A. Ly thuyét 1. Dinh nghia Cho dim O of dinh va sB & Khong @6i, k=O. Phép bigh Hinh biga moi diém M thanh diém M’ sao cho OM’ =KOM dug goi la phép vi ty tam O,ti 86. Ki igus Vig) (© Ta tam vi ty, & la 36 vi tu) Vion\(M)=M = OM = OM Nhén xét: -Khi k>0, M va M’ ndm ciang phia d6i véi diém O -Khi k<0, Mva M’ nim khdc phia so véi diém O ~Khi k=, M va a8i sing nha qua tim Onn Vi, >By ~Khi k=1=> M=M' phép vj tt V,,,. tré thinh phép dng nhit srupyn 3. Bigu thite toa d0 ctia phép vi tu. Yoox M(xig)->m'(xiy') _Trong mat phing tga & Oxy cho phép vit Vi,.)i I(%4¥9) =f ke+(1-k)x, (610 14 55820 y=Ay (1-H) Vay *M (ay) > May!) TM = i > aB. Cac dang toan vé phép vi ty a Phuong phay: ~ Siz dung dink nghia hoe tinh chit cia phép vi te. ~ Xée dinh anh cia mot digm, mot hinh qua phép vi - Tim qui tich didn théng qua phép vi tu. = Cée yéu 16 lién quan phép vi tr 1a thing hang, ti s6 khong ddi...tir 46 | ting dung phép vi ty 4é gidi cc bai ton hinh hoc kde... Vi dy 1: Cho diém O va k#0. Goi M’ Ia anh ciia M qua phép vi ty tim O ti so) k. Ménh dé nao sau day la sai? ‘A. Phép vi tu bigh tim vi ty thanh chinh nd, B. OM'=kOM C.Khi k=1 phép vi tla phép d6i xing tm. D. M'=Vip,) ¢2M. i du 2:Cho ABC cé trong tim G. Goi M, N, P lan lugt la trung diém cia cic canh AB, BC, CA. Phép vi tr ndo sau day bién AABC thinh ANPM? AY, BY, a CV. Dy,‘Vi du 3:Cho hai didi O, J. Xét phép vj tr V tim Iti s8 Kel va phép tinh tién ~K)IO. Lay diém M bat ki, M,=V(M), M,=T(M,). Phép bin hinh Fbign Mthanh M,..Chon ménh d® ding: ALF phép vi tu tam O ti 9 1-k. B.F IA phép vit tim Oti sok. CIA php vi ttm Oth 96 E DFA phép vit tim Oti 86 ~2 Vi dy 4: Cho AABC oS canh 3, 5, 7. Phép dng dang tl 88 k=2 bith ABC think AA'BC'6 dln tich la: ata was. 88 pa 2 4 8 { du 5:Cé bao nhiéu phép vj ty bién dudng tron (C) thanh dudng tron (C’)? AS. Ba. C2 Dikhong xéc dinh. Vi du 6: Cho dutmg tron tam O va hai duimg kinh AA’ vd BB’ vubng géc voi nnhau. M Ya digin bit ki teén dung kin BB’, M’ la hinh chia vubng goc cba M suiting tip tuyén voi duimg tron tai A. 1a giao dim cha AM va AM’. Khi a6 Na anh céia M trong phép vi ty tam A t 9’ bao nhigu? 2 2 1 2 a2 «at AG 3 3 1ku: Anh ala mot diém hose hinh qua phép vi ty bing phuong phap toa do Phucong pha: 1, Xéedinh anh cia mot aiém qua phép vi te. dng bigu thie tog 49 cla phép vi ta. 2. Xée dinh anh A’cia during thing 4 qua phép vi ty. Gach 1: Chon hai diém A,B phan bit trén A, xée dinh anh ting. Dud thing, A cin tim la dung thing qua hai anh A’,B'. Gach 2: Ap dung tinh chit phép vi tu Vioy, bién dudg thing 4 thinh ui thing a’ song song ho¥e tring voi n6. Céich 3: Sit dung quy tich - Véi mol digin M(xiy)¢4:Vjou)(M)=M'(viy’) tht Med. ‘Tr big thir toa d6 rat x,y thé vao phuomg trinh dudng thing 4 ta duge phizong trinh anh A’, 3, Xacdinh dnh ca méthinh 76 (Autmg