DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION/ SIDE EFFECTS/ NURSING

NAME OF ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE CONSIDERATIONS

EFFECTS
Indications Contraindicati
on

1. Oral >Oral rehydration >For >Precise >Mild vomiting may >

Rehydration salts are given replacement of parenteral occur when oral
Salts orally to prevent or water and administration therapy has begun,
(Uphalyte) treat dehydration electrolyte of water and but therapy should be
due to acute loss associated electrolytes is continued with
Adults- ORS diarrhoea. Essential with diarrhoea recommended frequent, small
0.042(0.0425 water and salts are and vomiting. in the amounts of solution
) PO PRN lost in stools and following administered slowly.
vomitus, and conditions and Rarely, symptoms of
dehydration results the use of oral hypernatreamia
when blood volume rehydration (dizziness, fast
is decreased should not be heartbeat, high blood
because of fluid used except pressure, irritability,
loss from the under special muscle twitching,
extracellular fluid circumstances: restlessness,
compartment. seizures , swelling of
Preservation of the Anuria or feet or lower legs , or
facilitated glucose- oliguria, weakness) may be
sodium cotransport severe experienced.
system in the dehydration
small-bowel with
mucosa is the symptoms of
rationale of oral shock, severe
rehydration diarrhoea,
therapy. Glucose is inability to
actively absorbed drink, severe
in the normal and sustained
intestine and carries vomiting.
sodium with it in
about an equimolar Diarrhoea is
ration. Therefore, exacerbated
there is a greater and
net absorption of an dehydration
isotonic salt worsened
solution with when oral
glucose than one rehydration
without it. solutions are
Potassium given to
replacement during patients with
acute diarrhoea glucose
prevents below- malabsorption
normal serum ; volume of
concentrations of stool is greatly
potassium, increased and
especially in contains large
children, in whom amounts of
stool potassium glucose.
losses are higher Rehydration
than in adults. therapy should
Bicarbonates are be
effective in discontinued.
correcting the In patients
metabolic acidosis with intestinal
caused by diarrhoea obstruction,
and dehydration. paralytic ileus
or perforated
bowel,
delayed
passage of
carbohydrate
and
electrolytes
solution
through the
gastrointestina
l tract may
increase the
risk of
gastrointestina
l irritation.