Class 6 - Maths - Playing With Numbers

NCERT Solutions for Class 6
Maths
Chapter 3 – Playing with Numbers
Exercise 3.1
1. Write all the factors of the following numbers.
(a). 24
Ans: Given: number 24
We need to write all the factors of the given number.
A factor is a number that divides a given integer completely without leaving any
reminder.
We can write 24 as,
1 24
2  12
3 8
46
Therefore, the factors of 24 will be 1, 2,3, 4,6,8,12, 24 .
(b). 15
reminder.
We can write 15 as,
Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 1

1 15
3 5
Therefore, the factors of 15 will be 1,3,5,15 .
(c). 21
reminder.
We can write 21 as,
1 21
3 7
Therefore, the factors of 21 will be 1,3,7, 21 .
(d). 27
reminder.
We can write 27 as,
1 27
3 9
Therefore, the factors of 27 will be 1,3,9, 27 .
(e). 12

reminder.
We can write 12 as,
1 12
26
3 4
Therefore, the factors of 12 will be 1, 2,3, 4,6,12 .
(f). 20
reminder.
We can write 20 as,
1 20
2  10
45
Therefore, the factors of 20 will be 1, 2, 4,5,10, 20 .
(g). 18
reminder.
We can write 18 as,

1 18
29
3 6
Therefore, the factors of 18 will be 1, 2,3,6,9,18 .
(h). 23
reminder.
We can write 23 as,
1 23
Therefore, the factors of 23 will be 1, 23 .
(i). 36
reminder.
We can write 36 as,
1 36
2  18
3  12
49
66
Therefore, the factors of 36 will be 1, 2,3, 4,6,9,12,18,36 .

2. Write first five multiples of:
(a). 5
We need to write the first five multiples of the given number.
The product of a number and a counting number is a multiple of that number.
Thus,
1 5  5
2  5  10
3  5  15
4  5  20
5  5  25
Therefore, the first five multiples of 5 will be 5,10,15, 20, 25 .
(b). 8
Thus,
1 8  8
2  8  16
3  8  24
4  8  32
5  8  40
Therefore, the first five multiples of 8 will be 8,16, 24,32, 40 .
(c). 9

Thus,
1 9  9
2  9  18
3  9  27
4  9  36
5  9  45
Therefore, the first five multiples of 9 will be 9,18, 27,36, 45 .
3. Match the items in column 1 with the items in column 2 :
Column I Column II
35 Multiple of 8
15 Multiple of 7
16 Multiple of 70
20 Factor of 30
25 Factor of 50
Factor of 20
Ans: Given: two columns having different options
We need to match the correct items in column 1 with the items in column 2 .
(i) 35
We can write 35 as,
75

So, 35 is a multiple of 7 (b).
(ii) 15
We know that a factor of 30 is 15 .
So, correct option is (d).
(iii) 16
We can write 16 as,
8 2
So, 16 is a multiple of 8 (a).
(iv) 20
We can write 20 as,
20 1
So, 20 is a factor of 20 .
So, correct option is (d).
(v) 25
We know 25  2  50
So, 25 is a factor of 50 (e).
Therefore,
(i)  (b), (ii)  (d), (iii)  (a), (iv)  (f ),(v)  (e) .
Column I Column II
35 Multiple of 7
15 Factor of 30

16 Multiple of 8
20 Factor of 20
25 Factor of 50
4. Find all the multiples of 9 up to 100 .

We need to write all the multiples of 9 up to 100 .
We know that the product of a number and a counting number is a multiple of that
number.
Therefore,
9 1  9
9  2  18
9  3  27
9  4  36
9  5  45
9  6  54
9  7  63
9  8  72
9  9  81
9  10  90
9  11  99
Therefore, all the multiples of 9 up to 100 are 9,18, 27,36, 45,54,63,72,81,90,99 .
Exercise 3.2
1. What is the sum of any two:

