INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ORGANIZATION NAME
M/S Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad – Government Contractor

SUBMITTED BY;
Naeem Ashraf : 17-CT-810

SUBMITTED TO;
Department of Civil Technology

SUBMISSION DATE;
30th August, 2021

INTERNSHIP SUPERVISOR
Engr. Ahtsham – Project Manager

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL TECHNOLOGY

Faculty of Engineering, Lahore Leads University, Lahore
(Session 2017–2021)
 PREFACE

This report documents the work done during the internship at “M/S Sheikh Gulzar
Ahmad – Government Contractor.” under the supervision of “Engr. Ahtsham – (Project
Manager)”. The report first shall give an overview of the tasks completed during the period of
internship with technical details. Then the results obtained shall be discussed and analysed. Report
shall also elaborate on the future works which can be persuaded as an advancement of the current
work.

I have tried my best to keep report simple yet technically correct. I hope I succeed in my attempt.

NAEEM ASHRAF
:
17-CT-810

I
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE

II
 DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to my beloved parents whose endless and continuous support helped me out to
reach this stage and made me strong enough to face the problem.

I also dedicate my work to my teachers and fellows who polish my skills and make me able to know
the actual meaning of professional life.

III
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very thankful to M/S Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad for having allowed me to undertake
my eight-month internship training in their working area. It was very good learning experience for
me to have worked in this area. I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to resident engineers and
all staff member works in M/S Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad.

Last but not the least; I would like to give my deepest thanks to all workers from the
contractor and the consultant side starting from engineers to daily labourers. Also for those who do
not list in the above but support me in different areas, I would like to thank all.

IV
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

M/S SHEIKH GULZAR AHMAD is a construction Company known for well-recognized ability
to deliver projects in government as well as in private sector with exceptional quality on time and
budget. I worked under two departments of the company which was Construction Execution and
Quantity Surveying department. Above all this I have a brief training on the Business Development
section on which the contractor win the projects. These months of my training was full of technical
knowledge from office of contractor to the site work of the project. Major skills in got from this
training was mainly the estimations, preparation of BOQ, site supervision, quality control of site
works, testing of material and material procurement. Preparation of technical and financial proposal
for contractor was a little part of my training at the end of my training month. This taring was my
best ever knowledge that I took from any organization.

V
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description Pg.
Preface I
Internship Certificate II
Dedication III
Acknowledgement IV
Executive Summary V
Table of Content VI
List of Tables VII
List of Figures VIII

Chapter–01 Introduction 01
1.1 Overview of Organization 01
1.2 Organizational Structure 01
a. Organizational Structure 02
b. Number of Employees 03
c. Main Offices 03
d. Introduction of all the Departments 03
1. Construction Execution Department 04
2. QS Department 04
3. Planning Department 04
4. Account and Finance Department 04
5. Construction Management & Supervision Department 04
e. Comments on the organizational structure 05
Chapter–02 Industrial Training 06
2.1 Plan of Internship Program 06
2.2 Training Program 06
1. Construction Execution Department 06
2. Quantity Surveying Department 09
2.3 Reflective Journal Entries 12
2.4 Work Samples 21
Chapter–03 SWOT Analysis 49
3.1 Critical Analysis 49
3.2 SWOT Analysis 50
Chapter–04 Conclusions & Recommendations 53
4.1 Conclusions 53
4.2 Recommendations 53
References & Sources 54

VI
 LIST OF TABLES
Description Pg.
Table 1.1 Number of employees 3
Table 2.1 Format of bill of quantity 11

VII
 LIST OF FIGURES
Description Pg.
Figure 2.1 Supervision of Work 07
Figure 2.2 Testing of Material on Site 07
Figure 2.3 Inspecting Site Elements 08
Figure 2.4 Bar Bending Schedule 10
Figure 2.5 Extruding for foundation works 21
Figure 2.6 Concrete Pouring Works 21
Figure 2.7 Steel Fixing 22
Figure 2.8 Electrification duct Installation 22
Figure 2.9 Beam Fixing 22
Figure 2.10 Shuttering of Room 23
Figure 2.11 Testing of Level 23
Figure 2.12 Plum bob Leveling 24
Figure 2.13 Concrete upto plinth level 24
Figure 2.14 Steel Fixing with site supervisor 25
Figure 2.15 Verification of work at site 25
Figure 2.16 Quantities from AUTOCAD 26
Figure 2.17 BBS on MS Excel 26

VIII
Chapter–01 Introduction
1.1 Review of Organization
M/S Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad is a construction Company known for well-recognized ability to
deliver projects in government as well as in private sector with exceptional quality on time and
budget. Firm bring expertise to a broad range of sectors, including commercial office, residential,
industrial, healthcare, retail, hospitality and mixed-use. Through the use of subcontractors,
suppliers and our professional teams, we provide the necessary labor, materials, construction
services, tools, equipment, temporary utilities and facilities to complete construction of a project.

The firm is registered with Pakistan Engineering Council as C3 category with registration number
01548 and have capability to undertake project-costing upto 500 Million. The firm is on the
approved panel of various Government, Semi-Government Departments and Agencies and pre-
qualified / shortlisted for their projects. The firm’s Head Office is established in Lahore while a
Subsidiary Office is located in Islamabad. Site Offices are organized at outstations for various
projects execution requirements, wherever needed.

