≠pw Xcn-imbpw
InS- ° pw. iuens‚ ]cnN ssXem- ` n- t j- I - a n- √ msX
Fdn™p If-bs∏´Xv Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cp∂p (hm.21); F∂p
h®m¬ AXp-t]-£n-°-s∏-´p, bp≤-Øn-\mbn C\n Hcn-
°epw AXn¬ FÆ CSp-I-bn√ F∂¿∞w. iuen-
s‚bpw tbm\m-Ym-t‚bpw [oc-Xbv°pw Ah-cpsS hy‡n-
]-ca- mb tbmKy-Xb - v°p-ap-ff BZ-chpw \evIs∏´p (hm.22).
Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw Xß-fpsS Poh-Im-eØv Hcp-an-®m-bn-cp-
∂Xp t]mse ac-W-Ønepw th¿s]-´n√ (23) Ah-cpsS
\nXyX kw_-‘n-®p-ff ssZh-I¬∏nXw A¥¿`-hn-°p-
hm≥ Cu hmIy-Øn¬ kΩ¿±w sNep-Øp-hm≥ ]mSn-√.
iuens‚ `c-W-Øn¬ {]tbm-P\w kn≤n-®-hsc ChnsS
Ic-bp-hm-\mbn Blzm\w sNøp-I-bmWv (hm.24). Zmho-
Zns‚ D‰ kvt\ln-X-\m-bn-cp∂ tbm\m-Ym-s\ -Ip-dn®p-ff
kvt\l-am¿∂ Hcp {]iw-ktbmsS Cu KoXw Ah-km-
\n-°p-∂p. hoc-∑m¿ ]´p t]mb-sX-ßs\ (hm. 19,25,27)
F∂p-ff hncmaw \ΩpsS `mj-bpsS Hcp `mK-ambn
Xo¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
B. blq-Z-bnse cmPm-hm-bp-ff A`n-tjIw
(2:1˛7)
2:1˛7 iu¬ acn-®-Xp-sIm≠v bn{km-tb-en¬ cmPm-hn-
√m-Xmbn Xo¿∂ Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬, ZmhoZv \S-Øn-∏n-\mbn
btlm-h-bpsS apJw At\z-jn-°-bpw, blqZm ]´-W-ß-
fn-sem-∂mb slt{_m-\n-te°p t]mIp-hm≥ \n¿t±-in-°-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahn-sS-h®v blqZm ]pcp-j-∑m¿
Ahs\ Ah-cpsS cmPm-hmbn A`n-tjIw sNbvXp. Knse-
bm-Znse bmt_iv \nhmkn-Iƒ Zbm-]q¿∆w iuens\
324 2 iap-th¬ 2,3
AS°w sNbvX Imcyw Ah¿ Ahs\ Adn-bn-®-t∏mƒ,
Ah¿°v \µn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠p-ff Hcp ktµiw
ZmhoZv DS-\Sn Ab-®p; blqZm ]pcp-j-∑m¿ sNbvX-Xp-
t]mse Xs∂ cmPm-hmbn AwKo-Ic - n-°p-hm≥ Gsd-°psd
]tcm-£a - mbn Ahsc £Wn-°pI IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.
C. iuen-s‚ Krl-hp-am-bp-ff bp≤w (2:8˛4:12)
2:8˛11 bn{km-tb-ense F√m tKm{X-ßfpw Zmho-Zns\
cmPm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Xm¬]-cy-s∏-´n-√. acn-®p-
t]mb iuens‚ tk\m-[n-]-Xnbpw Xs‚ AΩm-h-\p-am-
bn-cp∂ A_vt\¿, iuens‚ ]p{X-∑m-cn¬ tijn®
Hcph\mb Cuiv_-tim-Øns\ Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn,
Ahs\ cmP-mhmbn {]Jym-]n-®p. Ggp-kw-h’ - c
- hpw Bdp-
am-k-hpw, slt{_m≥ Xe-ÿm-\-am°ns°m≠v, ZmhoZv
blqZm tKm{X- Ø n\v cmPm- h mbn hmWp. F∂m¬
tIhew c≠p-h¿jw am{Xta Cuiv_-tiØv a‰p ]Xn-
s\m∂p tKm{X-ßsf hmWp-f-fq. bn{km-tb-en¬ \n∂pw
s^en-kvXysc HmSn®v Cuiv_-ti-Øns\ Xs‚ ]nXm-
hns‚ knwlm-k\ - Ø
- n-en-cp-Øp-hm≥ A_vt\¿ GI-tZiw
A©p-h¿jw FSp-Øn-cn-°-Ww.
knwlm-k-\-Øn\p th≠n ZmhoZv Hcn-°epw Ah-Im-
i-hmZw D∂-bn-®n-´n-√; Ct∏mgpw Xm≥ Aßs\ sNbvXn-
√. adn®v Imcyw btlm-h-bpsS Ic-ß-fn¬ `c-ta¬∏n-°-
bmWp sNbvXX - v. btlmh Xs∂ cmPm-hmbn A`n-tjIw
sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬, Ah≥ Xs‚ i{Xp-°sf X\n°v
A[o-\-am-°p-I-bpw, cmP-]-Z-hn-bn-te°v Xs∂ sIm≠p-h-
cn- I bpw sNøpw. AXp- t ]mse apgp temI- t Øbpw
AS°n hmgp-hm-\p-ff ]nXm-hns‚ ka-b-Øn-\mbn tbip-
I¿Ømhv ImØn-cn-°-bm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn¬
Hcp \yq\-]£w am{Xta Xs‚ A[n-\m-b-IXzw AwKo-I-
cn-®n-´p-ffq; F∂m¬ F√m ap´pw aS-ßp-Ibpw F√m \mhpw
tbip-{InkvXp am{Xw I¿Ømhv F∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNøp∂ Hcp \nbp‡ Znh-k-ap≠v (^nen 2:10,11)
2:12-˛17 bYm-k-a-bw, bn{km-tb¬ ssk\y-Øn¬ (11
tKm{X-ß-fp-sS) \mb-I≥ t\cns‚ aI-\mb A_vt\¿,
Zmho- Z ns‚ tk\m\mb- I - \ m- b , skcq- b - b psS aI≥
tbmhm-_ns\ Kos_-tbm-\n¬ h®p I≠p-ap-´n. Hcp If-
Øns‚ Ccp-]p-dh - p- a
- mbn Ccp∂ Ah¿, ssk\o-I] - c
- a
- mbn
{]_-e¿ Bsc∂p sXfn-bn-°p-hm≥ th≠n, Ccp-`m-K-Øp-
\n-∂p-ap-ff _mey-°m-cn¬ Nne¿ Hcp a’-c-Øn-te¿s∏-
Sp-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. _mey-°m¿ Fgp-t∂‰p a’-cn°pw
F∂p \n¿t±-in-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Ifn-°p-sa∂p {]Xo-£n-
®√ A_vt\¿ Aßs\ ]d-™-Xv, AsXmcp ssk\o-I-
t]m-cm-´-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]{¥≠p s_\ym-ao-\y¿ ]{¥≠v
sblq-Zy-tcmSv t]mcmSn; Ah-¿ At\ym\yw sIm√-s∏´p;
AXns‚ ^ew \n¿Æm-b-I-a√m-™-Xn-\m¬ _m°n-bp-f-
f-h-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ AXn-I-Tn-\-amb Hcp bp≤w s]m´n-∏p-d-
s∏-´p. A_vt\cpw Iq´cpw tXm‰p-t]m-bn, Ah¿ kw{`-a-
Øn¬ HmSn-t∏m-bn.
2:18-˛23 tbmhm-_ns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ Hcphm\mb
Akm-tl¬ io{L-Km-an-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ A_vt\-cns\
sIm√p-hm-\p-ff B{K-l-tØmsS Ahs\ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p.
BZyw Xs‚ _mey-°m-cn¬ Hcp-hs\ ]nSn®p Xr]vXn-
s∏-Sp-hm≥ X°-hÆw Akm-tl-ens\ t{]cn-∏n-°p-hm≥
A_-t\¿ {ian-®p. ImcWw X\n°v Ak-tl-ens\ A\m-
bmkw sIm√p-hm≥ km[n-°p-sa∂v A_vt\-cn-\-dn-bm-am-
bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ AXp tbmhm-_ns\ IqSp-X¬ i{Xp-
hm°n Xo¿°p-sa-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Xm≥ AXp sNøp-hm≥
B{K-ln-°m-Ø-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. Xs∂ ]n¥p-S-c-cp-
sX-∂p-ff A_vt\-cns‚ c≠m-asØ At]-£bpw Akm-
tl¬ hI-h-bv°msX h∂-t∏mƒ, kz¥w c£-°mbn
Ah≥ Xncn- ™ p, aq¿®- b p- f f X‚ Ip¥w sIm≠p
Ahs\ IpØn-s°m-∂p.
2:24-˛32 tbmhm_pw Ahs‚ as‰mcp ktlm-Z-c-\mb
A_o-im-bnbpw IqSn AΩm- Ip-∂p-hsc A_-t\-cns\
]n¥p-S¿∂p. Bh-iy-an-√mØ Cu B`y-¥-c-bp≤w Ah-
km- \ n- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ AhnsS h®p tbmhm- _ n- t \mSp
A_vt\¿ At]-£n-®p. AXn-\p-ff tbmhm-_ns‚ adp-
]Sn c≠p hn[-Øn¬ \ap°p a\- n-em°mw: H∂m-a-tØ-
Xv, A_vt\¿ BZyw Xs∂ Ahsc sh√p-hn-fn-®n-√m-bn-
cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ (hm.14) B _mey-°m¿ kam-[m-\-tØmsS
Xß-fpsS `h-\ß - f- n-te°v t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. As√-¶n¬,
AXn-s‚-b¿∞w Cß-s\-bp-am-Imw. NIV˛¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-
t]m-se, bp≤-Øn¬ \n∂pw XXv°m-e-tØ°p hnc-an-°p-
hm≥ A_vt\¿ ]d-™n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, {]`mXw hsc
B _mey-°m¿ Xß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-ßsf ]n¥p-S-cp-am-
bn-cp-∂p. GXp-hn-[a - m-bm-epw, bp≤w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥
tbmhm_v Xocp-am-\n-®p. A_vt\cpw Ahs‚ Bfp-Ifpw
tbm¿±m≥ IS∂v Ing°v Cuiv_-ti-Øns‚ Xe-ÿm-\-
\-K-c-amb al-\-bn-an-te°v t]mbn. Ah\v ap∂q‰n Adp-
]-Xp-t]sc \jvS-am-bn. tIhew ]sØm≥]-Xp-t]¿ \jvS-
s∏-´-h-cmbn tbmhm_pw ]S-bm-fnIfpw slt{_m-\n-te°v
aS-ßn-t∏m-bn.
3:1˛5 Cuivt_m-tiØv `cn-®n-cp∂ iuens‚ Krlw
£bn®p £bn®p h∂-t∏mƒ, Zmho-Zns‚ slt{_m-\nse
Ggc h¿jsØ `c-W-Im-eØv Ahs‚ cmP-Xz-Øns‚
_ew IqSn-°qSn h∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w Zmho-Zns‚ IpSpw-
_hpw hf¿∂p hep-Xm-bn. BZy-ambn slt{_m-\n-te°v
h∂-t∏mƒ, Ah\p Alo-t\m-hmw, A_o-K-bn¬ F∂o
c≠p `mcy-am-cm-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂X - v. ssZh-ln-XØ
- n\p
hncp-≤-am-bn, ab-J, l§o-Øv, A_o-Xm¬, F•m F∂n-
ßs\ \mep-t]-sc-°qSn ZmhoZv hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu
Bdp-`m-cy-am-cn¬ Ah\p Bdp ]p{X-∑m-cp-≠mbn; AXn¬
Aavt\m≥, A_vim-temw, AtZm-\n-bmhv F∂o aq∂p-
t]¿ Ah-s\mcp hyk-\a - m-bn-cp∂p. (]n¬°m-eØv Ah\v
thsd ]p{X-∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p).
3:6˛11 {]I-Sn-Xa
- mbn Cuiv_ti-Øns\ tkhn-°p-tºm-
gpw, A_vt\¿ Xs‚ kz¥w cmjv{Sob ]Zhn _e-s∏-Sp-
Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p; ImcWw Zmho-Zns‚ _ew h¿≤n-°p-
∂-Xmbn Ah≥ a\- n-em-°n. iuens‚ sh∏m-´n-bmb
cnkv]-bp-am-bp-ff A_vt\-cns‚ _‘w kw_-‘n®v
Cuiv_-tiØv Ahs\ Ip‰-s∏-SpØn; ]Xn-s\m∂p
tKm{X-ß-fpsS taep-ff \nb-{¥Ww ]nSn-®-S-°p-hm≥
A_vt\¿ B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xns‚ Hcp kqN-\-bmbn
 2 iap-th¬ 3,4
CXns\ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp-≠v. Cu Imcy-
Øn¬ A_vt\¿ Ip‰-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂pthm A√m-bn-cp-
∂pthm F∂v \ap-°-dn-bn√; ]s£ Ah≥ ]ucp-j-
tØmsS, cmPm-hn-t\m-Sp-ff BZ-c-hp-Iq-SmsX A°mcyw
\ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw bn{km-tb¬ tKm{X-ßsf Zmho-Zns‚
]£-Øm-°n-s°m≠v Iqdp-am-dp-sa∂v {]Jym-]n-°bpw
sNbvXp. FXn¿°p-hm≥ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h-\m-bn-cp∂p
Cuiv _ - t iØv . Rm≥ blq- Z m- ] - £ - Ø n- e p- f f Hcp
\mbvØ-etbm? (hm.8) F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w, Ign™
Ime-ß-fn¬ blqZm Krl-tØmSp Bflm¿∞-X-bp-f-f-
h-\m-bn-cp∂ Xm≥ hne-sI´ \nµy-\mb Hcp cmPy-t{Zm-ln-
bm-Ip-∂pthm? F∂m-Wv.
3:12-˛16 F√m bn{km-tb-eycpw Zmho-Zns‚ ]£Øp
tNcp-sa-∂p-ff Hcp hmKvZm-\-hp-ambn A_vt\¿ Hcp
ZqXs\ Zmho-Zn-s‚-bS- p-tØ-°b - ®
- p. A_vt\-cns‚ Btem-
N\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv, iuens‚ cmP-Xz-Øn-ep-
ff Xs‚ Ah-Imiw _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ B{K-ln®p
sIm≠v iuens‚ aI-fmb aoJ-fns\ Xs‚-b-Sp-tØ°v
aS-°ns°m≠p-h-c-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏-´p. Cuivt_m-tiØv
hn\o-X-ambn AXp kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw aoJ-fns\ Ah-fpsS
`¿Øm-hmb ^mevØn-sb-ens‚ henb ZpxJw hI-h-
bv ° msX Zmho- Z n- s ‚- b - S p- t Ø°p sIm≠p- h - c n- I bpw
sNbvXp. Zmho-Zns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb PohnXw Aßs\
IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿Æ-am-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Xs‚ Poh-N-cn-{X-
Øn¬ as‰mcp Ccp≠ A≤ymbw IqSn Fgp-Xn-tN¿°-
s∏-Sp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn.
3:17-˛21 A\-¥cw, A_vt\¿, s_\ym-an≥ tKm{X-
Ønepw Cuivt_m-ti-Øns‚ ]£-°m-cm-bn-cp∂ a‰p
tKm{X-ß-fnepw sN∂p. s^en-kvXy-cpsS B{I-a-W-ß-
fn¬ \n∂pw Ahsc c£n- ° p- h m≥ ssZh- Ø m¬
hmKvZØw sNbvX-s∏-´-h≥ Zmho-Zm-sW∂v ]d-™p. Ah-
cpsS {]Xn-Ic - Ww A\p-Iq-ea
- m-bn-cp-∂X
- n-\m¬ Ah≥ Zmho-
Zns\ kµ¿in-®v, cmPm-hn-t\m-Sp-ff Xß-fpsS Iqdv {]I-
S-am-°-Ø-°-\n-e-bn¬ bn{km-tb-en-s\-sbm-t°bpw Iq´n-
h-cp-Øp-hm-\p-ff Xs‚ k∂-≤X {]I-Sn-∏n-°bpw sNbvXp.
3:22˛30 Cu ]≤-Xn-I-sfm-t°bpw \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-th≠n A_vt\¿ Zmho-Zn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ \n∂pw t]mb
kµ¿`-Øn-em-Wv, tbmhm_v cmP-Kr-l-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-
h∂v A∂sØ kw`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v tI´-Xv. hnth-I-c-
ln-X-ambn Hcp Nmc\v BXn-Yy-a-cp-fn-b-Xn\p cmPm-hns\
imkn® tijw, A_vt\-cns\ aS-°n-s°m≠p hcp-∂-
Xn\v cl-ky-ambn ]S-bm-fn-Isf Ab-®p. A_vt\¿
slt{_m-\n-te°v aS-ßn-h∂- b
- p-Ss\ tbmhm_v kzImcyw
]d-hm≥ F∂ `mh-Øn¬ ]Sn-hm-Xn-°¬ Hcp `mK-tØ-
°-hs\ Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn. F∂m¬ {]Xn-Imc Nn¥-
tbmsS \S∂ tbmhm-_ns‚ bYm¿∞ e£yw Ahs\
sIm√p-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ hi-Øp-Ip-Øn,
Ahs\ sIm∂p-sIm≠v AX-h≥ \nd-th-‰n. Aßs\
Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb Ak-tl-ens‚ ac-W-tØm-Sp-ff
_‘-Øn¬ X\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]I t]m°p-I-bpw,
tk\m-[n-]Xn F∂ \ne-bn¬ {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp FXn-cm-
fnsb Zqcn-Icn-°bpw sNbvXp. A_vt\-cns\ Ipd™
325
]£w Hcp hnNm-cW - s - b-¶nepw A¿l-Xb - p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp
kt¶-X-\-K-c-ambncp∂p slt{_m≥ F∂p-ff ]cn-K-W-\-
sbm∂pw tbmhm-_n-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂n-√.
(kwJym 35:22- ˛ 25). “hSnIpØn- \ - S - ° p- ∂ - h ≥” F∂
{]kvXmhw (hm.29) Hcp ]s£ apS-¥s\ Dt±-in-®m-bn-cn-
°mw. “Iºnfn, NW-\q¬ apX-em-bh s\øp-hm-\p-]-tbm-
Kn-°p∂ tIm¬ Iøn-se-Sp-°p-∂p-h≥” (F∂p h®m¬
]pcp-j-Ø-an-√m-Ø-h≥) F∂mWv NASB ]cn`mj-s∏-Sp-
Øn- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X v . CXn\p kam- \ - a m- b n- ´ mWv R.S.V
X¿÷a sNbvXn-´p-f-f-Xv; “dm´pkqNn(s\-bvØp-Ip-cp-hn)
]nSn-°p∂h≥” F∂p h®m¬ bp≤-Ønt\m AXp-t]mse
`mc-ta-dnb tPment°m sIm≈m-Ø-h≥ F∂¿∞w.
3:31- ˛ 39 A_v t \cn- t \m- S p- f f _‘- Ø n¬, hfsc
kabw hnem]w Ign-°p-hm≥ ZmhoZv I¬∏n-®p. F∂m¬
Ahs\ sIm∂-Xn\v tbmhm-_n-s\-Xnsc bmsXmcp \S-
]-Snbpw kzoI-cn-®n-√. A_vt\-cns‚ ss[cyhpw i‡n-
bpw, Ipd-®p-IqSn t{ijvT-amb Hcp acWw A¿ln-®n-cp-∂-
Xp-sIm≠v e÷m-I-c-ambn Ah≥ acn-®Xv cmPm-hns\ hf-
sc-b-[nIw ZpxJn-∏n-®p. 33-˛mw hmIy-Ønse Nn¥ C{]-
Im-c-am-bn-cn-°mw. kzbw {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m-\-dn-bm-Ø, ]cn-
N-b-°p-d-hp-ff Hcp hnÕn-sb-t∏m-se-bmtWm A_vt\¿
acn-t°-≠Xv? AXn-\p-ff D±njvS adp-]-Sn, “A√ Ah≥
I_-fn-∏n-°p-∂, ZpjvS-amb Hcp KqUm-tem-N-\-bpsS Cc-
bmbn hogp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.”(2) AXv tbmhm_v kzb-ambn
sNbvX-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v cmPm-hns‚ ZpJw I≠ P\-
߃°p a\- n-em-bn. hmkvXh - Ø - n¬ skcq-bb
- psS ]p{X-
∑m-cpsS (tbm-hm-_pw, A_o-im-bn-bpw) {Iqc-X-bn-ep-ff
Xs‚ Ak-¥pjvSn ZmhoZv ]c-ky-ambn {]I-Sn-∏n-®p.
Ahsc in£n-t°-≠X - n\v btlm-ht- bm-St- ]-£n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. cmPyw GtIm-]n-∏n®v Zmho-Zn\p \evIp-∂-Xn-\p-
th≠n a\p-jy-cpsS ]m]-tØbpw KqUm-te-N-\-tbbpw
ssZhw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xmbn 3˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \mw
I≠p Ign-™p. a\p-jys‚ t{Im[w t]mepw Ah≥ Xs∂
kvXpXn-°p∂Xn\p th≠n-bm-°p∂p (k¶o 76:10).
4:1˛7 A_vt\-cns‚ acWw Ct∏mƒ Cuivt_m-ti-
Øns‚ cmP-XzsØ IqSp-X¬ Zp¿_-e-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. ssk\y-Øn\v Xß-fpsS i‡-\mb \mb-Is\ \jvS-
s∏-´b- p-S≥, FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ c≠p-t]¿ Fgp-t∂-‰p-˛t- c-Jm-hpw-
_m-\m-bpw, Ah¿ cmPm-hns\ NXn®p sIm∂p. Cuivt_m-
tiØv D®-a-b-°-Øn-em-bn-cp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬, ho´n-\p-
≈n¬ IS-∂mWv Ah¿°Xp sNøp-hm≥ km[n-®-Xv.
Ipd®p tKmXºv FSp-°p-hm-\mWv X߃ h∂-sX-∂-h¿
\Sn- ® p. sk]v ‰ z- P n‚ v `mjm- ¥ - c sØ A\p- [ m- h \w
sNøp∂ R.S.V ¬ 6˛mw hmIyw hmbn-°p-∂-Xv, hoSns‚
hmXn¬ Imh¬°mcn tKmXºv hrØn-bm-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-
∂p, F∂m¬ Ahƒ°p ab°w h∂v Ahƒ Dd-ßn-t∏m-
bn; Aßs\ tcJmbpw Ahs‚ ktlm- Z - c - \ mb
_m\mbpw AI-tØ°v \pg™p IS-∂p. iuens‚
knwlm-k\ - Ø
- n\p A\-¥c - m-hI
- m-in-bmbn Hcp ]pcp-js\
am{Xw tijn-∏n® kw`-h-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. sa^o-t_m-
tiØv F∂p t]cp-ff apS-¥-\mb Hcp B¨Ip-´n-bm-bn-
cp∂p AXv.
326

bcp-itew: Zmho-Zns‚ ]´Ww

 2 iap-th¬ 5
4:8˛12 Zmho-Zns‚ {]oXn t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-hm-\m-{K-ln-®p-
sIm≠v tcJm_pw _m\mbpw Cuivt_m-ti-Øs‚ Xe
Zmho-Zns‚ ASp-°¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p. Ah-c-psS B {]hr-
Ønsb btlmh t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®p-sh∂p ÿm]n-°p-hm≥
B Zpjv S - ∑ m¿ {ian- ® p. F∂m¬ Xs‚ cmPm- h ns\
knwlm-k-\-ÿ-\m-°p-hm≥ th≠n ssZhw Xs‚ \nbaw
ewLn-°m≥ a\p-jys\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-bn-√∂ Imcyw
Zmho-Zn\v AXn-t\-°mƒ \∂mbn Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.
sIme-]m-X-I-∑m-cpsS klm-b-an-√msX Xs∂ Zmho-Zn-t\m-
Sp-ff Xs‚ hmKvZØw sNm∆mbn \nd-th-‰p-hm≥ Ign-hp-
f-f-h-\m-bn-cp∂p ssZhw. iuens\ sIms∂∂v Ah-Im-
i-s∏-´-h-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ A]-cm-[n-I-fmWv Xß-sf∂v
ZmhoZv Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-Ibpw Ahsc DS-\Sn sIm∂p-I-
f-bp-hm≥ Iev]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cuivt_m-ti-Øs‚
Xe BZ-c-]q¿∆w A_-t\-cns‚ ih-°p-gn-bn¬ AS°w
sNbvX-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS ih-i-cocw e÷-°mbn s]mXp
Z¿i-\-Øn-\p-th≠n Xq°n-bn-´p.
D. bn{km-tb-en\p samØw cmPm-hm-bp-ff A`n-
tjIw (A.5)
5:1˛5 cmPm-hn-t\m-Sp-ff Xß-fpsS Iqdpw BZ-chpw
shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hm°p-I-fm¬, bn{km-tb-ense ]Xn-
s\m∂p tKm{X-ßfpw Zmho-Zns\ \oXn-bp-ff cmPm-hmbn
AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ blq-Z-tbmSv tN¿∂n-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv. 1 Zn\. 12:23-˛40˛ ¬ h∂-hsc FÆn-Øn-´-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Aßs\ GIo-IrX cmjv{S-Øns‚ Hcp
`cWw Bcw-`n-®p. AXv ap∏-Øn-aq-∂p-h¿jw \o≠p-\n-∂p.
samØ-Øn¬ Zmho-Zv 40 h¿jw `cn-®p.
3˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Zmho-
Zns‚ aq∂m-asØ A`n-tj-I-am-Wv. BZyw Ah≥ {]hm-
N-I-\mb iap-th-en-\m¬ A`n-tjIw sNø-s∏´p (1
iap16:13) AXn\p tijw slt{_m-\n¬ h®v blqZm
Krl-Øns‚ cmPm-hmbn Ahs\ A`n-tjIw sNbvXp
(2:4). Ct∏mƒ Ah-km-\a- mbn apgp-cm-Pyhpw Ahs\ \oXn-
bp-ff cmPm-hmbn A`n-tjIw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
5:6˛10 ZmhoZv cmPm-hns‚ ssk\oI \S-]SnIfn¬
BZy-tØ-Xv, sb_q-ky-cn¬ \n∂pw kotbm≥ tIm´ ]nSn-
s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p, Ipcp-S¿°pw apS-¥¿°pw t]mepw
i{Xp-°sf XSp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Xc-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS
tIm´ Iog-S-°m-\m-hm-Ø-hn[w _e-ap-f-f-Xm-sW∂v PmXn-
I-fmb Cu tbm≤m-°ƒ Icp-Xn. F∂m¬ ]´m-f-Øns‚
Pe hnX-cW k{º-Zm-b-Øn¬ Hcp _e-lo-\-X-bp-f-fXv
ZmhoZv I≠p-]n-Sn-®p. Xmsg-bp-ff Hcp Du‰n¬\n∂pw ]´-
W-Øn-te°v shffw sIm≠p-h-cp-hm-\mbn sb_q-ky¿
D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ `qan-°-Sn-bn-eq-sS-bp-ff Hcp \o¿]m-Øn-
bn-eqsS AI-Øp-I-b-dp-hm≥ Xß-fpsS Bfp-I-tfmSv
Iev]n-®p. B ]≤Xn hnP-b-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\
sb_qkv Zmho-Zns‚ ]´-W-sa∂p Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ sbcp-
i-te-ambn amdn. bn{km-tb¬ cmjv{S-Øns‚ Xe-ÿm-\-
am-bn-cp∂p AXv. Ipcp-Scpw apS-¥cpw ho´n¬ hc-cpXv F∂v
]n¬°m-e-tØ°v Hcp sNm√m-bn-Øo¿∂ 8˛mw hmIy-
Øns‚ c≠mw `mKw, 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ A]-l-kn®
327
b_q-kysc Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-Ib - m-W.v ant√m F∂Xv ]pcm-
X\ ]´-W-Øns‚ tIm´-bpsS Hcp `mK-am-Wv. (B ]´Ww
hnP-b-I-c-ambn B{I-an-°-s∏-´Xv tbmhm-_ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-
Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Aßs\ Zmho-Zns‚ ssk\ym-[n-
]≥ F∂ ]Zhn Xm≥ kpc-£n-X-am°n F∂pamWv 1
Zn\.11-˛mw A≤ym-bØ
- nse CXn-t\m-Sp-ff kam-\a- mb hnh-
cWw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv).
5:11-˛16 tkmcnse PmXob cmPm-hmb locmw, Zmho-
Zn\v sbcq-i-te-an¬ Hcp Ac-a\ ]Wn-tb-≠-Xn-\p-ff
hkvXp-X-Ifpw AXn-\p-th≠ ]Wn-°m-tcbpw Ab-®p.
Bh.17:17 se \nbaw ewLn-®p-sIm-≠v, ZmhoZv sbcp-i-
te-an¬h®v A[nIw sh∏m-´n-I-tfbpw `mcy-am-tcbpw FSp-
Øp, Ah-cn¬ X\n°v ]nt∂bpw ]p{Xn ]p{X-∑m¿ P\n-
®p. ain-lm-bpsS cmP-Iob hwim-hen itemtam-\n-eq-
sS-bmWv \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏-´-Xv. sbcp-i-te-an¬ h®v Zmho-
Zn\p P\n® ]p{X-∑m-cpsS a‰p c≠p ]´n-I-Iƒ IqSn-bp≠v
(1 Zn\ 3:5˛8; 14:3˛7). Cu aq∂p enÃp-Iƒ XΩn¬ t\cnb
Nne hyXym-k-߃ D≠v (Iq-Sp-X-embpw A£-c-ß-fn¬)
5:17-˛21 bn{km-tb-ens‚ GIo-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®pw,
Ah-cpsS i‡-amb tI{µ `c-Ws - Ø-°p-dn-®p-ap-ff hm¿Ø-
Iƒ s^en-kvXysc Akz-ÿ-am-°-sIm≠v bn{km-tb-
ens\ B{I-an-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. sbcp-i-te-an\p
sX°p- f f sc^mbnw Xmgvhcbn¬ Xß- f psS
ssk\ysØ H∂n-®p-Iq-´n. btlm-h-bn¬ Dd-∏m-°-s∏´
hnP-b-tØm-sS, ZmhoZv i{Xp-°sf B{I-an®p Iog-S-°n.
Ah≥ B ÿe-Øn\v _m¬-˛-s]-cmkow F∂p t]cn-´p;
AXns‚ A¿∞w _m¬ XI¿°-s∏-´p, AYhm XI¿°-
s∏-Sp∂ bP-am-\≥ (NASB, NKJV am¿Pn≥) F∂m-Wv.
AhnsS i{Xp-ssk-\y-Øn¬ btlmh kam-[m-\e - w-L\w
hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. `mhn Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°p CS¿®-°√v
BIm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn-\v, s^en-kvXy¿ Ct´-®p-t]mb hn{K-
l-߃ (hm.21) IØn-®p-I-f™p. (1 Zn\.14:12)
5:22˛25 Nne \mfp-Iƒ°p tijw, s^en-kvXy¿
]ns∂bpw Cu sc^mbnw Xmgvhcbn¬ h∂p bn{km-tb-
ens\ `oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn, Cu ka-bw, Ah-cpsS ]nºp-d-
Øp-IqSn hf-™p-sN-∂v, _mJm hr£-߃°v FXnsc
h®v Ahsc t\cn-Sp-hm≥ btlmh Zmho-Zn-t\mSv ]d-™p.
_mJm hr£-ß-fpsS A{K-ß-fn¬ IqSn AWn \S-°p∂
H®- t ]mse tIƒ°p- t ºmƒ s^en- k v X y¿s°- X nsc
btlmh \S-°p∂p F∂v ZmhoZv a\- n-em-Ipw. ZmhoZv
i{Xp-°sf tK_ apX¬ tKtk¿ hsc tXmev]n-®p-
sh∂Xmbn- c p∂p AXns‚ A\- ¥ c ^ew. tK_
Hcp]s£ Kn_- t bm≥ Bbn- c p- ∂ n- c n- ° Ww (NKJV
am¿Pn≥ LXX sk]v‰zPn‚ v) (1 Zn\. 14:16)(3). Hcp bp≤-
Øns‚ ssZhnI \S-Øn∏v (hm.19) Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw
ASp-Ø-Xn-\p-sa∂v (hm.23) ZmhoZv Icp-Xn-bn√ F∂Xp
{]tXyIw {it≤-b-am-Wv. \mapw F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw CS-
hn-SmsX ssZh-lnXw Bcm-b-Ww. BZysØ bp≤-Øn¬
ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤Xn t\cn-´p-ff Hcp an∂¬ B{I-a-W-am-
bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ c≠m-a-tØ-Xn¬ ]Xn-bn-cn∏v Bbn-cp∂p
Xm≥ \n¿t±-in-®-Xv.
328 2 iap-th¬ 6
E. s]´Iw sbcp-i-te-an-te°p sIm≠p-h∂p
(A.6)
A©mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂
Imcy-߃°p tijw DS≥Xs∂ \S-°p∂ Imcy-ß-f√
6˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse kw`-h-߃ c≠p iap-th-ense
hnh-cW- ß
- s- f√mw ]e-t∏mgpw Imem-\p-{I-aa
- m-bn-´√ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
6:1˛7 1 iap. 7:1,2 hmIy-ß-fn-emWv \mw Ah-km-\-
ambn ssZh-Øns‚ s]´-I-sØ-°p-dn®v hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
s^en-kvXy¿ aS°n Ab® B s]´-Iw, IncyØv bbm-
cn-an¬ A_o-\m-Zm-_ns‚ ho´n¬ h®n-cn-°-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
At\I h¿j-߃ IS-∂p-t]m-bn. A\-¥-cw, `c-W-]-c-
ambn Xe-ÿm\ \K-c-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Xs‚ ]´Ww aX-]-c-
ambpw A{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂ B{K-l-tØmsS
s]´Iw sbcp-it- e-an-te°p sIm≠p-hc - phm≥ ZmhoZv Xocp-
am-\n-®p. Aßs\ AXp sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ th≠n Ah≥
ap∏-Xn-\m-bncw bn{km-tbey ]pcp-j∑ - m-tcbpw Iq´n _mte-
˛-b-lq-Z-bn-te°p (In-cyØv bbmcow Xs∂-bm-Wn-Xv) ]pd-
s∏-´p. X≠p-sN-ep-Ønb s]´Iw sIlm-Xy¿ tXmfn¬
Npa-t°Ww (kwJy 7:9) F∂p ssZhw \n¿t±-in-®n-´p-
≠v. AXn\p ]Icw ZmhoZv Hcp ]pXnb h≠n-bp-≠m°n
s]´Iw AXn¬ h®v henb hnP-bm-tLm-j-tØmsS
\mtJms‚ (1 Zn\ 13:9 ˛¬ IotZm≥ F∂ t]cmWp ImWp-
∂-Xv) If-Øn-¶¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p. Ahn-sS-h®v Imf hnc-
≠-Xp-sIm-≠v, s]´Iw h≠n-bn¬ \n∂p Xmsg hogp∂
A]-I-S-ÿn-Xn-bn-se-Øn. At∏mƒ A_o-\m-Zm-_ns‚
]p{X-∑m-cn¬ Hcm-fmb D m, Xs‚ ssIsIm≠v s]´Iw
t\sc-bm-°n. s]´Iw sXmSp-hm≥ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿°p
t]mepw Ah-Im-ia - n-√m-Xn-cns°, D m A{]-Imcw sNbvX-
Xp-sIm≠v (kwJy 4:15) DS-\Sn btlmh Ahs\ \n{K-
ln-®p.
s^en-kvXy¿ ]e-t∏mgpw AXn¬ sXm´n-´ps≠-¶nepw
acn-®n-´n-√mØ ÿnXn-°v, AXn¬ sXm´-Xn\v ssZhw
F¥n\v D sb kwl-cn-®p-sh∂v ]e-hpcp tNmZyw sNø-
s∏-´n-´p-≠v. AXn-\p-ff adp-]Sn C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p
tXm∂p-∂p. ssZh-tØmSp IqSp-X¬ ASp-Øn-cn-°p-∂h - ≥;
GsXmcp sX‰n\pw kKu-chw thK-Øn¬ \ymbw-hn-[n-
°-s∏-Spw. \ymb-hn[n ssZh-Kr-l-Øn-emWv Bcw-`n-°p-
∂-Xv.
ssZh-Øns‚ {]hrØn hf-sc-b-[nIw I¿°-i-am-°n-
bn-cp-∂pthm? Ahs‚ aln-abpw AXn hnip-≤nbpw kw_-
‘n-®p-ff Adnhv \ap-°n-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv ssZh-sØ-
\ymbw hn[n-°p-hm≥ \ap°v kzmX-¥y-ap-ff - X
- mbn tXm∂p-
∂-Xv. Bfp-Iƒ tbip-hns\ ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse, s]´Iw
ssZh-Øns‚ Zriy-amb Hcp {]Xn-cq-]-Øn\p Xpey-am-bn-
cp-∂p. D m AXp Ah-K-Wn-®p. bn{km-tb-ens\ kw_-
‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Xß-fpsS ssZh-Øns‚ alXzw Kuc-
h-Ic- a
- mbn IW-°m-°Ø
- °- h
- n[w \ne-\n-e°v p∂ Hcp ]mT-
am-bn-cp∂p Ahs‚ ac-Ww. \ns‚ \maw hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-
s∏-tS-Wta F∂p \mw {]m¿∞n-°p-tºmƒ \ΩpsS
`mjW coXnbpw {]hr-Ønbpw \maXp A¿∞-am-°p-∂p-
sh∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂pt≠m? (kv{In-]v®¿ bqWn-bs‚
ssZ\w-Zn\ Ipdn-∏v)
6:8˛11 ZmhoZv btlm-h-tbmSp Cu ssZhoI \ymb-hn-
[n-bn-ep-ff Xs‚ {]Xn-tj[w {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw s]´Iw
\K- c - Ø n- t e°p sIm≠p- h - c p- h m- \ p- f f Xs‚ ]≤Xn
Xev°m-e-tØ°p Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\p
]Icw Ah-\Xp bcp-i-te-an\p kao]w Hmt_Zv GtZm-
ans‚ ho´n¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn h®p. s]´Iw Xs‚ `h-\-
Øn-em-bn-cp∂ aq∂p amkw btlmh Hmt_Zv GtZm-an-
t\bpw Ahs‚ IpSpw-_Ø - n-ep-ff - X
- n-t\bpw hf-sc-b[
- nIw
A\p-{K-ln-®p.
6:12-˛15 Cu A\p-{K-l-sØ-°p-dn®p tI´ ZmhoZv cmPm-
hv, ssZh-Øns‚ s]´Iw sbcp-i-te-an-te°p sIm≠p-h-
cp-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. Cu aq∂p amk-°mew s]´Iw
sIm≠p-h-tc-≠-sX-ß-s\-bm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
ZmhoZv Xncp-h-N\w kq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-®p-sh∂v 1
Zn\:13-˛15˛ se hnh-cWw \tΩmSp ]d-bp-∂p. Aßs\
ZmhoZv ]pXnb h≠n Dt]-£n-®p. s]´Iw tehy¿ Xß-
fpsS Npaen¬ hln-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂p. s]´Iw Npa-∂-
h¿ {i≤m-]q¿∆w Bdp NphSp \S∂p Ign-™-t∏mƒ,
C∂v btlm-hbv°p A\n-jvS-an-s√-∂p-d-∏p-h-cp-Øphm≥
Ah≥ Hcp Imf-tbbpw XSn-∏n® InSm-hn-t\bpw bmKw
Ign-®p. A\-¥cw sXcp-hp-I-fn-eqsS \rØw sNbvXp-
sIm≠p Zmho-Zns‚ \K-c-Øn-te°p s]´Iw sIm≠p-h-
∂v , Hcp XmXv ° m- e nI IqSm- c - Ø n¬ h®p. (68- ˛ mw
k¶o¿Ø\w Fgp-X-s∏-´Xv Cu ka-b-Øm-bn-cn-°-Ww)
ZmhoZv k¿∆-i-‡n-tbmSpw IqsS btlm-h-bpsS apºmsI
\rØw sNø-Ø-°-hÆw BÀm-Z-`-cn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. BNm-
c-{]-Im-c-ap-ff cmP-Iob hkv{X-߃°p ]I-cw, ]™n-
\q¬ sIm≠p-ff Gt^m-Zm-bn-cp∂p ZmhoZv [cn-®n-cp-∂-
Xv.
6:16-˛23 Infn-hm-Xn-en¬ IqSn t\m°ns°m≠ncp∂
Ahs‚ `mcy-bmb aoJƒ, Hcp cmPm-hns\ kw_-‘n-®n-
S-tØmfw Atbm-Ky-sa∂p Ahƒ°p tXm∂nb Xc-Øn-
ep-ff Gt^mZv [cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah≥ \rØw sNøp-
∂Xv I≠p. Ah≥ ho´n¬ aS-ßn-sb-Øn-bt- ∏mƒ, s]mXp-
P-\-ß-fpsS at≤y A¥-kn-√msX \rØw sNbvX-Xn\v
sX‰mb coXn-bn¬ Ahƒ Ahs\ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn. (20-˛mw
hmIy-Ønse A\m-hr-X-\m-°n-sb∂ ]Z {]tbmKw 14-
˛mw hmIy-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°-Ww). btlm-
h-bn-ep-ff Xs‚ kt¥m-jØ - ns‚ Hcp {]I-S\
- a
- m-bn-cp∂p
B \rØ-sa∂v Xm≥ ]d-bp-I-bpw, ssZhoI Imcy-ß-fn-
ep-ff Xs‚ D’mlw \nb-{¥n-°p-hm≥ Xm≥ B{K-ln-
°p-∂n-s√∂pw Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xm≥ C\nbpw
CXn-e-[nIw P\-Øm¬ \nµn-X\pw Xs‚ ImgvN°v Ffn-
b- h \pw Bbn- Ø o- c pw, F∂mepw aoJƒ ]d™
“Zmkys]¨Ip- ´ n- I - f m¬” X\n°p al- X z- a p- ≠ m- I pw.
hna¿i-\m-fl-I-amb Ah-fpsS at\m-`mhw aqew Poh-]-
cy¥w Hcp Ip´nbpw D≠m-bn√ F∂ A[n-t£]w aoJƒ
hln-t°-≠n-h-∂p. Hcp hna¿i-\m-flmhv ^e-k-ar-≤nsb
\nb-{¥n-°p-sa-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Bh-iy-ap-ff
Hcp ⁄m]I Ipdn-∏m-Wn-Xv.

F. Zmho-Zp-am-bp-ff ssZh-Øns‚ DS-ºSn (A.7)
7:1˛5 ssZh-Øns‚ s]´Iw Xnc-»o-e-°-IØv Ccn-°p-
tºmƒ, Xm≥ at\m-l-c-amb `h-\-Øn¬ hkn-°p-∂Xp
tbmKy-a√ F∂p Zmho-Zn\p tXm∂n. AXp-sIm≠v s]´Iw
sh∏m≥ Hcp Bebw ]Wn-bp-hm\p-ff Xs‚ B{Klw
{]hm-N-I-\mb \mYm-t\mSv kqNn-∏n-®p. BZyw \mYm≥
AXn\p A\p-aXn \evIn. ImcWw Ah≥ btlm-ht- bmSp
Acp-f-∏mSp tNmZn-°m-sX-bmbncp∂p {]Xy-£-Øn¬
Aßs\ ]d-™X - v. F∂m¬ ]n∂oSv btlm-hb
f-∏mSv X\n-°p-≠m-bn-´v, Bebw ]Wn-bp-hm≥ btlmh
Zmho- Z ns\ A\p- h - Z n- ° p- I - b n- s √- ∂ p- f f h¿Ø- a m\w
Ahs\ Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
7:6˛11 an{k-bn-an¬ \n∂pw ]pd-s∏´ \mƒ apX¬ Ah≥
IqSm-c-ß-fn-em-bn-cp∂p hkn-®n-cp-∂-sX∂pw, btlmh
\mYms\ Hm¿∏n-®p. bm{X-bn-em-bn-cp∂ bn{k-tb-ens\
kw_-‘n-®n-St- Ømfw IqSm-cß - f
- m-bn-cp∂p A\p-tbm-Pyw.
F∂m¬ ÿnc-am-bp-ff Hcp Be-b-Øn-\p-ff kabw
Ct∏mƒ h∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
7:12- ˛ 15 A\- ¥ cw ssZhw Xm≥ Zmho- Z n- t \mSp
sNbvhm\ncn-°p∂ \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb Hcp DS-º-Sn-sb-°p-
dn®v \mYm\p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. Zmho-Zn\p Hcp ]p{X-\p-≠m-
Ipw (i- t em- t am≥) Ah≥ btlm- h - b psS Bebw
]Wnbpw. Ahs‚ knwlm-k\w Ft∂°pw ÿnc-am-bn-
cn- ° pw, Ah≥ sX‰p sNbv X m¬ ssZhw Ahs\
in£n®p {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øpw, F¶nepw Xs‚ Zb Ah-¶¬
\n∂pw \oßn-t∏m-I-bn√ F∂n-h-bm-bn-cp∂p B DS-º-Sn-
bnse hmKvZ-Ø-߃.
7:16-˛17 IqSm-sX, Zmho-Zns‚ Krlhpw Ahs‚ cmP-
Xzhpw Ahs‚ knwlm-k-\hpw Ft∂°pw ÿnc-am-bn-
cn-°p-sa∂pw Ahs‚ kz¥w k¥-Xn-Iƒ Xs∂ knwlm-
k-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-sa∂pw btlmh hmKvZØw sNbvXp.
_m_n-tem\y {]hmkw apX¬ Zmho-Zns‚ hmgvN XS- -
s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv, F∂m¬ Zmho-Zns‚ k¥-Xn-
bmb {InkvXp, `qtem-IsØ `cn-∏m≥ aS-ßn-h-cp-tºmƒ
AXp ]p\-ÿm-]n-°-s∏-Spw.
sP≥k≥ hni-ZoIcn°p∂p: ssZh-Øn\p Hcm-ebw
]Wn-bp-hm≥ ZmhoZv B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ AXn-\p-
ff hntij `mKyw e`n-®Xv item-tam-\m-Wv. ZmhoZv ssZh-
Øn-\p-th≠n {]h¿Øn-®Xv t]mcm´ ssien-bn-eq-sS-bm-
Wv, A√msX \n¿Ωm-W-am-bn-cp-∂n√ Xs∂-°p-dn®pff
Dt±iw F∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. F∂m¬ Cu t]mcm-´-
Øns‚ \Sp-hn-epw, Ah≥ as‰m-∂n-\p-th≠n hgn Hcp-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv Xs‚ lrZbw hfsc XmXv]-cy-
]q¿∆w ]Wn-bp-hm≥ B{K-ln® Bcm-[\ - m-eb
- Ø
- n\p ASn-
ÿm-\-an-Sp-I. bp≤-ß-sfms° Ign-™-t∏mƒ, item-
tam≥, ZmhoZv Xøm-dm°n h®n-cp∂ km[-\-߃ sIm≠v
Bebw ]Wn-Xp. IjvSX - I
- t- fm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn-epw, henb
i{Xp-hmb kmØm-t\m-Sp-ff Pbw kw_-‘n®pw ZmhoZv
{InkvXp-hns\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ IjvS-X-
Ifpw kwL-´-\-ß-fp-sa√mw Ah-km-\n®v al-Xz-Øn-em-
bn-cn-°p∂ {InkvXp-hn-s\-bmWv item-tam≥ {]Xn-\n-[o-
2 iap-th¬ 7,8 329
I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. {InkvXp apJy aqe-°-√m-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZh-
Øns‚ bYm¿∞ Be-b-amb k` Ah-km\ \mfn¬
shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Spw. k`-bpsS IjvS-X-I-fp-tSbpw kwL-
´-\-ß-fp-tSbpw Cu \mfp-I-fn¬, ssZh-Øs‚ al-Xz-
am¿∂ B sI´n-S-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp-ff km[-\-߃ Hcp-°-
s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.(4)
7:18-˛29 ssZh Icp-W-bpsS Cu DS-º-Sn-bn¬ Bg-ambn
Nen-°s - ∏´ Zmho-Zv, Xm¬°m-en-Ia
- mb IqSm-cØ
- n¬ sN∂v
- psS Acp- ChnsS tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ kvtXm{X {]m¿∞\
Ign-®p. tªbv°n ]d-bp-∂p, AXn¬:
IpSpw-_Ø - n¬ {]kn-≤n-b‰- Xpw Adn-bs
- ∏-SmØ hy‡n-
Xz-hp-am-b-Xns\ ssZhw Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xn-\m¬, `qX-Ime
kw_-‘-ambn Xm≥ AXn-ibw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂p; \o
Fs∂ C{X-tØmfw sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Rm≥ F¥p-ffp?
F∂p ]d™p sIm≠v h¿Ø-am\ Ime-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-
Øn¬ Xm≥ AXn-i-bn-°p∂p; Xs‚ Krlw, hcp-hm-\p-
ff Zo¿L-Imew ÿnc-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n sNbvX
Icp-X¬ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kw_-‘n®v `mhn-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-
Øn¬ Ah≥ IqSp-X-embn B›-cy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.(5)
“I¿Ømhmb btlmth CXp a\p-jy¿°p ]Xn-ht√m”
(\nbaw F∂mWv am¿Pn-\n¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv hmIyw
19b NASB) F∂Xns‚ A¿∞w, a\p-jy¿ At\ym\yw
sNø-W-sa∂p I¬∏n-®n-´p-ff AtX kvt\l-tØmsS
Zmho-Zn-t\mSv Zb-bmbn s]cp-amdn F∂m-Wv.
G. bn{km-tb-ens‚ i{Xp-°-fpsS ]cm-Pbw
(A.8)
8:1,2 Xs‚ `c-W-Øn-s\Xn-cmbn \n¬°p∂ PmXob
cmPy-ßsf \n¿am¿P\w sNøpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p cmPm-
sh∂ \ne-bn-ep-ff Zmho-Zns‚ \bw. bn{km-tb-ens‚
AXncv hnkvXo¿W-am-°p-hm≥ Cu \bw klm-bn-®p.
DZm-l-c-W-am-bn,- A-h≥ s^en-kvXysc tXm¬∏n-®p.
tasØ-Kv-˛-AΩm AXm-bXv KØv ]nSn-®-S°n (1 Zn\.18:1).
