STRENGTHENING OF RCC BEAM WITH ADVANCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Presented by – S.Siva,
ME – Structural Engineering,
Department of Civil Engineerig,
Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal, India
ABSTRACT : Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) is an advanced composite material with the advantages of high
strength, lightweight, no corrosion and excellent fatigue resistant. This is prevalent in harsh marine environments
particularly in zone where the water level actually periodic wetting and drying slowly deposit salt that penetrates the
concrete and corrodes the steel. An alternate to steel structure is carbon fibre composite cable which does not corrode. Its
cost is currently greater than the steel. However the cost of pre stressing strand materials is relatively small percentage of
bridge‘s overall cost. CFRP will reduce the maintenance cost of high bridge’s service life. This paper presents
construction of CFRP structures as well as the test results to determine the flexural strength of beam.
1. INTRODUCTION

Concrete is the second most used resource in the world
after water. Regardless of long service life of civil
engineering infrastructures, they cannot be considered as
maintenance-free. These engineering structures are the
most expensive investments and assets of any nation.
Worldwide incidents of tragic failures of civil
infrastructures remind that suitable measures are required
to avoid sudden collapse of civil structures and associated
loss of money and lives. The weakening and failure of
concrete structures occur mainly due to ageing of
materials, aggressive environmental conditions, prolonged
usage, overloading, difficulties involved in proper
inspection methods, and lack of maintenance. Traditional
methods of strengthening of building structures usually
mean unpleasant consequences and limitations. Nowadays
the most popular are EBR FRP systems (Externally
Bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer) based on the high-
strength organic (carbon, glass, and aramid) or inorganic
fibers (basalt and high-strength steel). With the
introduction of the fiber reinforcement, the construction
can apply other technologies previously reserved for the
textile and related industries.
Composite materials are ready through two or more
ingredient materials with many physical and chemical
functions that when combined construct a material with
characteristics completely different from the individual
elements. Most ordinarily used material is Fibre
strengthened polymer (FRP). The utilization of FRP as
outer reinforcement has received a lot consideration from
structural researchers. Its laminates have put on quality as
outer strengthening for the strengthening of reinforced
concrete structures. Externally bonded FRP laminates and
materials will be used to augment the flexural strength of
reinforced concrete beams.
2. OBJECTIVE
Fibres such as graphite and glass have excellent resistance
to creep, while the same is not true for most resins.
Therefore, the orientation and volume of fibres have a
significant influence on the creep performance of rebars
/tendons. Reinforced concrete itself is a composite
material, where the reinforcement acts as the
strengthening fibre and the concrete as the matrix. It is
therefore imperative that the behaviour under thermal
stresses for the two materials be similar so that the
differential deformations of concrete and the
reinforcement are minimized. It has been recognized that
the addition of small, closely spaced and uniformly
dispersed fiber’s to concrete would act as crack arrester
and would substantially improve its static and dynamic
properties.
3. METHODOLOGY
 Introduction
 Literature
 Collection of Materials
 Properties of Materials
 Testing of Materials
 Mix Design
 Specimen Casting
 Curing
 Testing of Specimen
 Comparison of test results
 Conclusion
4. MATERIAL AND SOURCE
A. Cement: The Ordinary Portland cement of 53-
grade was used in this study conforming to IS:
12269-1987 .The specific gravity of cement is 3.15.
The initial and final setting times were found as 35
minutes and 580 minutes respectively. Standard
consistency of cement was 30%.
B. Fine aggregates: The river sand is used as fine
aggregate conforming to the requirements of IS:
383-1970. Having specific gravity of 2.60, fineness
modulus of 2.73 and water absorption 1.5% has 6. FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
been used as fine aggregate for this study. Fibre Reinforced Concrete can be defined as a composite
C. Coarse Aggregate: Coarse aggregate obtained from material consisting of mixtures of cement, mortar or
local quarry units has been used for this study, concrete and discontinuous, discrete, uniformly dispersed
conforming to IS: 383-1970 is used. Maximum size of suitable fibres.
aggregate used is 20mm with specific gravity of 2.68, Fibre reinforced concrete are of different types and
fineness modulus of 5.96, water absorption 2.0% and properties with many advantages. Continuous meshes,
Impact Value of 15.2% has been used as coarse aggregate woven fabrics and long wires or rods are not considered
for this study. to be discrete fibres.
D. Carbon Fiber : Fibre is a small piece of reinforcing
material possessing certain characteristics properties. 7. CONCRETE MIX PROPORTION:
They can be circular or flat. The fibre is often described
by a convenient parameter called “aspect ratio”. The Concrete for M25 grade were prepared as per I.S-
aspect ratio of the fibre is the ratio of its length to its 10262:2009. A mix proportion of 1:1:2 with 0.44 water
diameter. Typical aspect ratio ranges from 30 to 150. cement ratio to get a characteristic strength of M25 was
Density of carbon fiber 1.92 g/cm3, Tenacity is 1.8 to 2.4 considered for this study.
KN/mm2 and Color in Black. Table1. Mateials Requirements
SPECIMEN TEST NO.OF NO.OF
E. Water : The water used for experiments was potable TYPES CONDUCTED DAYS SPECIMENS
water and it should be free from organic matter and the CUBE Compressive 7,14,28 3
pH value should be between 6 to 7 conforming as per IS: Strength
456-2000. CYLINDER Split tensile 7,14,28 3
Strength
5. USES OF CARBON FIBER BEAM Flexural Test 28 3
A. Physical strength, specific toughness, light weight
Aerospace, road and marine transport, sporting
goods
B. High dimensional stability, low coefficient of
thermal expansion, and low abrasion
Missiles, aircraft brakes, aerospace antenna and
support structure, large telescopes, optical benches,
waveguides for stable high-frequency (GHz) precision
measurement frames
C. Good vibration damping, strength, and toughness
Audio equipment, loudspeakers for Hi-fi
equipment, pickup arms, robot arms
D. Electrical conductivity
Automobile hoods, novel tooling, casings and
bases for electronic equipments, EMI and RF shielding,
brushes
E. Biological inertness and x-ray permeability
Medical applications in prostheses, surgery and
x-ray equipment, implants, tendon /ligament repair
F. Fatigue resistance, self-lubrication, high damping
Textile machinery, genera engineering
G. Chemical inertness, high corrosion resistance
Chemical industry; nuclear field; valves, seals,
and pump components in process plants
H. Electromagnetic properties
Large generator retaining rings, radiological
equipment