Firm has done wide variety of projects starting from government sector hospital buildings and
various government institute are being constructed by the firm which enhance its capability to
strengthen it ties in government departments as well as gives an edge to work with government.
The structure of the company is very much appreciated by the government and private entities due
to the deliverable capacity of individuals working in firm starting from civil engineers to fully
skilled labor. Capability of frim is fully depended on the dedicated people working under the flag
of M/s Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad. Firm under take each component of project with full devotions and
deliver the best in the market, which leaves ultimately the good impression. [1]

1.2 Organizational Structure

a. Organizational Chart

Organization chart of the firm is below;

Pg. 1
Figure 1.1: Organizational Chart

Pg. 2
b. Number of employees

Table 1.1: Number of employees

STAFF Nos
BSc Engineers 2
Sub Engineers 2
Surveyors 2
Draftsman 1
Site Supervisors 2
Accountant 1
Cashiers 1
Computer Operator 1
Store Keeper 1
Mix Operator 2
Drivers 2
Security Guards 1
Support Staff/ Office Boy 1
Skilled Labour 10
Un-Skilled Labour 6
Total Staff 35

c. Main offices
1. The registered office of the company is at 21 –A Ground Floor, Hajan Street Khyber
Park 2 Sant Nagar Road, Lahore which is the Head Office of the Company.
2. Second Office of the Company is Located at F-7, G-8/4 Islamabad which is subsidiary
office of the Company. [1]
d. Introduction of all the departments
In every organization, the most important asset is the people that play an essential role in
the performance of the company‘s functions and responsibilities. Thus, M/s Sheikh Gulzar
Ahmad is fortunate to have highly qualified and experienced personnel. Reciprocally, M/s
Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad. has aimed to provide its employees all the necessities while
performing their assigned tasks and at the same time equip them through training and
seminars to enhance their capabilities. The company as an organization and the employees,
because of the mutual benefits that simultaneously being enjoyed by, has grown
tremendously and has blazed a track record of fulfilling its obligation and commitment to
both the customers and the community. They would like to be on the level where they
should be. Having confidence in the organization, they aim high. The teamwork that has
been developed through the years of hard work has reaped a harvest of opportunities and
wealth. They will continue to improve and develop new concepts both in management and
technology. [1]

Pg. 3
The firm is capable of furnishing well coordinating Construction management and civil
engineering works execution services by utilizing its in-house staff as well as its
professional associates. All engineering services carry the quality control assurance and
guaranty of the company firm. There are five departments in this organization as
following;

1. Construction Execution Department

This division undertake all the construction activities starting from scratch to finishes
of the project. This is mainly the main division of the firm that comprises of senior
civil engineers leading the construction works of multiple nature whether it is
buildings or irrigation structures. [3]
2. QS Department
This division is mainly the second most important division where the financials of
all the projects are structure out according to the approvals of PC-1s and cost
estimates along with quantities are calculated as per work orders and approved
documents. Quantity survey with the help of detailed drawings carried out in this
division which helps in formation of estimates then these estimates are being refined
to get the detailed cost estimates which reflect the actual figures required to executive
project smoothly. [2]
3. Planning Department
This division is responsible for planning of the work to be executed on the site as per
schedules received from the consultants. In house evaluation of the work is done and
make sure to be executed as per the time weightage that is key in civil engineering
to execute any project. This division also reports to the consultants if involved in
project.
4. Accounts & Finance Department
This division is responsible for the matters relating to accounts and finance.
Contractor claims and payment clearance from the clients as per laid down contract
agreement conditions, payment processing and disbursements and also to advise the
managerial staff in hierarchy and project financing.
5. Construction Management and Supervision Department
This department is composed of a team of senior experienced engineers of relevant
field who are responsible to answer any field related technical issues in timely
manner and completion of the project within budget and time. This department of
the firm directly report to consultants with the monthly and weekly progress reports.

Pg. 4
 Quality control issues and testing is also made under this department to ensure client
the best technical services.
e. Comments on the organizational structure

Line organizational structure is followed in this organization which is the simplest and
simple to transfer information from lower hierarchy to upper hierarchy. Its authority flows
from top to bottom. Unlike other structures, specialized and supportive services do not
take place in these organizations.

The chain of command and each department head has control over their departments. The
self-contained department structure can be seen as its main characteristic. Independent
decisions can be taken by line officers because of its unified structure.

The main advantage of a line organizational structure can be identified as the effective
communication that brings stability to the organization and gives ability to individual to
separately act as a decision maker on its role.

Pg. 5
Chapter–02 Industrial Training
2.1 Plan of Internship Program
As per the degree requirements, the student of final year has to complete the industrial training
program in order to experience the field work. I started searching for internship in reputed firms
and discovered that the contractor firm will proved to be helpful to experience the work which is
going on the front end of the projects know as execution. This includes the requisite requirements
like construction execution, Quality control, and design implementation, Implementation of BOQs
and construction as per estimates and drawings which plays dominant role in any civil engineering
project. Therefore, I dropped my CV in different engineering contractor firms and finally I got a
phone call from reference base for interview from M/s Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad. I got a joining call
from the company and I join from 5th October 2020 in the capacity of internee to understand the
overall functions and operation mechanism of the organization. I have placed by the company in
their head office as well as on site to come to know the functions of the organization. I was exposed
to two different division of the company. The one is construction execution where I worked under
the supervision of project manager and senior engineer for the project of Establishment of King
Edward Medical College Muridkey Campus and mainly I work in the quantity surveying division
under the supervision of senior quantity surveyor. Where I was exposed to prepare the BOQs and
cost estimates and gives our best of the technical input in project to match the quantity figures
upto plus minus 10 percent of the project cost. There are four engineering experts are working in
the construction execution department and two experts are available in the quantity surveying
department. My journey in this organization was very much informative in terms of engineering
work execution and technical drawings quantitative analysis. I completed my training on 12 May
2021 with much appreciation from my senior colleagues and director of the company.

2.2 Training Program

I worked under two Departments in company which are as follows:

1. Construction Execution Department

2. Quantity Surveying Department

Detailed description of the operations/activities performed by the department(s):

1. Construction Execution Department

The site work was a very important task for me because the internship main objective lies
over there and I have gained much knowledge from the site like communication skills,
handling workers, management skills, etc. within these 7-8 months I have witness alot
work from the different projects under this organization.
Pg. 6
The work task I have execute at the site is:
- Supervising of works (quality, schedule)
- Testing materials
- Preparing Daily site work Reports
- Inspecting the worked element and how they work
- Checking the work based on the given checklist

Figure 2.1: Supervision of Work

Figure 2.2: Testing of Material on site

Pg. 7
 Figure 2.3: Inspecting Site Elements
The site work in a general overlay over the supervision part so I have been working as a
supervisor based on the given checklist that our company gives to us. Every work must be
checked whether it is executed based on the methodology that the contractor provides to
the consultant or not. If not the contractor must report the case why they didn‘t execute
upon it. Construction execution department performs the project execution and for that
purpose the contractor managerial staff appoint a Team Leader who is responsible for
overall project execution. The Team Leader first of all collect the required documents
including the contract agreement document, Terms of Reference, Drawings, Technical
specifications and project inception report. He review the documents to his full satisfaction
and any comments/ flaws (if found) is brought into the notice for rectification. After the
resolve of flaws, the project team is mobilized as stated in the terms of reference and