tron, lip, parabol...) = Si dung quy ticks Véi moi diémM(x;y)thuoc inh 76, Voowy(M)=aM'(xsy!) thi M' thuge anh 26” cia hin 76. = Véi dudmg tein dp dung tinh chat phép vi tx bign during trdn bin kink think dung tron ban Kink [AR hoge sir dung quy tich.Vi du 1: Trong mat phing toa d6 Oxy, cho diém A(3;2). Anh cia A qua phép vi ty tim Otis k=—1 A. (3:2). B. (2;3). c. (2-3) D. (-3;-2). ‘Vi du 2: Trong mat phang toa d6 Oxy, cho during thing d:5x+2y-7=0. Tim anh d’ ciia d qua phép vi ty tam O tis6 k=-2. A. 2v+5y+14=0. B. Sx+4y+28=0. D. 5x+2y-14=0 du Trong mat phing toa d@ Oxy, cho dutng (C):(x=1)' +(y-1)' =4. Tim anh (C’) etia (C) qua phép vi ty tam I(-1;2) ti sO k=3? Act ay? -14r+4y-120. Boxt+y'+4x-7y-5=0, ©. (2-7) +(y+2)'=36. D.(x-7 +(y-2) =9 nm Vi du 4: Trong mit phing toa d6 Oxy, cho phép vi tu tam O, ti sd k +} Tim anh (5'}oia dudng cong (8): y= a qua phép vi ty trén. Ayo t®tt bye ttl Cc yedttt © 2= 4x" fede 1-2xC. Bai tap rén luyén ky nang . Dang 1: Shai thac din nginia, tinin chat va ‘ing dung cia phép vi tr Ci 1: Meh 8 nko sau dy sai v8 phép vine: ‘A. Bign be digi thing hing tinh ba dig thing, trang va bio toan thir ty pita cic idm ay. B, Bign dudng thing thirh duimg thing song song hod tring vind , Bit tam gide think tam giée ding dang wii i, bign géethanh gée bing n5. D. Bign during tain thanh duing trdn cling bén Kish. Cau 2: Cho hai dung thing song song d va a’. CO bao nhiéu phép vi ty v6i ds X=20 bigh dong, thiing d think 2? A, Kiting 0 phép no 1B, Cé mgt phép duy shit, ¢. Chics 2 phép. 1D. Co vb 98 php. Cau 3; Cho hai dung thing elt hau d vad C6 ‘bao nhigu phép vi te bign dudmg thing @ thank «2 A, Khéng ¢6 phép nao. B. Combe phép duy nhs D. Chu vi AABC ‘Cau 8 Cho hinh thang ABCD (AB//CD). Day lon AB=8, day nhd CD=4 Goi I 1a giao digi cia hat audng chéo va J Ja giao diém cia hai canh bén Phép didn hinh AB thanh CD la phép vi ty nio? AY, BY ay CY yy DY (3) tay ba) Ciu 9; Cho duxing tron (O;R) va mot diém A of dlink teén dung ten. BC la day cung di dng va BC 0b dé dai khong dai bing 2a (aR). Gol M Th rung dim BC. Khi d6 tap hop trong tim G ota ABC lis A. G=¥,, y(t), taphop mot dng won B.G=¥;, (M), @phop lA moe dung thing, ©. G=¥,y (01), tiphopla mot axing bn B. G=¥,,(M) tip op amo ing hing ‘Cin 10; Cho dug tron (0; ) during kink AB. MigeC. Chi cb 2 phép. D.C v6 6 phép. iu & Cho 2 dung thing song song d vid vb rt digm O Khéng niin tén cing. O6 beo ahiéu phép wi ty tim O bign dudmg thing d thinh a’? Ao BL C2, Vosé. Cau 5: Chu hai dudmg txin bing abau (0:8) va (OR) voi tam © va tam O phan bigt. C6 bao snhigu phép vi tein (0:2) thanh (0'.R)? Ad Bh 62 DVbse Cau 6 Cho hai php Vi ty Vinay V8 Vie) VO O Va (© What digi phn bigt vi ki?