STATISTICS

WITH
ASSTZNMENT-3
Suchilua k_
LMBADDIA
MBA B eciuin
 ASSILNME NT 3
HEDREMS
Aademal Theeem
dand B au_ans livo uee Laeto
Saaplh pad S au net dijon then
P(Aor:Pa)+ P(B) -P[AnB
Pa E2em ht Venn diagtam Loe have AvB=AU;AnB)
wheu Aand AnB au mulually dyoLnl
P(ADB) plAuCADB)
.

P A)t P[ADB)
P()tP(B)- P{AnB)
linilaal4w geem
NS) n[A)
P(AnB) P6)-P[/A) 0
Fpmb1 eguallen a 3 we gil lhe ztult equal
Thye LO have pebvtd Lhal pedhablily dzimullancoa-
Cutana n tunl A B u equallo the
pLodu pLpbabitls oen atheat venk and
he cendkken _pobabilil o dhii,gevn thal 1 ne
 Date
Poge

Thypr
P(aba):PA)t P(B)= PlADB)
AnB AnB

Jhus h theoeum is pcovea.

AB

Multiplktalin Thtoun sPaohabii

Fo two evenl Aan B
PCAn PCA).P(BLA)PA)22D
PLAn PC)PALB)P (B)20
Lehest PLBA) upusenk wnelikenal peobabiliG o
Outantu DBuhth lh weni A à alhady happenid
P(AB)_i u the Londiluonal tnbabtG
iohappenuna A Liven lhat B hu aluady happen
ao Tn -ht sual noläluen, e havt
PCA) Da)P(A : DB) -Plana):h[An
nG) ns)

Ihtauprahhoüllem must be ene the sampl_poio

B. hat Je the even A_Th iaph spacu à B
'and Dut ohe DLA)
oampupoin
Dlan8)_pilaun lo he ciana oeual A
fenu
PAtB) AlanB).
n(B)
Kuprilng equal 3 loe qel
PlAnB) B) xDna)

Plen): plB)
Plal)
dinilasa qulem
Plt-be)n[a)'x planB)
nA)
P[anBPlb). P[BCA A
ELen th equal ( oe qel sescall cqual h0
htayot hav pro/ed that probabilil ogimullaneos
euukana_hisn venls A§B_uequallo h_praduuk.
ecbabilili em lhese wen 1he cenditieral
ebabil ly eETbegiven bat Ant_aseuuL-
Baye hcprem
The_condiluenal pobabilily ux irdicalcod
that seuiking uethen nuwinjetmaluén is ebtaind qdn
importantha pr.obabrily aln w,bgi_ou
analysis wth inualr prior_prbbabilil limalude
Apeuii xenli ainlerzs Thenlem AuLes Auh
as 'a samplaa_spesial pe apcduul lut
 Date
Page

and se en we ohtan semt addikonal4leimausn we

wpdali -t puio pwbabiili valuu by dlulatug 2uwizd
pirkabilztlesatal do a poiluigu ptobabilla
Bayu thioium which uas given by thomas Bayu a
B&lah matherniian in 3 , buuides a Mea
otnabin4 ptubaklilq a l ialulaluán The alpa
lh puobabili isten _proús a shown n
the ollouung diaggam
Nu Appicalin Pateris'
psobabilis inlethalin Bayeg thDILAm! Papbebi&.
Thutonupt o tonditienal pskabelih is inlkodued
in_uhneilay lalisas. noid thalhecendleenad
paobabil4 an went4a pehabill_bilained
Ath he addtenal eomauen hal seme slhe_eenl
bas aluady McuLd.
we uscd PCBCA) Lo _denoli he_condilen_puobabil:lG
en B Ouuhq iuen hal wenlA has 'alsacty
ecuuud Thr sellouuinemula ueasoided
indisg P[B/AY_
Lut ELE En be a sll own assoiatud
ulh asamplu apacu,Lshes_allihe 1venli tu,E)
en hawe hmzio piohabilily a tuuinu anad they
An apailh"hen dlAbL any went assoLialid
lh . Then aubedinq db Bayes Ibiarh.
 PEBLe(DAJa any k:123
ne he mans applitalent t Bayas theorem T
Baytian _ineund apaäkulas applcath o stälilial
tnaunuayesianisesunu ha oundapplcalin in
asiaus arlithiu inuieling_mditinthilb:opby,-
ihgneeui sporlilan ilz, 4o tanplh wi can Lae
Bdys h Lostm o drlioe be 'acusacy medical lat
Adullh by Lanidu housLhly ahy gzren pas5e2
is lo ha a dikeasi and llk "overalauiaus
Baye hroum sdiu en 1ensolidaling Pri piobabilly-
olitibilionslo guuuali posteaLo pbbakilctia-n
Bayesianstalikta inlaeou pAohabili_u
th ptcbabilzl an ventbyou'neuedala i
Lellilud