Pg. 8
 contract agreement to kick off the project activities as per their scope of services. The team
is introduced to the contractor staff with the responsibilities of each individual. The project
management team design standard forms and formats that is used during project execution
including form of check request, contractor IPCs/Bills and the mode is set forth for the
submission of IPCs in accordance with the contractor agreement, quality control and
quality assurance test formats in accordance with the respective standard requirements to
be strictly followed as per their scope of services. The project site staff is also responsible
to maintain the site correspondence in an appropriate manners and will make this available
to any senior managerial staff on demand. In most practices, the consultant has to submit
monthly wise progress report to the client to enable them with the latest progress of actual
works completed and funds utilized. However, the consultant construction management
team is responsible to provide the progress updates to the client at any instant. The
construction management team is mainly responsible to execute the works completely in
accordance with the construction drawings, technical specification to be followed in
accordance with the relevant standards and in the light of contract agreement parameters.
Their focus is to follow the construction schedule and without compromise in delay of the
project critical path as this will surely results in the time extension of project. If in any
case, the project time extends due to the reasons at the part of any party – the contractor
provides the delay analysis report with valid justifications to the consultant, the consultant
verify the report after thorough investigation and recommend it to the client for grant of
extension whether the implication of liquidity damages charges. At the completion of the
project, the construction management team has the responsibility to provide the complete
project data to the head office and further is submitted to the client in the fulfilment if
intellectual property rights clause of the contract agreement. [3]
2. Quantity Surveying Department
In Second Department of my internship I have worked along with the quantity surveyors
and the word quantity indicates the amount to material, resource and money to be
calculated for the whole project to formulate the budget of the project the things I have
performed in the execution of this phase is as follow: [2]

1. Bar bending schedule

2. Bill of quantity
3. Report writing
4. Interpreting drawings

1. Bar Bending Schedule:

A separate sheet (Bar Schedule) is used to prepare reinforcement quantities as shown below.

Pg. 9
Bar schedule is used to know the amount of rebar used on the site and to tell the bar bender that
the amount of bar needed in some position of the building and its number. In the office work, the
internship supervisor gave me overview of bar bending schedule, I was very familiar to this task
because I have learned a lot about BBS in diploma study and Bachelor study level. Template table
format of Bar Bending Schedule sued is below for report reference.

Figure 2.4: Bar Bending Schedule

2. Bill of quantity:

The purpose of bills of quantities is to act as a uniform basis for inviting competitive tenders and
to assist in valuing completed work. Bills of quantity are first designed to meet the needs of
estimators, although some estimators say the bill format has changed to assist the consultants, in
cost planning exercises through the widespread use of elemental bills.

It is the format that is used in a bill of quantity to list (include) a short description of the
specification along with its measuring unit, quantity, and unit prices to determine the total cost for
each trade of item. In the site, the bill of quantity is done by a consultant with the contract
document but at the site, we work it again for payment.

Pg. 10
 Table 2.1: Format of bill of the quantity

3. Report writing:

Reporting is a controlling/informative mechanism which will help in evaluating the status of a

project. It entails how we are accomplishing our set targets at the onset of a project. It will also
help decision-makers to follow the status of the project without being present physically on the
site. The reports should explain the history of the project. It should be realistic and self-
explanatory. In every construction project there are three types of reports are used but during my
internship program my internship supervisor exposed to two types of reports which are following;

1. Daily Progress Report

2. Daily Man Power Report
1. Daily Progress Report:

This is a report with a view of many eyes. This will be thoroughly seen by second-level
observers. The contractor, the client, and the Consultant‘s representative will make an in-
depth view of the report to have full information about the project status. This type of
sheets I have executed in office on Excel to keep data safe. In the daily progress report we
have to enter the daily activity details and also next day activity details.

2. Daily Man Power Report:

In the daily man power report I experienced a lot of things like how to write daily man
Power report, How daily data was kept safely and also to checklist the demand of
Manpower on the site to complete the Daily work in the given time frame. For me I think
it was easy work to do on the site.

Pg. 11
4. Interpreting drawings:

Drawings are how the designer conveys the physical, quantitative, and visual description of the
project to the contractor. The drawings are a two-dimensional representation of the physical
structure that meets the objectives of the owner. They are also known as plans or blueprints
On our site, there were two types of drawing;

1 Detailed Engineering Drawings

2 Layout Drawings

2.3 Reflective Journal Entries

WEEK ACTIVITIES PERFORMED
On the first week of my internship I was introduced to the employees working
in the head office and site. I was given a short introduction about that
particular division and its role in the organization and about overall function
of the company. I was told about the technicalities of the drawings and my
1st Week understanding about it but at that time I was not sure about the technical
aspects of drawings because I was highly untrained for that to understand the
05th Oct 2020 technicalities of drawings because it was my first experience there in the field
To but there was engineers who implement that drawings briefly describe me the
11th Oct 2020 drawings and told me about the sites that are running and given me the
complete breakdown of each project or work execution. On first week of my
training I visit a site which is of college site and I was looking and it was in
initial stage of construction right from the base. Thus was the plus point for
me to witness a whole project from base.

In this week I learned to read the drawings and their implementation. The
internship supervisor asked to study the more different and difficult drawings.
Everyday I collect all the drawings and reach on site and tally the whole work
done in a day as per the drawings how actually the site works resemble in real
according to the drawings. Supervisor once told me to study the structure
2nd week
drawings of the college which was composed of the steel reinforcement it was
hard for me to understand about that drawing because I had zero knowledge
12th Oct 2020
about large projects drawings including structure components because in the
To
university life we had seen only simple drawing of some elements of the
18th Oct 2020
structure which was completely different as compare to drawings of large
projects. In this week a come to know that the drawings are not much difficult
to read its just a understanding of symbols and terminology that a to be
understand. This week my drawing understandings enhances and give me the
feeling of real engineer.

