TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION - Basie Cosmetotoow Competencies: 1. Explain the importance of good grooming for personal ‘and professional development 2. Apply the correct procedure in msnicuring and pedicuring, 3. Apply the various ways of maintaining facial care, 4. Aoply the basics in barbering, hairstyling and hair treatment COSMETOLOGY - the study and application of beauty treatment. + Includes hairstyling, ski care, cosmeticn, rmanicure/pedicure, and electrology (permanent hair removal) ‘GOOD GROOMING ~ means taking care of the hair, skin, face, hands and total body that can lit one's morale and help increase self-esteem and a manifestation that a person is indeed takng care of himseltInerselt, PERSONAL HYGIENE - is the daily meintenance of Cleantiness and thoughtfulness. BASICS OF MANICURE AND PEDICURE MANICURE — comes from the Latin word manus meaning hhand andi cure which means care. A cosmetic beauty treatment {or the fingemails and hands. PEDICURE ~ pedi means foot and cura means care. A way to improve the feet and their nails. itis a set of procedures performed in the feet to treat or prevent negative health conditions. THINGS To KNOW S:ructure of the nail Composition of cosmetics used in manicure/pedicure Manicure/Pedicure procedures (Care for client's problems or conterns. Distinguish nail orders that can or can't be treated ‘Sanitation and Disinfectant procedures Difference between nail diseases and nail disorders NAIL STRUCTURE '* Free Edge — the end of the nail plate that is shaped during menicuring end pedicuring ‘+ Hyponychium ~ the portion of the skin af the and of the finger underneath the free edge + Nail plate ~ the visible portion of ine nail that sits on top of the nail bed and ends at the free edge. ‘© Sidewall — the grooves on the sides of the nail bbotween the nail and the skin |= Nail bed ~ the part of tha finger undemeath the nail plate. ‘© Lunula -the moon-shaped point where the matrix and the nail bed meet. The softest part of the neil ‘+ Cuticle ~ the overlapping skin surrounding the nail. ts Job isto protect the matrix from invading bacteria and physical damage. ‘= Matrix — this is where the nail is made ard only living part of the nai SHAPES OF THE NAIL 4. Oval Nail ~ itis common among people with long and perfect nail beds. It may be styled slightly rounded at the base and slightly pointed at the fingertips. Most often this type of nail has a natural look and looks ‘very good in short-medium length. 2. Square Nail — its created by allowing the nail to grow ‘out stigight and then filing the tip straight across at Fight angles with the rest ofthe nail plate. | Pointed Nail — a pointed nail is filed ‘sides to a point atthe to; this shape the sides of the nail are totally lost. ray atthe ety weak as he 4. Squoval Nail ~is a square nail but his sofler edges that of an oval. 5,_ Round Nail - this is ideal for short nails. MANICURE AND PEDICURE IMPLEMENTS. Implements ~ are handled tools used in mani durable and must be sanitized or disposed the client re which are reach use with # Orangewood Stick — loosen cuticle, ‘the nail and for applying ream, ei er nail and cuticle. Nail File — used to shape and smooth the free edge of| the nal + Cuticle Pusher- to push back and lobsen cuticle + Cuticle Nipper — to trim the cuticle «Nail Brush —to clean the nails and finger tips wth the aid of warm soap and water + Emery Boards — to shape the free edge of the finger nals wit the coarse side anc level he nal on the fine side. + Nal Butfer~use to smocthen the 1 potion ofthe nail plate. | + Nail Cutter — to cut the nails | Tweezers — used to it small bts of citicle from nails Nail Cosmatics + Cuticle Croam — used to prevent britle nails and dry cuticle + Cuticle Remover ~ used to soften the dead cuticle around the nail «Cuticle Olt used to soften and Wubete the skin around the nail + Guticle Solvent — may contain 2:5% of sodium or potassium hydroxide