BiermaialDulibülen
In puababilily theoy and staliluu the
bnhemial a dili balez ii the disadi prpbabilly
diitibiluin that aiey enly luo posibh sisulhio
an_iaiimtal ithee kucig bAzailu tor tg4
lo Leio, hest Could be enlylw
suulle paK JailThiu diuibluin i'ale calleel
a binenaialpokabilily dituibiiea

h a uso_paianatlzy n_and p used hsu in

binemial daubalion he auabh n slalu Thal
 oge

humbu o inslhe enpeimunt unn and h vauabk

Vaiabl
alllht probabilily of any oe oùlome.
d disali Aandon vatíale
usaid to have a
haanial datibiülin Y t asampilsn only nn
h4ilive
.
valu h probalilily hrat Junihin u
Lven_by
Plxz) {)P9, h0, 12 D,0i
heauikL LAherD: tht _huumbes o onpeumenlj
Y Rançlem akiabls
P: Papbabilila of tuL
4 Ptobobil, 2 Jailuu
th binemial diaihuuea onui ionako he
wmltn_in lhe eAm bn-Bthrolle hailya iailat
Pnln,P): h h-

nl[nn)
sh t hr indpendunl Constanl nip au
knn aspaiamdisthe aliuuibuhee 2ns_2siakl
ehith Jollaius binermial dikibulin u knolen ar
bihennialvariabuiLx-,P
Asaianment pxobabliy _asu peanusikh bcmu
 dinu diou 9tP:l 1 -
Biendrnial_cuibuuien mean vasuanlu
Fo a binemialdutibuluen the mcan Yaianu
and standase deusiaiuin e Zhe givn_numbu d
uuK Au Aeptustnlid utng l fotmudas

Meah hp
Vatiantu p2Dpa4-
tandasd duialie opa)
CUeht p the picbabilhly Ls G, ithe pnbohlku

aepilu Binonnial_dutuibalen

Thlziap' humka aIndpendnl yialk e a jaud

humbt n n e s ipraludial
Th pihabilily kuus 1dails vaiu dor
Lahdia
nly lhe numbesl hutss u Laleulaldeul a
nThdapuduatial
 Appliraliin o Bnenaial diibalhen
dsuoealuady know, binenialdauibuhen givu
be pessibiils "oa
dilluuil sul s
ial. ij The cømcept ud lor oilcbmun
Finduiy b quañily oAaw dnd wed matuialu
ushilhiaking Abiodut
Takun a'suvy_epocilive nugáli've seteie
ALULuds em 1hi bubh Jor
Bysunia esp suluyweany'apecijic_peoducl
Can Lheck ushcthe the
humbtt o pessbn viuus the pailiculas channel.
T indhumbu omaluimak Lmploycia in
Deganisaluin. an

1Pancen Dutibiluen
Posen dshibülen uwas diicovesd by a Eunih
mathemzlican -m-physiu mnn Denu Pouen
1434 He duivnd as a umin tase of
binemia dubibalem adtholomous vaiábl
X i uth thal: ht tenstant_ psohabil2ly_p a UL Je
Lach uial i kuy kmall and he humbes a]Thialeoa

Bksu ven by the probabily masu funclin

 ASmenlubned above poissen dittibuluin etul n
busiow alualent un ehuh lheu au_eny Jeuw suA
hunbua
Ln an ntuval slne agaunla largt indpLodinl
ailuuu oA a 'vesma and haa uihglh
pilkemes lhaul ase'mulually_lccusiuu Becauu o
ha tobabikly osuus,püvesy dmll in szlaltei
lo th numbus ualsso enly thE paokakill a

