Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2022
VOCABULARY
LOG
Unit 4 instict or intelligence
Vocabulary
Achieve(verb)
These students are highly
motivated and
ready to achieve more
Vocabulary
word Function Meaning Example
Create p 109
Clever Hans
On a separate piece of paper, write five questions about Clever Hans. Use at least one word
from the Review or Expand sections in each question. Then exchange papers with a partner
and answer the questions. You can write or discuss your answers.
ORGANIZER
P114
Paraphrasing p.119
The problem is that we oſten look for human traits when we study animal behaviour.
But what may be clever for us needn’t be a viable attribute in other members of the
animal kingdom.
(we look for animals to have thoughts like us but we do not realize that they have another type of
intelligence resulting in certain things being understandable for them but not for us)
Human intelligence is strongly linked to the language we use to communicate with one
another,” says Bøckman. “As long as we can’t communicate with animals, it’s really hard
(It is said that language is like an intelligence given to understand that the more difficult languages
we know will determine how intelligent we are, concluding that we are not yet at the intelligence
of animals)
There are now numerous studies that compare the cognitive capabilities of various
species through investigations of their brains’ neural circuitry. is has contributed
toward answering questions about whether some of our human qualities can also exist
in other species and help lay the groundwork for better comparisons
(there are currently studies in which they study the genetics of animals comparing them with us
and seeing, looking for characteristics or our genes of humans in animals in order to determine
who is more intelligent or see more qualities)
Draft teacher’s correction
Corrected
draft
Unit project
Koko the gorilla
Born July 4, 1971, Koko was born Hanabi-ko, Japanese for "fireworks child,”
at the San Francisco Zoo. Researcher Francine Patterson began working with
Koko in 1972, teaching her sign language.
She was later moved to Stanford, and soon thereafter Patterson and
collaborator Ronald Cohn founded The Gorilla Foundation. In 1979 Koko
moved along with the group to the Santa Cruz Mountains. Research and work
with Koko, and other gorillas, has revealed that great apes have language
skills similar to small children. Anne Russon, a researcher at York University,
said that teaching Koko and other animals sign language, as opposed to
solely attempting verbal communication, was a “great leap forward.”
In addition to language, Koko's behavior also revealed emotions similar to
those of humans. Amongst the many human-like traits that made Koko special
was she seemed to have a sense of humor, and even a bit of playful
mischievousness. Koko was renowned as one of the most intellectual apes in
history, beloved by millions of people around the world. Under Patterson's
tutelage, she learned more than 1,000 words in sign language and came to
understand over 2,000 words spoken to her in English.
"She taught me more than I taught her, for sure," Patterson, 71, told ABC News
in a telephone interview Thursday. "She had opportunities to show her brilliance
and that’s what we saw. We saw a person, really. She had all the attributes of a
person and then some." Cynthia Gorney, a contributing writer for National
Geographic, interviewed Koko in 1985. At first, Koko did not seem to warm to
Gorney, calling her a toilet via sign language. As Gorney recalls, Patterson
reprimanded her, saying, “Koko! That is not nice." But Koko warmed to her
interviewer quickly, and when Gorney asked Koko where gorillas go when they
die, she signed, “Comfortable hole bye."
Besides her National Geographic covers, Koko appeared in several
documentaries, and famously interacted with actor Robin Williams in a 2001
video, in which she played with Williams and tried on his glasses.The Gorilla
Foundation said it a statement that it “will continue to honor Koko’s legacy and
advance our mission” by studying sign language in great apes and pursuing
conservation projects in Africa and elsewhere
Unit 6-
Word Fuction Meaning Example
1-Challenge noun Something that Studying and working
requires at the
extra effort or that is same time must be a
difficult. huge
challenge
2-Devote Verb To give all of He is devoted to his
something to job as a teacher and
something you always treats his
believe or to a students with love
person. and patience
3-Fulfilling adjective Something that make Nursing is hard work,
you feel or makes but it can be very
someone feel fulfilling.
satisfied or happy
UNIT PROJECT
In this unit, you have read a science fiction story about people living longer
lives. Even today, there are areas of the world as well as specific groups of
people who are already living lives that are significantly longer than average.
Areas where these people live are called “blue zones.” There are a number of
reasons why people in these longevity hotspots seem to live longer than
most people
UNIT PROJECT
IKARIA, GREECE
1. How long do the people live?
- In Ikaria it was found that residents are several times more likely to reach
the age of 90+ compared to normal.
2. Where do they live, and what is their environment like?
- The longest-lived Ikarians tended to be poor people living in the island’s
highlands. They exercised mindlessly by just gardening, walking to their
neighbor’s house, or doing their own yard work.
3. What is their diet?
- Ikarians eat a variation of the Mediterranean diet, with lots of fruits and
vegetables, whole grains, beans, potatoes, and olive oil.
4. What is their lifestyle?
- They usually maintain a home vegetable garden, look out over the bright
blue Aegean Sea, walk in nature, pick and eat fresh fruits, vegetables and
nuts, drink wine with their friends and family, sleep well and taking a siesta
and eat according to the Ikarian Diet.
5. What do they do that is different from what most people do?
- They have a good physical condition, due to daily exercise of manual work
and rural life. The daily walks, which includes mountain. Also, they have
midday rest, even if it’s a short nap. They don’t use a lot of medicine, sexual
activity is common there, even in older people.
6. How do experts explain their longevity?
- One explanation why they live so long is they eat a plant-based diet. Or it
could be the absence of sugar and white flour.
7. What can we learn from these people?
- We can learn to be grateful for the many things in the present rather than
be
in perpetual pursuit of the next thing in the future. We must spend time with
our family and friends, live our own life in the way we want and enjoy it.