plus glycerin + Nail Whitener applied as a paste, cream or coated sting consists mainly of white pigmets applied under the free edge ofthe nail fo keep them looking white | Nail Polish — usually prepared in the form of powder or paste. I smoathens the nal nd alo imparts a sheen fo the nal during bufing. | + Nall Dryer~ a fine spray which protets the nai against stickiness and dulling. Can be used either as, ' Spray over the top coat or directly in the nal polish, + Base Coat ~a liquid product applied before the liquid rail polish. With this eppicator, the nail polish adheres reach te the surface. It has also a hard glass which prevents the color in tho nail polish from staining the nal tissue. + Top Coat or Top Sealer ~ a liquid applied over the nal polish. This product protects the polish and minimizes the chipping of cracking of te colored ish «Nit straightener — a product designbd to preven the nails from spitting or peeling. Its apeied to the tips of the nals + Hand Cream and Lotion - keep the'skin soft by replacing the natural ol ost fom the skin + Abrasive ~ available as pumice powder and is used to smooth regular nalldges. | + Nail Bleach ~ used to remove yellow stains * Antibacterial Soap — itis mixed with warm water and used in ngerbow to sanitize hands. MATERIALS — are supplies used during a manicure and need to be replaced for each client | ‘© Absorbent Cotton — use to remove dosmeties to the nals 1 Soap —use for finger rings | Warm water —use for finger bath | “Towel - use individual towel for each cient Cleaning Tissue - use whenever necessary Antiseptic se fr mror ures sues surrounding the nails + Dintrectae- uve fo sali iplenprt, to sponge and manicure table + Spatula — use io remove creams from jars+ Mending tissue and mending liquid use to repair and cover broken, spit or tom nails. = Garbage bags EQUIPMIENT ~ are permanent items used in manicure that are durable and do not have to be replaced until they wear out. ‘Manicure Table ~ designed for giving manicure * Manicurist's Chair or Stool — is the adjustable Upholstered seat filed over metal or a chrome. * Finger or Manicure Bow! — 2 small bow used for ‘soaking the fingers to soften the cuticles. * Disinfection Container ~ is 2 receptacle that holds the Gisinfectant solution in which the objects to be sanitized is immersed. ‘+ Manioure Pillow —a hand cushion that helps a client ‘2 keep her hands steady and relaxed. © Supply Tray Holder ~ container which holds polisher, Folish removers and creams, PROCEDURES A. Preparation for @ Plain Manicure 1. “Remove old polish. Moisten cotton with polish remover and press aver the nail to soften, 2. Shape the nail. Ask the client's preferred shape then file the nail of the left hand, from lite finger to thumb. File each nail from corner to center {going from right to left and then lef to right 3. Soften the cuticle. After filing, immersed left hand into the finger bow! to soften 4 Dry fingertips. Wipe the hands with towel and gently loosen and push back the cuticle and adhering skin on each nal 5 Apply cuticle remover. Wet nail with cuticle ‘remover around the nail and push gently and carefully loosen dead cuticle, Avoid too much pressure in pushing the cuticle, 6. Loosen cuticle. Use the fat side of the pusher. Keep culicle moist while working, 7. Clean under free-edge using cotton, Tipped ‘orangewood stick, deep in soapy water and clean under the free edge from the center toward each 5. Dipped Nails ~ are atic nal tip tha re sprayed with an adhesive and then applied wth gue othe ends of natural nai. 6. Nail Tipping ~by simply extending the natural na still. PREPARATION FOR PEDICURE | Arrange required equipment, implements end materials, 2 Seat sent in facial chair, Aes he ont in removing ‘shoes and socks, 3. Pace hisiher feet on a clean paper towel on fot rest. 4. Rub the feet with an antiseptic alcoho! before starting the procedure for pedicure, PROCEDURE Lees ae eran ieters ae ene aetna eure ee aes a eer eae nen ae rap ete sete as prasad ca ac SANITARY CARE 4. Weer a clean unifornvapron at all times. 