KØn¬ h®mWv Ah-s\m-cn-°¬ {`m¥-\mbn A`n-\-bn-
®Xv (1 iap. 21:10-˛15); Ct∏mƒ Ah≥ Ahn-SpsØ cmPm-
hmbn tkh-\a - \
- p-jvTn-°pw. AXp IqSmsX Ah≥ tamhm-
_y-tcbpw tXmev∏n®p; Ah-cn¬ aq∂n¬-˛-c≠p `mKsØ
ac-W-Øn-\mbn th¿Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n Hcp Afhv NcSv
D]-tbm-Kn®v Af-∂p. tamhm-_y¿ bn{km-tb-en-t\mSp
hnizm-k-h-©\ ImWn-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
8:3˛8 ZmhoZns‚ ASpØ hnPbw Acm-ay-tZ-i-Øm-bn-
cp-∂p. Bbncw cY-ß-fpw, Fgp-\qdp IpXnc tNh-I-tc-
bpw, Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bncw Imem-fp-I-tfbpw ]nSn-®-S-°n-s°m-
≠v, ZtΩ-ti-°n\pw lmam-Øn\pw at≤y-bp-ff tkm_
cmPysØ cmPm-hmb lZ-tZ-k-cns\ Ah≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-
Sp-Øn. cY-Ip-Xn-c-I-fn¬ \qdp-am{Xw h®pw sIm≠v tijw
IpXn-c-I-fpsS IpXn-R-cºv sh´n-°-f-™p(6) bp≤Øn\p
tbmKy-a√ - m-Xm-°p-∂X- n-\p-th≠n arK-Øns‚ Imense Hcp
Ne-\-R-cºv apdn-®p-I-f-™p-sh-∂mWv AXns‚b¿∞w.
lZ-tZ-k-cns\ klm-bn-∏m≥ ZsΩ-ti-°n-t\mSp tN¿∂
330 2 iap-th¬ 8,9
Acm-ay¿ h∂-t∏mƒ, ZmhoZv Acm-ay-cn¬ Ccp-]Ø
- o-cm-bncw
t]sc kwl- c n®p; Acm- a ysc Xs‚ Zmk- ∑ m- c m°n
Xo¿Øp. AXn-\p- tijw lZ-tZ-k-cn¬ \n∂pw Xm≥ ]nSn-
s®-SpØ Xm{a s]m≥ ]cn-N-I-fp-ambn sbcp-i-te-an-te-
°p aS-ßn.
8:9˛12 lmam-Øns‚ Ab¬ cmPm-hmb tXmbn, ZmhoZv
lZ-tZ-k-cn-t\mSp bp≤w sNbvXp Ahs\ tXmev∏n-®-Xn-
\v, Ahs\ A`n-\-µn-°p-Ibpw shf-fn, s]m∂v, Xm{aw
F∂n-h-sIm-≠p-ff kΩm-\-߃ sImSp-Ø-b-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ZmhoZv Xs‚ bp≤-ß-fn¬ kºm-Zn-s®-SpØ
sh≈n s]m∂v F∂n-ht- bmSp IqsS hne-]n-Sn® Cu teml-
ßfpw btlm-hbv°v hnip-≤o-I-cn-®p, ]n∂o-SXp Be-b-
Øn-\p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-®p.
8:13 {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Xs∂ ChnsS Hcp s]mcp-Ø-t°-
Sp-≠v. D∏p Xmgvhc-bn¬ h®v ZmhoZv ]Xn-s\-Æm-bncw Acm-
aysc kwl-cn-®p-sh∂v ChnsS ]d-bp∂p, F∂m¬ 1 Zn\
18:12 ¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv, D∏p Xmgvhc-bn¬ h®v A_o-imbn
]Xn-s\-Æm-bncw GtZm-aysc sIm∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. ]pcm-X\
sk]v‰z-Pn‚ v Acmay `mjm-¥-c-ß-fn-se-∂-t]m-se, Nne
blqZ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Ifpw 2 iap 8:13 epw GtZm-ay¿
F∂mWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂-sXmcp bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv.(7)
F∂m¬ hnP-b-Øn¬ \n∂v ZmhoZv X\n-s°mcp
Io¿Øn kºm-Zn-®p-sh∂v 2 iap-th-en¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-
tºmƒ AXns‚ alXzw A_o-im-bn-bpsS t]cn¬ 1 Zn\-
hr-Øm-¥Ø - n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂Xv Akm-
[m-cW
- a- m-W.v km[m-cW
- \
- n-eb
- n¬ Zmho-Zns\ hf-sc-b[
- nIw
{]iw-kn-®p-sIm-≠p-ffXmWv 1 Zn\-hr-Øm-¥w. Hcp-]s£
bp≤-ß-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, k¿∆-
ssk-\ym-[n-]≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ hnP-b-Øns‚ Io¿Øn
Db¿∂ DtZym-K-ÿ\v ChnsS Zmho-Zn\v e`n-®n-cn-°p-I-
bm-Wv. F∂m¬ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ bp≤-Øns‚ t\cn-´p-ff
\nb-{¥Ww A_o-im-bn-bpsS Iogn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw
Zmho-Zns‚ {Inbm {Ia-Øn\p ap≥Xq°w sImSp-°p∂ Zn\-
hr-Øm-¥-°m-c≥ t]mepw bp≤-°-f-Ønse \mb-I-\n¬
{i≤ tI{µo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ \nb-{¥n-
°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Imcy-߃ IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿Æ-am-
°p∂ Xc-Øn¬, 60-˛mw k¶o¿Ø-\-Øns‚ io¿j-I-
Øn¬, tbmhm_v (A-_o-im-bn-bpsS ktlm-Z-c≥) ]¥o-
cm-bncw GtZm-aysc D∏p Xmgvhc-bn¬ h®p kwl-cn-®p-
sh-∂mWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
bqPn≥ sadn-ens‚ \n¿t±iw Xmsg-]-dbpw {]Im-c-
amWv: ssk\oI {]h¿Ø\w samØ-Øn¬ A_o-im-bn-
bpsS t\cn-´p-ff A[n-Im-cØ
- n≥ Io-gn-em-bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬
aq∂n¬ c≠p-`mKw GtZm-aysc kwl-cn-°p-hm-\p-ff DØ-
c-hm-ZnØw (Xs‚ Npa-X-e-bn-ep-ff ]S-bm-fn-I-tfm-sSm-∏w)
tbmhm-_n-\m-bn-cp∂p F∂p-f-fXv {i≤n-®m¬ Hcp ]s£
Cu hyXymkw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.(9)
8:14 GtZman¬ F√m-SØpw ZmhoZv Imh¬ ]´m-fß - sf
B°n, GtZm-ay-scm-s°bpw Ah\v Zmk-∑m-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p
F∂p-ff hkvXp-X, 13˛mw hmIyw kw_-‘-ambn am¿Pn-
\n¬ GtZm- a y¿ F∂p Fgp- X n- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X n- t \bpw
IqSmsX Zn\-hr-Øm-¥-Ønse kam-\-`m-K-Øns‚ F√m
lkvXe- n-Jn-Xß
- t- fbpw IqSp-Xe
- mbn ]n≥Xm-ßp∂ H∂m-
Wv.
8:15-˛18 Aßs\ Zmho-Zns‚ cmPyhpw i‡nbpw hf-
sc-b-[nIw {]_-e-am-°-s∏-´p, Ah≥ \oXn-tbmSpw \ymb-
tØmSpw IqSn `cWw \S-Øn. 16-˛18 hmIy-ßf - n¬ Ahs‚
{][m-\n-I-fmb Nne DtZym-K-ÿ-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv: tbmhm-_v˛- t- k-\m-[n-]X- n, sbtlm-
im-^m-Øv˛- a{¥n, kmtZm°pw Alo-at- e°pw (A-_y-Ym¿
F∂m-hm-\mWv km≤y-X, ]I¿sØ-gp-Øp-Im-cs‚ sX‰m-
Imw,-Xmsg t\m°p-I) ˛ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿; skcm-b-˛-cm-b-
k-°m-c≥ AYhm sk{I-´-dn, s_\m-bm-hv-˛-Zm-ho-Zns‚
AwK-c-£-I-∑m¿°v A[n-]Xn; Zmho-Zns‚ ]p{X-∑m¿-˛-ap-
Jy-a-{¥n-am¿. 17-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ aqe-hm-Iy-kw-_-‘n-bmb
Hcp {]iv\-ap-≠v. Ahn-tSbpw 1 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 18:16; 24:6
F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnepw A_ym-Ym-dns‚ ]p{X-\mb Alo-a-te-
°ns‚ t]cmWv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A_ym-Ym-
dns‚ ]p{X-\mbn Alo-at- e-°ns\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-
∂Xv B t]cp-Iƒ XΩn¬ efn-X-amb ]cn-lm-c-am¿§w.
F∂m¬ ]g-b-\n-ba BNm-cm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ChnsS
as‰mcp km≤y-X-bp-≠v. AXn-ß-s\-bm-Wv, Hcp Xe-ap-d-I-
gn-™p-ff ASpØ Xe-ap-dbv°v AtX t]cp-Iƒ Xs∂
CSp-I, AXm-bXv sIm®p-a-°ƒ°v h√y-∏s‚ t]cn-Sp∂
k{º-Zmbw Aßs\ \evI-s∏-´n-´p-ff Ah-k-c-ß-fn-
se√mw kmtZm-°ns‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-ip-{iq-j-bnse kl-
{]-h¿Ø-I¿ A_ym-Ym-tcm, Alo-at- et°m Bbn-cn-°pw.
\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ sFloI Poh-Im-eØv {]I-S-amb
\ne-bn¬ Iø-^mhpw l∂mhpw sNbvXp-h-∂-Xp-t]mse
(eqt°m 3:2) A_y-mYmcpw Alo-a-te°pw kl-]p-tcm-
ln-X-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
t\m_n¬ h®v iu¬ Alo-a-te-°n-t\bpw Ahs‚
]p{X-∑m-tcbpw kwl-cn-®t- ∏mƒ, A∂v tijn-®Xv A_ym-
Ym¿ am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv ZmhoZv cmPm-hmbn Xo¿∂-
t∏mƒ, Ah≥ A_ym-Ym-cns\ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mbn
\nb-an-®p. F∂m¬ kmtZm-°ns\ Xm≥ ÿm\-{`-jvS-\m-
°n-bn-cp-∂n-√.
H. sa^o-t_m-ti-Øn-t\mSp ImWn® A\p-Iº
(A.9)
9:1˛13 tbm\m-Ym-t\mSp Zb ImWn-t°≠Xmb Xs‚
DS-º-Sn-sb-°p-dn®v ZmhoZv Hm¿°p-Ibpw (1 iap 20:14-˛17)
AXp \nh¿Øn-°p-hm-\p-ff Ah-kcw At\z-jn-°bpw
sNbvXp. tbm\m-Yms‚ apS-¥-\mb Hcp aI≥ tbm¿±m\p
Ing°v temtZ-_m-cn¬ Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠-∂p-ff hnh-cw, acn-
®-t]mb iu¬ cmPm-hns‚ `rXy-\m-bn-cp∂ ko_m ]d-
™p. Ahs\ sbcp-i-te-an-te°p sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥
Ahs‚ IpSpw-_m-h-Imiw Ah\p aS-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥
I¬∏n-°p-Ibpw cmPm-hns‚ tai-bn¬ \n∂p `£n°phm-
\p-ff {Iao-I-cWw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. sa^o-t_m-ti-
 2 iap-th¬ 10
Øns‚ ip{iq-j-°mbn ko_m-tbbpw Ahs‚ ]p{X-∑m-
tcbpw \nb-an-®p.
]m]-Øn-\-Sn-a-bmbn hn¬°-s∏-´v, Xcn-ip-\n-e-Øn¬
(tem-tZ-_m-cns‚ A¿∞w ta®n¬ ÿew C√m-ØnSw
F∂m-Wv)(10) ]m¿°p∂ am\-km-¥-c-s∏-SmØ Hcm-flm-hn-
s\-bmWv sa^o-t_m-tZ-iØv Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv (am-Jo¿
F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w hn¬°-s∏-´-Xv, hm.4). A[-]-Xn®
iu¬ Krl-Ønse Hcp ]pd-Pm-Xn-°m-c\ - m-bn-cp∂p Ah≥.
Ah\p Imep c≠pw apS-¥-\mbncp∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, cmPm-
hns‚ ASp-°¬ h∂v Zb-°mbn At]-£n-∏m≥ Ign-hn-
√mbncp∂p. F∂m¬ Icp-Wm-ab - \
- mb B cmPmhv Ahs\
A\p-{K-ln-∏m-\mbn At\z-jn®p I≠p-]n-Sn-®p. Hcn-°-
embn I≠ sa^o-t_m-ti-Øn\p hf-sc-b[ - nIw kºØp
\¬I-s∏-Sp-Ibpw cmPm-hns‚ tai-bn-¶se Iq´m-bva-bpsS
]Zhn e`y-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. c£ kw_-‘n-®p-ff
Chn-SsØ kmZr-iy-߃ hfsc hy‡-am-Wv. sa^o-t_m-
ti-Øns\ t]mse \mapw \n -lmbcmbn-cp-∂p. (ssZ-h-
Øn-¶-te°p hcp-hm≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h¿) Bi-b‰ Ah-
ÿ-bm-bn-cp∂p \Ωp-tS-Xv. (ho-Wp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§-
Øns‚ Hcp `mKw): F∂m¬ Ir]-bm¬ \mw ssZh-{]o-
Xnbv°p ]m{X-ß-fmbn Xo¿∂p. ssZhnI IpSpw-_-Ønse
Hcw- K - s a∂ \ne- b n- t e°v \mw Db¿Ø- s ∏- S p- I bpw
{InkvXp-hns‚ Iq´-h-Im-in-I-fm-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-
°p-∂p.
B›-cy-I-c-amb B ssZhoI kvt\lw,
Fs‚ lrZ-b-tØbpw, Fs‚ Poh-t\bpw
Aßs\ F\n-°p-f-f-sX√mw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p!
sFkIv hm´vkv
1. IqSp-X-em-bp-ff hnP-b-߃ (A.10)
10:1˛5 AtΩm-\y-cm-Pm-hmb \mlmiv Hcn-°¬ Zmho-Zn-
t\mSv Zb sNbvXn-cp-∂p. apºv Xs‚ `c-W° - m-eØv iu¬
tXm¬∏n® \mlmiv Xs∂-bm-Wn-Xv. (1 iap.11) iu¬
Ch-cpsS c≠p-t]-cp-tSbpw i{Xp-hm-bn-cp-∂-°m-e-Øv, A`-
bm¿∞n-bm-bn-cp∂ Zmho-Zns\ Cu \mlmiv klm-bn-®n-
cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww. Ct∏mƒ B ISw ho´p-hm-\m-{K-ln-®p-
sIm≠v Zmho-Zv, \mlm-ins‚ ac-W-tijw Inco-Sm-h-Im-
in-bm-bn-Xo¿∂ Ahs‚ aI≥ lm\qs‚ ASp-°¬ ZqX-
∑msc Ab-®p. F∂m¬ AtΩm\y {]`p-°-∑m¿ Zmho-
Zns‚ Bfp-Isf I≠-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Nmc-∑m-c-sW∂p
kwi-bn-®p. Aßs\ Ahsc hr‡n-]-c-ambn A]-am-\n-
°p-hm\pw A[n-t£-]n-°p-hm\pw lm\q≥ Iev]n-®p. A]-
am-\n-°-s∏´ Xs‚ ZqX-∑msc I≠p ZmhoZv tIm]n-®p.
10:6˛8 Cu Imcyw Adn™ AtΩm-\y¿ DS-\Sn sX°p-
\n∂v Bcm-aysc Iqen°p hcpØn bn{km-tb-en-t\mSp
bp≤-Øns\mcpßn (1 Zn\ 19-˛mw A≤ymbw ImWp-I).
Aßs\ tbmhm-_ns‚ Iogn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ Bfp-Iƒ
Acm-ay¿, AtΩm-\y¿ F∂o c≠p ssk\y-ß-fp-ambn
G‰p-ap-´n.
6˛mw hmIyhpw 1 Zn\ 19:6,7 hmIy-ßfpw XΩn-ep-ff
331
{]I- S - a mb ]q¿∆m- ] c hncp- ≤ - X sb Ipdn®p tPm¨
slbven hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p:
tkm_, amJm, tIm_v F∂nh Acm-ay-bn-se sNdnb
cmP-hm-gN
v I
- f
- m-bn-cp-∂X
- p-t]m-se, saskm-s∏m-Øm-ay-bnse
sNdnb cmPy-ß-fn-sem-∂m-bn-cp∂p t_Øv-sc-tlm-_v.
Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ t]cp-Ifpw kwJy-Ifpw Xmsg
ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse s]mcp-Ø-s∏´p hcp-∂p(11).
II. iap-th¬
t_Xvsctlm_n-sebpw tkm_-bn-sebpw Acm-ay¿ 20,000
tkm_nse Acm-ay¿ 12,000
amJ-bnse Acm-ay¿ 1,000
BsI 33,000
I. Zn\-hr-Øm¥w
tkm_ apX-emb CS-ßf
- n¬ \n∂p-ff Acm-ay¿ 32,000
BJm-bnse Acmay¿ 1,000
(kwJy \¬I-s∏-´n-´n-√)
BsI 33,000
10:9-˛14 tbmhm_v Xs‚ Bfp-Isf c≠p Iq´-ambn
hn`-Pn-®p. Ah-cn¬ hoc-∑m-cmb Hcp Iq´w ]S-bm-fn-Isf
Acm-ay¿s°-Xncmbn Xs‚ Iogn¬ AWn-\n-cØ - n. Ahs‚
ktlm-Zc - \
- mb A_o-imbn _m°n-bp-ff bn{km-tb-eysc
AtΩm-\y¿s°-Xn-cmbn \bn-®p. GXp ssk\y-amtWm
A]mb `ojWn t\cn-Sp-∂Xv Ahsc klm-bn-°W - s - a∂v
c≠p tk\m- [ n- ] - X n- I fpw ]c- k v ] cw Xocp- a m- \ n- ® p.
tbmhm_pw Iq´cpw shfn-{º-tZ-iØp h®v Acm-aysc
B{I-an-®p, Ah¿ HmSnt∏m-bn. At∏mƒ ]cn-{`m-¥-cmb
AtΩm-\y¿, Xß-fpsS ]´-W-Øn-te°v (cm_ Bbn-cn-
°mw) ]n¥n-cn-t™m-Sn.
10:15-˛19 AXn-\p-tijw ho≠pw AXn-t\m-S-SpØ Ime-
Øp-Xs∂ Acm-ay¿ Ah-cpsS ssk\ysØ ]p\xkwL-
Sn- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw a‰p Acmay {]hn- i y- I - f n¬ \n∂pw
klmbw A`y¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂n´v Ah¿
tbm¿±m\p Ing°v tlem-an-\-Sp-tØ°v ]S-\o-°n. (Ir-
Xy-amb ÿew ]d-b-s∏-´n-´n-√) Ahn-sS-h®v Zmho-Zns‚
ssk\yw Ah-tcm-tS-‰p-ap-´n. Ahsc tXmev∏n-®p-I-f-™p.
Fgp-\qdp tXcm-fn-I-tfbpw \mev]-Xn-\m-bncw IpXn-c-∏-S-
bm-fn-It- fbpw bn{km-tb-ey¿ sIm∂p (1 Zn\ 19:18-˛¬ Ggm-
bncw tXcm-fn-Ifpw F∂mWv \jvS-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 700 eLp cY-ß-f-S-ßnb 40,000 t]cpsS
Hcp IpXn-c-∏-´m-f-hpw, 7000 i‡n-tb-dnb cY-ß-f-S-ßnb
40,000 t]cpsS Hcp Imemƒ ]´m-fhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
∂mWv hneywkv A`n-{]m-bs - v).(12) ZmhoZns‚ i‡n
- ∏-Sp-∂X
Cu bp≤-Øn-eqsS Acm-ay¿°v t_m≤y-am-bn. AXp
sIm≠v Ah¿ bn{km-tb-ep-ambn k‘n sNbvXv Ahsc
tkhn-®p, AXn¬ ]ns∂ Hcn-°epw Ah¿ AtΩm-\ysc
klm-bn-∏m≥ Iq´m-°n-bn-√.
332 2 iap-th¬ 11,12
II. Zmho-Zns‚ hogvN (A.1-1,12)
A. t_Xvti-_t- bmSpw Ducn-bm-hn-t\mSpw sNbvX
AXn-{Iaw (A.11)
11:1˛5 Ip{]-kn-≤a
- mb [m¿Ωn-IN- ypXn Zmho-Zns‚ Pohn-
X-Øn¬ kw`-hn-®Xv aq∂p Imc-Wß - f- m-em-W∂v A`n-hµy
hymJym-Xm-hmb amXyq sl≥{Sn Fgp-Xp∂p: (1) Xs‚
sXmgn-en-t\mSpff _‘-Øn¬ Xm≥ ImWn® Ah-K-
W\; (2) kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-tfm-Sp-ff Bk-‡nbpw Ae-
kXm at\m-`m-h-Øns‚ emf-\bpw (3) hgn sX‰p∂ Hcp
IÆv(13). B≠n¬ cmPm-°∑ - m¿ bp≤-Øn\pw t]mIpw Ime-
Øv, AtΩm-\y¿s°-Xn-cm-bp-ff bp≤-Øn\p t]mImsX
tbmhm-_ns\ bp≤-Øn-\-b-®n´v ZmhoZv `h-\-Øn¬ Ae-
k-\mbn Ign-™p. Ae-k-X-bpsS ka-b-ß-fmWv ]e-
t∏mgpw henb {]tem-`-\-ß-fpsS ka-b-߃. Hcp\mƒ
k‘y-bm-Im-dmb ka-bØv cmP-[m-\n-bpsS amfn-I-ta¬
Dem-hn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Xm≥ Xmtgm´p t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ
kpµ-cn-bmb Hcp kv{Xo Ipfn-°p-∂Xp I≠p. Ah-sf-
°p-dn-®-t\z-jn-®-t∏mƒ Zmho-Zns‚ i‡-cmb tbm≤m-°-
fn¬ Hcm-fmb Ducn-bm-hns‚ `mcy-bmb t_Xvti-_-bm-
W-sX∂v a\- n-em-bn. ZmhoZv Ahsf Bf-b®p hcp-Øn,
Ah-tfm-Sp-IqsS ibn-®p. Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn AhƒX-s∂-
Øs∂ ip≤o-I-cn-®-tijw Xs‚ `h-\-Øn-te°p aS-ßn-
t∏m-bn. Xm≥ K¿`n-Wn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ
Ahƒ Zmho-Zns\ B h¿Ø-am\w Adn-bn-®p.
11:6˛13 At∏mƒ cmPmhv Xs‚ ]m]w ad-®p-h-bv°p-
hm-\p-ff t{Zml ]≤Xn Xøm-dm-°n. BZy-ambn Xm≥
tbmhm-_ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-ff ssk\y-Øns‚ ]ptcm-
KXn tNmZn-®d- n-bp-hm-s\∂ `mh-Øn¬ Ducn-bm-hns\ bp≤-
ÿ-e-Øp- \n∂pw hcp-Øn. Xs‚ tNmZy-߃°p adp-]Sn
\¬Inb Ducn-bm-hn-t\mSv ]n∂oSv `h-\-Øn-te°v t]mIp-
hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´p. Ah≥ `h-\-Øn¬ sN∂m¬ Xs‚
`mcy-bmb t_Xvti-_sb ]cn-{K-ln-°p-sa∂v B{K-ln-
®mWv Aßs\ sNbvX-Xv. Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ inip
P\n-°p-tºmƒ AXp Xs‚ kz¥w ss]X-em-sW∂v Ducn-
bmhv hnNm-cn-°pw. F∂m¬ Zmho-Zns‚ ]≤-Xn-Isf Ducn-
bmhv XInSw adn-®p. kz¥ `h-\-Øn-te°p aS-ßn-t]m-
Ip-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Ah≥ cmP-[m-\n-bpsS hmXn¬°¬
InS-∂p-dßn; Xs‚ cmPyw bp≤-°-f-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂n-S-
tØmfw `h-\Ø - nse kpJ-ku-Ic - y-߃ Bkz-Zn-°p-hm≥
X\n°p Ign-bp-sa∂v tXm∂n-bn-√. \ncm-i-\mb ZmhoZv
Ducn-bm-hns\ el-cn-]n-Sn-∏n®p t\m°n. ]t£ hniz-kvX-
\mb B ]S-bmfn At∏mgpw ho´n¬ t]mIp-hm≥ Iq´m-
°n-bn-√. cmPm-hns‚ hnizmk h©-\bv°p hncp-≤-am-bp-
ff Ducn-bm-hns‚ hniz-kvX-Xbpw Bflm¿∞-Xbpw
{]tXyIw {it≤-b-am-Wv.
11:14-˛17 At∏mƒ ZmhoZv Xs‚ A]-Io¿Øn°p Imc-
W-ambn Xo¿∂ Xcw-XmW {]hr-Øn-bn-eqsS Imcyw t\Sn.
tbmhm-_n-\p-ff Hcp IØp-ambn˛Du-cn-bm-hns‚ ac-Wh
- n[n
AS-ßnb Hcp IØv ˛ bp≤-ÿ-e-tØ°p t]mIp-hm≥
Zm-hoZv Ah-t\mSv I¬∏n-®p. acWw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v
Xo¿®-bp-ff ÿeØv AXm-bXv ]S ITn-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-
SØv Ducn-bm-hns\ ap∂-Wn-bn¬ \n¿Øp-hm≥ cmPmhv
tbmhm-_n-t\mSv I¬∏n-®p. At∏mƒ ]ns∂ P\n-°p-hm-
\n-cn-°p∂ inip Xt‚-X-s√∂p X≈n-]-d-bp-hm≥ Ducn-
bmhv Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I-bn-√-t√m. tbmhm-_m-bn-cp∂p bp≤w
\nb-{¥n-®n-cp-∂-Xv, AXp-sIm≠v Ducn-bmhv sIm√-s∏-Sp-
sa-∂p-f-fXv Xo¿®-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tbmhm_v Xs‚ ssk\y-
tØmSp apt∂-dp-hm≥ I¬∏n-®p. F∂n´v Ccp-]m¿iz-ß-fn-
ep-ap-f-f-h-tcmSv ]n∑m-dp-hm≥ ]d-™p. a≤y-`m-K-Ømbn
apt∂m´p \oßn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Ducn-bmhpw Iq´cpw Ffp-
∏-Øn¬ aXn-en-t∑-ep-ff AtΩm-\y-cpsS e£y-am-bn,
Aßs\ Ah≥ kwl-cn-°-s∏-´p. ssk\o-I-]-c-ambn
AXp hnUvVn-Ø-am-bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw Ducn-bm-hn-t\bpw
Zmho-Zns‚ hniz-kvX-cmb Nne tNh-I-∑m-tcbpw Hgn-hm-
°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ AXp hnP-bn-®p.