In this week, I got introduced to the quantity surveying department where

rd
3 Week mostly work is done by using softwares of quantity survey like AutoCAD,
Revit, and most important Microsoft excel to create BOQ and cost estimate.
19th Oct, 2020 I had only experience of AutoCAD, and Microsoft excel. After this I was
To shortly introduced to excel sheets which were prepared on Microsoft excel,
th
25 Oct, 2020 these sheets include BBS, QS, Daily man power reports and daily progress
reports. After this I was asked to prepare Daily man power and progress report
Pg. 12
 sheets on excel it was just a draft template they ask me to create to check if
my skills in excel are good or fair. My skills in excel was good enough to
create any draft of sheet. I had only little knowledge about BOQs and BBS it
is just a knowledge of books that I have at that time but implementation a
knowledge of books into reality is the thing I learned in this week. Detailed
engineering drawing of a structure is required to have detailed cost estimation
this was interesting thing for me.

In this week, my supervisor told me to read all the activities performed during
your past week to grasp it firmly so that you get to rememberised and test
yourself if you have absorbed the technical knowledge. I repeat the work I
4th Week done on previous days to hold grip on these works (Reading Drawing and
Preparing Excel sheets and Coordination with the supervisor). At the closing
26th Oct, 2020
time, I got a short preview of the next day work, which was all about
To
AutoCAD and estimations of the project. The estimation of the project is also
01st Nov, 2020
a critical area where the financials of the project depends and this was told me
by the quantity surveyor. In this particular area there are also things that are
not to be overlooked otherwise the cost of project will be affected more than
the standards

In this week, I got short review of AutoCAD because I had much knowledge
about AutoCAD like interface of AutoCAD, Commands used in AutoCAD
etc. I had only experience of AutoCAD in 2D. After this I was asked to
prepare some drawings on AutoCAD. I got some details of that particular sites
like their Site Area and Their Requirements which were important to keep in
drawings. These were the house plans of single story building to be built on
5th Week
AutoCAD. After that I got specifications sheet regarding to be used in
2nd Nov, 2020 drawing like specification of standard door, window, stair dimensions etc.
To which will help me to build house plans easily. After that I started work on
8th Nov, 2020 these two plans the area of houses was 50ft X 35ft and 35ft X 27ft. I prepared
2x different plans for each house. I tried my best to keep every little detail in
the plans of houses. It was easy tasks for me because I had much practice of
AutoCAD in university life. This project that has been given to me was not a
project that has to be executed or belongs to the client. This was just for my
understanding. I spend this whole week to make the count the quantity of the
house through detailed drawing with QS assistance.

On this day, I completed the plans of both houses. After completing these
plans I sent them to supervisor for checking, after check some minor mistakes
was highlighted by supervisor. These mistake was related to architecture only
like, missing of gallery and dimensions of bedrooms. After got to know about
6th Week these mistake I made changed in each plan. I spent whole day as working on
these plans at the end both of plans of each house was accepted. I learnt so
9th Nov, 2020
many new thing regarding to preparing plans of structures. I was so curios to
To
th visit and work on site because it was my 6th week now working and
15 Nov, 2020
understanding the drawings and its implementation. My personal interest was
also in site visit. Supervisor shared a case study of the project running and
told me to outcomes of the conditions and told me the importance of working
according to the contract. Contract is a legal binding that the parties are
bounded to that no one can spoil any clause mentioned in the contract
Pg. 13
 otherwise will get in penalty told by the supervisor. This week was more of
the contractual and ratification knowledge of my CAD skills.

In this week, QS introduced me about preparation of Bar Bending schedules

previously I saw him make and preparing a bar bending schedule I just
counted the quantities but this week was a week to start making the sheets and
Bill of quantity which were prepared by using excel sheets on Computer.
They exposed to me everything related to bar bending schedule. I had a much
th
7 Week information about preparation of BBs but again knowledge of books, still I
willing to work on this task because it was professional work. After this, I was
16th Nov, 2020
assigned to preparation of BBs of different sections of structure (Slab, column
To
and beam). These BBs was prepared on the current rate of materials, they had
22nd Nov, 2020
provide me specification of everything which will be used in preparation of
BBs. MRS was a complete book which was given to me by QS from where
the rates of things are described in order to calculate the complete price.
MRRS stands for market rate system written on th cover of the MRS. I get to
know the price in MRS changes after every year and new version of MRS
published on government site every year to follow the standard.

BBS work Continued this week and I being a student of civil engineering in
the specified project of Preparation of BBS (Bar Bending Schedule) and BOQ
(Bill of Quantities) of the Building by my team leader. As I have significant
interest in all kinds of construction projects, I have not faced any type of
problem during preparation of BBS and BOQ with all of my project members.
We were total six members in this project team after inclusion of project
leader. My respective project leader had recognized my major strengths
8th Week during the entire course and chose me to be part of this team and become a
23 Nov, 2020 responsible team member. For accomplishing these tasks in this work, I was
rd

To eventually assigned for project work for preparing bill of quantities and bar
29 Nov, 2020 bending schedule. I even had to evaluate and comprehend the noteworthy
th
project scope from structural as well as architectural drawings given. I also
evaluated the specifications and BOQ or bill of quantities to properly analyses
specific program of project work or schedule. My other important
responsibilities majorly involved preparation of bar bending schedule. To
accomplish this project work, I had to consider concrete with ratio of 1:2:4
for overhead water tank. The columns and beams undertaken in this project
was of 217 Cft and formwork was 946 sft.

9th Week In this week, I observed the material procurement and purchasing of the
material for construction purpose how the prices cut down in lager scale
30th Nov, 2020
projects which benefits the project in terms of cost. This work typically help
To
other departments identify their needs, manage the requisition process and
06th Dec, 2020
source competitive prices, and generally act as controllers to ensure adherence
to budgets. I had details discussion with purchasing manager and he support
me by delivering every possible knowledge about the purchasing of materials
and aspects that need to consider while purchasing materials from any
supplier. Whole week spend with the material procurement works to
understand and built my own interest and courage to stand on the filed for this
type of work.

