Mansoura University

Faculty of Engineering
Structural Engineering Department

Research on

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

(‫) اﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﳌﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺎﺑﻻﻟﻴﺎف‬

Supervised by

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Abd El Reheem

Prepared by
Yasser Mosaad Hussein El Saied

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 ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮي‪-:‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ )اﻟﺼﻼﺑﺔ – اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ – اﻟﺼﻼدة(‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﻟﯿﺎف‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎذا ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮوﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ ﻟﮫ اﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ‪ -‬اﻻﯾﺎف اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿﮫ – اﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ﺑﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف طﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﻮﻋﯿﺔ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرات اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﻻي ﺧﻠﻄﺔ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﺒﮭﺎ ﺗﺘﺼﻠﺪ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺤﺪث اﻧﻜﻤﺎش ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧﻜﻤﺎش ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﮫ ﺷﺮوخ ﺷﻌﺮﯾﺔ‬
‫دﻗﯿﻘﺔ ﺟﺪا)ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﯿﻞ(‪.‬‬
‫ﯾﺤﺪث ﻟﻠﺸﺮوخ اﻟﺸﻌﺮﯾﺔ اﺟﮭﺎدات )ﺣﯿﺚ ان اﻻﺟﮭﺎدات اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﺗﺤﺪث ف ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺪ وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﯾﺤﺪث اﺗﺴﺎع ﻟﻠﺸﺮوخ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺪ )ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﯿﻞ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ھﺬة اﻟﺸﺮوخ اوﺗﻘﯿﺪھﺎ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺴﻊ )ﯾﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﺪﺑﯿﺲ ﻟﮭﺬه اﻟﺸﺮوخ( ھﺬه اﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﯿﺲ ھﻲ‬
‫اﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺘﻢ اﺿﺎﻓﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﻲ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﺸﺮوﺧﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ ھﺬه اﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﯿﺲ)اﻻﻟﯿﺎف( ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺸﺮوخ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺪ ﻟﻠﺤﻀﻮل ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻮة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﺗﻜﻮن اﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﮭﺎ اﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ)اي‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ ﻟﻼﻟﯿﺎف اﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف‪:‬‬

‫ھﻲ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﺎم و اﻻﺳﻤﻨﺖ ﻣﻀﺎف اﻟﯿﮭﺎ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﺢ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ﻋﯿﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ و ﻣﻮزع ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﺊ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻻﺗﺠﺎھﺎت وﺗﺘﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﯿﻦ‪:‬‬

‫• اﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ و ھﻲ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﺑﻄﻮل ‪ 3‬اﻟﻰ ‪ 8‬ﺳﻢ و ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ 0.5‬اﻟﻰ ‪ 0.8‬ﻣﻢ‬
‫• اﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮوﺑﻠﯿﻦ و اﻟﺒﻮﻟﯿﺴﺘﺮ و ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف‬
‫اﻟﺼﻠﺐ و ﻟﻜﻨﮭﺎ ﻣﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﺻﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﺎف ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺺ و اﻟﺸﺪ و اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء واﻟﺼﺪم‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻤﻄﻮﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺸﺮوخ و اﻋﺎدة ﺗﻮزﯾﻌﮭﺎ و ﻟﻜﻦ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ﻻ ﺗﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻜﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﺤﻮل اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻧﮭﺎر ﻗﺼﻒ اﻟﻰ اﻧﮭﺎر ﻣﻄﯿﻞ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫•‬

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 ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ )اﻟﺼﻼﺑﺔ – اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ – اﻟﺼﻼدة(‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺼﻼﺑﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫• ﯾﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺻﻼﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﺎدة ﺑﻤﻌﺎﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ ﻟﮭﺎ‬
‫𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑠‬ ‫𝐴‪𝑝/‬‬ ‫𝐿‪𝑃.‬‬
‫=‪E‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫𝑛𝑖𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑠‬ ‫𝐿‪∆𝐿/‬‬ ‫𝐴‪𝐴𝐿.‬‬
‫• ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ اﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺔ𝐿∆ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ذاد ﻣﻌﯿﺎر اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﮫ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ‪:‬‬
‫• ھﻲ اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻤﻞ اﺟﮭﺎدات ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ دون ان ﺗﻨﻜﺴﺮ ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺣﯿﺚ ان اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﻘﺎس ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ )اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﮭﺸﺮة(‬