11:18-˛21 Cu h¿Ø-am\w Zmho-Zns\ Adn-bn-∏m≥ Bsf
Ab® tbmhm-_n-\v, ssk\y-Øns‚ tXm¬hn-bn¬
cmPmhv tIm]n-°p-sa∂v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. \n߃ ]´-
W-tØmSp C{X ASp-Øp-sN∂p ]S-sh-´n-bXp F¥n\v?
Aßs\ sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠mWv KnsZ-tbms‚ (sb-cp-
∫iØv) aI-\mb A_o-ta-se°v sIm√-s∏-´-sX∂v
\n߃ Hm¿°p-∂n-√tbm? F∂n-ßs\ ZmhoZp tNmZn°pw
(\ymb 9:50-˛55 ImWp-I). AXp-sIm≠v \ns‚ `rXy≥
lnXy-\mb Ducn-bmhpw acn®p F∂p Iq´n-t®¿Øv cmPm-
hns‚ tIm]w Imte-Iq´n XS-b-W-sa∂v tbmhm_v B
ZqX\v \n¿t±iw \evIn. AXp-aqew B Znh-ksØ
ssk\y-Øns‚ A]-P-b-߃ ZmhoZp ad-°p-hm\nSbm-
Ipw.
11:22-˛25 \n¿t±-i-{]-Imcw ZqX≥ Zmho-Zns\ B hnhcw
Adn-bn-®p. At∏mƒ ssk\oI A]-P-b-߃ kw`m-hy-
am-sW∂pw Ducn-bm-hns‚ ac-W-Øn¬ ZpxJn-t°-≠-Xn√
ImcWw bp≤-Øn¬ hmƒ hI-Xn-cn-hn-√msX Aßp-anßpw
\in-∏n°pw F∂p-ap-ff Hcp hm¿Ø tbmhm-_ns\ Adn-
bn-∏m≥ Ah-t\mSp ]d-™p-hn-´p. Aßs\ Zmho-Zv, “ac-
W-Øns‚ kw`-hy-X-sb-Ip-dn®pw AXns‚ N©e kz`m-
hsØ Ipdn-®p-ff Hcp hn[n-I-ev]nX A`n-{]m-b”-tØmsS
Xs‚ ISpØ sX‰ns\ ad-bv°p-hm≥ I]-S-ambn {ian-®p.
11:26,27 BNm-c-{]-Im-c-ap-ff hnem-]-Imew Ign-™-
t∏mƒ, ZmhoZv t_Xvti-_sb Xs‚ `mcy-bm-°p-hm≥
hnfn-∏n-®p. Ipd-®p-Im-e-߃°p tijw ss]X¬ P\n-®p.
thZ-`m-K-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Zmho-Zns‚ Pohn-X-
Ønse Cu kw`hw Ah-cpsS hniz-kvX-X-bpsS Hcp
kqN-\-bm-Wv. ssZh-P-\sØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw,
kXy-k‘ - hpw Ah¿°v Dt]-£n-°m-\m-hm-ØX- p-amb Hcp
ImgvN∏
- m-Sv˛ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠p∂
kz`m-hw, AXm-bXv tZmjw ad-®p-h-bv°mØ kz`m-hw-˛-
Ah \ap°p \evIp-∂p. (kv{In-]vN¿ bqWn-bs‚ ssZ\w
Zn\ Ipdn-∏n¬ \n∂v)
B. btlm-h-tbm-Sp-ff G‰p-]-d-®n¬ (A.12)
12:1˛9 11-˛Dw 12 Dw A≤ym-b-߃°n-S-bn¬ GI-tZiw
Hcp h¿jw IS∂p t]mbn-sb-∂Xp s]mXpsh AwKo-I-
 2 iap-th¬ 12
cn-°s- ∏-Sp-∂p. A°m-eØv btlm-hb - psS Icw Zmho-Zns‚
ta¬ `mc-ap-ffXmbn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ Bflob sRcp°w
k¶o¿Ø-\-߃ 32.51 F∂n-h-bn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-´p-
≠v. B hnj-b-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ hn[n
tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v \mYm≥ {]hm-N-I≥ Xmsg ]d-bp∂ D]-
a-bp-ambn Ah-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ h∂p. hf-sc-b-[nIw BSp-am-
Sp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂ [\-hm-\m-bn-cp∂ Hcp a\p-jy≥, Xs∂
kµ¿in® Hcp hgn-bm-{X-°m-cs\ k¬°-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn,-
Xs‚ kz¥w arK-ßsf D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ a\- m-ImsX
]mh-s∏´ Hcp a\p-jy-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ GI s]¨Ip-™m-
Sns\ ]nSn®p AXns\ Adp-Øp. Zmho-Zns‚ kz¥w Pohn-
X-Ønse ]m]-sØ-°mƒ, a‰p-ff - h
- cpsS ]m]-Øn\p hn[n
Iev]n-°p-hm≥ Ffp-∏Ø - n¬ Ign-™p. B a\p-jy\v \men-
c´n ]Icw sImSp-°W - w. Xs∂-bp-a√ Ah-s‚ ]m]-tØm-
Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ah≥ ac-W-tbm-Ky-\p-amWv F∂v
Ah≥ tIm]-tØmsS Acp-fn-sN-bvXp. \mYm≥ \n¿Zm-
jWyw Xs‚ Nq≠p-hn-c¬ Zmho-Zn\p t\sc Nq≠n-
s°m≠p C{]-Imcw ]d-™p. “AXp sNbvX a\p-jy≥
\o Xs∂”. ssZhw \nt∂mSp Icp-W-Im-Wn-®p. \ns∂
cmPm-hm°n, kº-∂-\m-°n, \o B{K-ln-®-sXm-t°bpw
\n\°p \evIn, F∂m¬ \o t_Xvti-_sb Ah-fpsS
`¿Øm-hn-¶¬ \n∂pw FSp-ØXp IqSm-sX, \ns‚ sX‰p
ad-bv°m-\mbn Ahs\ sIm√p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
12:10-˛14 cmPmhv hn[n® {]Im-c-ap-ff in£ At∏mƒ
D®-cn-°-s∏-´p. Xs‚ a°ƒ X\n-s°mcp hyk-\-am-bn-cn-
°pw; c‡-]¶ - n-ea
- mbn t]mcm-´ß
- f
- n¬ Xs‚ Krlw On∂-
`n-∂-am-°-s∏-Spw. Xs‚ `mcy-am¿ A]-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
]c-ky-ambn _em-ev°mcw sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw (2
iap. 16:22 ImWp-I). Xs‚ ]m]-{]-hrØn ]c-ky-am-°-
s∏-Spw. At∏mƒ ZmhoZv A\p-Xm-]m-h-ÿ-bn-te°p hcn-
Ibpw Xm≥ sNbvX ]m]w G‰p-]-d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tam¿K≥ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:
13-˛mw hmIyw {i≤n-°p-I, Hcp-h≥ ]c-am¿∞Xtbm-Sp-
IqSn kz¥ ]m]w G‰p-]-d-bp-tºm-gmWv Ah-\Xp Dt]-
£n-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-t]-£n-°p-hm≥ ssZhsØ klm-bn-
°p-∂Xv B G‰p-]-d-®n-em-Wv.14
Xs‚ ]m]-Øn-\p-ff in£ Cf-hp-sN-bvXp-sh∂v
\mYm≥ DS-\Sn Dd∏p \evIn ˛ AXm-bXv Ah≥ acn-°p-
I-bn-√. F∂m¬ ]m]-Øns‚ ]cn-Wn-X^ - ew Xs∂ A\p-
[m-h-\w sNøpw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬, D]-a-bnse [\-hm-\mb
a\p-jy-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ah≥ kzbw Iev∏n-®-Xp-
t]mse \men-c´n Ah≥ aS°n sImSp-t°≠n hcpw
(]pd.22:1): B ss]X¬ acn°pw; Aavt\m≥ sIm√-s∏Spw
(A.13); A_vimtemw h[n-°-s∏Spw (A.18) AtZm-\n-
bm-hn\p h[-in£ hn[n°pw (1 cmPm.2)
12:15-˛23 Ip™v tcmKn-bmbn Xo¿∂-t∏mƒ, ZmhoZv D]-
hm-kt- ØmSpw {]m¿∞-\t- bmSpw IqsS ssZh-k∂
- n-[n-bn¬
Iangv∂p hoW-t]-£n-®p. Ah≥ AXnZpxJnX-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ Ip™p acn-®p-t]m-b-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ, Ah≥ aS-
ßn-h-cn-I-bn-√. ]s£ X\n°v AXm-bXv Zmho-Zn\v acn-
°p-tºmƒ Hcp-\mƒ Ip™n-s‚-b-Sp-tØ°p t]mIp-hm≥
333
Ign-bp-sa∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v Ah≥ Fgp-t∂‰p `£n-®p.
inip-°fpw bu∆-\-°m-cmb Ip™p-ßfpw \jvS-s∏´
hnizm-kn-I-fmb amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°v 23-˛mw hmIyw henb
Bizm-k-Øns‚ Hcp Dd-hn-S-am-Wv.
amXyq sl≥{Sn A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv: ssZhoI amXm-
]n-Xm-°ƒ°v ssii-h-Øn¬ acn-®p-t]mb Xß-fpsS
Ip™p-ßf - psS Imcy-Øn¬ {]Xym-ibv°v hI-bp-ff
- Xv ]c-
tem-I-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS Bflm-°-tfm-sSm∏w kzkvX-am-
bn-cn°mw F∂p-f-f-XmWv; ImcWw inip-°ƒ°v Ign-bm-
ØXp t]mse, kz¥w hmXn-en\p km£ CSmØh¿°v
\nh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hmKvZØw \ap°pw \ΩpsS k¥-
Xn-Iƒ°p-ap-≠v.(15)
DØc-hm-Zn-ØØ- ns‚ {]mb-Øn¬ FØp∂Xn\p apºv
acn-®p-t]mb a°ƒ kz¿§-Øn¬ t]mIp-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬
]q¿Æ-hn-izm-k-ap-f-f-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ \ap°p Ignbpw;
ImcWw kz¿§-cmPyw Cß-s\-bp-f-f-h-cp-tS-Xt√m F∂p
tbip ]d-™n-´p≠v (a-Ø.19:14)
ssZh-Øns‚ kz`m-hsØ Ipdn-®p-ff Bg-amb Hc-
dnhv ZmhoZv kºm-Zn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xns‚ sXfn-
hmWv ssZhoI \ymb-hn-[n-tbm-Sp-ff Xs‚ {]Xn-I-c-W-
co-Xn. btlmh Icp-W-bp-ff Hcp ssZh-am-W-∂-dn-bm-hp-
∂-Xp-sIm≠v ssZhoI in£ hcp-∂-Xn\p apºv ZmhoZv
{]m¿∞n-®p. btlmh \oXn-bp-ff ssZh-am-W-∂-dn-bm-hp-
∂-Xp-sIm≠v in£ h∂p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ Xm≥ Bcm-[n-
®p. Ign-™p-t]mb Imcy-ß-sf√mw ad∂v ssZhoI
in£Ww kzoI-cn®p sIm≠v `mhn-bn-te°v Xm≥ t\m°n.
Ah≥ \ncm-i-\m-bn-√ ImcWw ssZhw C\nbpw Xs∂
A\p-{K-ln-°p-sa∂v Ah-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ t\cp-
f-fh
- \
- m-Wv.
12:24,25 t_Xvti_ item-tam≥ F∂p t]cp-ff
as‰mcp ]p{X\pw P∑w \¬In. cmPm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ Xs‚
]nXm-hns‚ ]n≥Kman Ah-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ap≥Iq´n
\n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. {]hm-N-I-\mb \mYm-\n-eqsS
ssZhw Ah\p sbZn-Zymhv (b-tlm-hbv°p {]nb≥)
Fs∂mcp t]cp-IqSn \evIn.
12:26-˛30 Zmho-Zns‚ ]m]-Øm¬ 11:1˛¬ XS- -s∏´
c∫bv°p t\sc-bp-ff B{I-a-W-Øn-te°p Ct∏ƒ hnh-
cWw ho≠pw aS-ßn-s®-√p-Ib - m-Wv. ]´-WØ
- ns‚ Hcp `mK-
sam-gnsI ˛ Hcp ]s£ AXp G‰hpw apI-fn-ep-ff tIm´-
bm-bn-cn°mw ˛ _m°n-sb√mw tbmhm_v ]nSn-®-S-°n-b-
Xmbn ImWs∏Sp- ∂ p. (Io- g - S - ß ¬ Bk- ∂ - a m°n
Xo¿°p∂ hn[-Øn¬ tbmhm_v ]´-W-Ønse Pe-hn-X-
cWw ]nSn-s®-Sp-Øp-sh∂v NKJV - bpw tPmko^kpw
]d-bp-∂p)(16) hnP-b-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ _lp-a-Xnbpw Zmho-
Zn\v e`n-t°-≠-Xn\p h∂p bp≤w ]q¿Øo-I-cn-∏m≥
tbmhm_v Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sd- n-bn-®p. tbmhm-_ns‚ \nkzm¿∞
kz`mhw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ {it≤-b-amb Hcp {]hr-Øn-
bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. Zo¿L-Z¿i-\-an-√mØ Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-
cp∂ tbmhm-_v. bYm-k-a-b-ß-fn¬ Xs‚ hy‡n-Xz-
Øns‚ bYm¿∞ i‡n ImWn-°p∂ Hcp-h-\m-bn-´m-bn-
cp∂p Ah≥ ImW-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ samØ-Øn-ep-
334 2 iap-th¬ 12,13
ff Xs‚ kz`mhw t\m°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ A\p-I-º-bn-
√m-Ø, Iui-e-°m-c\pw ZpjvS-\p-amb Hcp D]m-bn-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. c∫ ]nSn-®-S-°p-∂-Xn¬ ZmhoZp hnP-bn-®p. AXn\p
{]Xn-^-e-ambn a‰p sImff km[-\-ß-tfm-sSm∏w Hcp
Xme¥p Xq°-ap-ff Hcp kz¿Æ-°n-co-Shpw X\n°p e`n-
®p.
12:31 Ah-km-\sØ hmIyw, AtΩm-\y¿°p ZmhoZp
\evInb A-Xn-{Iq-camb in£sb Ipdn-®mtWm (KJV
AhX-cn-∏n-°p-∂)(17) AtXm tIhew Im¿jnI the-bnse
Ah-cpsS hoSp-]-Wnsb Ipdnt®m, As√-¶n¬ hyh-km-
bnI ASn-a-Ø-sØ-°p-dnt®m (NKJV Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p)
{]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-sX∂v thZ ]WvUnX∑mcp-sS-bn-S-bn¬
A`n-{]mb hyXym-k-ap-≠v. i{Xp-°-tfm-Sp-ff Zmho-Zns‚
CS]mSp coXn-b\ - p-kc
- n®v c≠m-at- Ø-XmWv IqSp-X¬ e£-
Wo-I-am-bn-´p-f-f-Xv.
III. Zmho-Zns‚ t¢i-߃ (A.1-3˛20)
A. Aavt\m-\m¬ Xma¿ _em¬kwKw sNø-s∏-
Sp∂p (13:1˛19)
13:1˛14 Zmho-Zn\p am-J-bn-ep-ff A_vim-temw, AXp-
t]mse Alo-t\m-hØ - n-ep-ff ]p{X-\m-bn-cp∂p Aavt\m≥;
Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw A¿≤-k-tlm-Z-c-
∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. A_vi-tem-ans‚ kz¥w ktlm-Z-cn, kpµ-
cn-bmb Xma¿, Aavt\ms‚ A¿≤-k-tlm-Z-cn-bm-bn-cn-s°,
Ah\v Ah-fn¬ t{]aw P\n-®p. Ah-fpsS hnhn-‡-amb
Pohn-Xhpw hnip-≤nbpw \nanØw Ah-tfm-S-SØp sN√p-
hm-\p-ff am¿§w H∂pw Ah≥ I≠n-√. At∏mƒ tbm\m-
Zm_v (Zm-ho-Zns‚ ktlm-c-]p-{X≥, hm.3) AXn-\p-ff ]cn-
lm-c-am¿§w \n¿t±-in-®p. tcmKw \Sn® Aavt\m≥, Xs∂
ip{iq-jn-°m-s\∂ `mh-Øn¬, Ahsf Xs‚ ib\ apdn-
bn-te°v hioI-cn®p sIm≠p-h-∂-tijw _em¬°m-
tcW Ah-tfm-Sp-IqsS ibn-®p.
13:15-˛19 Ip‰-IrXyw sNbvX-tijw, Ah≥ Ahsf
kvt\ln-®-Xn-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X-embn Ahsf shdp-Øp,
Aß-s\-bmWv ]e-t∏mgpw Imcy-߃. AXy-[n-I-am-bp-
ff PUm-k-‡nbpw shdp∏pw XΩn¬ At`Zy _‘-ap-
≠v. Ah-fn¬\n∂pw tamNn-X-\m-Ip-hm≥ Ah≥ B{K-ln-
®p, ]s£ Ahƒ hn´n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-km\w
Ah≥ _e-{]-tbm-K-Øm¬ Ahsf ]pd-Øm°n; ]pd-
Øm°n hmXn¬ AS-bv°pI F∂p-h-®m¬ a\- n¬
\n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°pI F∂m-bn-cn°mw Ah≥ B{K-ln-
®-Xv. Ahƒ ZpxJ-kq-N-I-amb hkv{Xw [cn-®n-cp-∂Xp
sIm≠v F¥mWp kw`-hn-®-sX-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-
Øn¬ AXv A_vi-tem-ans\ PmK-cq-I-\m-°n.
B. Aavt\m-t\mSp-ff A_vim-tem-ans‚ {]Xn-Im-
chpw A_vim-tem-ans‚ ]mem-b\- hpw (13:20-˛39)
13:20 AX{X Kuc-h-ap-ff Imcy-a√ F∂p Nn¥n-®p-
sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ A_vimtemw Xma-dns\ Biz-kn-∏n-
®Xv; adn®v hmkvXh- Ø
- n¬ CXn-t\m-SI
- w, Ah≥ Aavt\m-
t\mSp {]Xn-Imcw sNøp-hm-\p-ff t{Zmlm-tem-N\ \S-
Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kzbw sX‰p sNømsX Xs∂ A]-am-
\n-°s- ∏´v hnhm-lt- Øm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ah\p th≠m-
Ø-h-fmbn Xo¿∂ Xma¿, Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb A_vi-
tem-ans‚ ho´n¬ GIm-In-bmbn ]m¿Øp. Ahƒ ac-W-
]-cy¥w hnhm-ln-X-bm-ImsX Pohn-®p-sh-∂mImw AXn-
s‚-b¿∞w. Aan-X-amb PU-tamlw \n¿t±m-jn-I-tfbpw
Ip‰w sNbvX-h-tcbpw Hcp-t]mse thZ-\n-∏n-°p-∂p.
13:21 Zmho-Zns‚ tIm]w G‰hpw Pzen-®p-sh-¶nepw,
Aavt\ms\ Ah≥ sNbvX {]h¿Øn-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-
Øn¬ in£n-®n√ ˛ Xs‚ kz¥w ]m]w F√m-h-cp-tSbpw
a\- n¬ At∏m-gp-ap-f-f-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw Hcp ]s£
Aßs\ sNøm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv.
Ahs‚ I¿Ø-hysØ Ipdn®p Ah≥ t_m[-hm-\m-
bn-cp∂p, ]t£ Ahs‚ ssIIƒ sI´-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. F¥p-
sIm-s≠-∂m¬, a\-]q¿∆-ap-ff ]m]w \ΩpsS [m¿ΩnI
kzmX{¥yhpw {]kw-KØ
- n\pw km£y-Øn-\p-ap-ff kzmX-
{¥yhpw \Ωn¬ \n∂pw A-]-l-cn-°p∂p (kv{In]vN¿
bqWn-bs‚ ssZ\w Zn\ Ipdn-∏n¬ \n∂v)
Aavt\m≥ Xs‚ BZy-Pm-X-\m-bn-cp∂p (1 Zn\. 3:1)
AXp-sIm≠p Xt∂ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Xs‚ knwlm-k-
\-Øns‚ A\-¥-cm-h-Im-inbpw Ah-\m-bn-cp∂p F∂
hkvXp-Xbpw Zmho-Zns\ kzm[o-\n-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.
13:22-˛29 {]Xn-Im-c-Øn-\p-ff Xs‚ ka-b-Øn-\mbn
A_vimtemw ImØn-cp-∂p. AXp-c≠p kwh-’cw Ign-
™-ti-j-amWv h∂-Xv. F√m-bvt∏mgpw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xp-
t]m-se, s_tY-en\p kao]w BSp-Isf tcmaw I{Xn-
°p∂ Hcp ASn-b¥ - c
- Ø
- n\p ]≤-Xn-bn-´p. A_vitemans‚
XnSp-°Ø - n-ef - f £Ww aqew Xs‚ ]nXm-hns\ BI¿jn-
°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-√. AXns‚ ImcWw Xs‚ aIs‚ Aan-
X-Nn-ehv Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥ ZmhoZv B{K-ln-®X - p-sIm-≠m-Imw.
F∂m¬ cmP-Ip-am-c-∑m-sc-sbm-t°-bpw, {]tXy-Im¬ hcm-
Xn-cn-°p∂ ]nXm-hns\ aqØ-]p-{X-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ {]Xn-
\n- [ o- I - c n®p sIm≠v Aav t \m- t \bpw sIm≠p- t ]m-
Ip∂Xn¬ Xm≥ hnP-bn-®p. ap≥Iq´n \evI-s∏´ Hcp AS-
bm-f-{]-Im-cw, A_vi-tem-ans‚ _mey-°m¿ Aavt\ms\
sIm∂p. _m°n-bp-ff cmP-Ip-am-c-∑m¿ ]cn-{`m-¥-cmbn
Xncn®p sbcp-i-te-an-te°p HmSn-t∏m-bn.
13:30- ˛ 36 A_v i mtemw Xs‚ ]p{X- ∑ mscsb√mw
sIm∂p-I-f-™p-sh-∂p-ff hm¿Ø Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬
Xs∂ ZmhoZns‚ ASp-°¬ FØn! Aßs\ ZmhoZv
ho≠pw ZpxJ-Øn-e-an-gvØ-s∏-´p. At∏mƒ, Aavt\m≥
am{Xta sIm√-s∏-´p-ffq F∂pw Xma¿ A]-am-\n-°-s∏´
B Znhkw apX¬ Ahs‚ acWw A_vimtemw Btem-
Nn®p Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂-Xm-sW-∂p-ap-ff Adn-bn-t∏msS
tbm\m-Zm_v B sX‰mb hm¿Ø Xncp-Øn. Aev]-k-a-b-
Øn-\p-f-fn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ ]p{X-∑m¿, Ah¿ Ct∏mgpw Pohn-
®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ff tbm\m-Zm-_ns‚ hm¿Øsb ÿnco-
I-cn-®p-sIm≠v henb hnem-]-tØmsS sbcp-i-te-an¬ aS-
ßn-sb-Øn.
13:37-˛39 A_vim-temw, Xs‚ amXmhv Xma-kn-®n-cp-
∂Xpw Xs‚ amXm-a-l≥ X¬ambn cmPm-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂-
 2 iap-th¬ 14
Xp-amb Acm-ay-bnse sKiq-cn-te°p Poh-c£ - ° - mbn HmSn-
t∏m-bn. aq∂p kwh-’cw A_vimtemw sKiq-cn¬
]m¿Øp. Aavt\m≥ A_vim-tem-an-t\-°mƒ aqØ-Xm-bn-
cp-∂p. Xs‚ acWw hsc knwlm-k-\-Øns‚ A\-¥-cm-
h- I min Xm\m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Aav t \m≥ acn- ® - X psIm≠v
knwlm-k-\-Øn-t∑¬, A_vim-tem-an\p Xt‚-Xmb Nne
kz]v\-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Imew IS-∂p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ
Aav t \ms‚ ac- W - k w- _ - ‘ - a mb Zmho- Z ns‚ ZpxJw
Ipd™p. Aßs\ Ah≥ A_vim-tem-ans\ ImWp-hm≥
hm©n-®p.
C. A_vim-tem-ans‚ sbcp-i-te-an-te-°p-ff aS-
ßn-h-chv (A.14)
14:1 A_vimtemw sbcp-i-te-an-te°p aSßn hcp-sa-
∂p-ff cmPm-hns‚ AXn-bmb B{Klw tbmhm_v a\-
 n-em-°n. F∂m¬ A_vimtemw sIme-]m-XI kw_-
‘-ambn Ip‰-°m-c-\m-sW∂pw acW in£°p tbmKy-
\m-sW∂pw P\-Øn-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
s]mXp-P-\-Øns‚ hnk-ΩXw t]Sn®v A_vim-tem-ans\
aS-°n-s°m-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\v ZmhoZv aSn-®p.
14:2˛7 AXp-sIm-≠v, Zmho-Zns‚ IpSpw_ ]›m-Ø-
e-Øn\p kam-\-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-ep-ff sXs°mh (t_-
Xvet- l-an\p kao-]w)°mcn-bmb Hcp kv{Xosb tbmhm_v
Zmho-Zn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ Ab-®p. Ahƒ hfsc ZpxJ-Øn-em-
bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂`- n-\b
- n-®p-sIm-≠v, Xs‚ ]p{X-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-
h≥ a‰-hs\ sIm∂-sX-ß-s\-sb∂p Ah-t\mSp hnh-cn-
®p. Ct∏mƒ Ah-fpsS Ipew apgp-h≥ Ah-fpsS GI
A\-¥-cm-h-Im-in-bpsS acWw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.
Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ Xs‚ IpSpw-_-t∏cv `qan-bn¬ \n∂pw
]q¿Æ-ambn XpS®p-am-‰-s∏Spw.
14:8˛13 `h-\-Øn-te°p aS-ßn-t∏mbn adp-]Snbv°mbn
ImØn-cn-°p-hm≥ BZyw cmPmhv AhtfmSp ]d-™p.
sIme-]m-X-Is\ Ip‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°p∂ sX‰v Hgn-hm-°p-
hm≥ B{K-ln-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw Hcp-]s£ Aßs\
sNbvXX - v. F∂m¬ DS-\S- n-bp-ff Hcp adp-]Sn Ahƒ Bh-
iy-s∏-´p. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ am{Xta Zmho-Zns‚ kz¥w
A`n-{]m-b-{]-Im-cw Xt∂ Ahƒ°v Ahs\ sIWn-bn-
em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-f-fp. cmPm-hns‚ Xocp-am-\-
Øn-ep-≠m-tb-°m-hp∂ GXp Ip‰hpw Xm≥ G‰p-sIm-≈m-
sa∂v Ahƒ ]d-™p. At∏mƒ Ah-ƒ°p kpc-£n-XXzw
hmKvZm\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠p-ff as‰mcp s]mXp {]kvXm-
h\ ZmhoZv cmPmhv \S-Øn. F∂m¬ Xs‚ aI≥ sIm√-
s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂p-ff Dd∏p \evI-W-sa∂v kv]jvS-ambn
Ahƒ Ah- t \mSp tNmZn- ® p. Aßs\ sNøm- s a∂v
Ah≥ hm°p sImSp-Ø-t∏mƒ, Ahƒ Ahs\ Xs‚
Xs∂ hm°n-\m¬ Ipcp-°n. Ah-fpsS ]p{X-t\mSp cmPm-
hn\p £an-°m-sa-¶n¬, F¥p-sIm≠v {`jvS-\m-°-s∏´
Xs‚ kz¥w ]p{X≥ A_vim-tem-ans\ aS°n hcp-Øn-
°qSm?
Ir{Xn- a - a m- b - ` n- \ - b n® B kv { XobpsS Ahÿ
GXm≠p Zmho-Zn-t‚-Xn-t\mSp kam-\a - m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp aI≥
335
sIm√-s∏-´p, AXn\p ]Icw ho´p-hm≥ Ip‰-°m-c-\m-b-
hs‚ acWw {]Xn-Im-c-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ _‘p-°ƒ Bh-
iy-s∏-Sp∂p (hm.7). Zmho-Zns‚ Xocp-am\w Zb-tbm-Sp-Iq-
Sn-bX
- m-bn-cp-∂p. a≤y-]q¿∆ tZi-ßf - n¬ ]e Xe-ap-dI - f- mbn
XpS¿∂p hcp-∂Xpw km[m-c-W-bmbn ]e-t∏mgpw ImW-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-amb c‡-{]-Xn-Im-c-Is\ AXn¬ \n∂pw XS-
™p. F∂m¬ B kv{Xo, Xm≥ ]d™ IY Zmho-Zn-
t\mSpw A_v i m- t em- a n- t \mSpw _‘- s ∏- S p- Ø p- h m≥
kΩ¿±w sNep-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Aßs\ \mYm-\m¬
F∂-t]mse ZmhoZv ho≠pw Xs‚ kz¥w [m¿ΩnI
⁄m\-Øns‚ he-bn¬ ]nSn-°-s∏-´p. `b-N-In-X-\mbn
HmSn-t∏mb A_vim-tem-an\p kwc-£Ww \evIn Ahs\
hos≠-Sp-°p-hm≥ Xm≥ _m≤y-ÿ\ - m-bn-cp∂p (kv{In-]Nv ¿
bqWn-bs‚ ssZ\w Zn\ Ipdn-∏n¬ \n∂v).
14:14 \neØp Hgn®p If-™- sh-ffw t]mse, Ign™
ImeØv \S-∂Xv (A-Xm-bXv Aavt\ms‚ ac-Ww) ho≠pw
tN¿°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-ØX - p-sIm-≠v, ]ns∂ F¥n\p AXp
Xma-kn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂v {]I-Sa - mb \ne-bn¬ A¿∞-am-°n-
s°m≠v B kv{Xo \n¿t±-in-®p. Xs∂-bp-a-√. \o´n-
s°m≠p t]mIp∂ Hcp hg-°n-\m¬ ]mgm-°n-I-f-bp-hm≥
Pohn-X\- mƒ hfsc Npcp-°a - mWv F∂pw AXp-sIm-≠¿∞-
am-°mw.(18) (Zmho-Zn\p \√-hÆw Adn-bm-hp-∂Xp t]mse)
A]-cm-[n-bmb ssZhw DS-\Sn \in-∏n-°-bn-√. adn®v ]m]n-
tbmSp £an®v Ahs\ ]p\-cp-≤c - n-°p-hm-\p-ff am¿§-߃
Nn¥n-°p-∂p. ssZhw Cu \ne-bn-emWv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-
sX-¶n¬, F¥p-sIm≠v Hcp cmPm-hn\pw A{]-Imcw
sNbvXp-IqSm?
14:15-˛23 A{]-Imcw ssZh-Øn-t‚-Xp-t]msebpff
ImcpWyw {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠mWv Xm≥ cmPm-hns‚ ASp-
°¬ h∂-sX∂v kv{Xo ]d-™p. Xs‚ kz¥ ]p{X-t\m-
Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ AXp t\Sn-sb-SpØ Ahƒ Ct∏mƒ
cmPm-hns‚ aI-\p-th≠n bmNn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu
]≤Xn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXXv tbmhm_v Bbn-cn-°p-
sa∂v cmPmhv kwi-bn®p; B kv{Xo AXp Xpd∂p kΩ-
Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Imcy-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬
Ai-‡-\m-bn-Øo¿∂ ZmhoZv cmPmhv A_vimtemw am\-
km- ¥ - c - s ∏- ´ n√ F∂p- f f hkv X pX hI- h - b v ° msX
Ahs\ sbcp-i-te-an-te°v aS-°p-s°m-≠p-h-cp-hm≥
tbmhm-_nt\mSp Iev]n-®p. Zmho-Zns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw C{]-Imcw sNøp-∂Xv IqSp-X¬ A\o-Xn-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. AXn\p Xm≥ Atß-b‰w apX¬ apS-t°-≠-Xm-bn-
cp-∂p.
14:24-˛33 Xs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ IS-∂p-sN-
√p-hm≥ A\p-hm-Z-an-√m-Ø-h-\mbn c≠p h¿jw apgp-h≥
A_vimtemw sbcp-i-te-an¬ ]m¿Øp. (kzm-`m-hn-I-amb
Xs‚ kuµ-cyhpw CS-Xq¿∂p hf-cp∂ Xs‚ apSn-bp-am-
bn-cp∂p bn{km-tb¬ P\-Øns‚ a\w Ih-cp-hm≥ Xs∂
klm-bn-®n-cp∂ LS-I-ß-fmbn ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-
´n-´p-ff
- X
- v). c≠p h¿j-߃°p tijw, cmPm-hns\ ImWp-
hm-\p-ff A\p-hm-Z-Øn-\p-th≠n tbmhm-_p-ambn _‘-
s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ah≥ {ian-®p. F∂m¬ c≠p {]mhniyw {ian-
®n´pw tbmhm_v hcp-hm≥ Iq´m-°n-bn-√. At∏mƒ bhw
336
hnf- ™ p- I n- S - ° p∂ Ahs‚ \new Np´p- I - f - b p- h m≥
A_vimtemw Iev]n-®p. CXv tbmhm-_ns\ s]´∂v Xs‚
hmXn¬°¬ FØn®p! Xs‚ ]nXm-hp-am-bp-ff IqSn-°m-
gvN, A_vim-tem-ans‚ A`y¿∞\ {]Imcw A\p-h-Zn-°p-
I-bpw, Aßs\ Ah-cn-cp-hcpw ho≠pw H∂n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Ct∏mƒ, Xmam¿ _em¬°mcw sNø-s∏-´n´v Ggp
h¿j-hpw, Aavt\m≥ sIm√-s∏-´n´v A©p-h¿jhpw Ign-
™n-cp-∂p. A©p h¿j-am-bn´v A_vimtemw Xs‚ ]nXm-
hns\ I≠n-cp-∂n√. ZmhoZv X\n°v h[-in£ hn[n-°m-
sX, Xt∂mSp £an®v bcp-i-te-an-te°v Xs∂ Iq´n-s°m-
≠p-h∂p F¶n-epw, kw`-hn-®-sXm-s°bpw ad-°p-hm≥
Ah≥ Iq´m-°n-bn-√. F∂m¬ Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw H∂n®p
I≠-t∏mƒ, ]q¿Æ-amb Hcp am∏v A_vim-tem-an\p e`n-
®p. Xs‚ ]nXmhv Xt∂mSp ImWn® Xm¬∏cyw apX-em-
°n-s°m-≠v, Hcp hnπhw kam-cw-`n-°p-hm-\p-ff ASn-Ø-d-
bmbn AXns\ D]-tbm-Kn®p (A.15-˛18). ZmhoZv Xs‚
]p{Xs\ sIm√msX Ah-t\mSp Zb ImWn-®p. F∂m¬
AXn\p ]I- c - a m- b n, Xs‚ ]nXm- h ns‚ acWw
A_vimtemw a\- n¬ Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp. B Imcy-
ß-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬, Zmho-Zn-t‚bpw ASp-Ø-Xmbn
cmPm-hm-Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ A_vit- em-an-t‚bpw XmXv]cyw
Hcp-t]mse ]nSn®p ]‰p-hm≥ X°-h-Æ-ap-f-f-Xm-bn-cp∂p
tbmhm-_ns‚ sNbvXn-Iƒ.
D. A_vim-tem-ans‚ cmPy hnπ-hhpw Zmho-
Zns‚ HmSn-t∏m°pw (15:1˛18)
15:1˛6 cmPm-hm-Ip-hm-\p-ff Xs‚ B{Klw Cu kabw
hsc A_vimtemw aqSn-h-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ
lrZb lmcn-bmb ]cn-hm-cß - t- fm-sSm-∏a
- mWv Ah≥ bm{X
sNøp-∂-Xv. IqSmsX Ah≥ `b-c-ln-X-\mbn ]´-W-hm-
Xn¬°¬ (\n-b-a-]-c-ambn hnj-b-߃ ]cn-l-cn-®n-cp∂
ÿew) sN∂v, P\-ß-fpsS t£a-Øn¬ hmkvX-h-ambn
XmXv]-cy-ap-ff Hcp-h≥ bn{km-tb-en¬ Xm≥ am{X-ta-bp-
ffq F∂ `mh-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \ymb-
amb \nb-a-k-lm-b-߃ sNbvXp sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-ep-ff
Xs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ ]cm-P-bsØ Ipdn®p Ah≥ {]mtbm-
Kn-I-ambn Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw, Xm≥ cmPm-hm-bn-cp-s∂-
¶n¬, P\-߃°v Ah¿ A¿ln-°p∂ \ymbw e`n-°p-am-
bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. bn{km-tb-ens‚ ]e
]´-Wß - f- n¬ \n∂p-ap-ff P\-Øns‚ {]oXn Ah≥ kºm-
Zn-®p.
15:7˛12 \mep kwh-’cw Ign-™-t∏mƒ(19) (sk]v‰z-
Pn-s‚, kpdnbm-\n, tPmko-^-kv, am¿Pn≥ F∂nh A\p-
k-cn-®v) slt{_m-\n-te°p t]mIp-hm≥ A_vim-tem-an\v
A\p-aXn e`n-®p; {]Xy-£-Øn¬, Xm≥ cmPy-{`-jvS-\m-°-
s∏-´-t∏mƒ t\¿∂ Hcp t\¿® Ign-∏m-\m-bn-cp∂p t]mb-
Xv. ZmhoZpw Xs‚ Xe-ÿm\w AhnsS \n∂pw sbcp-i-
te-an-te°v am‰n-b-Xp-sIm≠v slt{_m≥, Akw-Xr-]vXn-
bn-em-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs∂-bp-a√
A_vim-tem-ans‚ P∑-ÿ-e-am-bn-cp∂p slt{_m≥.
kzbw cmPm-hmbn {]Jym-]n®p sIm≠v, ]pXn-tbmcp `c-
2 iap-th¬ 15
W-IqSw {Iao-Ic- n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p A_vim-tem-ans‚
bYm¿∞ e£y-sa∂v Xs∂ AI-ºSn tkhn® Ccp-\qdp
t]¿°p-t]mepw Adn-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p! Zmho-Zns‚ \nb-tam-
]-tZ-jvSm-°-fn¬ Hcp-h\pw t_Xvti-_-bpsS ]nXm-a-l-
\mb Alo-tYm-s^¬ (11:3, 23:34 ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-
I). A_vim-tem-ans‚ ]£-tØ°v Iqdp-am-dn. IqSmsX
knwlm-k\w ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-hm-\p-ff Ahs‚ Iq´p-sI-´n¬
P\-Øn¬ At\Iw t]¿ Ah-t\mSp tN¿∂p. Hcp ]s£
Xs‚ sIm®p-a-°-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ZmhoZv sNbvX
]m]w \nanØw Cu Imcy-Øn¬ hnPbw Alo-tYm-
t^epw B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.
15:13-˛18 Cu hm¿Ø-Iƒ tI´ Zmho-Zv, AXns‚ Kpcp-
X-cm-hÿ a\- n-em-°n, bcp-itew Dt]-£n®p DS-\Sn
Xs‚ Krl-tØm-sSm∏w ]´-W-Øns‚ {]m¥ {]tZ-i-ß-
fn-te°p HmSn-t∏m-bn. F∂m¬ cmP-[m\n kq£n-∏m≥
cmPmhv ]Øv sh∏m-´n-Isf AhnsS Xma-kn-∏n-®p.
E. Zmho-Zns‚ kvt\ln-X-∑mcpw i{Xp-°fpw
(15:19-˛16:14)
15:19-˛22 Zmho-Zn-t\mSp IqsS t]mb-h-cn¬ Hcp Iq´-am-
fp-Iƒ KØv hn´p Xt∂m-sSm∏w t]m∂ s^en-kvXy-cm-
bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Hcp-h-\m-bn-cp∂ KnXy-\mb C∞m-bn.
Ah\pw Xt∂m-Sp-IqsS t]mcp-hm≥ Hcp-ßn-b-t∏mƒ, aS-
ßn-t∏m-Ip-hm≥ cmPmhv Ah-t\m-S-t]-£n-®p. Ah-s\mcp
blq-Z-\-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ \mSp-I-S-Ø-s∏´ Hcp-h-\m-bn-
cp∂p; ssk\y-Øn¬ ASp-Ø-bnsS tN¿∂-tX-bp-≠m-bn-
cp-∂p-ffq; IqSmsX Zmho-Zns‚ t{]cW N©-e-kz-`m-h-
°msc ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°-Ø-°-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-´p-t]mepw
C∞mbn ]n∑m-dn-bn-√. Ah≥ ZrV-\n-›-b-tØmsS cmPm-
hns\ A\p-[m-h\w sNøp-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. AXns‚
\jvSw F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw kmc-an√ F∂-h≥ Icp-Xn.
Ah-t\bpw Xs∂ A\p-Ka - n-°p∂ a‰p-ff
- h
- t- cbpw Xt∂m-
Sp-IqsS t]mcp-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm≠v ZmhoZv PmXo-b-
\mb Cu a\p-jys‚ hniz-kvX-Xbv°v {]Xn-^ew \evIn.-
b-P-am-\-\mb cmPmhv FhnsS Ccn-°p-∂p-thm, Ahn-sS-
Ø-s∂, ac-Wtam Poht\m F¥p-h-∂mepw ASn-b\pw
Ccn°pw F∂p C∞mbn ]d-™p. C∞m-bnbv°p Xs‚
Df-fn¬ Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp∂ `‡n F{X-am-{X-am-bn-
cp∂pthm, A{X-am{Xw `‡n hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Xß-fpsS
cmPm-[n-cm-P-t\m-Sv, Ah≥ Gh-cmepw Xf-f-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ
D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.
15:23 Ah≥ sbcp-i-te-an\p Ing-°p-ff Int{Zm≥
tXmSp IS-∂v, tbm¿±m≥ Xmgvhc e£y-am°n apt∂m´p
\oßn. GI-tZiw Bbncw h¿j-߃°p-tijw kzbw
Xnc-kvI-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp cmPm-hmbn, Zmho-Zns‚ AXn-
t{ijvT ]p{X≥ Cu Ime-Sn-Isf ]n¥p-Scpw (tbml 18:1).
ZmhoZv Xs‚ Pohs\ c£n-∏m-\m-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p Int{Zm≥
tXmSp IS∂v HmSn-t∏m-b-Xv. F∂m¬ tbip At\-I¿°p-
th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\ adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m≥ t]mIp-
tºm-gm-bn-cp∂p Int{Zm≥ tXmSp-I-S∂v KXvsi-a-\-bn¬
{]m¿∞n-®-Xv.
 2 iap-th¬ 15,16,17
15:24-˛29 cmPy-{`jvS\m-°s
- ∏´ Zmho-Zns\ A\p-Ka
- n-°p-
hm≥ B{K-ln-®p-sIm≠v ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cmb kmtZm°pw
A_ym-Ymcpw s]´-I-hp-ambn ]´-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw h∂p.
F∂m¬ btlmh Xs∂ aS-°n-h-cp-Øp-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p
]d™v ZmhoZv Ahsc aS°n Ab-®p. Xs∂-bp-a√ sbcp-
i-te-an¬ Xs∂ Bbn-cp-∂m¬ Xs∂ IqSp-X¬ klm-
bn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bp-sa∂pw ZmhoZv B ]ptcm-
ln-X-∑m-tcmSp ]d-™p. (A-_vim-tem-ans‚ Bfp-I-fp-sS-
bn-S-bn¬ \n∂pw cmPysØ h¿Ø-am-\-߃ Zmho-Zns\
Adn-bn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bp-sa-∂¿∞w). A_vim-
tem-ans‚ cmPy-hn-πh h¿Ø-am\w Ah-cn¬\n∂pw In´pw
hsc Xm≥ tbm¿±ms‚ ]Sn-™msd Xocw-hsc sN∂v
AhnsS Xma-kn-°p-sa∂pw ZmhoZv Ahsc Adn-bn-®p.
\n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w cmPy-{`-jvS-\m-°-s∏´ ZmhoZv Xs‚
Ah-ÿb - n¬ ]cn-X] - n-°m-sX, ssZhw A\p-hZ- n-°p-∂s
- X-
t¥m-AXp \S-°p-hm≥ hn\-b-]q¿∆w Xs∂-Xs∂ ssZh-
k-∂n-[n-bn¬ ka¿∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p 3˛mw k¶o¿Ø\w
AXns‚ Xe-s°-´-\p-k-cn®v Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ cNn-°-
s∏-´X
- m-bn-cp-∂p. henb sImSp-¶m‰v Ah\p t\sc B™-
Sn® kµ¿`-Ønepw btlm-h-bn-¶-ep-ff Xs‚ B{i-b-
Øn\p bmsXmcp Ipep-°-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Cu
k¶o¿Ø-\-Øn¬ \ap°p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p.
15:30-˛37 Alo-tYm-s^¬ A_vi-tem-an\p \evIp∂
GsXmcp Btem-N-\bpw ssZhw A_-≤-am-°p-sa∂p
{]m¿∞n®psIm≠v henb Ic-®n-tem-Sp-IqsS ZmhoZv hniz-
kvX-cmb Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-tfm-sSm∏w Hen-hp-a-e-bpsS
Ib‰w Ib-dn. Hen-hp-ae apI-fn¬ FØnb ZmhoZv A¿Jy-
\mb lqim-bnsb I≠p-ap-´n. bcp-ti-te-an-te°p aS-ßn-
s®∂v A_vk-tem-ans‚ hniz-ÿ-Zm-k-\mbn A`n-\-bn-
°p-hm≥ ZmhoZv Ah-t\mSp ]d-™p. Cu hn[-Øn¬
{]h¿Øn-®m¬, Alo-tYm-s^¬ \evIp∂ D]-tZ-i-߃
\njv^e - a- m-°p-hm≥ X\n°p Ign-bp-sa∂v ZmhoZv Ahs\
D]-tZ-in-®p. {][m-\-s∏´ hm¿Ø-Iƒ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cmb
kmtZm-°v, A_ym-Ym¿ F∂n-h¿°p ssIam-dp-hm≥
X\n°p Ign-bpw, Ah¿ Xß-fpsS c≠p ]p{X-∑m¿ aptJ\
AXp Zmho-Zns\ Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. A_vimtemw
`c-W-Np-a-Xe Gs‰-Sp-°p-hm≥ sbcp-i-te-an¬ FØnb
Ah-k-c-Øn¬, lqim-bnbpw AhnsS FØn-t®¿∂p.
16:1˛4 ZmhoZpw Iq´cpw Hen-hp-ae IS∂p Ipsd A∏pdw
sN∂-t∏mƒ, sa^o-t_m-ti-Øns‚ `rXy-\mb ko_ hf-
sc-b-[nIw `£-W-km-[-\-ßfpw, ho™p AtXm-sSm∏w
c≠p Igp-X-bp-ambn cmPm-hn-s‚-b-Sp-sØ-Øn. ZmhoZv
sa^o- t _m- t i- Ø ns\ Ipdn- ® - h - t \m- S - t \z- j n- ® - t ∏mƒ,
bn{km-tb-ens‚ cmPXzw iuens‚ Krl-Øn\v XncnsI
e`n-°p-sa-∂pw,- A-ßs\ Inco-Sm-h-Im-in-bmb X\n-°-Xp-
e-`n-°p-sa∂pw hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v tbm\m-Yms‚ aI≥
sbcp-it- e-an¬ ]m¿°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ff sX‰mb hnhcw (19:27
t\m°p-I) ko_ cmPm-hns\ Adn-bn-®p. Cu I≈w
hnizm-kn® cmPmhv, sa^o-t_m-ti-Øns‚ kzØv ko_-
bv°p-f-f-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-™p.
337
16:5˛14 sbco-tlm-hn-te-°p-ff am¿§-a-t≤y, _lq-co-
an¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ iuens‚ Krl-Øn-ep-ff inabn
F∂p t]cmb Hcp-h≥ h∂v, iu¬Kr-l-Øns‚ c‡w
kw_-‘n-®p-ff Ip‰-am-tcm-]n-®p-sIm≠v Zmho-Zns\ \nµy-
amb \ne-bn¬ i]n-®p. At∏mƒ Zmho-Zns‚ tNh-I-cn¬
Hcp-h-\mb A_o-im-bn, B \nan-j-Øn¬ Xs∂ Ahs\
sIm∂p-I-f-bp-hm≥ A\p-hmZw tNmZn-®p, F∂m¬ ZmhoZv
AXn\p kΩ-Xn-®n-√. i]n-°p-hm≥ btlmh Ah-t\mSp
Iev]n-®n-´p-≠mhpw F∂m¬ Xm≥ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv.
Fs¥m-s°-bm-bmepw Xs‚ kz¥-]p-{X-\mb A_vim-
tem- a n- t \- ° mƒ X\n°p {]mW- l m\n hcp- Ø p- h m≥
iuens‚ Krl-Øn-ep-ff Hcp-h\v aXn-bmb Imc-W-ap≠v
F∂p Xm≥ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p. Xs∂-bp-a√, Hcp ]s£
Ducn-bm-hns‚ acWw Hm¿Ø Zmho-Zv, ina-bn-bpsS Ip‰-
s∏-Sp-Øe - p-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw ASn-ÿm-\c - l
- n-Xa
- √
- m-sb∂p
a\- n-em-°n. IqSmsX ina-bn-bpsS AXn-bmb sshcw
Xt∂mSp Icp-W-Im-Wn-°-Ø-°-hÆw ssZhsØ Nen-
∏n-t®-°p-sa∂pw ZmhoZv B{K-ln-®p. ZmhoZpw Ahs‚
Bfp-Ifpw tbm¿±m-¶t- e°p \oßn-bt- ∏mƒ inabn Ahsc
i]n®p sIm≠v I√pw ]qgnbpw hmcn Fdn-™v Ahsc
]n¥p-S¿∂p. HSp-hn¬, cmPy-{`-jvS\ - m-°s
- ∏´ B cmPmhpw
kwLhpw \Zn-°-c-sbØn AhnsS Biz-kn-®p.
F. A_vim-tem-ans‚ \nb-tam-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m¿
(16:15˛17:23)
16:15-˛19 A_vimtemw FØn-t®-¿∂ sbcp-i-te-amWv
Ct∏m-gsØ cwKw. A_vimtemant\m-Sp-ff Xs‚ Iqdv
lqimbn hfsc Kw`o-ca - mbn Ah-Xc
- n-∏n-®p. BZyw Ahs\
kwi-bn-s®-¶n-epw, `c-Wm-[n-Imcw ssI°-em-°nb B
cmPmhv Ahs\ AwKo-I-cn-®p.