Pg. 14
 10th Week On this week, I was asked to read and interpret the drawings of a college
construction project and also to highlight the details, mistakes and new ideas
07th Dec, 2020
in drawing. It was not hard task at all due to my intial weeks training and
To
th analyzing of the drawings but putting new ideas to the drawing was little hard
13 Dec, 2020
task. It takes me a lot time to put new ideas for drawings, my ideas was not
best for drawing but colleagues appreciate me for putting my efforts in work.
After this my colleagues also guide me about interpreting drawing from
different aspects. This task was of total 3 days and at this stage, I met a
consultant staff. He was a planning engineer and told me about the back end
working of the projects that mainly include design, planning and construction
supervision. Planning engineer was on site visit to ensure the quality of work
executed by us. His visit was of total 6 days and I was excited to get interact
with him every day.

In this week, I was asked to prepare bar bending schedule of real project. I
was in under pressure because it was not an ordinary task it was professional
and real work which was given to me. I started working on bar bending
11th Week
schedules of real project during this work my colleagues helped me out a lot
14th Dec, 2020 by guiding me and highlighting mistakes in bar bending schedules. In this
To week there was a meeting in the office between office staff only. I was also
th
20 Dec, 2020 asked to be present in the meeting. It was my second time to attend the official
meeting of office. I have observed the office environment. The agenda of the
meeting was to discuss the internal matters of the construction execution and
office matters.

In this week, prepared a presentation of the progress achievement for the

project construction of college by consultation with consultant and resident
engineers. The purpose was to brief the project director about the physical
12th Week progress achievement at site and funds utilization. Compilation of
presentation in the professional manner was made in the supervision of team
21st Dec, 2020 leader. Important aspects of project was discussed and highlighted by the team
To leader. the relevant documents for the presentation are compiled including
27th Dec, 2020 total quality control certificates for client satisfaction them team leader and
planning engineer left for the meeting which was held at 3:00pm then I shortly
discussed the tasks which will be performed by me on site because I was going
to site work now after this week.

On the very first day at site, We reached the site office to meet our project
supervisor, who allotted us the department and nature of work. We were three
engineers. On the first project director briefly discussed the every work
13th Week running on the site. After this the site engineer take us with and performed a
short tour to the site work. Almost 2 days was spent to observe the work which
28th Dec, 2020
was ongoing on the site. I was little nervous about site work because it was
To
rd hard work of sites but the site engineer told us to not worry you are just a
03 Jan, 2021
trainee not a professional and you'll learn the site work day by day. I learn
two major things on site first was to the ability to understand drawings and
ability to understand contract documents. The understanding of contract
documents was very important for being a site supervisor.

Pg. 15
 Prepared a presentation of the progress achievement for the project
construction of college by consultation with engineers. The purpose was to
brief the project director about the physical progress achievement at site and
funds utilization. The information of physical and financial progress and
14th Week utilization of funds are provided by the planning engineer. Compilation of
04th Jan, 2021 presentation in professional manner was made in the supervision of team
To leader. Important aspects of project was discussed and highlighted by the team
th
10 Jan, 2021 leader which we need to consider in our briefing in order to satisfy the client.
The calculation of fund utilization was took 3 days to calculate the funds and
cross checking by the engineers estimate to know the exact point of standing
in terms of financial position. Physical progress also took three days to verify
as per monthly progress reports and formulation of presentation took a day.

In this week, I went and reported to my supervisor. He said, now take a book,
go to all the sites, record what are all the machineries used in a particular site,
how many in number, whether working or not, come back to the office,
prepare all the gathered information in excel form, submit the format to me
15th Week and then leave the office. I started visiting all the sites around 11:00 Am, went
on asking each and every person about the information as I was not aware of
11th Jan, 2021 the fact that whom should I ask and not. Since everyone was very much
To helpful I got all the required information by 4:00 PM. I had two not so good
17th Jan, 2021 encounters, which I would like to avoid here, throughout this process. Tired
and drenched, I reached the office. I asked help from a senior, managed to
prepare the excel, sent it over to my manager, went to him and asked him to
check the mail, he looked into it and said "Good job". Their were total number
of 4 sites and I took me 5 days to cover up each sites and compile information.

I went to report my supervisor at site after this he asked me to do same work

as previous day to collect all records from sites. On this day it was little easier
for me because it was not my first time I had done it before. After collecting
16th Week all record and putting it on excel file, the supervisor told me that to go to the
18th Jan, 2021 site and observe the slump test. After reaching the working area I saw the
To slump test for concrete which be using on site work. The tests were conducted
24th Jan, 2021 on different samples to check the workability of different ratio concretes. This
phase of testing the material almost took 4 days to complete all type of testing
and compiling of record in presence of consult staff. 2 days site work was
stopped due to the testing.

Worked there to supervise and inspect every ongoing work on the site. Also
prepare progress report and daily man power reports. At the end of day when
we were leaving the site the supervisor told me that tomorrow we will visit
other site to gain some extra knowledge and to learn new things which cannot
17th Week be learnt here. I have to report to the supervisor whenever I reach at site after
25th Jan, 2021 this all work begins. After reporting to the mentor I have to prepare the excel
To file as per data which I collect from the site. Then we had a visit to another
31st Jan, 2021 site near to this site. Site visit was due to gain the knowledge about shuttering
of concrete slab. It was my first experience to see the shuttering how it
professionally work. At this particular site slab shuttering was in progress, I
saw so many new things and learn. I had only saw shuttering of wooden but
in this site case they were using steel plates to bear the dead load of concrete
Pg. 16
 slab. I asked to my mentor why steel plates are being used, why not wooden
plates? He told me that the strength of shuttering plates should be greater than
dead load of slab. After this I saw markings on every column provided in the
structure, there were markings on the each column head and I raised the
question about markings to my mentor. He told me that the purpose of these
markings are to identify the thickness we will kept for this slab case
concreting, at this slab they were providing slab thickness of 8.5inches. After
observing the shuttering I saw cambers were provided on the slab shuttering.
I asked about it to mentor and he said that the purpose of camber is to
minimize the bending in the slab during the pouring. From bottom side of slab
finishing, they use tape to minimize the leakage from shuttering joint and
shuttering oil is also used.