2. Wash and dy hands thoroughly Beate end ater each manicure/pedioure service. 3. Steflize used manicure and pedicure implements and place them in a cabinet striaer. 4. Discard used materials in losed contpiners. 5. Clean up of manicure/pedicure implements and place everything in order. FACIAL CARE Facial skin care needs proper facial stn care products, a routine of cleansing, toning and maistutzing FACIAL TREATMENT — deep cleansing treatrhent of the face, ‘neck and shoukiers, using masks, creams and massage to tone, exfoliate, moisturize and revitalize the skin, FACE CARE ROUTINE side with gentle pressure. 8. Cleanse nails. Brush nails in soap water bath ‘with a downward motion. Then dry hands and nails thoroughly, B. Completion 1. Bevel nails. Re-sxamine nails for defects, Use the fine side of the emery board to give the nail a smooth beveled edge. 2. Apply the base coat. Using base coat polish, starting withthe ltl finger toward the thumb. 3. Apply the liquid polish from finger to thumb. 4. Remove excess polish using nail polish remover. 5. Apply top or coal eoat. Apply with the long strokes from loft hand to ight, ite finger to ‘Remove old make up andthe gime and grease that have been accumulated ding the 2. Remove mascara wih @eaton bud dipped in eye- dipped cleansing iaton 2. Remove tne eyeshadow by gant wiping off with a pad of clean coton moistened wth eye-cleansing foton 4, Pour ite face cleansing cream nt the palm of one hand and dab t generously over the rpse, chi, forehoed and cheeks = using two finger of other hana ae jassage the cream into the ski 8. Apply hand lotion after the top coat is dry Sor eben rae from wrists to finger tips. Tor hah a ; Eee NAIL POLISH APPLICATION Toners remove al traces of dr, make -up or clean Always use long, continuous, even stroke er eens + AN ass a immediately afer cleansing, apply tonerto the ‘+ Wipe off excess polish on the neck ofthe bottle before forehead and cheeks on a pad of colton wool. Apply the toner painting 1 the crevices of the nose then around the chin. ‘© Apply two or more coats for greater coveraye and to MOISTURIZING ‘give the polish an even, uniform look Without moisture, the skin will not remain smooth and, + Use atop coat to prevent chipping, give a gloss shine miei and to help the polish las ionger. 41. Using the tps of fingertips, dot meisturzing + Paint a bit on the edge ofthe nails as well o help cream ight all over the face. | prevent chipping end flaking 2. Press the fingers of both hands ino the center of ADVANGE NA TECHNIQUES the forehead and work the cream slowly NNait art ~ is an imaginative and arlstic process involving special care and exparta for bringing out ‘outwards. Pat gendy around eyes, To the jawtne, ‘city and mouth, twat 10 colarbohe ana erin, the Best effecis in manicuting and pedicuring. EXFOLIATION | 2. Nail Wrapping — is done to mend tom, broken or spt Etre eeentel sere ove nals, and to forty weak or fragile nal mechanical or chemical exfolants. Essential io Keep skin soft 3. Seulptured Nails — also known as build-on nails, are ond glowing. I Uusod when one or more nails are to be lengthened. FACIAL MANIPULATION | 4. Prussedon Artificial Nails ~ are @ convenient way Massage or the use of strokes to relax and stimulate folengthen and beautify eis, skin and facial muscles. |FACIAL MASSAGE benefits the body by increasing Circulation, innproving skin elasticity, toning and firming the skin and underiyiig muscles and generally improving the general health of the face. This type of massage can be performed completely 2s a stand-alone service provided by a trained practitioner or provided within full-body massage treatments, Regular facial massage is a relaxing and healthy adjunct to add to a well-being regimer ‘+ Effieurage - is the light and continuous motion of the fingers and palms over facial