(a). Odd numbers
Ans: Given: two odd numbers
We need to find the sum of two odd numbers.
We know that odd numbers are the numbers which cannot be divided by 2
completely.
Consider,
1,3
 1 3
4
Now consider,
13, 45
 13  45
58
Therefore, we can say that sum of two odd numbers is always an even number.
(b). Even numbers
Ans: Given: two even numbers
We need to find the sum of two even numbers.
We know that even numbers are the numbers which can be divided by 2
completely.
Consider, two even numbers
2, 4
 24
6
Now, consider two more even numbers

98, 40
 98  40
 138
Therefore, we can say that sum of two even numbers is always an even number.
2. State whether the following statements are true or false:
(a). The sum of three odd numbers is even.
Ans: Given: the sum of three odd numbers is even
We need to state whether the statement is true or false.
Consider,
1, 29,99
 1  29  99
 129
This is odd. Therefore, the given statement is False.
(b). The sum of two odd numbers and one even number is even.
Ans: Given: the sum of two odd numbers and one even number is even
Consider,
1,95,56
 1  95  56
 152
This is even. Therefore, the given statement is True.
(c). The product of three odd numbers is odd.
Ans: Given: the product of three odd numbers is odd

Consider,
1,99,105
 1 99 105
 10395
This is odd. Therefore, the given statement is True.
(d). If an even number is divided by 2 , the quotient is always odd.
Ans: Given: If an even number is divided by 2 , the quotient is always odd.
Consider, number 44
Divide by 2 , we will get

44  2
 22
Thus, the quotient is not odd. Therefore, the given statement is False.
(e). All prime numbers are odd.
Ans: Given: All prime numbers are odd
We know that 2 is a prime number which is not odd. Therefore, the given
statement is False.
(f). Prime numbers do not have any factors.
Ans: Given: Prime numbers do not have any factors.
We know that a factor is a number that divides a given integer completely without
leaving any reminder.

Consider, 23
The factors of 23 are 1, 23 . Therefore, all prime numbers have factors itself and 1.
Therefore, the statement is False.
(g). Sum of two prime numbers is always even.
Ans: Given: Sum of two prime numbers is always even.
We know that all prime numbers are odd except 2. So, if we add two add numbers
then the sum of those numbers is even.
Consider, 2,5
Adding the numbers, we get
25
7
It is not even. Therefore, the given statement is False.
(h). 2 is the only even prime number.
Ans: Given: 2 is the only even prime number.
We know that 2 is the only prime number. All other prime numbers are odd.
Therefore, the given statement is True.
(i). All even numbers are composite numbers.
Ans: Given: All even numbers are composite numbers
We know that the composite numbers are the numbers having factors other than 1
and the number itself.

Consider, 2
This is an even number. But it does not have any factors other than 1 and itself.
Therefore, 2 is not a composite number. Therefore, the given statement is False.
(j). The product of two even numbers is always even.
Ans: Given: The product of two even numbers is always even.
Consider, two even numbers 2, 4
Product of these numbers will be
2 4
8
It is even.
Now consider, 48,98
Product of these numbers will be
48  98
 4704
It is also even.
Therefore, the statement is True.
3. The numbers 13 and 31 are prime numbers. Both these numbers have same
digits 1 and 3 . Find such pairs of prime numbers up to 100 .
Ans: Given: The numbers 13 and 31 are prime numbers. Both these numbers have
same digits 1 and 3
We need to find such pairs of prime numbers up to 100 .

The prime numbers up to 100 are
2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19, 23, 29,31,37, 41, 43, 47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97
Therefore, the pairs of prime number will be
17 and 71.
4. Write down separately the prime and composite numbers less than 20 .
Ans: Given: 1, 2,3, 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19, 20
We need to write separately the prime and composite numbers less than 20 .
We know that the composite numbers are the numbers having factors other than 1
and the number itself.
Prime numbers are the numbers having factors 1 and itself.
Therefore, prime numbers will be
2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19
The composite numbers will be
4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18
5. What is the greatest prime number between 1 and 10 ?
Ans: Given: prime numbers 2,3,5,7
We need to find the greatest prime number between 1 and 10 .
Therefore, we can see that the greatest prime number among the given numbers is
7.