On this week, as per daily routine I have to report to my supervisor at his

office. After this we had detail discussion on how to execute the work as per
drawings. Then we reached at the working area, there our job was to inspect
the steel fixing as per details shown in drawing. It was my first time to see the
steel fixing work there were many workers who were doing this job. They
18th Week were looking professional and well familiar to their work. Things I learn
01st Feb, 2021 during supervision of slab reinforcement was purpose of overlapping,
To methodology of overlapping in large slab, purpose of extra bars and to check
07h Feb, 2021 the dia of bars provided for slab. In this slab case as per drawing the center to
center of bars were 8 X 8 inches and I check the spacing of bars by self and
to know if it is as per drawing or not. After checking at different sections of
slab the spacing of bars were accurate and it was pure RC slab not a single
brick were used in this slab. Then I also check the concrete cover provided at
slab, if it is as per drawings or not

On this week, the reaming work of steel fixing were done and after steel fixing
the plumbing and electrical works was started. These works need to be done
before pouring the concrete on the slab. The drawings of plumbing and
electrical work was provided to the plumber and electrician. Other days,
before the starting of pouring we have to check the shuttering level, concrete
workability by slump test, concrete temperature test. The concreting of roof
19th Week slab was started and I was present there to supervise the concreting of slab.
As site supervisor I inspect the concrete pouring from beginning to end and
08th Feb, 2021 also to check if concert is well mixed or not and the ratio of concrete used in
To pouring is as per defined or not. For minimizing honeycombs in concrete we
14th Feb, 2021 used vibrator as per different size and should be more than one vibrator
present in case of emergency. The difficulty I faced at a site on this day was
if its continuous concreting you cannot leave the site before finishing the
pouring of concrete you have to stay at a site even after job timing. On this
day our whole day was spend to pour the concrete after job time end we all
site worker stay there almost 2hours extra because of this continuous
concreting.

20th Week I was assigned to check the management and supervision of a construction
site in accordance with health and safety guidelines. It is the responsibility of
15th Feb, 2021 the site supervisor to assess hazards, determine risks, conduct regular
To inspections, and maintain a safety. I was assigned to Carrying out
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21st Feb, 2021 regular inspections to ensure compliance with relevant legal requirements,
processes and procedures, Raising safety concerns at the appropriate level,
Organizing and overseeing external inspections, such as with a health and
safety inspector and Attending site management meetings. I observe that on
site meetings are different as compare to office meeting.

I was with site engineer all these days to learn working of site engineer and
st
21 Week how he execute the work as according to guidelines and drawings. As site
engineer it was toughest job to do because site engineer have to execute every
22nd Feb, 2021 construction work very carefully and accurately. On this day, I learn from him
To layout marking as per drawings details show. It was not much hard job to do
28th Feb, 2021 I did layout marking very efficiently different sections of work and it builds
my confidence.

This week the supervisor assigned me to revise every previous task and
observe the ongoing activities too. I have execute such as report writing,
22nd Week inspection, data collection, reading drawings and layout marking. It was very
busy day for me I get too much tired because of too much work load in single
01st Mar, 2021 day but the thing I learn this day was stamina building up. At the end I asked
To my superior that I want to gain knowledge about excavation and foundation
7th Mar, 2021 laying which can't be happened at this site. On my and other internees request
he will manage to give us visit on this of working site where working is just
started.

On this week, we visited a site for gaining knowledge about complete

foundation from chalking to concreting. First we develop reference line from
nearby wall and points where we check where our center line of the wall
would be. Focusing on the center line, we do excavation or digging of 2.5 feet
to 3.5 feet in width. Digging is done from 1.5 feet to 2.5 feet deep. We have
to clear all the debris from the plot and make it level. After this marking of
foundation and column was done by using chalking as according to the
23rd Week drawings. It was construction of expansion of school building block in
08th Mar, 2021 Faisalabad. Excavation of the school block having dimensions of 25 feet by
To 65 feet and foundations of this block is excavated. Our excavation is done by
14th Mar, 2021 using manpower, masonry work is initiated as per structural drawings. The
material used in laying of foundation was bricks as spread footing. After
laying of footing the construction of wall on footing was initiated. After these
steps back filling of the foundation is started. The material clay that is
available with us, we use it for back filling. The material is cleaned properly.
On this day we met new worker gain more knowledge by communicating with
them and learn so many new thing related to laying of foundation. Our main
purpose of this site visit was achieved.

On this week I visited a school building site where work was on going the
24th Week brick masonry up to beam level was started, I was there just to watch the work
15th Mar, 2021 and observe new things. At the ground level DPC (1:2:4) was provided. After
To this the remaining brick work was started. The remaining brick work of walls
st
21 Mar, 2021 construction were done up to roof beam level. After this they provided beam
on entire walls. The reinforcement provided in the beam was as according to

Pg. 18
 the details shown in the drawings. After this we went back to our main site
office. This week was of new site and new building of school.
This week the site office the meeting was held there about supervision of work
ongoing on sites. The purpose of this meeting was to report everything to the
th
25 Week project manager. After meeting done, I prepare detail report of every work
like progress, material details, inspection etc. and made a excel sheet and sent
22nd Mar, 2021 it to site project manager. Other days I learn the use of different tools used in
To civil engineering. It was not part of my internship program but I still want to
th
28 Mar, 2021 learn to operate these tools at real project. On this day I learn the use and made
tight grip on auto level. I have used this equipment at Diploma and university
level but it was just to revise at the real project site.

On this week, I get to know about the bidding of projects that how contractor
get works by participating in bidding procedure. I was introduced to the
procurement expert of the company, where I got introduced to the team of
26th Week business development. I was shown the company profile and previous
29th Mar, 2021 experience of the company on the basis of which future project proposal were
To made in the shape of bidding documents. It was quite complex because of my
th
04 Apr, 2021 lack of interest in this field of activity but engineers told me it was of great
importance to bring business to the organization. This field is the back bone
of the company. This week I mostly observed my previous done work and
introduce with the business development.

This week, I was introduced the bidding document of a real project which is
going to be submitted by our company latter on within the dead line limit.
Document was briefly explained to me by engineer and the requirement
section of the document was the most important part of the document which
is called as the data sheet of the document where the whole document
27th Week requirement was written in the form of table and those requirements need to
be fulfill by the company later on in their project proposal. I understand the
05th Apr, 2021 scope of the work and other technical forms related to the proposal. I was then
To told by the difference between the bidding document s of the contractor and
11th Apr, 2021 the consultant. Contractor’s bidding document is composed of the technical
as well as financial quotations. These quotations are to be filled by the
contractor on which rates the work will be executed by him. This week was
the difficult one, as I don’t have any idea regarding the bidding procedure,
rules and regulation. PPRA Authority was the one that establishing the rules
and regulations of procurement told by the bidding engineer.