16:20-˛23 ZmhoZv sbcp-i-te-an¬ ]m¿∏n-®n-cp∂ ]Øp-
sh-∏m-´n-I-fpsS ASp-°-te°p t]mIp-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p
A_vim-tem-an-t\m-Sp-ff Alo-tYm-t^-ens‚ BZysØ
D]-tZ-iw. Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ]d-™-dn-bn-°m-
\m-hmØ hn[w A[n-t£-]-am-bn-cn-°p∂ AØ-csamcp
\oN {]hrØn {]Xn-tj-[Ø - n\p Imc-Wa - m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw
Aßs\ knwlm-k-\-Øn\v t\cn´v Ah-Imiw ÿm]n-
°p-Ibpw sNømw. B D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v F√m
bn{km-tbepw Im¨sI A_vimtemw cmPm-hns‚ A¥x-
]p-cØ
- n-te°p t]mbn. Aßs\ \mYm≥ {]h-Nn-®Xv \nhr-
Øn-bm-bn.(12:11,12)
A°m- e Øv Alo- t Ym- t ^- e ns‚ D]- t Ziw
hfscb[nIw BZ-cn-°s - ∏-´n-cp-∂p. Xs‚ ]nXmhv sNbvXp-
h-∂n-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse A_vim-temapw tNmZyw sNømsX
AXp \nh¿Øn®p-t]m-∂p. F∂m¬ t_Xvti-_-bpsS
]nXm-a-l-\mbncp∂p Alo-tYm-t^¬ F∂ Imcyw \mw
Hm¿°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Xs‚ {]tXy-I-amb Hmtcm D]-tZ-
ihpw {]Xn-Imcw B{K-ln-®p-sIm-≠p-ff - X
- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p
\ap°v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
17:1˛4 Xs‚ BZysØ Btem-N-\-bn¬ hnP-bn®
Alo-tYm-t^¬, ASp-ØX
- m-bn, ]¥o-cmbncw t]sc Iq´n-
t®¿Øp Zmho-Zns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂p A{]-Xo-£n-X-ambn
338 2 iap-th¬ 17,18
Ahs\ B{I-an®p sIm∂ tijw Ahs‚ A\p-bm-bn-
Isf sbcp- i - t e- a n- t e°p aS- ° n- s °m- ≠ p- h - c p- h m≥
A_vim-tem-ans\ D]-tZ-in-®p.
17:5˛14 A_m-im-tem-an\p A°mcyw CjvS-s∏-´p,
F¶nepw lqim-bnsb hnfn®p Ahs‚ Btem-N\ IqSn
tIƒ°p-hm≥ Xm≥ XmXv]-cy-s∏-´p. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn\p
th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p lqimbn ImØn-cp-∂X - v. Alo-tYm-t^-
ens‚ C{]-hn-iysØ Btem-N\ \∂√ F∂p Ah≥
]d-™p. F¥m-bn-cp-∂m-epw, ZmhoZpw Xs‚ Bfp-Ifpw
Cu {]t£m]w ImcWw Ip]n-Xc - m-bn-cn-°p-Ib- m-bX
- n-\m¬,
Ah¿ AXyp-{K-ambn t]mcm-Spw. Xs∂-bp-a√ Xs‚ kwL-
tØm-sSm∏w cm]m¿°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ ZmhoZv AXn-_p-
≤n-am-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p; Ah≥ GsX-¶nepw Kpl-bn¬ Hfn-
®n-cn-°b- m-hpw. Alo-tYm-t^-ens‚ BZysØ B{I-aWw
]cm-P-b-Øn¬ Iem-in-®m¬, tZ-iØmIam\w ]cn-{`m¥n
]S-cp-Ibpw A_vim-tem-ans‚ {]hrØnIƒ hy¿∞-am-
bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. hyXn-cn-‡-amb Hcp ]≤-Xn-bm-
bn-cp∂p lqim-bn-bp-tS-Xv. A_vim-tem-an-t\m-Sp-ff Xs‚
Iqdv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p AsX∂p tXm∂p-sa-¶n-
epw, hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Zmho-Zn\p c£-s]-Sp-hm≥ IqSp-X¬
kabw A\p-hZ- n-°p-∂Xpw A_vim-tem-ans‚ ac-WØ - n\p
km≤y-X-bp-f-f-Xp-amb Hcp Btem-N-\-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.
A_vim-tem-an-\m¬ \bn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂, bn{km-tb¬ ssk\y-
Øns‚ samØ-Øn-ep-ff Hcp ]S-sbm-cp-°-amWv Xm≥
\n¿t±-in-®-Xv. A{]-Im-c-ap-ff Hcp ssk\yw Iog-S-°-s∏-
Sm-Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. ZmhoZv B{I-an-°-s∏-Spw, c£-s∏-Sp-
hm≥ B¿°pw Hcp hn[-Ønepw km≤y-a-√. lqim-bn-
bpsS ]≤Xn \√-Xm-sW∂p \n›-bn® A_vimtemw
ZmhoZv {]m¿∞n® {]Imcw (15:31) Alo-tYm-t^-ens‚
Btem-N\ X≈n-°-f-™p.
17:15-˛17 lqimbn Cu hnhcw DS-\Sn ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-
cmb kmtZm-°n-t\bpw A_ym-Ym-tcbpw Adn-bn-°p-Ib - pw,
tbm¿±m≥ IS∂p kpc-£n-X-ÿm-\-tØ°p c£-s∏-´p-
sIm-ff- p-hm≥ Zmho-Zn-t\mSp ]d-bW
- s
- a∂v Ah-tcmSv \n¿t±-
in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ Cu h¿Ø-am\w
Hcp the-°mcn aptJ-\, ]´-W-Øns‚ {]m¥{]tZ-i-amb
G≥-˛-tcm-sK-en¬ ImØp \n∂n-cp∂ Xß-fpsS ]p{X-
∑msc Adn-bn-®p.
17:18-˛22 F∂m¬ Cu clky kwKaw Hcp _mey-
°m-c≥ I≠n-´v, Cu Nmc-{]-hr-Øn-sb-°p-dn®v A_vim-
tem-ans\ Adn-bn-®p. AX-\p-k-cn®v Xnc™p-h∂ Bfp-
Iƒ IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc, ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS ]p{X-
∑m-cmb tbm\m-Ym\pw Alo-amkpw s_lq-co-an-ep-ff
Hcp InW-‰n¬ (D-W-ßnb sh≈-sØm-´n) Hfn-®n-cp-∂p.
AXn-\p-tijw c£-s∏´ Ah¿ Cu hnhcw Zmho-Zns\
Adn-bn-®p. {]Ir-Xym-bp-ff Cu XS w (tbm¿±m≥ \Zn),
Xs‚ ssk\y-Øn\pw A_vim-tem-ans‚ ssk\y-Øn\pw
at≤y h®p-sIm≠v ZmhoZv tbm¿±m≥ IS-∂p. A\-¥cw
Knse-bmZv tZisØ Hcp ]´-W-amb al-\o-b-an-te°v
ZmhoZv \oßn.
17:23 Xs‚ D]-tZiw X≈n-°-f-™Xp-sIm≠v Alo-
tYm-t^¬ hnj-Æ-\mbn Xo¿∂p. ImcWw ZmhoZv hnP-
bn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂p-ff Ah-t_m[w Ah-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
ho´n-te°v aS-ßn-s®∂ Ah≥, Xs‚ ho´p-Imcyw {Ia-
s∏-Sp-Ønb tijw sI´n Rm∂p acn-®p. Pohn-X-Ønepw
ac-W-Ønepw Ah≥ bqZm Ckv°-cn-tbm-Øns‚ Hcp
kmZriyw Bbn-cp-∂p.
G. A_vim-tem-ans‚ ac-Whpw Zmho-Zns‚ hnem-
]hpw (17:24-˛19:8)
17:24-˛26 Aam-ksb tk\m-[n-]-Xn-bmbn \nb-an®p
sIm≠p-ff Xs‚ ssk\ytØmsSm∏w A_vimtemw
Zmho-Zns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂p. Knse-bm-Zn-te°p t]mIp-hm≥
tbm¿±m≥ IS-∂p. Aam-k-bpsS A∏≥ P∑w sIm≠v
Hcp bnkvam-tb-ey≥ Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw (1 Zn\.2:17) aX-
]-c-ambn Hcp bn{km-tb-ey-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ Zmho-Zns‚
A\-¥n-c-h-\mbncp∂p; AtXm-sSm∏w tbmhm-_ns‚
ASpØ _‘p-hm-bn-cp-∂p.
17:27-˛29 ZmhoZv al-\o-b-an¬ ]mf-b-an-d-ßn-bn-cn-°p-
tºmƒ, X\n°pw Xs‚ IqsS-bp-ff P\-Øn\pw th≠n,
thKw tISp-h-cmØ Bh-iy-km-[-\-ß-fp-ambn aq∂p-t]-
scØn; tim_n, amJo¿, s_¿in-√mbn F∂n-hc - m-bn-cp∂p
B ]pcp-j-∑m¿. tcmK-_m-[n-X-\m-bn-cn-°p∂ AtΩm\y
cmPm-hv, \mlm-ins‚ aI-\m-bn-cp∂p tim_n, Zmho-Zns‚
k∑-\ v Xnc-kvI-cn-®-Xns‚ ^ew A\p-`-hn-®Xv Ahs‚
ktlm-Z-c-\mb lm\q-\m-bn-cp∂p (A.10). F∂m¬ P∑w
sIm≠v hntZ-in-bmb tim_n blq-Z-∑m¿ ]ecpw sNbvX-
Xn-t\-°m-fp-]cn bn{km-tb¬ cmPm-hn-\p-th≠n Icp-Xn.
AXp-t]mse kz¥-°m-cm¬ X≈-s∏´ I¿Øm-hns\
PmXn-I-fmb At\-I¿ kzoI-cn®p (tbml 1:11).
sa^o- t _m- i - Ø ns\ ZmhoZv sbcp- i - t e- a n- t e°p
sIm≠p-hc - p-∂X- p-hsc Nne h¿j-°mew amJo-cm-bn-cp∂p
Ahs\ kwc-£n-®n-cp-∂Xv (9:3˛5). apS-¥-\mb Hcp cmP-
Ip-am-c\
- m-bn-cp-∂m-epw, knwlm-k\w \jvSs
- ∏´ Hcp cmPm-
hm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn; Bh-iy-°msc Ah≥ ip{iq-jn-®n-
cp-∂p. {InkvXp-hns‚ \maw \nanØw Bsc-¶nepw Xß-
fpsS kzØv HuZm-cy-]q¿∆w \evIn-bm¬, Ah≥ al-Xz-
Øn¬ aS-ßn-h-cp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS Zbbv°v \qdp-a-Sßp
{]Xn-^ew \evI-s∏-Spw.
]oU A\p-`h - n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Zmho-Zns\, Ah≥ al-
\o-b-an¬ Xma-kn® Imew apgp-h≥ _¿kn-√mbn klm-
bn®p. hfsc [\n-I-\mb Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah≥,
cmP-mh- n-\p-ff Hcp Hml-cn F∂ \ne-bn-em-bn-cp∂p Ahs‚
klmbw. (19:31-˛39). _¿kn-√m-bn-bpsS ]p{X-∑msc cmP-
Iob ]Z-hn-bn-te°p Db¿Øp∂ Imcyw Xs‚ ac-W-°n-
S-°-bn¬ h®v ZmhoZv item-tam-t\mSv ]d™p (1 cmPm
2:7). {InkvXp-hn-\p-th≠n ip{iqj sNbvX-hsc Ah≥
Hcn-°epw ad∂p t]mI-bn-√; Xs‚ cmPy-Øn¬ BZ-c-
Wo-b-amb ÿm\-߃ Ah≥ Ah¿°p \evIpw.
18:1˛5 ZmhoZp Xs‚ ssk\ysØ aq∂p kwL-ß-
fmbn Xncn-®p. tbmhm-_v, A_o-im-bn, C∞mbn F∂n-
hsc AXns‚ tk\m-[n-]-Xn-am-cm°n h®p. hcp-hm≥
 2 iap-th¬ 18,19
t]mIp∂ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥ ZmhoZv B{K-ln-
®p-sh-¶nepw Xm≥ ]´-WØ - n¬ Ccp-∂p-sIm≠v X߃°p-
th≠ klm-b-߃ sNbvXp-X-∂m¬ aXn-sb∂p P\w
Ahs\ \n¿_-‘n-®p. ]S-P\w ]´-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-
s∏´ ka-bØ - v, Xs∂ Hm¿Øp A_vim-tem-an-t\mSp I\n-
thm-Sp-IqsS s]cp-am-dp-sa∂v ZmhoZv Xs‚ tk\m-[n-]-Xn-
I-tfmSp s]mXpth Iev]n-®p.
18:6˛9 tbm¿±m\p Ing°v al-\o-b-an\p kao-]-Øp-ff
F{^bnw h\- Ø n¬ h®m- b n- c p∂p bp≤w \S- ∂ - X v .
A_vim-tem-ans‚ kwL-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ccp-]-Xn-\m-
bncw t]¿ B Znhkw sIm√-s∏-´p, ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ A[nIw
t]cpw CS-Xq¿∂v \nev°p∂ h\-Øn¬ IpSp-ßn-bmWv acn-
®-Xv. Zmho-Zns‚ ssk\yw hnPbn®p. h\-Øn-\p-f-fn-eqsS
HmSn-t∏m∂ A_vi-tem-ans‚ Xe-apSn Hcp Icp-th-e-I-
Øn¬ Ipcp-ßn, tImh¿ IgpX Ahs‚ Iogn¬ \n∂pw
HmSn-t∏m-bn, Ah≥ hfsc A`n-am-\n-®n-cp∂ Xs‚ ico-
cm-h-bhw Xs∂ Xs‚ A[x-]-X-\-Øns‚ tlXp-hmbn
Xo¿∂psh∂Xv Imhy imkv{X[¿Ω-{]-Im-ca - p-ff Hcp coXn-
bm-Wv.
18:10-˛15 A_vim-tem-ans‚ \n -lm-bm-hÿ Adn-bn®
ZqXp-hm-l-I-s\, B hnπ-h-Im-cnsb sIm∂p If-bm-Ø-
Xn\v tbmhm_v imkn-®p. F∂m¬ cmPm-hns‚ \n¿t±-i-
߃ ewLn-°p-hm≥ ]W-]-c-amb bmsXmcp hmKvZm-\-
߃°pw Xs∂ {]tem-`n-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂v
Ah≥ hfsc Icp-X-temsS Adn-bn-®p. AXp-X-s∂-b-√,
AYhm Ah≥ A_vim-tem-ans\ sIm∂n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,
B hm¿Ø cmPm-h-dn-bp-tºmƒ, Xs‚ kwc-£-Wm¿∞w
tbmhm_v hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw Ah≥ ]d-™p. Cu kwkm-
c-ß-sf√mw kabw ]mgm-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v Nn¥n®
tbmhm-_v,- aq∂p Ip¥w Iøn-se-SpØp Ahsb Ahs‚
s\©n-\-IØp IpØn-I-b-‰n, F∂n´v Ahs‚ Bbp-[-
hm-lI- ∑- m-cmb ]Øp-t]sc Ahs\ {]l-cn-°p-hm≥ Npa-
X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn, Ch-sb√mw cmPm-hns‚ Iev]-\bv°v hncp-
≤-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw, cmP-Xz-kw-_-‘-ambn hfsc \√
Imcy-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. Xs‚ a°sf Ah-cpsS Ip‰-Ir-Xy-
tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ in£n-°p∂ ]Xnhv Zmho-Zn-\n-
√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v B ZuXyw thsd Bsc-¶nepw
sNtø-≠n-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
18:16-˛18 B {]hrØn sNbvX-bp-S-s\, Xs‚ {][m\
ZuXyw \n¿∆-ln-°-s∏-´Xp sIm≠v tbmhm_v hnthI
]q¿∆w, bp≤w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm-\p-ff Iml-f-aq-Xn.
A_vim-tem-ans‚ icocw FSpØp Ah¿ Hcp henb
Ipgn-bn¬ C´p. henb I¬°q-ºmcw sIm≠v AXp aqSn,
Hcp ]s£, sbcp-i-te-an\p kao-]-ap-ff cmPm-hns‚
Xmgvhcbn¬ A_vimtemw ÿm]n® ⁄m]-I-kvXw-`-
Øns‚ kv]jvS-amb hn]-co-X-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. A_vi-
tem-an\v aq∂p ]p{X-∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp∂p (14:27), Hcp ]s£,
Xs∂ A\-¥c - h
- I
- m-in-If
- n-√mØh\m°n Xo¿Øp-sIm≠v
Ah-sc√mw bu∆-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ acn-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.
XXv^-e-am-bn-´m-h-Ww, Xe-ap-d-I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬
Xs‚ t]cv \ne-\n¿tØ-≠X - n\v Ah≥ A_vim-tem-ans‚
⁄m]-I-kvXw`w ]Wn-X-Xv.
339
18:19-˛23 Cu h¿Ø-am\w cmPm-hns\ Adn-bn-∏m≥
Alo-amkv B{K-ln-®p-sh-¶n-epw, Ah-\Xp sNøp-∂X - n¬
tbmhm-_n\p XmXv]c - y-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. kZz¿Ø-am\w Adn-
bn-°p-∂Xp kw_-‘n-®p-ff Hcp aXn∏v Alo-am-kns\
Ipdn-®p-≠m-bn-cp∂p (hm.27), Bb-Xn-\m¬ A_vi-tem-
ans‚ ac-W-hm¿Ø sIm≠p-sN-√p-∂Xv Ahs‚ kz`m-h-
Øn\v hncp-≤-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂Xp sIm≠mhmw Ahs\
AXn\p A\p-hZ- n-°m-sX-bn-cp-∂s - X∂p tXm∂p-∂p. AXp-
sIm≠v HutZym-Kn-I-amb Hcp ktµ-i-hm-l-I-\mbn Hcp
Iqiys\ tbmhm_v Ab-®p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ t]mb-ti-
jw, ZqXp-hm-l-I-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ X\n-°-Xn-\p-ff {]Xn-
^ew e`n-®n-s√-¶n-epw, Xt∂-°qSn hnSp-hm≥ Alo-amkv
tbmhm-_ns\ \n¿_-‘n-®p. Hcp Ffp-∏-hgn kzoI-cn-®-
Xp-sIm≠v Iqiys\ adn-IS- ° - p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah≥ hnP-
bn-®p.
18:24-˛30 bp≤-hm¿Ø Adn-bp-hm\pff BImw-£-
tbmsS ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Zmho-Zv. At∏mƒ Hcp-
h\p ]n∂mse as‰m-cp-h\pw HmSn-hc - p-∂p-sh-∂p-ff hm¿Ø
Imh¬°m-c≥ Ahs\ Adn-bn-®p. BZyw HmSn-hc - p-∂b
- mƒ
Alo-am-kn-t\mSp kZr-iy-\m-sW∂p ZmhoZp tI´-t∏mƒ,
Ah≥ kZz¿Ø-am-\-Øn\p th≠n Xs∂-Xs∂ Hcp°n;
ImcWw CXn\p ap≥s]√mw Alo-amkv kzmK-Xm¿l-
amb hm¿Ø-Iƒ am{Xta sIm≠p-h-∂n-´p-ffq ASp-Øp-
h∂ Alo-amkv, i{Xp-ssk-\ysØ btlmh tXm¬∏n-
®p-sh∂p hnP-bm-Àm-Zt- ØmsS hnfn®p ]d-™p. F∂m¬
A_vim-tem-ans\ Ipdn®p ZmhoZp tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ, ss[cy-
sa√mw tNm¿∂p-t]mb Alo-am-kv, hen-sbmcp Ielw
I≠p ]s£ hni-Zh - n-hc
- s
- am∂pw Adn-bn-s√∂v Ahy-‡-
ambn adp-]Sn \evIn.
18:31-˛33 A\-¥cw Iqiy\pw FØn. Zmho-Zns‚ i{Xp-
°ƒ tXm¬∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂psh∂v Ah≥ hnfn®p ]d-
™p. A_vim-tem-an-s\-°p-dn-®pff Zmho-Zns‚ A]-cn-
lm-cy-amb tNmZy-Øn\v, cmPm-hns‚ i{Xp-°-sf√mw B
Ipam-cs- \-t]m-se-bm-Is
- ´˛ F∂p-h®- m¬ acn®p-sh-∂¿∞w
˛ F∂v Xpd-∂-Sn® adp-]Sn e`n-®p. Cu hm¿Ø Zmho-
Zns\ henb ZpJ-Øn-em-gvØn. Ahs‚ Zb-\o-ba - mb hnem-
]-amWv 33-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse henb ZpJ-ß-fn-sem∂v CXm-bn-
cp-∂p; AXn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ah≥ tbmh-_n-t\mSv
F∂-t∂-°p-ambn £an-°ptam F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-
b-ap-≠v.
19:1˛8 e÷n-X-cmbn Xo¿∂ P\-߃°v X߃ Ip‰-
°m-cm-sW∂p tXm∂-Ø-°-hÆw hep-Xm-bn-cp∂p cmPm-
hns‚ ZpxJw. hnP-bn-Iƒ F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Ip‰-°m¿ F∂
\ne-bn-em-bn-cp∂p Ah¿ h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂X - v. CsX√mw I≠v
A£-a-\mbn Xo¿∂ tbmhm_v cmPm-hns\ I¿i-\-ambn
imkn-®p. hniz-kvX-cm-b Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-sf-°mƒ
Zmho-Zn\v XmXv]cyw i{Xp-°t- fm-Sm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p tXm∂p-
∂p-sh-∂p, Xs‚ Pohs\ c£n-®-h-tcmSv Xm≥ \µn-bn-
√m-Ø-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw tbmhm_v ]cm-Xn-s∏-´p.
P\-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ZmhoZv DS-\Sn Zbm-]-c-amb
340
Hcp \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-®n-s√-¶n¬ Cu cm{Xn-bn¬ Xs∂
Ah¿ Xs∂ Dt]-£n-°p-sa∂v Ah≥ cmPm-hn\p ap∂-dn-
bn∏p \evIn. tbmhm-_ns‚ hm°-\p-k-cn®p ZmhoZp ]Sn-
hm-Xn¬°¬ Ccp∂p P\-tØmSp kwkm-cn-®p.
H. cmPy-{`-jvS\m-°-s∏´ Zmho-Zns‚ aS-ßn-h-chv
(19:9˛43)
19:9,10 bn{km-tb¬ tZi-sam-t°bpw Cu Ah-k-c-
Øn¬ Nn¥m- ° p- g - ∏ - Ø n- e m- b n- c p- ∂ p. P\- s a√mw
At\ym\yw X¿°n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. AXns‚ ImcWw
CXm-bn-cp-∂p. s^en-kvXy-cpsS Iøn¬\n∂pw Xßsf
c£n® ZmhoZv cmPmhv Ct∏mƒ \mSp-hn-t´m-Sn-t∏m-bn-cn-
°p∂p. X߃ cmPm- h mbn A`n- t jIw sNbv X
A_vimtemw acn-®p-an-cn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ Zmho-Zns\
Xs‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn-te°p aS-°n-s°m≠p hcp-hm-\p-
ff Hcp Ne\w AhnsS Bcw-`n-®p. BI-bm¬ cmPm-
hns\ XncnsI sIm≠p-h-cp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ \n߃ A\-
ßm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-sX¥v? F∂Xv C∂sØ \njv{In-b-cmbn
Dd-ßp∂ k`sb kw_-‘n-®n-St- Ømfw A\p-tbm-Py-amb
Hcp tNmZy-am-Wv.
19:11-˛15 Xs∂ knwlm-k-\-Øn-te°p aS-°n-s°m-≠p-
h-cp-∂X - ns\ Ipdn®p bn{km-tb-ense ]Øp tKm{X-ßfpw
kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂dn™ Zmho-Zv, Xß-fpsS c‡-_-
‘-am-bh - s\ cmPm-hmbn aS-°n-s°m≠p-hc
- p∂ Imcy-Øn¬
Ah¿ ]nº-∑m-cmbn \nev°p-∂-sX¥v F∂p tNmZn-°p-
hm≥, c≠p ]ptcm-ln-X-∑msc blq-Zm-aq-∏-∑m-cp-sS-b-Sp-
°¬ Ab-®p. cmPy-hn-π-h-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ blqZm
tKm{Xw A_vim-tem-ans\ hf-sc-b-[nIw A\p-Iq-en-®n-
cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬, Nne- A\n-
jvSß- fpw `bhpw Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂X - n¬ kwi-
b-an-√.
tk\m-[n-]X- n-bm-bn-cp∂ tbmhm_ns\ Bÿm-\Ø - p-
\n∂pw \o°n (Hcp ]s£ A_vim-ans\ sIm∂-Xp-sIm-
≠m-Ipw) ]Icw Aam-ksb B Npa-X-e-tb-ev∏n-°p-hm≥
ZmhoZp Xocp-am-\n-®p. Zmho-Zns‚ Hcp A\-¥n-c-h-\m-bn-
cp∂p Aam-k. Ah≥ A_vim-tem-ans‚ tk\m-[n-]-Xn-
bm-bXv tIhew ASpØ Ime-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. ZmhoZv hniz-
kvX-Xsb in£n-®n´v hnπ-h-Øn\p {]Xn-^ew sImSpØ
Hcp `c-W- \bam-bn-cp∂p AXv. F∂m¬ Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sp-
ff _‘-Øn¬, blq-Zm-]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsSsbms°bpw
lrZbw H∂p-t]mse BI¿jn-°-Ø° Hcp {]hr-Øn-
bm-bn-cp∂p CXv. Ah¿ sFIy-I-WvtT\ Zmho-Zns\ Xß-
fpsS cmPy- t Ø°p kzmKXw sNbv X p- s Im≠v Hcp
ktµiw Ab-®p.