skin. This massage stroke is useful to relax the mind and body, improve circulation and is the basis for all relaxation styles of massage. Effleurage performed on the face is tthythmie and smooth, employing the pads of the fingers or palms of the hands. © Petrissage ~is a kneading motion where the skin and the underlying layer of facial muscles are lightly ‘grasped and lifted, The kneading motion squeezes, ‘olis or applies gentle pressure to stimulate the soft tissue of the face and increase circulation. Movements should always be firm, yet gentio, Petrissage is often performed over more fleshy areas, of the face, such as the cheeks. © Tepotement is a stimulating technique that is characterized by a tapping, cupping or chopping type ‘of motion performed with the hands. For facial massage, finger tip tapping is the most gentle form of tapotement to use. Using the finger tip pads to lightly ‘arid rhythmically tap over the forehead, cheeks and cchin can stimulate the skin, improve circulation and reduce puffiness. FACIAL PROBLEMS 1. Dry Skin ~ caused by an insufficient flow of sebum (ii) from the sebaceous glands. 2. Oily Skin ~ the production of too much oil 3. Blackheads — caused by hardened mass of sebum 4 fermed in the ducts of sebaceous glands, Whiteheads ~ a common disorder caused by the formation of sebaceous matter within or under the cin. Usually occurs in skin of fine texture. 5. Acne ~is a disorder of sebaceous gland. FACIAL MAKE.UP + The appiication of cosmetics to the face to emphasize ‘one’s good facial features and minimize less attractive features. KINDS OF FACIAL MAKE-UP 4. Day Make-up. A simple and light make-up that needs ‘tp be subtle and balanced. Neutral shades work best ecause they are subtle yet stil define and enhance ‘one's feature. :vening Make-up. Make-up that is more dramatic 'Specially if one is attending a party of functions Where the lights will be dimmed. 3. Photographic Make-up. Make-up that take into. consideration specifically the effect of the camera to detailed figures taking into consideration the good features and imperfections. 4, Theatrical/Fantasy Make-up. Loud and heavy Intended to disguise the person’s actual appearance ‘and represent the roles and characters to be portrayed, IMPLEMENTS AND SUPPLIES 1. tyes ‘© Eyeliner. A thin and fine brush that helps you line your eyes with precision, along the shape of the eye, © Eye Shadow. Use to make eyes brighter and more expressive. © Mesears. Defines aya and make lashes longer and thicker © Eyebrow Brush. Gives definition and shape to the eyebrows, giving it a clear and precise ‘are shape, 2. Face © Foundation Brush. Used to apply liquid o ‘mineral foundation over the face, neck and ‘even on the back. APPLICATION PROCEDURES Corrective Make-up for FOREHEAD Corrective Make-up for NOSE Corrective Make-up for JAW LINE AND CI How to shape BROWS. | EYEBROW SHAPES 1 © Concealer Brush, Used to apply concealer to ‘areas of imperfection on the face such as blemishes, spots and imperfect skin tone. © Powder Brush. Used to apply foose powder ‘over the foundation and conodaler. © Blusher Brush, Used to apply blush or cheek ‘color evenly over the cheeks dnd cheek bones. ] 3. Lip © Lip Brush. Used to apply tips grip gloss to the lips. j 1. Apply foundation fist to the nose and qnouth area aid then blend outward 2. Apply the concealer to the inside comer of the eye, under the eye and brow bone. Then, use finger to pat into the skin blending the color. 