I was assigned the task to briefly explain the understanding of the bidding
documents as explained by the assistant engineer and give them brief details
of the requirement in order to full fill its requirements. I was so much confused
28th Week as I do not know about the methodology of the project execution as well as
12th Apr, 2021 design phase but somehow I studied document and briefly explained the
To aspect that came into my knowledge. There was a requirement of the
th
19 Apr, 2021 methodology of the work includes the estimation of the project this needs to
be fulfill in order to propose the best method for estimation purpose.
Engineers cost estimate was the requirement first given in the first phase of
the project and detailed cost estimation was required in order to start the

Pg. 19
 second phase of the project. I proposed a method along with the procedure for
estimation that was very much liked by the assistant engineer.

We fulfills all the requirement of the project's bidding document and now it
needs to be printed out and binding out in the form of book in order to look
like a complete document. That requirements along with the company profile
and certification are bind and dispatched for the submission purpose.
29th Week Continues process of tender filtration is made on daily basis to look for the
opportunity where company can one hundred percent performs and
19th Apr, 2021 probability of winning would be high. This week I assist in preparation of pre-
To qualification documents for one of the project of Capital Development
25th Apr, 2021 Authority in accordance with the criteria given in the documents. The major
requirement was relevant experience of the firm, project relevant staff
available with the firm and equipment and technical capability of the firm.
These documents has been prepared in accordance with the standard forms
provided in the documents and submitted to the client.

I received an ad tender of Military Engineering Services for invitation of

expression of interest document. Document requirement was to submit
complete profile of company including certification of firms from relevant
30th Week professional bodies and their major requirement was to submit the relevant
project experience the weightage of this portion was 40% score which shows
26th Apr, 2021 the importance of this part. Expression of interest document is made by
To sorting out the relevant experience of firm and making them on the standard
02th May, 2021 format provided by the Military Engineering Services. Complete document is
formed along with company profile in shape of book. This work was of the
scope for installation of the tube well and the construction of the tube well
room control which later on dispatch for submission to the client.

The activities of the project has to be drafted to create a complete project

schedule. The time required to complete each activity has been assigned to
each activity and thus created a work plan to handle the project within the
31st Week specified time limit. These activities has been verified in accordance with the
03 May, 2021 staffing schedule of the technical proposal. Staffing schedule and work plan
rd

To made with correspondence to each other in order to best illustrate the

09 May, 2021 methodology of deploying staff and perform relevant activities according to
th
their expertise. These activities and have a weightage of marks in order to
evaluate the proposal that why these are important to keep it in the proposal
which best illustrates the project flow and activities of construction stages.

This week was the last week of my industrial training I worked a lot and
32th Week learned a lot in these months I have spend with this organization. My seniors
10 May, 2021 and colleagues appreciated me the work I have done and learned in these
th

To months. I feels like a polished person with the skills I was having later but I
13 May, 2021 give a complete different sense. Workers and engineers in company offered
th
me a farewell wish me best of luck for my futures endeavors.

Pg. 20
2.4 Work Samples
There are a lot of tasks I have completed while working in this organization. One of them is the
preparation of bar bending schedule of different elements on excel sheets of structure as
mentioned earlier in the reflective journal part of the report.

1. I have supervised the site work on daily bases.

2. I have prepared plans of different structure on AutoCAD.
3. Bar Bending Schedules.
4. I have also prepared the different types of reports such as daily progress report.

Figure 2.5: Extruding for foundation works

Figure 2.6: Concrete Pouring Works

Pg. 21
 Figure 2.7: Steel Fixing

Figure 2.8: Electrification duct installation

Figure 2.9: Beam Fixing

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Figure 2.10: Shuttering of room

Figure 2.11: Testing of Level

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 Figure 2.12: Plum bob Leveling

Figure 2.13: Concrete upto plinth level

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Figure 2.14: Steel fixing with site supervisor

Figure 2.15: Verification of work at site

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Figure 2.16: Quantities from AUTOCAD

Figure 2.17: BBS on MS Excel

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- Other site work samples

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Pg. 48
Chapter–03 SWOT Analysis
3.1 Critical Analysis:

Every Theory Have Succeeding Practical Application And Every Practical Application Have
Preceding Theory.

Theoretical knowledge learned in civil engineering is much related to the field, of course not
talking about differential equations and math's, but in terms of concrete, structure, steel soil, and
material. All are very applicable, being a structural engineer or site engineer, but being a site
engineer needs extra knowledge of construction to be learned by experience and practice, though,
without fundamentals of your studies, you are more likely to be like Labor. In a nutshell, Engineer
practicing without knowledge studied at university is experienced labor.

They both are related to each other means if you have theoretical knowledge then practical
knowledge also has an important role in civil engineering. As we know civil Engineering is all
about practical knowledge, if you have more practical knowledge then you have good value in the
market. So go for both but practical knowledge is important.

I want to share my experience regarding Civil engineering (practical knowledge).

I did training on a civil site in first month of joining with university. I learned about Foundation
casting (As we know there are many processes involved in this like Excavation, PPC, Layout
marking, detail of reinforcement, Layout of reinforcement, Concreting process, etc.),

So I want to say, we cannot see the foundation after completion of the building. It is the first step
of building construction and we cannot understand only by theoretical knowledge, practical
knowledge is also required to know deeply about Civil Engineering.

So go for more practical knowledge instead of theoretical.

I analyze during my internship that every individual has a defined role & scope in a project and
likely he is responsible to address any issue arising around if it didn’t works like this and everyone
start to works by their own will or to make their own decision then there is no one that can prevent
the system to collapse. In best engineering practices the system that works and push the
organization on another level of success is totally based on the discipline. The group of expert
persons are responsible for the success of organization. In organization where total quality
management system is followed are the best one that can easily maximize the spontaneous growth
within few years by following the discipline of total quality management. The point from where
the discipline is not followed the project execution will start to face the extreme hardships which
will eventually leads towards the slow growth process of organization. Tackling out the large
scale civil Engineering assignments required the greater volume of work force. In this case there
will be greater chances for organization to create a brighter image in market among its competitors

Pg. 49
and if it eventually fails due to lack of discipline there will be more chances for getting defame
due to the results.