6. Express the following as the sum of two odd numbers:
(a). 44
Ans: Given: 44
We need to express the given numbers as the sum of two odd numbers.
We can write the given number 44 as
5  39
 44
(b). 36
Ans: Given: 36
9  27
 36
(c). 24
Ans: Given: 24
3  21
 24
(d). 18
Ans: Given: 18

5  13
 18
7. Give three pairs of prime numbers whose difference is 2 . [Remark: Two

prime numbers whose difference is 2 are called twin primes.]
Ans: Given: prime numbers
We need to find three pairs of prime numbers whose difference is 2 .
We know that prime numbers are the numbers having factors 1 and itself.
Therefore, the three pairs of prime numbers whose difference is 2 will be
5 and 7
11 and 13
17 and 19
8. Which of the following numbers are prime?
(a). 23
Ans: Given: 23
We need to find if the given number is prime.
Therefore, 23 can be written as 1 23 .
Thus, it is a prime number.
(b). 51
Ans: Given: 51

Therefore, 51 can be written as 3 17 .
Thus, 51 is not a prime number.
(c). 37
Ans: Given: 37
Therefore, 37 can be written as 1 37 .
Thus, it is a prime number.
(d). 26
Ans: Given: 26
Therefore, 26 can be written as 2 13 .
Thus, 26 is not a prime number.
9. Write seven consecutive composite numbers less than 100 so that there is no
prime number between them.
Ans: Given: numbers less than 100
We need to write seven consecutive composite numbers less than 100 so that there
is no prime number between them.

We know that prime numbers less than 100 are
2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19, 23, 29,31,37, 41, 43, 47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97 .
Therefore, seven consecutive composite numbers less than 100 so that there is no
prime number between them will be
90,91,92,93,94,95,96 .
10. Express each of the following numbers as the sum of three odd primes:
(a). 21
Ans: Given: 21
We need to express the given number as the sum of three odd primes.
Therefore, we can write 21 as
21  5  7  11
(b). 31
Ans: Given: 31
31  5  7  19
(c). 53
Ans: Given: 53

53  11  13  29
(d). 61
Ans: Given: 61
61  3  5  53
11. Write five pairs of prime numbers less than 20 whose sum is divisible by 5.
Ans: Given: 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19
We need to write five pairs of prime numbers less than 20 whose sum is divisible
by 5 .
A number is divisible by 5 if the unit place digit is either 0 or 5.
Therefore, the pairs will be
1. 3  7  10
2. 23  5
3. 13  2  15
4. 13  7  20
5. 3  17  20
6. 5  5  10

12. Fill in the blanks:
(a). A number which has only two factors is called a __________.
Ans: We need to fill in the blank with appropriate number or word.
A number which has only two factors is called a prime number.
(b). A number which has more than two factors is called a _________.
A number which has more than two factors is called a composite number.
(c). 1 neither ________ nor _________.
1 neither prime nor composite number.
(d). The smallest prime number is ________.
The smallest prime number is 2.
(e). The smallest composite number is ________.
The smallest composite number is 4 .
(f). The smallest even number is __________.
The smallest even number is 2 .
Exercise-3.3
1. Using divisibility test, determine which of the following numbers are
divisible by 2 by 3 by 4 by 5 by 6 by 8 by 9 by 10 by 11 (say yes or no)

Number Divisible by
2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11
128
990
1586
275
6686
639210
429714
2856
3060
406839
Ans: We need to determine that which of the given numbers are divisible by 2; by
3; by 4; by 5; by 6; by 8; by 9; by 10; by 11.
Number Divisible by
2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11
128 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No
990 Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes
1586 Yes No No No No No No No No
275 No No No Yes No No No No Yes
6686 Yes No No No No No No No No
639210 Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes
429714 Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No No
2856 Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No
3060 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No
406839 No Yes No No No No No No No

divisibly by 4; by 8:
(a) 572
Ans: Given: 572
We need to determine whether the given number is divisible by 4; by 8.
Here the last two digits of the number are divisible by 4; hence the number is
divisible by 4.
The given number is not divisible by 8, as the last three digits are not divisible by
8.