‫اﻟﺼﻼدة ‪:‬‬
‫• ھﻲ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺎدة ﻟﻠﺒﺮي واﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎك وﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺒﺎر ﻣﻄﺮﻗﺔ ﺳﻤﯿﺪث‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ اﻧﮭﺎ ﺗﻘﯿﺲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻣﻄﺮﻗﺔ ﺳﻤﯿﺪث ‪:‬او ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻲ ﺑﻤﻄﺮﻗﺔ اﻻرﺗﺪاد ھﻮ ﺟﮭﺎز ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺒﺎرات اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ ‪.‬ﺣﯿﺚ ان اﻻرﺗﺪاد ﯾﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻮة اﻟﺴﻄﺢ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺼﻄﺪم ﺑﮫ اﻟﻤﻄﺮﻗﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻔﺎﯾﺒﺮ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (1‬ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮ ﻛﺮﺑﻮن )اﻟﯿﺎف ﻛﺮﺑﻮن (‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮ ﺣﺪﯾﺪ )اﻟﯿﺎف ﺣﺪﯾﺪ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮ زﺟﺎج )اﻟﯿﺎف زﺟﺎﺟﯿﮫ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻟﯿﺎف ﺑﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮوﺑﻠﯿﻦ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺸﺪ ﻟﮭﺬه اﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ ‪.‬‬

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 ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﮫ ﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮوﺑﻠﯿﻦ اﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﮫ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬س‪:‬ﻟﻤﺎذا ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ان ‪E‬ﻟﮭﺎ اﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ E2‬؟‬
‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ان ﻣﺘﺎﻧﺘﮭﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﮫ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬س‪:‬ﻟﻤﺎذا ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺑﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮوﺑﻠﯿﻦ ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮ ؟‬

‫ﻻن ﻣﺘﺎﻧﺘﮫ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﮫ ﺟﺪا ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ھﻲ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺗﺘﺎﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ اﺳﻤﻨﺖ ﺑﻮرﺗﻼﻧﺪي ﻣﺎﺋﻰ و ﺣﺼﻲ ﻧﺎﻋﻤﮫ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ ﻣﻀﺎدة ﻟﻠﻘﻠﻮﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺎﻓﮫ اﻟﻰ اﺿﺎﻓﺎت ﻛﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰاﺗﮭﺎ‬

‫• ﻟﮭﺎ ﻗﺪرة ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺪ و اﻟﻘﺺ و اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء و اﻟﺼﺪم و‬
‫اﻻﻧﻜﻤﺎش‬
‫• ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ اﺗﺴﺎع اﻟﺸﺮوخ و اﻋﺎده ﺗﻮزﯾﻌﮭﺎ‬
‫• ﺗﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎدة ﺑﺰﯾﺎده ﻛﺒﯿﺮه ﺟﺪا ﺣﯿﺖ ﺗﺤﻮل اﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴﺮ ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺴﺮ ﻣﻄﯿﻞ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺼﻒ و ﺗﺪرﯾﺠﻲ‬

‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫رﻣﻞ‪+‬اﺳﻤﻨﺖ‪+‬اﻟﯿﺎف زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‪+‬اﺿﺎﻓﺎت ﻛﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬

‫اﺟﮭﺎد اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء )اﻟﺸﺪ(‬

‫• ‪ 22‬ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ ‪/‬ﻣﻢ‪ 2‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﺗﺠﺎه اﻻﻟﯿﺎف‬

‫• ‪ 11‬ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻣﻢ‪ 2‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻼﻟﯿﺎف‬
‫اﺟﮭﺎد اﻟﻘﺺ‪ 11 :‬ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ ‪/‬ﻣﻢ‪ 2‬ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻻﺗﺠﺎه ﻟﺴﻄﺢ اﻻﻟﻮاح‬
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‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ‪11-7:‬ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻣﻢ‬