19:16-˛23 apºv Zmho-Zns\ i]n® ina-bn-bpw, sa^o-
t_m-ti-Øns\ Ipdn®v A]-hmZw ]d™ ko_-bpw, aS-
ßn-h-cp∂ cmPm-hns\ ImWp-hm≥ tbm¿±m≥ \Zo-Xo-c-
tØ°p _≤-s∏´p sN∂p. ina-bn-bpsS IW-°n-te-sd-
bp-ff £am-]Ww Im]-Sy-am-bn-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p km≤y-
X; ImcWw A[n-Im-c-Øn-te°p Xncn®p h∂ Zmho-Zn-
\m¬ in£n-°m-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°-W-sa-∂Xp am{X-am-bn-cp∂
2 iap-th¬ 19
Xs‚ B{K-lw. DXvI-WvTm-Ip-e-amb B \nan-j-Øn¬,
ina-bnsb sIm∂p If-bp-hm-\p-ff A_o-im-bn-bpsS
B{K-lsØ Xnc-kvI-cn-®p-sIm≠v ZmhoZv Ah\p am∏p-
sIm-Sp-Øp. F∂m¬ ina-bn-bpsS im]-h-N-\-߃ ZmhoZv
ad-∂n-cp-∂n-√. A«o-e-hm-Zn-bmb B s_\y-ao-\y-t\mSp
\njv°-cpWw s]cp-am-d-W-sa∂v ]n¬°m-eØv Xm≥
item-tam\p Iev]\ sImSpØp. (1 cmPm 2:8.9)
19:24-˛30 sa^o-t_m-tiØpw cmPm-hns\ FXn-tc-
ev∏m≥ h∂p. ZmhoZv cmPy-{`-jvS\ - m-°s- ∏-´- Zn-hkw apX¬
Ah≥ ZpxJn®pw hne-]n®pw Ign™ncp∂p-sh∂v Ahs‚
`mh-Øn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-am-bn-cp-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬
Ah≥ cmPm-hn-t\m-Sp- hniz-kvX-X-bp-f-f-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
]s£ ko_ Ahs\ sX‰mb coXn-bn¬ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \mSp-hn´p HmSn-t∏mb Xs∂ A\p-K-an-°m-
ØXp sIm≠pGsd-°psd ]cp-j-am-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p cmPmhv
Ah-t\mSp kwkm-cn-®X - v. cmPm-hn-t\m-Sp-Iq-sS- t]m-Ip-hm≥,
Igp-Xbv°v tIm∏n´p sImSp-°-W-sa∂v ko_-tbmSv
Ah≥ ]d-s™-¶n-epw, Ah-\Xp sNbvXp sImSp-Øn-√.
Aßs\ apS-¥-\mb Xm≥ \n -lm-b-\mbn Xo¿∂p-sh-
∂n-ßs\ sa^o-t_m-tiØv Imcy-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.
IqSmsX ko_ Xs∂ Ipdn®p A]-hmZw ]d-™p-sh-¶n-
epw, cmPmhv aS-ßn-h∂- n-St- Ømfw B A\ym-bß - s
- fm∂pw
Imcy-am-°p-∂n√ F∂-h≥ Bflm¿∞-Xt- bmsS ]d-™p.
ko_bpw sa^o-t_m-tiØpw IqSn \new ]Ip-sØ-SpØp
sImf-fp-hm≥, Gsd-°psd Xmev]-cy-an-√mØ \ne-bn¬,
ZmhoZp {]kvXm-hn-®-t∏mƒ, “A√, Ah≥ Xs∂ apgp-
h\pw FSp-Øp-sIm-f-f-s´, bP-am-\-\mb cmPmhv kam-[m-
\-tØmsS Ac-a-\-bn¬ FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-ht√m” F∂p
]d-™p-sIm≠v tbm\m-Yms‚ aI-\mb B apS-¥≥ Xs‚
lrZ-b-Ønse bYm¿∞ Iqdv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn.
19:31-˛39 F¨]Xp hb p {]mb-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ Knse-
bm-Zy-\mb _¿kn-√m-bn-bm-cp∂p Zmho-Zns‚ as‰mcp
bYm¿∞ kvt\ln-X≥. al-\o-b-an-em-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ
Ah≥ cmPm-hn\p `£-W-km-[-\-߃ sImSp-Ø-b-®n-cp-
∂p. Ct∏mƒ Ah≥ tbm¿±m≥ hsc Zmho-Zns\ A\p-K-
an-®p. sbcp-it- e-an-te°p Xt∂msSm∏w sN√p-hm≥ ZmhoZv
Ahs\ £Wn-®p. AhnsS Ahs\ \∂mbn kwc-£n-
®p-sIm-f-fm-sa∂pw ZmhoZv ]d-™p. F∂m¬ {lkz-Ime
PohnXw am{Xw C\n {]Xo-£n-°p∂ s_¿kn-√m-bn,
\√Xpw BIm-ØXpw Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xpw,
kzmZp \jvSs - ∏-´X
- pw, _[n-c\
- mbn Xo¿∂-ncn°p∂Xp-amb
Xs‚ Ah-ÿsb IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v cmPm-hn-
t\mSp IqsS sN∂m¬ AXp cmPm-hns\mcp `mc-ambn
Xocp-I-am-{X-ta-bp-f-fq. AXp-sIm≠v tbm¿±m≥ IS∂v
Aev]Z- qcw cmPm-hns\ A\p-Ka - n-®t- ijw kztZ-it- Ø°p
Xm≥ aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-sa∂v Zmho-Zn-t\mSp ]d-™p. Inwlmw
(H-cp-]s£ aI-\m-bn-cn-°mw) Zmho-Zn-t\mSp IqsS sN√p-
hm-\p-ff Xs‚ \n¿t±iw ZmhoZv XmXv]-cy-]q¿∆w AwKo-
I-cn-®p.
19:40-˛43 bn{km-tb¬ P\-Øn¬ ]mXn-bpw, blqZm
{Kl-sam-t°bpw sbcp-it- e-an-te°p aS-°n-s°m-≠p-hc - m≥
Ct∏mƒ hen-sbmcp tLmj-bm{X cq]o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. cmPm-hns\ aS-°n-s°m-≠p-h-cp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ a‰p
 2 iap-th¬ 20
tKm{X-ßsf £Wn-°msX blqZm ap≥I-sø-Sp-Ø-Xp-
sIm≠v Ah-cpsSbnS-bn¬ B`y-¥c t]mcm´w s]m´n-∏p-
d-s∏-´p. (cm-Pm-hns\ aS-°n-s°m-≠p-h-cnI F∂p h®m¬
Ahs\ tbm¿±m≥ IS-Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cp∂ Imcy-amWv
ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂X - v). ZmhoZv Xß-fpsS ASpØ Nm¿®-
°m-c-\m-bXp sIm≠mWv A{]-Imcw sNbvX-Xv, Xs∂-
bp-a-√, \mb-IXzw hln-®-Xn\v Ah-tc-°mƒ IqSp-X-embn
bmsXmcp t\´hpw X߃°p-≠m-bn-´n√sb∂pw sblqZm
hni- Z o- I - c n- ® p. sblq- Z sbt∏mse ]Øp {]mhniyw
A[nIw ]s¶- S p- ° p- h m- \ p- f f Ah- I miw X߃°p-
s≠∂p a‰p ]Øp tKm{X-ßfpw hmZn-®p. blq-Z-bpsS
hm°p-I-fnse {Iqc-X, hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ Kpcp-X-c-amb
{]iv\-Øns‚ Hcp kqN-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
I. ti_-bpsS FXn¿∏pw ac-Whpw (A.20)
20:1,2 s_\ym-ao≥ tKm{X-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff ti_ F∂p
t]cmb \oN-\mb Hcp \ntj[n (iu-ep-ambn _‘-ap-ff
Bfm-Im-\mWp km≤y-X) blq-Z-bpsS hm°p-I-fn¬ ]nSn-
®p-sIm≠v (19:42) Hcp hnπ-h-Øn-\mbn P\sØ Cf-°p-
hm≥ XpS-ßn. ZmhoZp Xß-fpsS kz¥-am-sW∂p blqZm
]pcp-j-∑m¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ ]Øp tKm{X-
߃°p Zmho-Zn-¶¬ bmsXmcp Ah-Im-i-hp-an√ F∂p
ti_ [n°m-c-]q¿∆w hnfn-®p-]-d-™n´v Ah¿ ]ncn-™p-
t]m-bn. Ct∏mƒ blqZm tKm{Xw am{Xta Zmho-Zn-t\m-
sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-f-fq. Cu Ie-l-tØmSp _‘-s∏´v
ti_bv°v sNdn-tbm-cp-Iq´w A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
sh-∂mWv ]n∂o-Sp-ff kw`-h-߃ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
“bn{kmtb¬ Ht°bpw” F∂ Chn-SpsØ {]kvXm-h\
]cn-Nn-Xa - mb Hc¿∞-Øn¬ thWw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥. (A-
Xm-bXv ]Øp tKm{X-ßf - n-tebpw `n∂m-`n-{]m-ba
- p-ff Bfp-
Iƒ am{Xta AXn¬ Dƒs∏-´n-cp-∂p-ff - p-sh∂p thWw Icp-
Xp-hm≥).
20:3 sbcp-i-te-an¬ FØnb cmPmhv Xm≥ Ac-a-\-
bn¬ ]m¿∏n-®n-´p-t]mb ]Øp sh∏m-´n-I-tfbpw sN∂p
I≠p. A_vimtemw Ah-tcmSv A]-a-cym-Z-bmbn s]cp-
am-dn-bn-cp-∂p. cmPmhv Ahsc A¥x-]p-c-Øn-em°n kwc-
£n- ® p- s h- ¶ n- e pw, Ah¿ Poh- ] cy¥w Imh- e n- c p∂p
ssh[hyw BN-cn-®p.
20:4˛7 A_vi-tem-ans‚ hnπ-h-Im-cn-bmb tk\m-[n-
]Xn Aam-k-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C\n-ap-X¬ ]Z-hn-\-jvS-s∏´
tbmhm-_n\p ]Icw Zmho-Zns‚ ssk\ym-[n-]-Xn. aq∂p
Znh-kØ - n-\Iw blqZm tKm{X-Ønse ]S-bm-fn-Isf Iq´n-
t®¿Øp hnπ-h-t\-Xm-hmb ti_sb ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p ]nSn-
°p-hm≥ cmPmhv Ah-t\mSp I¬]n-®p. F∂m¬ ChnsS
{]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´n-´n-√mØ GtXm Nne Imc-W-ß-fm¬,
A\p-hZ- n-°s- ∏´ ka-bØ- n-\p-ff
- n¬ Xs‚ I¿Øhyw \n¿∆-
ln-°p-hm≥ Aam-kbv°p Ign-™n-√. AXp-sIm-≠v,
ti_ Dd-∏p-ff h√ ]´-W-ß-fnepw IS∂v kpc-£n-XXzw
ÿm]n-°p-∂Xp XS-bp-hm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Bfp-I-
fp-ambn ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ZmhoZv A_o-im-bn-tbmSp I¬]n-
®p. A_o-im-bn-tbm-Sp-IqsS t]mb-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬
tbmhm_pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
341
20:8˛10a Ah¿ Kn_-tbm-\nse AS-bm-f-ambncn°p∂
hen-tbmcp ]md-bpsS Acn-I-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Aamk
Ah¿s°-Xnsc h∂p. ]S-b¶n [cn-®n-cp∂ tbmhm_v
Aam-ksb FXn-tc-ev∏m≥ ASp-Øp-sN-∂p. B Ah-k-
c-Øn¬ Ahs‚ hmƒ \ne-Øp-ho-Wp-t]m-bn. Ah-\Xp
a\x-]q¿∆w sNbvXX- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p tXm∂p-∂p. B hmƒ
Ip\n-s™-SpØp sIm≠v Ah≥ kwi-b-c-ln-X-\mbn
\n¬°p∂ Xs‚ _‘p-hns‚ ASp-tØ°p sN∂p. hf-
sc- b - [ nIw kulrZw A`n- \ - b n- ® p- s Im- ≠ v , Ahs\
Npw_n-°p-hm≥ F∂ `mh-Øn¬ Ahs‚ XmSn°p]nSn-
®p-sIm≠v hmfp-sIm-≠p-ff H‰-Ip-Øn¬ Ahs\ sIm∂p.
20:10-˛13b tbmhm_pw A_o-im-bnbpw ti_sb
]n¥p-S-cp-hm≥ Hcp-ßn-b-t∏mƒ, hgn \Sp-hn¬ c‡-Øn¬
apgp-In-°n-S-°p∂ Aam-ksb I≠p. Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-
bn-Iƒ AhnsS \n∂p t]mbn. Ahs‚ icocw AhnsS
\n∂p \o°p-∂-Xp-hsc tbmhm-_ns‚ Bfp-Iƒ Ahs\
]n≥Xp-S¿∂n-√.
20:14-˛22 ti_bv°p th≠n-bp-ff Xnc-®n¬ Ahsc
hS°v t_Øvam-J-bnse Bt_-en¬ FØn-®p. satdmw
XSm-I-Øn\p hS-°mbncp∂p CXp ÿnXn-sN-bvXn-cp-∂-
Xv. ⁄m\n-I-fm-b-hsc sIm≠p {]kn-≤n-bm¿Pn® Hcp
]´-W-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. tbmhm_v ]´-WsØ \ntcm-[n®p
hmS-tIm-cnb Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ⁄m\n-bmb Hcp kv{Xo
Ahs\ hnfn-®n´v, ⁄m\-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ F∂pw
temI {]kn-≤-amb bn{km-tb-ense Hcp amXr-\-K-csØ
(A-Xm-bXv {][m-\s - ∏´ Hcp \K-cw) \o \in-∏n-°p- ∂sX¥v
F∂p tNmZn-®p. At∏mƒ, AXn-\p-f-fn¬ Hfn-®n-cn-°p∂
hnπ-h-t\-Xm-hmb ti_sb am{Xw Xnc-™p-h-∂-Xm-Wp-
Xm-s\∂v tbmhm_v hni-Zo-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ, Ahs\ sIm∂n-
´v, sXfn-hn-\mbn Ahs‚ Xe aXn-ens‚ apI-fn¬ \n∂p
Xmtg°p C´p-sIm-Sp-°m-sa∂v B kv{Xo kΩ-Xn-®p.
C°mcyw km[n-®-bp-S-s\, tbmhm_v Iml-f-aq-Xn, Xs‚
ZuXyw ]q¿Øn-bm°n sbcp-i-te-an-te°p aS-ßn. ti_-
bpsS {]t£m]w Hcm-gvN-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ \o≠p \n∂n-cn-
°m≥ km≤y-X-bn-√.
20:23-˛26 tbmhm-_ns\ ÿm\-{`-jvS-\m-°nb Zmho-Zv,
BZyw Aam-k-tbbpw (19:13) ]n∂oSv A_o-im-bn-tbbpw
(20:6) X¬ÿm-\t- Ø°p \nb-an-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ tk\m-
[n-]Xn F∂ Xs‚ ]Zhn tbmhm_v ho≠pw Ic-ÿ-am-
°n.
23-˛26 hmIy-ß-fn¬ \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂, cmPm-hns‚
{][m\ DtZym-Kÿ - c
- psS t]cp-Iƒ GXm≠v 8:15-˛18 hmIy-
ß-fn-te-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.-ssk-\y-Øns‚ A[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-
cp∂p tbmhm_v; Zmho-Zns‚ AwK-c-£-I-∑m-cpsS Npa-
Xe s_\-bm-hn-\m-bn-cp∂p; sbtlm-im-^m-Øm-bn-cp∂p
a{¥n; sihm (sk- c m- b m- h v ) cmb- k - ° m- c ≥ AYhm
kwt£] teJ-I-\pw, kmtZm°pw A_y-Zmcpw ]ptcm-
ln-X-∑m-cp-ambncp∂p. (ap-ºsØ ]´n-I-bn¬ kmtZm°pw
Alo-a-te-°p-am-bn-cp∂p ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿). AtZmcmw
Dugnb the-°m¿°p ta¬ hnNm-c-I\pw bmbo-cy-\mb
Cuc Zmho-Zns‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. (F-∂p-h-®m¬
342

Zmho-Zns‚ cmPyw
 2 iap-th¬ 21,22
apJy-a{- ¥n) F∂mWv ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂X - v. F∂m¬
8˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ ]p{X-∑m¿ Cu Npa-Xe
hln-®n-cp-∂-Xm-bn-´mWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv
F∂Xp am{X-amWv a‰p hyXym-k-߃.
IV. A\p-_‘w (A.21-˛24)
iap-th-ens‚ c≠mw ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ _m°n`mKw,
bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ `c-WI - m-eØp \S∂ ]e-hn[
kw`-h-߃, Ime-\p-{I-a-am-bn-´√ F¶n-epw, {]ap-J-am-°n-
°n-´p-∂- Hcp A\p-_-‘-am-Wv. (1 cmPm-°-∑m¿, H∂mw
A≤ymbw apX-emWv Imem-\p-{I-aa - mbn ho≠pw Imcy-߃
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv)
A. £mahpw AXns‚ Ah-km-\hpw (A.21)
21:1 aq∂p kwh-’-c-°mew \o≠p \n∂ £ma-am-bn-
cp∂p BZysØ kw`-hw. AXns‚ Imc-W-sØ-°p-dn®v
ZmhoZv btlm-h-tbmSp Acp-f-∏mSp tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ Kn_-
tbm-\y-cp-am-bp-ff DS-ºSn iu¬ ewLn-®-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-
cp∂p Aßs\ kw`-hn-®-sX∂v btlmh Ah-t\mSp ]d-
™p. PmXo-b-cmb Cu tZi-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ, Xß-fp-ambn
Hcp kam-[m\ DS-ºSn D≠m-°p∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ tbmip-
hsb I_-fn-∏n-®p. Kn_-tbm-\ysc sIm√p-hm≥ {ian-®p-
sIm≠v iu¬ Cu DS-ºSn ewLn-®p; Cu Imcyw ]gb
\nb-a-Øn¬ apºv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. c‡-]m-
X-Ia - p-ff Krlw F∂ ]Z-{]-tbmKw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂X - v, Hcp
]s£ Kn_-tbm-\ysc sIme-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn¬ iuens‚
k¥-Xn-Iƒ°v apJy-]-¶p-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂m-bn-cn-°mw.
C°m-cy-Øn¬ Ah¿°p \evI-s∏´ in£ \ymbam-bn-
cp∂p (hm.2-˛9) Ct∏mƒ Poh-t\msS tijn-®n-cn-°mØ
Hcp-h≥ sNbvX sX‰n\v tZiw apgp-h≥ IjvS-s∏-SWw
F∂Xv ITn-\-ambn tXm∂p-∂p-≠m-hpw, F∂m¬ \q‰m-
≠p-Iƒ°p-apºv bn{km-tb¬ Kn_-tbm-\y-cp-ambn ssZh-
\m-a-Øn¬ kXyw sNbvXn-cp-∂p (tbmip 9:19,20); B
kXy-{]-Xn⁄ ewLn-®Xp sIm≠m-bn-cp∂p £maw h∂-
Xv. Imew IS-∂p-t]m-b-Xp-sIm≠v ssZh-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω
(A-Yhm \ymb t_m[w) Ipd-™p-t]m-Ip-∂n-√.
21:2˛9 iuens‚ AXn-{I-aØ - n\p {]Xn-hn[nbmbn Ah¿
kzoI-cn-°p∂ ]cn-lm-c-am¿§w F¥m-sW-∂-dn-bp-hm≥
ZmhoZv Kn_-tbm-\ysc kao-]n-®p. iuens‚ s]mt∂m,
sh≈ntbm X߃°m-hi - y-an-√. IqSmsX bn{km-tb-ense
Hcp a\p-jys\ t]mepw sIm√p-hm-\p-ff A[n-Im-chpw
X߃°n√ F∂v Kns_-tbm-\y¿ hy‡-am-°n. iuens‚
a°-fn¬ Ggp-t]sc sIm√p-∂-X-√msX as‰m∂pw X߃
sNøp-I-bn-s√-∂-h¿ ]d-™-t∏mƒ ZmhoZv AXp kΩ-Xn-
®p. B Ggp-a-°ƒ: cnkv]-bpsS c≠p ]p{X-∑m-cmb
A¿tΩm-\n, sa^n-t_m-tiØv (tbm-\m-Yms‚ aI-\mb
sa^ot_mtiØ√), iuens‚ aI- f mb tac- _ ns‚
(am¿Pn-\n¬, hm.8) A©p ]p{X-∑m¿ F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
aoJƒ F∂ t]cmWv Cu `mKØv sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv,
F∂m¬ AsXm-gn-hm-°p-hm≥ c≠p Imc-Wß - f- p-≠v. aoJ-
fns\ hnhmlw Ign®p sImSp-ØXv A{Zn-tb-en-\√ adn®v
^¬Øn-°m-bn-cp∂p (1 iap 25:44 ImWp-I), Xs∂-bp-
a√ Ahƒ°v a°-fn-√m-bn-cp∂p (2 iap 6:23). ZmhoZv
343
A_vim-tem-ans\ `b∂v HmSn-t∏mb ka-bØv Xs∂
klm-bn® B a\p-jy-\√ ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´n-cn-
°p∂ _¿kn--√mbn (17:27)
21:10 iuens‚ hnizkvX sh∏m-´n-bm-bn-cp∂ cnkv],
cm]-I¬ B ih-ic - o-cß
- ƒ°v Imh-en-cp-∂X
- p-sIm-≠,v Igp-
It\m bmsXmcp-hn[ h\y-ar-K-߃t°m Ahsc sXmSp-
hm≥ Ign-™n-√. sImbvØp Ime-Øns‚ Bcw`w apX¬,
Cu ac-W-Øn\p Imc-W-amb £maw Xoc-Ø-°-hÆw
ssZhw tZiØp ag Ab-bv°p-∂-Xp-hsc Ahƒ Cu
PmK-cWw XpS¿∂p.
21:11-˛14 Ah-fpsS Cu A¿∏nX a\- ns\ Ipdn-®d - n™
Zmho-Zv, B Ggp ih-Ip-So-cß - f
- pw, AtXm-sSm∏w bmt_iv
Knse-bm-Zn¬ AS°w sNbvXn-cp∂ iuen-t‚bpw tbm\m-
Ym-t‚bpw Aÿn-Ifpw am\y-ambn AS°w sNøp-hm-\p-
ff {Iao-I-c-W-߃ sNbvXp. iuen-t‚bpw tbm\m-Ym-
t‚bpw Aÿn-Iƒ s_\ym-an-\y-\mb Ioins‚ I√-db - n¬
AS°w sNbvXp.
21:15-˛12 s^en-kvXy-a-√-∑m¿s°-Xn-sc-bp-≠mb hnhn[
bp≤-ßsf Ipdn-®mWv Cu `mKØv hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
BZysØ bp≤-Øn¬ bniv_n-s_-t\mhv Zmho-Zns\
sImt√-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ A_o-imbn Ahs\
AXn¬ \n∂pw c£n- ° p- I bpw B s^en- k v X ys\
sIm∂p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A∂p-ap-X¬ Ah-tcm-
sSm∏w bp≤-Øn\v sN√p-hm≥ Zmho-Zns\ P\w A\p-h-
Zn-®n-cp-∂n-√. tKm_n¬ (A-Yhm tKsk-cn¬) h®p-≠mb
c≠m-asØ bp≤-Øn¬ kns∫-Jmbn a√-∑m-cpsS a°-
fn¬ Hcphs\ sIm∂p. aq∂m-asØ bp≤-Øn¬ KmXy-
\mb tKmeym-Øns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ em^nsb (1 Zn\ 20:5˛-
ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I) F¬l-\m≥ sh´n-s°m-∂p.
Hmtcm ssI°p Bdmdp hncepw Hmtcm Imen\p Bdmdp
hnc-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp a√≥ \memw bp≤-Øn¬ sIm√-
s∏-´p. Bdp-hn-ce - p-If
- p-ff Nne tdmam-°msc Ipdn®p πo\n
{]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠v. Cu hntij e£Ww Nne IpSpw-_-
ß-fn¬ ]mc-º-cy-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp∂ H∂m-Wv.(20)
B. Zmho-Zns‚ kvtXm{X k¶o¿Ø\w (A.22)
22:1˛51 i{Xp-°-fpsS Iøn¬ \n∂pw Xs∂ hnSp-hn-®-
Xn\pw FÆ-a‰ \∑-Iƒ Xs‚-ta¬ sNmcn-™-Xn-\p-ambn
Cu ]m´nse hm°p-I-fm¬ ZmhoZv btlm-hsb kvXpXn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. CXv Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-k\w ÿnc-am-°-
s∏-´-tijw Fgp-X-s∏-´-Xm-Im-\mWv km≤y-X. Ct∏mƒ
iu¬ acn-®p. Xs‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn≥ Iogn¬ cmPyw GIo-
I-cn-°-s∏-´p. IqSmsX bn{km-tb-ens‚ i{Xp-°-sf√mw
ASn-®-a¿Ø-s∏-´p. Npcp°w Nne hkvXp-X-I-tfmsS B
hm°p-Iƒ 18-˛mw k¶o¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.
IqSmsX anin-lm-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ch ]pXnb \nb-
a-Ønepw FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. (A-h-\n¬ Rm≥
B{i-bn-°pw, hm.3, F{_m.2:13˛ambpw 50-˛mw hmIyw,
tdma. 15:9˛-ambpw Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I)
Hcp anin-sslI k¶o¿Ø-\-ambn AXns\ ImWp-I-
bm-sW-¶n¬ Xmsg ]dbpw hn[w \ap-°-Xns\ kwt£-
]n°mw:
344 2 iap-th¬ 23
1. {]m¿∞\ tIƒ°p-Ibpw adp-]Sn \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbn ssZhsØ kvXpXn-°p-∂p. (hm.2-˛4)
2. c£-I≥ apJm-¥cw acWw _‘n-°-s∏-Sp∂p
(hm.5-˛7)
3. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏p XS-bp-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂,
^ew kn≤n-°mØ, ZpjvSm-flt- k-\t- bmSp ssZhw t]mcm-
Sp∂p (hm.7-˛20)
4. ssZhw anin- l m- b psS ac- W - Ø n¬\n∂pw
Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬∏n-®-Xns‚ Imc-W-߃ (hm.21-˛30)
5. anin-lm-bpsS c≠m-asØ BK-a-\w, Xs‚ i{Xp-
°sf apgp-h≥ A∂p Xm≥ \in-∏n-°pw.