(b) 726352
Ans: Given: 726352
As the last two digits of the given number are divisible by 4, hence the given
number is divisible by 4.
The given number is divisible by 8, as the last three digits are divisible by 8.
(c) 5500
Ans: Given: 5500
divisible by 4.
8.
(d) 6000
Ans: Given: 6000
As the last two digits of the given number are divisible by 4, hence the given
number is divisible by 4.
The given number is divisible by 8, as the last three digits are divisible by 8.
(e) 12159
Ans: Given: 12159
Here the last two digits of the number are not divisible by 4; hence the number is
not divisible by 4.
8.
(f) 12159
Ans: Given: 12159
divisible by 4.

The given number is divisible by 8, as the last three digits are divisible by
8.
(g) 21084
Ans: Given: 21084
divisible by 4.
8.
(h) 31795072
Ans: Given: 31795072
divisible by 4.
The given number is divisible by 8, as the last three digits are divisible by
8.
(i) 1700
Ans: Given: 1700
divisible by 4.
8.
(j) 2150
Ans: Given: 2150
Here the last two digits of the number are not divisible by 4; hence the number is
not divisible by 4.
8.

divisible by 6:
(a) 297144
Ans: Given: 297144
We need to find whether the given number is divisible by 6.
The units place digit is an even number; hence the given number is divisible by 2.
The given number is divisible by 3 as the sum of digits is divisible by 3.
As the number is divisible by both 2 and 3, hence the given number is divisible by
6.
(b) 1258
Ans: Given: 1258
The given number is not divisible by 3 as the sum of digits ( 16) is not divisible by
3.
As the number is divisible by 2 but not by 3, hence the given number is not
divisible by 6.
(c) 4335
Ans: Given: 4335
The units place digit is an odd number; hence the given number is not divisible by
2.
The given number is divisible by 3 as the sum of digits ( 15) is divisible by 3.
As the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, hence the given number is not
divisible by 6.
(d) 61233
Ans: Given: 61233
2.

divisible by 6.
(e) 901352
Ans: Given: 901352
3.
divisible by 6.
(f) 438750
Ans: Given: 438750
6.
(g) 1790184
Ans: Given: 1790184
6.
(h) 12583
Ans: Given: 12583
2.

3.
As the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, hence the given number is divisible
by 6.
(i) 438750
Ans: Given: 438750
6.
(j) 17852
Ans: Given: 17852
3.
As the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, hence the given number is divisible
by 6.

divisible by 11
(a) 5445
Ans: Given: 5445
We need to find whether the given number is divisible by 11 or not.
The sum of digits at odd places is 4  5  9 and sum of digits at even places is
45  9
Difference of both sums is 9  9  0.
As the difference is 0, therefore, the number is divisible by 11.
(b) 10824

Ans: Given: 10824
The sum of digits at odd places is 4  8  1  13 and sum of digits at even places is
20  2
Difference of both sums is 13  2  11
(c) 7138965
Ans: Given: 7138965
The sum of digits at odd places is 5  9  3  7  24 and sum of digits at even places
is 6  8  1  15
Difference of both sums is 24 15  9
As the difference is 9, therefore, the number is not divisible by 11.
(d) 70169308
The sum of digits at odd places is 8  3  6  0  17 and sum of digits at even places is
0  9  1  7  17
Difference of both sums is 17 17  0.
(e) 10000001
The sum of digits at odd places is 1  0  0  0  1 and sum of digits at even places is
0  0  0  1  1.
Difference of both sums is 1 1  0.
(f) 5445
Ans: Given: 5445

