GENERIC / TRADE NAME CARBOCISTEINE

CLASSIFICATION Mucolytics

INDICATION Use for the treatment of disorders of the respiratory tract associated with excessive mucous.

CONTRAINDICATION Contraindicated in active peptic ulcer.

SIDE EFFECTS Nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, palpitations and heartburn may occur. Caution must be exercised in patients with a history of gastric or duodenal ulcer. Gastrointestinal bleeding and skin rash may occur.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY Assess cough for type, frequency, character. Tell patient to take with water and to drink plenty of fluids. Instruct patient to contact doctor if cough lasts more than 1 week. As appropriate, review all other significant adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the test mentioned above. Do not use more than the recommended dosage to prevent adverse reactions. The drug will make the sputum more liquid making it easier to cough up.

CEFACLOR

Antibiotic Cephalosporin (second generation)

Low respiratory tract infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, S. pyogenes URIs caused by S. pyogenes Dermatologic infections caused by Staphylococcus

Contraindicated with allergy to cephalosporins or penicillins. Use cautiously with renal failure, lactation, pregnancy.

CNS: Headache, dizziness, lethargy, paresthesias

Culture infection before drug therapy. Give drug with meals or food

GI: Nausea, to decrease GI discomfort. vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal Refrigerate suspension after pain, flatulence, reconstitution, and discard pseudomembranous

aureus, S. pyogenes UTIs caused by E. coli, P. mirabilis, Klebsiella, coagulase-negative staphylococci Otitis media caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. pyogenes, staphylococci ER tablets: Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, secondary infections of acute bronchitis, pharyngitis, and tonsilitis due to S. pyogenes; uncomplicated skin infections Unlabeled use: Acute uncomplicated UTI in select patients, single 2-g dose Peripheral and cerebral vascular insufficiency with spastic component showing symptoms: dizziness; forgetfulness; confusion; visual, auditory and speech abnormalities; coldness and numbness of limbs; color changes and ischemic ulcers; Raynaud s Disease

colitis, liver toxicity GU: Nephrotoxicity Hematologic: Bone marrow depression Hypersensitivity: Ranging from rash to fever to anaphylaxis; serum sickness reaction Other: Superinfections

after 14 days. Discontinue drug if hypersensitivity reaction occurs. Give patient yogurt or buttermilk in case of diarrhea. Arrange for oral vancomycin for serious colitis that fails to respond to discontinuation of drug.

GENERIC NAME: ISOXSUPRINE BRAND NAME: DUVADILAN

Vasodilator

Hypersensitivity to isoxsuprine or any component of the formulation

Transient flushing Hypotension Rashes Gastrointestinal disturbances Maternal pulmonary edema

Assess patient s condition before therapy. Assess potential benefits from drug therapy. Monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions. Inform patient about the possible side effects, adverse symptoms to report.

Arterial hemorrhage, heart disease, severe anemia Should not be administered

Uterine hypermotility disorders: threathened abortion; premature labor; dysmenorrheal

immediately in postpartum and premature labor

Tachycardia Transient palpitations Dizziness

ACETAMINOPHEN Antipyretic Analgesic (nonopioid)

Analgesic-antipyretic in patients with aspirin allergy, hemostatic disturbances, bleeding diatheses, upper GI disease, gouty arthritis Arthritis and rheumatic disorders involving musculoskeletal pain (but lacks clinically significant antirheumatic and antiinflammatory effects) Common cold, flu, other viral and bacterial infections with pain and fever Unlabeled use: Prophylactic for children receiving DPT vaccination to reduce incidence of fever and pain

Contraindicated with allergy to acetaminophen. Use cautiously with impaired hepatic function, chronic alcoholism, pregnancy, lactation.

CNS: Headache CV: Chest pain, dyspnea, myocardial damage when doses of 58 g/day are ingested daily for several weeks or when doses of 4 g/day are ingested for 1 yr GI: Hepatic toxicity and failure, jaundice GU: Acute kidney failure, renal tubular necrosis Hematologic: Methemoglobinem iacyanosis; hemolytic

Do not exceed the recommended dosage. Consult physician if needed for children < 3 yr; if needed for longer than 10 days; if continued fever, severe or recurrent pain occurs (possible serious illness). Avoid using multiple preparations containing acetaminophen. Carefully check all OTC products. Give drug with food if GI upset occurs. Discontinue drug if hypersensitivity reactions occur. Treatment of overdose: Monitor serum levels regularly, N-acetylcysteine

anemia hematuria, anuria; neutropenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia Hypersensitivity: Rash, fever

should be available as a specific antidote; basic life support measures may be necessary.

AZITHROMYCIN

Macrolide antibiotic

Treatment of lower respiratory infections: Acute bacterial exacerbations of COPD due to H. influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae; communityacquired pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae Treatment of lower respiratory infections: Streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes in those who cannot take penicillins Treatment of uncomplicated skin

Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, or any macrolide antibiotic. Use cautiously with gonorrhea or syphilis, pseudomembranou s colitis, hepatic or renal impairment, lactation.

CNS: Dizziness, headache, vertigo, somnolence, fatigue GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, dyspepsia, flatulence, vomiting, melena, pseudomembranou s colitis Other: Superinfections, angioedema, rash, photosensitivity, vaginitis

Culture site of infection before therapy. Administer on an empty stomach 1 hr before or 23 hr after meals. Food affects the absorption of this drug. Prepare Zmax by adding 60 mL water to bottle, shake well. Counsel patients being treated for STDs about appropriate precautions and additional therapy.

Instruct patient to take the full course prescribed. Do

infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae Treatment of nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis due to C. trachomatis; treatment of PID Treatment of acute sinusitis Treatment of otitis media caused by H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae in children > 6 mo Treatment of pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children > 2 yr who cannot use first-line therapy Prevention and treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in patients with advanced AIDS Treatment of patients with

not take with antacids. Tablets and oral suspension can be taken with or without food. Prepare Zmax by adding 60 mL (1/4 cup) water to bottle, shake well, drink all at once. You may experience these side effects: Stomach cramping, discomfort, diarrhea; fatigue, headache (medication may help); additional infections in the mouth or vagina (consult with health care provider for treatment). Report severe or watery diarrhea, severe nausea or vomiting, rash or itching, mouth sores, vaginal sores.

mild to moderate acute bacterial sinusitis caused by H. influenzae, Moracellis catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Zmax) Treatment of mild to moderate communityacquired pneumonia caused by Chlamydophila pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Zmax) Unlabeled uses: Uncomplicated gonococcal infections caused by N. gonorrhoeae; gonococcal pharyngitis caused by N. gonorrhoeae; chlamydial infections caused by C. trachomatis; prophylaxis after sexual attack