Higher Future Institute of Engineering and Technology

First year mechanical engineering Dr. Mohamed Atia

Chapter 6: Entropy
Thermodynamic processes

Isothermal process (T=constant)

1- Three kg of nitrogen gas at 27 ℃ and 0.15 MPa are compressed isothermally to

0.3 MPa in a piston-cylinder device. Determine the minimum work of compression
in kJ.

2- A piston cylinder device initially contains 0.4 m3 of air at 100 kPa and 80 ℃.
The air is now compressed to 0.1 m3 in such a way that the temperature inside the
cylinder remains constant. Determine the work done during this process.

Isobaric process (P=constant)

3- Air undergoes a constant pressure cooling process in which the temperature

decreases by 100 ℃. Determine the work done during this process.

Polytropic process (PVn=constant)

4- A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 5 kg of air at 150 kPa and 450 K.

Air is now compressed slowly in a polytropic process (n=1.4) until it reaches a final
temperature of 500 K. Determine (a) the work done during this process, (b) draw
the process on the P-V diagram.

Adiabatic process (PVk=constant)

5- A system contains 0.15 m3 of a gas at a pressure of 4 bar and 150 ℃. It is

expanded adiabatically till the pressure falls to 1.0 bar. The gas is then heated at a
constant pressure till its enthalpy increases by 70 kJ. Determine the total work
done. Take (cv=0.714 kJ/kg.K, cp= 1.0 kJ/kg.K).

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Higher Future Institute of Engineering and Technology
First year mechanical engineering Dr. Mohamed Atia

(Linear process) + (P=c) + (T=c)

6- One kg of a fluid expands reversibly according to a linear law from 4.2 bar to 1.4
bar; the initial and final volumes are 0.004 m3 and 0.02 m3. The fluid is then cooled
reversibly at constant pressure, and finally compressed reversibly according to a
law PV= constant back to the initial conditions of 4.2 bar and 0.004 m3.
 Calculate the work done in each process and the network of the cycle.
 Sketch the cycle on a p-v diagram.

Question 7

A- Prove that for adiabatic process that (PVk=c).

B- Prove that for adiabatic process:

R
W=m (T1 -T2 )
k-1

C- Prove that for polytropic process:

R
1. W = m (T1 -T2 )
n-1

k-n
2. Q = W
k-1