The sum of digits at odd places is 3  1  0  4 and sum of digits at even places is
5  1  9  15.
Difference of both sums is 15  4  11.
5. Write the smallest digit and the largest digit in the blanks space of each of
the following numbers so that the number formed is divisibly by 3 :
(a) _____ 6724

Ans: Given: _____ 6724
We need to find the smallest digit and the largest digit in the blank space so that
the number formed is divisible by 3.
A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of digits is divisible by 3.
Hence, Smallest digit is 2  26724  2  6  7  2  4  21
And Largest digit is 8  86724  8  6  7  2  4  27
(b) 4765_____ 2
Ans: Given: 4765 _____ 2
A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of digits is divisible by 3.
Hence, Smallest digit is 0  476502  4  7  6  5  0  2  24
And Largest digit is 9  476592  4  7  6  5  0  2  33
6. Write the smallest digit and the largest digit in the blanks space of each of
the following numbers so that the number formed is divisibly by 11:
(a) 92____389
Ans: Given: 92 ____ 389
A number is divisible by 11 if the difference of the sum of digits at odd and even
places is either 0 or 11.
Hence, 928389  Sum of digits at odd places  9  8  8  25
Sum of digits at even places  2  3  9  14

Difference  25 14  11.
(b) 8____9484
Ans: Given: 8 ____ 9484
A number is divisible by 11 if the difference of the sum of digits at odd and even
places is either 0 or 11.
Hence, 869484  Sum of digits at odd places  8  9  8  25
Sum of digits at even places  6  4  4  1
Difference  25 – 14  11.
Exercise-3.6
1. Find the H.C.F. of the following numbers:

(a) 18, 48
Ans: Given: 18, 48
We need to find H.C.F of the given numbers.
We know that the bigger factor that splits two or more numbers is the highest
common factor.
Thus,
Factors of 18 will be
=2x3x3
=2x2x2x2x3
Take common factors of 18 and 48 , we get
H.C.F. of 18, 48
 23
6
(b) 30, 42
Ans: Given: 30, 42
common factor.
Thus,

=2x3x5
=2x3x7
H.C.F of 30 and 42
 23
6
(c) 18, 60
Ans: Given: 18, 60
common factor.
Thus,
=2 x 3 x 3
=2x2x3x5
H.C.F. of 18 , 60
=2x3
=6
(d) 27, 63
Ans: Given: 27, 63
common factor.
Thus,
=3x3x3
=3x3x7
Take common factors of 27 and 63 ,we get
H.C.F. of 27 , 63
=3x3
=9

(e) 36, 84
Ans: Given: 36,84
common factor.
Thus,
=2 x 2 x 3 x 3
=2x2x3x7
H.C.F. of 36 , 84
=2x2x3
= 12
(f) 34, 102

Ans: Given: 34,102
common factor.
Thus,
= 2 x 17
= 2 x 3 x 17
Take common factors of 34 and 102 ,we get
H.C.F. of 34,102
= 2 x 17
= 34
(g) 70, 105, 175

Ans: Given: 70, 105, 175
common factor.
Thus,
=2x5x7

=3x5x7
=5x5x7
Take common factors of 70 , 105 and 175 , we get
H.C.F. of 70, 105, 175
=7 x 5
= 35
(h) 91, 112, 49

Ans: Given: 91, 112, 49
We need to find H.C.F of the given numbers .
common factor.
Thus,
= 7 x 13
=2x2x2x2x7
=7x7
Take common factors of 91, 112 and 49 , we get
H.C.F. of 91, 112, 49
=1 7
=7
(i) 18, 54, 81

Ans: Given: 18, 54, 81
common factor.
Thus,
=2x3x3
 2  3 3 3
=3x3x3x3
Take common factors of 18, 54 and 81 , we get

H.C.F. of 18, 54, 81
=3x3
=9
(j) 12, 45, 75

Ans: Given: 12, 45, 75
common factor.
Thus,
=2x2x3
=3x3x5
=3x5x5
Take common factors of 12, 45 and 75 ,we get
H.C.F. of 12, 45, 75
=1x3
=3
2. What is the H.C.F. of two consecutive:

(a) numbers?
Ans: We have to find H.C.F. of two consecutive numbers:
common factor.
Let us take consecutive numbers 2 and 3 ,
Thus,
Factors of 2
=2 x 1
Factors of 3
=3 x 1
Hence, H.C.F. of two consecutive numbers is 1 .
(b) even numbers?