3. Applying the eye color. The lightest shade hightights the inside corner of the eye and brow bone. The ‘medium shade is applied tothe lid and into the 4. Applying the eyebrow color. Use color|that matches the haircolor. Begin atthe inner comer ofthe brow and follow the natural shape using light, feathery strokes. Apply mascara from the base of the lashes tothe tip. ‘Apply cheek color. Apply blush to the pple of the cheek and then blend up toward the middle ofthe ear and hairline. Then blend downwards to soften color. ‘CORRECTIVE MAKE-UP. A make up technique used to achieve a balanced appearance. Ils purpose is to define feature, balance face shapo, eyebrows and eyes and lips. 1.” Highlighting - application ofa lighter shade of foundation to a particular area of the face to focus attention fe. Shadowina/Shading ~ application of 4 darker shade of foundation to a particular feature withthe purpose of minimizing attention oe To lower the forehead, apply color thtee shades darker than the rest of the face. To make the forehead appear higher, apply color three shades lighter than the rest of the face. Narrow a forehead by shading the temples and. blending onto the frontal plane of the_forehead. reat te sopaaranos of a vider fofuhaad by ecdng highlights from temple to haiine and bending, 1. To make a nose appear shorter, blend a darker color under nose and up over tip. 2. To create the appearance of a longe} nose, highlight ‘down over an under the tip. 3. Widen a nose by using a broad high(ight down the center of the nose and blending, 4. Use the reverse of the technique uséd for widening to fata noes lock nancber 8 “Round off square jaw by shadowing the part that needs rounding. Cary the shadow tlh under and Over the jawbone. 2. Tormake a person more youthful, add highlight all along the jawbone softening the iowpr edge and Blending the top, 3. Make a prominent chin less noticeable by darkening the whole chin wh a shadow 4, Make a chin appear shorter by shadowing the tower part of chin 4 Brush hairin the drecton of haic growth, 2: Isolate te nair you ae about te 3. Tweeze dia the direction ofthe hair growth, 4. Pull one hair at a te smoothly and gery Round ~ makes a face appear rounder. It softens features and emphasizes the heart [nthe heart, shaped face Z 2. Angled ~ great for those wanting @ face lit. People will $600 YoU us more vouthfu,3. -Softanaled ~ similar to angled excep! that ts peaks ofr, more subtle an feminine. Considered as perfect brow shape 4. Gulyad.- defines a thoughtful expression giving 3 ‘more professional look. This shape is lovely forall face shapes and should not be overiooked 5. Flat - perfect for those with lng face which makes the face appear shorter and more oval HAIR CARE -is an overall tem for parts of hygiane and cosmetology involving the hair on the human Head HAIR HISTOLOGY ~is the science ofthe minute structure of the hai. KERATIN — protein which makes up our hairel Nai) MELANIN —'s a pigment that gives color tothe hair and skin. HAIR ANALYSIS ~the prosess of recognizing and distinguishing the various types and quaies of hat HAIR STYLING ~ the hairstyle, hairdo orhaireut ofthe head hae HAIR CLITING ~ the process of thining, tapering, and shortening the hai, using comb, thinning shears or razor, to mold the hair into becoming shapo. MAIR TAINTING - the science and art of changing the color of the hair. THREE TYPES OF HAIR IN THE BODY 1 Long hair ~ protecis the scalp rom sun rays and injury, adomment fo the head and asa pleasing frame forthe face. 2. Shorthair ~ are bristly hair such a the eyebrows and aye lashes which adds beauty and color tothe face 3. Vellus hair or Lanuge is fne, sof downy he on the cheeks, forehead and near all other areas ofthe 20 Procedure in Normal Hair and Scalp Treatments 4. Orape the client 2. Srush hairfor about § minutes. 3. Apply seaip cream, 4. _Appiy infrared lamp fo about 5 minutes. 