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 ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﯾﻖ‪ :‬ﺿﻌﯿﻔﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻟﻼﻣﻼح و اﻻﺣﻤﺎض‬

‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ‪:‬‬

‫ھﻲ ﻣﻮاد ﺗﺘﺎﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﯿﺎف دﻗﯿﻘﺔ ﺟﺪا ﺗﺘﺮواح ﺑﯿﻦ ‪ 0.010 -0.005 mm‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬
‫ﺑﺒﻌﻀﮭﺎ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﻮرﯾﺎت ﻣﺠﮭﺮﯾﺔ ﻣﻮازﯾﺔ ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺠﻌﻠﮭﺎ ﻗﻮﯾﺔ ﺟﺪا و ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﻣﯿﻢ و اﻟﺘﺪﻋﯿﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺎءات اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ و ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﮭﺎ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺼﻠﺐ)اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ(‪:‬‬

‫ھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﺷﻌﯿﺮات او ﻗﻄﻊ ﺻﻐﯿﺮةﻟﮭﺎ ﺧﻮاص ﻣﺤﺪدة ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺒﺮوﻣﺔ او ﻣﺒﻄﻄﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻲ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻﯾﺎف ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (1‬ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ وﺟﻮد ﺗﻤﺎﺳﻚ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف واﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻻﺑﺪ اﻻ ﯾﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﯿﻂ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺣﻮﻟﮫ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﯾﻜﻮن اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﯾﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﮫ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﯾﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﺼﻼﺑﮫ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﯾﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﺼﻼدة‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻋﯿﻮب اﻻﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪﯾﺔ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﯾﺤﺪث دواﯾﺮ ﻛﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ ﺗﺆدي اﻟﻲ اﻟﺼﺪأ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ان ﻧﻠﺠﺄ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮوﺑﻠﯿﻦ او اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻧﯿﮫ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ ذات اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ ﻟﯿﻔﯿﮫ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻋﺪة اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ‪:.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ (1‬اﻻﺳﻤﻨﺖ)‪ (550-350‬ﻛﺠﻢ‪/‬م‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺎء )‪.%(0,6-0,4‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﺎم اﻟﻜﻠﻲ )‪.%(100-50‬‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻛﺒﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﺎم اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ‪10‬ﻣﻢ‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﮭﻮاء )‪.%(9-6‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف طﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﻮﻋﯿﺔ اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻣﻦ)‪ %(2,5-0,5‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Steel fiber (1-78)kg/m3 (1‬‬
‫‪Glass fiber (1-25)kg/m3 (2‬‬
‫‪poly propylene‬‬ ‫‪(1-11)kg/m3 (3‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ واﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻻﻟﯿﺎف ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرات اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﮫ ﻻي ﺧﻠﻄﺔ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﺮاﻋﻲ اﻻھﺘﻤﺎم ب‬
‫‪ (1‬اﻟﺨﻠﻂ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬اﻟﻨﻘﻞ ‪ :‬ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﯾﺤﺪث اﻧﻔﺼﺎل ﺣﺒﯿﺒﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬اﻟﺼﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻟﺪﻣﻚ ‪ :‬ھﺰاز – ﯾﺪوﯾﺎ واﻟﮭﺰ ﻟﮫ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﯾﺤﺪث ﺳﻘﻮط ﻛﺎﻧﺎت – ﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻠﻚ رﺑﺎط ‪.‬‬

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 ‫‪ (5‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﺠﯿﺪة‪.‬‬

‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﮫ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﯿﺎف ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (1‬رﺻﻒ اﻟﻄﺮق وارﺿﯿﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﮭﺎﺑﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺑﻼطﺎت اﻟﻜﺒﺎري ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮﺿﮫ ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﺸﺎﻗﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (5‬اﻟﻮرش‪.‬‬
‫‪ (6‬اﻟﻤﺨﺎزن ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (7‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻧﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (8‬ﻓﻠﻨﻜﺎت اﻟﺴﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (9‬اﻟﻘﺸﺮﯾﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ واﻟﺒﻼطﺎت اﻟﺮﻓﯿﻌﮫ ‪.‬‬

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