Ans: We have to find H.C.F. of two even consecutive numbers:
common factor.

Let us take even consecutive numbers 2 and 4 .
 1 2
 2 2
H.C.F. of 2 and 4
2
Hence, H.C.F. of two even consecutive numbers is 2 .
(c) odd numbers?

Ans: We have to find H.C.F. of two odd consecutive numbers:
common factor.
Let us take odd consecutive numbers 3 and 5 ,
 1 3
 1 5
H.C.F. of 3 and 5
1
Hence, H.C.F. of two consecutive odd numbers is 1 .
3. H.C.F. of co-prime numbers 4 and 15 was found as follows by

factorization: 4  2 x 2 and 15  3 x 5 since there is no common prime factor, so
H.C.F. of 4 and 15 is 0 . Is the answer correct? If not, what is the correct
H.C.F.?
Ans: Given:
Factors of 4
 2 2
Factors of 15
 3 5
H.C.F. of co-prime numbers 4 and 15 is 0 .
But this statement is wrong.
1 is the common factor of each and every number.
 1 2  2

 1 3  5
Hence, H.C.F of co-prime numbers 4 and 15 is 1 .

Class 6 - Maths - Playing With Numbers

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Class 6 - Maths - Playing With Numbers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NCERT Solutions for Class 6

Ans: Given: number 24

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 24 as,

Therefore, the factors of 24 will be 1, 2,3, 4,6,8,12, 24 .

Ans: Given: number 15

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 15 as,

Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 1

Therefore, the factors of 15 will be 1,3,5,15 .

Ans: Given: number 21

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 21 as,

Therefore, the factors of 21 will be 1,3,7, 21 .

Ans: Given: number 27

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 27 as,

Therefore, the factors of 27 will be 1,3,9, 27 .

Ans: Given: number 12

Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 2

We can write 12 as,

Therefore, the factors of 12 will be 1, 2,3, 4,6,12 .

Ans: Given: number 20

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 20 as,

Therefore, the factors of 20 will be 1, 2, 4,5,10, 20 .

Ans: Given: number 18

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 18 as,

Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 3

Therefore, the factors of 18 will be 1, 2,3,6,9,18 .

Ans: Given: number 23

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 23 as,

Therefore, the factors of 23 will be 1, 23 .

Ans: Given: number 36

We need to write all the factors of the given number.

We can write 36 as,

Therefore, the factors of 36 will be 1, 2,3, 4,6,9,12,18,36 .

Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 4

Ans: Given: number 5

We need to write the first five multiples of the given number.

The product of a number and a counting number is a multiple of that number.

Therefore, the first five multiples of 5 will be 5,10,15, 20, 25 .

Ans: Given: number 8

We need to write the first five multiples of the given number.

The product of a number and a counting number is a multiple of that number.

Therefore, the first five multiples of 8 will be 8,16, 24,32, 40 .

Ans: Given: number 9

Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 5

The product of a number and a counting number is a multiple of that number.

Therefore, the first five multiples of 9 will be 9,18, 27,36, 45 .

3. Match the items in column 1 with the items in column 2 :

Ans: Given: two columns having different options

We can write 35 as,

Class VI Maths www.vedantu.com 6

We know that a factor of 30 is 15 .

So, correct option is (d).

We can write 16 as,

So, 16 is a multiple of 8 (a).

We can write 20 as,

So, correct option is (d).

So, 25 is a factor of 50 (e).