3.2 SWOT Analysis

Strengths
 Strong employee attitudes
 Excellent customer service
 Large market share
 Personal relationships with customers
 Leadership in product innovation
 Highly efficient
 High integrity
Opportunities
 Favorable contract terms
 A reliable investor
 The possibility of working on future
projects with the investor
 The possibility of developing a
functional and coordinated project
team
 Grow the construction market through
increased foreign investment
 Provide Training for the labor force to
improve their skills
 Become international and seek work
overseas
 Improve feedback system on job sites
 Opportunities for large firms to joint
venture with Chinese companies on
one belt road project.
Weakness
 Big scope for improvement
 need to be competitive
 Not accessible to Large projects like
dams and an army base
 Lack of proper health and safety
practices on site
 Limited investment in the use of
information technology
Threats
 A small area for storage and
manipulations on the construction site
itself
 A supervisory board is also the
projector
 Internet portfolio of the organization
is not available for international
investor
 Lack of timely payments through the
supply chain
 Slow decision making
 Security on job sites
 An economic slowdown could reduce
demand

i. Strengths: The company has its in-house capability to address any particular issue arising.
The interesting thing about this construction company is that you won’t see them building
one type of architectural structure neither would you see the same type of construction.
The art and construction design of every house, the building is different. It is because the
construction company keeps on working on different types of projects. The biggest
strength of this construction company I have observed during my internship program is
that this company has on-site and office talented teams, good work culture, and expertise
which ultimately makes brand reputation good. Efficiency matters a lot in this industry. If
the company and its workers are less efficient, then it would increase the expense level. In
simple words, less efficient means more expense that would result in less profit and
increasing cost. During my internship program, not a single structure was completed but I
have seen many project details that were completed in a given time frame. The timing and

Pg. 50
 deadlines of the projects are very important. It doesn’t mean that you have to compromise
on the quality and safety of the work. It means that you would follow all the standard
operating procedures (SOPs) and finish the project on time as detail mentioned above.
Some industries specialize only in one type of niche or category. In this construction
company, all the projects are different. The skill and construction material remains the
same, but the design, architect, and planning of every project is different.
ii. Weaknesses: In the past company have done many construction projects and many
projects are on ongoing position but they have not done any megaproject like the
construction of dams, Airports, and Army bases which is a quite big weakness for this
construction company they should have to reach that point to take out work on these types
of projects. The second thing in the weakness of this organization is about providing safety
training on-site. Any construction workers should have full awareness of possible hazards
and safety tips before entering the site. Before you allow workers or subcontractors on the
construction site, proper safety training is necessary. You should give your employees both
written and hands-on training. Within a field like construction, the proper training is
essential to avoid possible fatalities that will hurt your construction business both ethically
and financially.
iii. Opportunities: Company should always be on the lookout for more clients. They shouldn’t
leave this up to fate. Instead, they should create opportunities themselves. By adding new
divisions in the company. Or expanding current divisions to allow for the increased
workload. Keep an eye out for developing trends. This is one of the easiest ways to create
more sustainable work. If you’re noticing public transportation options are expanding in a
region, it may mean more people are moving. And where are those people going to move?
In the homes built by construction companies, of course. Successful companies keep an
eye on the news in the locations they offer services. Not only to take advantage of growth.
But also to see when things are beginning to decline. This allows them to shift their
business before financial ruin. Opportunities for large firms to joint venture with Chinese
companies on one belt road project. It's a very big opportunity for this organization to look
for a joint venture with Chinese companies it will enhance their work and open new doors
for the organization.
iv. Threats: Companies run their business operation within the country’s economy, and
companies don’t have any control over their country’s economy. If the economy of the
country is in recession and investment in the business is getting lower. Consequently,
people and businesses would stop all of their investment plans. Such factors are out of the
reach of the construction companies. Economic recession changes the attitude of the
people, and they would become towards spending their money because of the uncertain

Pg. 51
economy. Perhaps they won’t find work for the next month, and they may need the money
to live. When spending is lower, then businesses would start shutting down and so are the
companies as well. The Coronavirus (COVID-19) has quarantined everyone and limit
them into their houses. The roads, factories, businesses, and companies are locked because
of the fear of being infected. In such circumstances, you can’t buy material or hire anyone
to work. The construction companies won’t find new clients and projects to work on.

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Chapter–04 Conclusions & Recommendations
4.1 Conclusions

The following are main conclusions that have been desired from the entire work.

After studying the SWOT analysis of this organization, I have realized that the construction
industry is a very profitable business if the economy of the country is good. The organization
should also follow new trends and adapt to prevailing tech changes. On the economic matter
company will badly affect if the economic condition will go slowdown in Pakistan.

Through conducting a thorough SWOT analysis, a picture of the internal and external conditions
of company becomes clearer. The results reinforce that the strengths of Construction Company
are largely attributed to their access to low costs, cheap and hard-working laborers, a good
relationship with their staff and material suppliers, and strong support from the home market.
Meanwhile, their weaknesses are also highlighted. Company needs to focus on training for health
safety on site for their staff and labor. The organization should try to minimize their weakness in
the Oder to enhance their organization reputation and making profitable organization in Pakistan.

The organization should keep looking for new opportunities or should create opportunities itself
it will also grow their values at the market level. Organization should adopt the latest engineering
practices and equipment to minimize the time duration of the construction activity.

4.2 Recommendations
The following statements are recommended based on the above analysis.

1. Company should invest on their employees and train them with the latest engineering
software's and techniques with innovations in construction market.
2. Company should evaluate the performance and skills of employees.
3. Company should focus to expand their business.
4. Company should have in-house capacity to meet today's challenges.
5. Company should perform calculated task in order to utilize the energy.

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References & Sources

[1] M/s Sheikh Gulzar Ahmad. “Company profile”

[2] SGA “Quantity Surveying Department”

[3] SGA “Construction Execution Department”

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