=1. Hop ota hai hép vit dé a phép ndo sau diy? A.Phép tinh tite. Phép @8i xing tree. C.Phépa6ixaing tim. _D, Phép quay. Cau 7 Cho AABC vuing tai A, AB=6,AC=8. Dhdp sein 4 ta 3 Ni 8 ik B nC thanh C’. Ménh d nao sau dy sai? ‘A. BRICC Ia inh thang. BBC oR ° © Swo=} duimg tran (0') tip xtc voi dudng tron (0) vi oan AB laa lugt tai C va D. Dung thing CD it (O;R) tai 1. Tinh dp dai doan Al. A 23. BRN. RB. oD. RIV. Cau 11; Cho hai dung tron (0:8) va (R’) tie xic trong tai A (R>R). Dutng kinh qua A cit (O:R) ei B va edt (O5R') tal C, Mot dung thing, i dng qua A cit (O;R) tei M vaekt (OUR) wi IN. Gol 1 1h ao digi cia BN vi CM. Minh dé no sau day lading? ‘tip hop digm I 1a durdng tin (=x (OR). B. tap hop diém J la duéng tron: ()-% (08) php dif 1 dng ee (0)-¥ (OR) Dp. tap hop diém I 1a duéng tron: (%)=¥,, 2 ((0.8)Dang 2: Tim anh cia mét diém hodc hinh qua phép vi tw bing phitong phap toa a6 Cau 12: Trong mit phing toa d@ Oxy, fim anh A’ ta A(-8) qua phép vi ne tim © #96 -2. A. A'(236). B. A’(1;3) ©. A(-2:6). D. A'(-2:-6) (Cau 13: Trong mat phiing toa 4 Oxy, cho (1:2). Tim anh A’ eta A qua phép vit tim 1(3;-1) 8 66 ka? A. A(3:4) B.A‘(t5) © a(-§-). D. 4(-18) (Cau 14: Trong mat phing toa do Oxy, cho P(-3:2), Q(1:1), (2:4). Gol PY, QR’ in lrg 18 Anh eta P.O, R qua phép vinetim © ai k=—2. Khi as toad trong tam cia AP*Q'R a (2) mle 33) Cau 15: Trong mat phing toa d6 Oxy, cho ba dim 'A(0:3), B(2;-1), C(-1:5). Phép vj ty tam A ts6 C.9x-3y 415-0, D. 9x-3y +10 = Cin 19: Tong mat phing toa 49 Ory, cho hai ding thing @3-Lan va di2e-y- 620. Php vit Vio (d)= a. Tim k. 3 Ak2. B kaj. Be ‘Cau 20:Trong mat phiing tea d6 Ory, tim anh dung fron (C’) cia dung xn (C):(x-1)«(y42)=5 qua phép vi artim O tad k=-2. A.(C):(x=2) +(yea) =10. B.(C)-(x-2)' +(y-4) =10. (Cl) {x42 (ya) «20. D.(C!)=(2-2)' +(y+4)' =20. Cau 2 Trong mat phing toa 49 Oxy, cho duing teon (C):(x-3)' +(y+2)"=5. Tim anh dtrong trdn (C’) etia (C) qua phép vi ty tim 1(1;2) tis8 k= 2. A. 4y +6x-16y+4=0. B.xt4y?—6e+16y—4=0bign B thanh C, Khi do gia tri k la: 1 1 Ake-<. Bk Gkes. Deke > 3 kad (Cau 16: Trong mit phing toa 4) Oxy, cho ba digin A(-1;2), B(31), C(4;3). Phép vj ty tam A ti sd k didn B thanh C. Khi dé gid tri & Re . Gk=L Dike@ Ciu 17: Trong mat phing toa 49 Oxy, cho dung thing d:2x+y-4=0, i(-4:2). fim anh d’ cia d qua phép vi ty tam I tisd k A. 2x-y+40. B.-2r+y+8=0. cayesea Bari lyizeo Cau 18: Trong mat phing toa d3 Oxy, cho dung thing d:3x-y-5=0. Tim anh d’ cia d qua phép vitu tim O tis k A. Br+y-9=0. B.3x-y-10=0. C. (x43) +(y-8) = 20 D. (x-3)'+(y+8)' =20. Cau 22; Trong mat phang toa dG Oxy, cho hai durong tron(C, }:(x-1)" +(y-3) = 1; (C,):(x-4)" +(y-3) =4. Tim tam vi ty ngoai cla hai durdng tron dé. A. (-2;3). B.(2;3). C.(3;-2).-D. (1:-3). Cau 23: Trong mat phng toa dO Oxy, cho hai dyong, trong (C):(x-3) +(y-3) =9 va dudng tron (C):(x-10)' +(y-7)' =4. Tim tm vj ty trong ota phep vi ty bin (C) thanh (C’) a(% 5