5 a 7 ‘Give scalp manipulations for 10 to 20 minutes. ‘Shampoo the hair Towel-dry the hair. ‘Apply suitable scalp lotion BARBERING ~the shaving or trimming of he beard, cutting the hair, and giving facial and scalp massage with oils lotions. ‘and other preparations either by hand or using the mechanical ‘poliances HAIR CUTTING ~ the art of thinning, tapering and shortening the hair, using comb, scissors or razor and mald the hair into a becoming shape. IMPLEMENTS USED IN HAIR CUTTING ‘+ Haitshaping Scissors - have pointed tips and grips with different holes, one hole fits thumb and the other Ce fits the middle finger. ‘+ Thinning Shears has notches on one blade and the 4ip is not pointed. These are specially made for thinning thick and kinky hairs, * Straight Rezor — used by barbers to shave beards, ‘moustaches and the napes of a cleaner effect jazor ~ have safety guards that serve as comb for thinning cut thick hair = Clipper — electrically operated shaving implement used to clear the neck after a neck tim, © Combs and © Viide-toothed Comb. Designed to detangle and smooth out towel-dried hair ©, Smail-toothed Comb. Used for smoothing and finishing short or straight hairstyles. © Vented Brush. Have multiple rows of tines along @ ‘base with air holes or openings to allow air to circulate ‘easily. Give hair height and volume as well as some directions. © Round or Curved/Style Brush, Have rows of ines on a rcund or curved base and are designed for use in blow-dry styling to add soft curve. Best used on the ‘bob shape cuts and mid length hair. © Paddle Brushes. Have rows of tines on @ flat base land are used in biow-dry straightened styles to keep the hair smooth and fet. BASIC HAIR CUTS + One Lenath (Bob cut) — cut completely on the outside ‘edge. More width atthe bottom edge than anywhere else, Also hair cut shorter than chi length. + Layered Gut, The hairs cut all over the head at varying angles folowing a guide length creating a lot of inside shape or movement © Graduated Gut, The hairis cut and held away from the outside edge, reducing weight and fullness on that ledge and moving ito a higher tne. SAFETY IN HAIRCUTTING 4. Always palm the shears when combing the hai 2. When cuting bangs or eny area, clgse to the skin 3. Do not eut past the second knuckle when cuiing on the inside of the hand. | 4. Beginners should always use a guard when razor cutting. | SECTIONING ~ controllable areas. PARTINGS - are divisions of lerger sections of hai into smaller more manageable areas that will enable you to work progressively and methodical : PROJECTION — is the amount ot hairis ited off the curve of {he head prior t cutting. ‘© O° or FLAT to the surface of the head and natural fll ‘would normally be used fo cut a soli form haircut. ‘When cuting hair at O°, refer the way that straight hair naturally hangs. + 45°. the most commonly used which forms ‘graduation + 80°- formed by lifting all hair away ffom the head at 80° wich results in uniform layer. However, if only some areas are lfled, graduation cut wil result. = ‘+ 180°- lifing the hair up from the nape ofthe neck so that itis touching the head above the cutting section HAIRSTYLING — is the art of arranging the hair wih attractive shapes and styles. Choosing hairstyle depends on the shape of the face, ifesiye, distribution, quantity and|texture of the hair, the curiness or straightness and height | HAIRSTYLE DESIGNS | Ai Twist Hate — also caled French twist, involves ‘winding the main portion ofthe hair from around its ‘midpoint, inward te the scalp using the end lengths as ‘cushion to fil out the twist. | 2. Petal and Biossom Heicsivie the pétal shaped gathers of hair along the sides and back, and the bloom of curs atthe top. 3. Laced-up and Elegant Hoirsivle ~ perfec for those individuals with tong hair who want a neatly finished- up style 4. Chignan ~ deceptively simple to style, I's tke a bun, always gracefully arranged fow. TAIR SETTING ~ is an art of ereating curls or wesving METHODS | 1. Pin Curt ~ also know as sculpture halt. is a strand of hair wound into 8 continuous col and secured in a place with @ hairpin or pin cud clip. Its used to create ‘good tines, weaves, ringlets, curls an rls. 2. Roller Curl ~ a way of setting hair by Winging a wet strand of hai around specially jade roller. itis used to height and fullness of a particular hai Wwalves dividing the hair intp manageable and | | * Fcan do ail things through Christ who gives me strength.” Phiippians 4:13,