6. anin-lmbpsS al-Xz-]q¿W-amb cmPXzw
(hm.44-˛51)
hni-Z-amb Hcp {]Xn-]m-Z-Øn\p 18-˛mw k¶o¿Ø-\-
Øns‚ hymJym\w ImWp-I.
I. Zmho-Zns‚ hoc-∑m¿ (A.23)
23:1˛7 Zmho-Zns‚ at\m-l-c-ß-fmb A¥y-hm-°p-I-
fmWv AXm-bXv ]m´nse Xs‚ Ah-km-\sØ {]tNm-
ZnX hN-\-߃ ˛ BZysØ Ggp hmIy-ß-fn-ep-f-f-Xv.
{]£p-_vZa - mb \o≠ cm{Xn°p tij-ap-ff taL-an-√mØ
{]`mXØnse tim`-bm¿∂ Acp-tWm-Zbw t]mse-bp-ff
`cWw ImgvN-h-bv°p∂ amXr-I-bp-ff anin-lmsb Ipdn-
®mWv Xm≥ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv (21) Xs‚ h¿Æ\ bp‡-
am-bn-cn-°p-Ib- n-√m-sb∂v Zmho-Zn-\d
- n-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw
Xs‚ ]n≥Km-an-bmbn aninlm Ah-X-cn-°p-sa-∂p-ff
ssZhoI hmKvZ-Ø-Øn¬ Xm≥ Biz-kn-®p. {InkvXp
Xs‚ cmPXzw ÿm]n-∏m≥ aSßn hcp-tºmƒ kIe
\oN-∑m-tcbpw \ymbw hn[n-°p-∂-Xns\ Ipdn-®mWv 6,7
hmIy-߃ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
23:8˛12 8˛39 hsc-bp-ff hmIy-ß-fn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ hoc-
∑m-cpsS Hcp ]´n-I-bmWv \evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]´n-
I-bn¬ tbmhm_v BZ-cn-°-s∏-´n-´n-√-sb-∂Xv {]tXyIw
{it≤- b - a m- W v ; Hcp ]s£ Xm≥ A_v i - t em- a ns\
sIm∂Xp sIm≠m-bn-cn°mw (A-_vt\¿, Aamk F∂n-
hsc Ipdn®pw kqNn-∏n-®n-´n-√) 1 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 11:11-˛47-
˛¬ CXn-t\mSp kam-\-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp∂ ]´nI Zmho-
Zns‚ `c-W-Øns‚ Bcw-`-\m-fp-I-fn-ep-f-f-Xm-bn-cn-°p-
tºmƒ, Cu t]cp-hn-hc - ∏
- ´- nI Xs‚ `c-WI
- m-eL- ´- Ø- ns‚
Ah- k m\ \mfp- I - f n¬ Xøm- d m- ° - s ∏- ´ - X m- b n- c p- ∂ p.
Xo¿Øpw kam-\-am-bn-´p-ff H∂√ CsX-¶n-epw, Cu ]´n-
I-Iƒ XΩn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw kmay-ß-fp-≠v. Cu ]pcp-j-
∑m-sc-°p-dn®pw Ah-cpsS A¤p-X-Im-cy-ßsf Ipdn-®p-ap-
ff IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-߃ 1 Zn\. 11-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚
hymJym-\-Øn¬ ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
BZysØ aq∂p hoc-∑m¿ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂h
- c
- m-bn-cp∂p:
1. Fkv \ y¿ AZot\m F∂p Adn- b - s ∏- S p∂
tbmti_v ˛ _t»-s_-Øv˛ Ah≥ FÆq-dp-t]sc Htc
ka-bØp B{I-an®p sIm∂p. (ap-∂qdp F∂mWv 1 Zn\-
hr-Øm-¥Ø - n¬ ]d-bp-∂X
- v, F∂m¬ AXv Hcp ]I¿sØ-
gp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ]niIv BIm-\mWv km≤y-X).
2. Fse-bm-km¿ ˛ Xt∂mSp IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]S-
P\w ]n∑mdn s]mbv°-f-™-t∏mgpw Ah≥ s^en-kvXy-
tcmSp t]mcm-Sn. acn-®h- sc sImf-fb
- Sn°p-hm≥ am{X-amWv
Ah¿ aS-ßn-h∂ - X- v. bp≤w Ign-™t- ∏mƒ, hmfn¬\n∂pw
hnc-ep-Iƒ hnS¿Øp-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w Xs‚ ssI
Xf¿∂p t]mbn-cp∂p (Hcp ]s£ amwk-t]-in-Iƒ tIm®n
hen-®-Xm-Imw).
3. iΩm ˛ bn{km-tb¬ P\w ]n∑mdn HmSn-t∏m-b-
t∏mƒ Ah≥ X\n®p s^en-kvXy-sc t\cn-´p. sNdp-]-b-
dns‚ hb-en¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v Ah≥ i{Xp-°t- fmSp t]mcm-
Sn, hen-sbmcp Pbw t\Sn.
23:13-˛17 t_Xvetlw s^en-kvXy-cpsS Iøn-em-bn-cp-
∂-t∏mƒ, AZp√mw Kpl-bn¬ ]m¿°p∂ Zmho-Zn-s‚-b-Sp-
°¬ h∂ hoc-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p t]cp-]d - b
- msX ChnsS {]Xn-
]m-Zn-°s- ∏-´n-cn-°p∂ aq∂p-t]¿. Ah¿ Zmho-Zn-s‚-bS- p-°¬
h∂-t∏mƒ, t_Xve-tl-anse InW-‰n¬ \n∂p-ff sh≈w
IpSn-∏m-\p-ff B{Klw ZmhoZp {]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Xß-fpsS
Pohs\ ]W-bs - ∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v, Cu ]pcp-j∑ - m¿ s^en-
kv X ycpsS ]mf- b - Ø n¬ IqSn- I - S - ∂ p- s N∂v shffw
sIm≠p h∂p Zmho-Zn\p sImSp-Øp. Cu XymK-Øn¬
hnP-bm-ÀmZw ]q≠ Xm≥ AXp IpSn-∏m≥ a\- n-√msX
btlm-hbv°p \nth-Zn®p Hgn®p If-™p. hneywkv A`n-
{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:
tbip- h n- t \mSv hf- s c- b - S pØp Pohn- ° p∂h¿°v ,
B{^n°bn¬ \n∂pw C¥y-bn¬ \n∂pw, ssN\-bn¬\n-
∂p-ap-ff kvt\l-Øn\p th≠n-bp-ff Xs‚ lrZ-b-hm©
tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. Cu hoc-∑m-sc-t∏m-se, Ah¿
Xß-fpsS `h-\hpw kºØpw ]pd-In-se-dn™p sIm≠v
s^en-kvXy-cpsS Iøn-em-bn-cp∂ t_Xvet- l-anse InW¿
t]mse \n -lm-b-cmbn kmØms‚ A[o-\-X-bn¬ InS-
°p∂ cmPy-ß-fpsS kvt\lhpw Bcm-[-\bpw {InkvXp-
hn\p th≠n t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ Xß-fpsS {]mWs\ ]W-
b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm sh®p sImSp-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂p.(22)
23:18-˛23 Zmho-Zn‚ {]i-kvXc-mb hoc-∑m¿ c≠p-t]¿
IqSn-bp≠v, Ah-cm-bn-cp∂p;
1. A_o-imbn ˛ Ah≥ ap∂qdp t]sc sIm∂p.
16˛mw hmIyØn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ aq∂p
t]cpsS Xe-h-\m-bn-cp∂p Ah≥; F∂m¬ Ah-cn¬ Hcp-
h-\m-bn-cp-∂n√.
2. s_\-bmhv ˛ tamhm-_nse knwl-Xp-ey-cmb c≠p
hoc-∑msc Ah≥ sIm∂p. IqSmsX lna-Im-eØv Hcp
Kpl-bn¬ sN∂v Hcp knwl-tØbpw Xt∂-°mƒ IqSp-
X¬ Bbp[w Iøn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp an{k-bn-ay-t\bpw
Ah≥ sIm∂p-I-f-™p.
23:24-˛39 Zmho-Zns‚ hoc-∑mcpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Ah-km-
\sØ Bfp-I-fmb ap∏-Xp-t]sc (A-Yhm ap∏Øn Ggv)
Ipdn-®mWv 24-˛39 hmIy-ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-
 2 iap-th¬ 24
Xv. Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse ap∏Xv apJy-∑m¿ (hm.13,24) ap∏-
Øn-tbgp apJy-∑m¿ (hm.39) F∂n-ß-s\-bp-ff Nne
kwJy-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v. ap∏-Xp-t]¿
F∂Xv ssk\y-Ønse Hcp t{ijvT kwL-am-bn-cp-∂n-cn-
°Ww, F∂m¬ Hcn- ° ¬ As√- ¶ n¬ as‰m- c n- ° ¬
ssk\y-Øns‚ tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®n-cp-∂-h-cpsS BsI
FÆw IW-°m-°p-tºmƒ ap∏-Øn-tbgp Bbn-cp-∂n-cn-
°mw. tbmti-_v-˛-_-t»-_Øv (A-Yhm AZo-t\m), Fse-
bm-k¿, iΩm, (hm.8-˛12), At∏m-kvX-em-∑m-tcm-Sp-ff
_‘-Øn¬, Ht∂m ct≠m t]¿ Ft∏mgpw IqsS-bn-s√-
¶n-epw, “]¥ncp-h¿” F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse “ap∏Xp-
t]¿” F∂Xv Hcp kmt¶-XnI ]Z-{]-tbm-K-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.
CXv tIhew A£-cm¿∞-Øn-ep-f-f-Xm-Im\pw km≤y-X-
bp-≠v, F∂m¬ ]´n-Ib - nse Ah-km-\sØ hoc-]p-cp-j≥,
t_Xvti-_b - psS `¿Øm-hmb Ducn-bm-hn-s\-t∏mse bp≤-
Øn¬ acn-®h - ¿°p ]I-ca
- mbn \nb-an-°s
- ∏-´h
- c
- m-bn-cn°mw
ap∏-Xp-t]-cn¬ Ihn-™p-f-f-h¿.
I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hn\pw hoc-]p-cp-j-∑m¿ (kv{Xo-I-
fpw) D≠v. Xs∂ tkhn® hoc-∑m-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ ZmhoZv
{]tXyIw FSp-Øp-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se,- A-h\pw
Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ {]tXyIw Ipdn-®p-h-
bv°pw. \ΩpsS ]Zhn GXm-bn-cp-∂m-epw, \ap°pw hnizm-
k-Øn-\p-th≠n \√ t]m¿ s]mcp-Xmw.
{InkvXp-hns‚ ]S-bm-fn-Itf DW-cp-I.
\nß-fpsS Bbp-[-߃ [cn-°p-I.
\nXy-\mb Xs‚ ]p-{X≥ apJm-¥cw
ssZhw \evIp∂ i‡n-bn¬ _e-s∏-Sp-I.
Ahs‚ apgp-i-‡nbpw [cn-®p-sIm≠v
Ahs‚ Aan-X-_-e-Øn¬ B{i-bn®p \nev°p-I,
bp≤-Øn-\mbn \ns∂-Øs∂ AWn-bn-°p-hm≥
ssZh-Øns‚ k¿∆m-bp-[-h¿§w FSpØp sImƒI
˛ Nmƒkv sh…n
Zmho-Zns‚ P\-kwJy KW-\hpw AXns‚ A\-¥c
^e-ßfpw (A.24)
ZmhoZv sbcp-itew ]nSn-®S°n Ipd-®p-\mƒ Ign-™-
ti-j-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw (A.5), hnip≤ \K-c-Øn-te°p
s]´Iw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\p apºm-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p (A.6)
ChnsS tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ kw`-hß - ƒ \S-∂s
- X∂v
hneyw. Un. t{Im°‰v A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p(23)
24:1 bn{kmtben-t‚bpw blq-Z-bp-tSbpw P\-kwJy
FSp-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Xs‚ tIm]-Øn¬ Zmho-Zn-t\mSp
]d-™-Xm-bn´v \ap°p tXm∂pw.- ]s£ Cßs\ sNøp-
hm≥ X°-hÆw Zmho-Zns\ tXm∂n-∏n-®Xv kmØm-\m-bn-
cp-∂p-sh∂v 1:Zn\ 21:1˛¬ \n∂pw \ap°v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
Ign-bpw. kmØm≥ AXn\p _≤-s∏-SpØn (precipi-
tated) (Xs‚ lrZ-b-Ønse Al-¶mcw \nan-Øw) ZmhoZv
AXp \n¿∆-ln®p (performed). ssZhw AXp A\p-h-
Zn- ® p (permited). A\- ¥ cw “Ah≥ Zmho- Z n\p
tXm∂n®p” F∂mWv sk]v‰p-Pn‚ v `mjm-¥c - Ø
- n¬ H∂mw
345
hmIyw hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
24:2˛9 P\-kwJy FSp-°p-hm≥ cmPmhv tbmhm-_n-
t\mSv I¬∏n-®-t∏mƒ, Zmho-Zns‚ B ssk\ym-[n-]≥
Ah≥ sNbvX-Xn-t\-°mƒ DØ-a-amb Xo¿∏p cmPm-hn\p
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øn. P\sØ FÆp-∂Xp Xs‚ {]Xm]w
hne-kp-∂-Xn-\p-ff Dt±-iy-tØmSp IqSn-bm-sW∂v Ah\p
a\- n-em-bn, AXp ths≠∂p hbv°p-hm≥ Ah≥ cmPm-
hn-t\m-S-`y¿∞n®p F¶nepw hy¿∞-am-bn. Zmho-Zns‚
Iev ] \ A\p- k - c n®v tbmhm_pw Xs‚ Bfp- I fpw
P\sØ FÆp-∂-Xn\v tZi-sØ-√m-bn-Shpw k©-cn-®p,
Aßs\ bn{km-tb-en¬ F´p-e£w tbm≤m-°fpw blq-
Z-bn¬ A©p-e£w t]cpw Ds≠-∂-h≥ I≠p-]n-Sn-®p.
P\-kwJy FSp-°p∂ Ah-kc - Ø
- n¬ hos≠-Sp∏p hne-
bmbn Ac-ti-t°¬ hoXw P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw tiJ-cn-
°-Ws - a∂v ]pd.30:12,13 hmIy-ßf
- n¬ Iev∏n-®n-´p-≠v. Zmho-
Zns‚ IW-s°-Sp-∏n¬ A°mcyw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´n-√.
Ahs‚ kzm`n-am-\w, P\sØ FÆp-hm≥ X°-hÆw
Ahs\ t{]cn-∏n-®psIm≠ncp-∂p. btlm-h-bpsS Ic-ß-
fn¬ B{i-bn-°p-∂X - n\p ]Icw Xs‚ ssk\y-_e - Ø
- n¬
B{i-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v, Cu P\-kwJy IW-s°-Sp∏v Imc-
W-am-Ipw.
24:10-˛14 P\-sØ-sb√mw FÆn-°-gn-™-t∏mƒ Zmho-
Zn\v Xs‚ Ip‰w t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Ib - pw, Aßs\ Xm≥ am∏n-
\mbn btlm-h-tbmSp \ne-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xmsg
]d-bp∂ in£-If - n¬ GsX-¶n-ep-sam∂v \n¿t±-in-°p-hm≥
ssZhw {]hm-N-I-\mb KmZns\ Ahs‚bSp-°¬ Ab-
®p. (1) tZiØv Ggp-h¿jsØ £maw, (2) Xs‚ i{Xp-
°ƒ aq∂p-amkw Xs∂ ]n¥p-S-cp∂ Ahÿ (3) aq∂p
Znh-ksØ alm-amcn AYhm kmw{I-anI tcmKw. a\p-
jy-cpsS Ic-ß-fn¬ hogp-hm≥ CS-bm-ImsX btlm-h-
bpsS Iøn¬ hogp-∂Xp ZmhoZv Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp.
24:15-˛25 btlmh aq∂p Znh-ksØ alm-amcn Ab-
®p. P\-Øn¬ Fgp-]X - n-\m-bncw t]¿ acn-®p. Ac-hv\b
- psS
(H¿∂m≥ F∂pw hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p) saXn-°-f-Øn-\-cn-sI-
sb-Ønb kwlm-cZ- q-Xs\ ssZhw XS™p \n¿Øp-tºmƒ
Ah≥ sbcp-itew ]´Ww apgp-h≥ \in-∏n-°p-hm≥
HcpßpIbm-bn-cp-∂p. ZmhoZpw Ahs‚ Krlhpw sX‰p
sNbvX-Xn\v Ah≥ bn{k-tb¬ P\sØ \in-∏n-°p-∂-
sX-¥n-\m-sW∂v ZmhoZv btlm-h-tbmSp tNmZn-®p. Ac-
hv\-bpsS If-Øn¬ btlm-hbv°v Hcp bmK-]oTw D≠m-
°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p KmZv apJm-¥ncw ssZhw Zmho-
Zn\p \evInb adp-]-Sn. Aßs\ sb_q-ky-\mb Ac-hv\-
bn¬ \n∂pw B \new hmßp-hm-\p-ff {Iao-I-c-W-߃
ZmhoZv cmPmhv DS-\Sn sNbvXp. Achv\ Hcp PmXo-b-\m-
bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xt∂-bpw, Ah≥ saXn-°fw hne
IqSmsX \evIp-I-am-{X-a√ bmK-Øn-\p-ff Imf-I-tf-bpw,
saXn-°p-hm-\p-]t- bm-Kn-°p∂ D]-Ic - W
- ß
- ƒ hnd-In-\mbpw
\evIm-sa∂v ]d-™p. At∏mƒ ZmhoZv “F\n°v H∂pw
Nne-hn-√msX Rm≥ Fs‚ ssZh-amb btlm-hbv°v
tlma-bmKw Ign-°-bn√” F∂v hn\o-X-ambn adp-]Sn
\evIn.
346
HSp-hn¬ H≥]Xp tit°¬ shf-fn°v ZmhoZv B
Ifhpw Imf-I-tfbpw hmßn. 1 Zn\.21:25 ˛¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv
ZmhoZv B ÿe-Øn\v 600 tit°¬ s]m∂p sImSp-
Øp-sh-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ saXn-°f - Ø
- n\p Np‰p-ap-ff ÿe-
hpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-´n-´p≠v F∂Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√). bmK-
]o-T-Øn¬ tlma-bmKw A¿∏n-°-s∏´t∏mƒ _m[ hn´p-
amdn (hm.25)
tamdnbm ae- b n- e p- f f Ac- h v \ - b psS saXn- ° - f w,
A{_lmw bnk-lm-°ns\ bmKw Ign® AtX ÿe-am-
bn-cp-∂n-cn-°m≥ km≤y-Xb - p-≠.v ]n¬°m-eØv AXv item-
tams‚ ssZhm-e-b-ÿ-e-hpw, AXn-\p-tijw {InkvXp-
hns‚ ImeØv sltcm-Zm-hns‚ Be-b-ÿm-\hpw Bbn-
Øo¿∂p. C∂v ap…o-߃ “Z tUmw Hm^v Z tdm°v F∂
t]cn¬ Xß-fpsS Hcp ]pWy-k-t¶-X-ambn AXv ssIh-
i-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]oUm-Im-esØ Be-b-Øn-
s‚bpw BXy-¥n-I-am-bn, kl-{km_vZ hmgvNm-Im-esØ
Be-bØ - n-t‚bpw ÿm\w CXm-bn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv km≤y-
X.
hnizmk hoc-∑msc kw_-‘n-®p-ff {]Xn-]m-Z-\-co-Xn-
bn¬ thZ-`m-K-ß-sf√mw Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambpw \oXn
]pe¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Zmho-Zn\v Xt‚-Xmb tZmj-ßf
- p-≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ hnizm-k-tØm-sSm∏w Ahbpw tcJ-s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B´n≥ Iq´-Øn¬\n∂pw XpS-ßn, \mSp-
I-S-Ø-s∏´ Ah-ÿ-bn-eqsS IS-∂-tijw A`yp-Zbw
{]m]n® Zmho-Zns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂ \Ωn¬ Ipd-®p-t]¿ ssZh-
tØmSp hf-sc-bS- pØp Pohn-®p. F∂m¬ Ipd-®p-t]¿ ]m]-
Øn-∂m-gØ - n-te°p hoWp-t]m-bn. F∂m¬ Ch-bn-se√mw
btlmh Ahs\ Xmßn \S-Øn. ZmhoZv IS-∂p-t]mb
A\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw \ap°pw {]tbm-P\w kn≤n-
®n-´p≠v; ImcWw Ah-sb√mw Xm≥ Xs‚ k¶o¿Ø-\-
ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
iap-th-ens‚ ]pkvX-I-Ønse Zmho-Zns‚ `mh-sØ-
°p-dn®pw k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fnse Xs‚ `mh-sØ-°p-dn®pw
amXyp sl≥{Sn A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:
Xs‚ Ncn-{X-Ønse ]e Imcy-ßfpw hn⁄m-\-{]-Z-
amb ]mT-߃ \evIp-∂-h-bm-Wv. AXn\p Imc-W-°m-c-
\mb B hoc-]p-cp-js\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw, ChnsS
]e kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw Xm≥ alm-\mbpw \√-h-\mbpw
IqSmsX kz¿§-Ønse {]oXn ]m{X-ambpw ImW-s∏-
Sp∂psh¶nepw, Ncn-{X-tØ-°m-fp-]-cn, Xs‚ k¶o¿Ø-
\-ß-fn-em-Wv, Xs‚ amlmflyw IqSp-X¬ tim`n-°p-∂Xv
F∂ hkvXpX kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p(24)
40-˛mw k¶o¿Ø-\Ø
- nse hm°p-Iƒ Zmho-Zns‚ Pohn-
XsØ kap-Nn-X-ambn kwt£-]n-°p∂p:
Rm≥ btlm- h - b v ° mbn ImØp- I m- Ø n- c n- ° p- ∂ p;
Ah≥ F¶-te°p Nm™p, Fs‚ \ne-hnfn tI´p. \mi-
I-c-amb Ipgn-bn¬ \n∂pw Ipg™ tN‰n¬ \n∂pw Ah-
s\s∂ Ib-‰n, Fs‚ Imep-Isf Hcp ]md-ta¬ \ndp-Øn,
Fs‚ Ka-\sØ ÿnc-am-°n. Ah-s\s‚ hmbn¬ ]pXn-
2 iap-th¬ 24
tbmcp ]m´p X∂p. \ΩpsS ssZh-Øn\p kvXpXn Xt∂;
]ecpw AXp I≠p `b-s∏´p btlm-h-bn¬ B{i-bn°pw
(k-¶o. 40:1˛3).
ENDNOTES
1(1:17, 18) Quoted by Keil and Delizsch, “The
Books of Sammuel, “in Biblical Commentary on the
Old Testament,” VII:286, 87.
2(3:31-39) William Hoste and William Rodgers,
Bible Problems and Answers, p. 214.
3(5:22-25) Keil and Delitzsch maintain that Gibeon
“is unquestionably the true reading, and Geba an error
of the pen, “because Geba is in the wrong place for
this account (“Samuel,”VII: 326).
4(7: 16, 17) Irving L. Jensen, I and II Samuel,
p.92.
5(7:18-29) William Garden Blaikie, “The Second
Book of Samuel, “in the Expositor,s Bible, p.105
6(8:3-8) There is some confusion when we
compare v.4 with 1 Chronicles18. Verse 4 says that
one thousand chariots (the world Chariots is supplied
by the translators), seven hundred horsemen were
captured, while 1 Chronicles 18:4say that seven
thousand horsemen were taken. Then number in 2
Samuel may be from one battle, while the number in
Chronicles may be the total taken throughout the
conflict. Or this may simply be a copyist’s error
7(8:13)If “Syrians” (Heb. Aram) is correct here it
could mean that the Edomites (Heb. Edom) sought
help from them. However, since Aram and Edom are
spelled nearly alike in the Hebrew consonantal text
(“r” and “d” being often confused in copying) it is
more likely a copyist’s error.
8(8:13) Not all conservative commentators believe
the superscriptions of the Psalms are original, but the
author and editor of the BBC do.
9(8:13) Eugene H. Merrill, “2Chronicles,” In The
Bible Knowledge Commentary, p.608.
10(9:1-13) However, while “Lo” definitely means
“no,” the standard vowels for “pasture” are dober,
not debar The consonants dbr can mean “word” or
“thing” in Hebrew. A possible rendering could thus
be “no thing” or “nothing.”

11(10:15-19) John Haley, Alleged Discrepancies
of the Bible, p.321.
12(10:15-19) George Williams, The Student’s
Commentary on the Holy Scriptures , p.166.
13(11:1-5) Mathew Henry “The Books of Samule,”
Mathew Henry’s Commentary on the Whole Bible,
II:494.
14(12:10-14) G. Campbell Morgan, Searchlights
from the Word, p.91.
(12:15-23)Henry,”Samuel,” II:504.
16(12:26-30) Flavius Josephus, The Works of
Josephus, Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers,
1987,p.193.
17(12:31) Keil and Delitzsch believe that the more
cruel meaning is correct and that the facts should not
be softened by re-translating. However, they see the
punishment as meted out either only on the fighting
men taken prisoners or referring “at the most to the
347
male population of the acropolis of Rabbah” (Samuel,”
VII: 396).
18(14:14) Hoste and Rodgers, Bible Problems,
p.215.
19(15:7-12) Since David’s entire reign was forty
years long the traditional reading here (forty) is
doubtless a copyist’s error. Numbers were especially
hard to copy perfectly in ancient Hebrew manuscripts.
20(21:15-22) Cited by Keil and Delitzsch,
“Samuel,” VII: 446.
21(23:1-7) A marvelous musical setting of
America’s earliest composers, Richard Billings.
22(23:13-17) Williams, Student’s Commentary,
p.309.
23(Chap. 24: Intro) William D. Crocket, A
Harmony of Samuel, Kings and Chronicles, pp.138-
40.
24(24:15-25) Henry, “Samuel,” II:446.
NOTES