Lenclilend poissen eliilibulue

Th use opoisen_aiilibulin de tempuli
hprobabilily _p 2hi pccuLena o-an Dulle
uuing a Apecicime peuund ii bastd tn hz
Lollouun4 Lndiems
T oullero u ip ans inliaLal m muL 3abch
haly and indupunolunlly_anothee,
The pobabitly eCcuLnu_EanDulieme_io a
stnall inluval buti indepinoluit the specii
Zume _jplivad
AThe pobabilly 6etuuans mou than emektem
in stnall inaval otimii negliaih4
The ayuage humbts ocuenu_o/ oilhemts lu
Lenstant in Lqual inlazvals of liine.
Ppissen_peahablils_unclin
aimial is pealda lasze-
an
numbti al my ,say
etLuunusan a,he
Dalemt ptohabillyp,
'ntesuat:lil
P iustay-
 foge

n tach ual small,The aveage numbtd

is vey
umta that an okltat_KRA in_ CLtaln peuod o
bp i also stmal.Under thtse Losdiions
the binemial ptobabilils Jundun,

Plh:))p
bin-la)(ht)pa

p lindo 4o.a ixd valau éfr.

Thu the peiksen diulubulto uhich appLadalhs the
bineial diitubulubn i delintd by thtollouxny piobebi-
-a unilin,-
P : : eh :0,1,2,D0These
Ustet:dH83

Paop.caics poiseon_distibuten
Poisen_dutibulun has enly_pne paumeluR.
Mean
Ntan
poiksen_dulihalin. Cvasiai) i 'ax
3Vaianoipoúsen dituibälutn e whith lhe mean g
Yauanu au l4ual
Mmtnt qmualun unilun paisen diihibälum ia
eA[eI)
5thaazluiali 4undin opoLisen ohistihulen ule1)
6 Eúst thra momtnypoiuspD disubulen aR egual i

Applicálunn Aon didibuhen

u wed o Quali Lenhol statliulo Lounl the

umbt b_dink oan i n
n bidg4lo tounl hnumhee_o batluia3
In duleiminq he humbe o deaths n a distid: .
a gutn pesiod by lasu diueale
4Thhunmbubtir pLa_paq in lapeal malsial
5The humbu iplanu islectd uith a pailiauladuasu-
ANlumbero ids in pazuculas sprus in diluud plol

Noanadiiibakin»
Noamal oliilibulken wasat oliuovegdb
DL- moW in33 and wwas_also khouwh in ohas
Lalu it was desid ty kask £aidich haus ia
iko1ad ucd Jo h sludy askonomyAnyho
the ueliE noanal diunibikhhas keen giu to
haus and ain Lalld Lauseuen_diihibulen
Noual diiuihalin i le maaialy ued_pipbabihls
duibilen in he thiy o Mäi'slii,
1Sandera vaiabh r àsid la folloco a
natmal dishibiluen uth man_u and raiianu
 e

pobabelkls denuilyJunluain
xxur):La(z-pp,- -o exen, and
Th vauai r u said to be dalibild nomally
mean vauanu 1 is dunihd au Xulu:,6)- wth

fe r ii sald atandasdiged namal vasiali udunvlid

as nlo,)dlko probabiliu dunaily unlin , u
talled as standascdized noimal dislibulhen d anlol
tspeclve_nlht values oean L and vaaianus u
he duibilen tx 2 ualso calledMandadnetmal
duiah We Can bnla.

Tht aduanag1 o he ahovejuihen iuthal t dreunk_

Lemlainany anroelisThia enablu uslo cenyputi lhe
ata undis ht noimalptobabilils uLve

NDima_pLobabilh uwe
Tht uut upiutnuing tht nomal duluibale
iacalled lhe 2 hoAmal prohabilil_cuvt The euve
Aymm+bial aboal he_meanlm), hell- shaped autue
ant lhe Juso lail n aight usioluo the
mman ulunde lo thr infinilThe shapethe uuuei
shouwn in th Jallouninig-tgunu
 PiopLilieDoaaldilibilhé
L noimal distibülin tusue a bell shapeol & iymehi
Cal aboulthe nt L {L-
The modu a the meial uuv lies_at the poud p
aTh
Mean hmediab mook
The nolmal ulve cunimodal
5 Alodd asdes memmni bnoinnal olalaibuluen auC za0,
6Thun Aauomemeil iu mean u aso u
mpnianu anoamal
diisibuluen
lan laisical tläi al usk au_based en the
Akumlen thak lhu dala Jollouo a_noimaldiilibukon
This assumphin shoul be Latid blou applying thue
Tn mbdlng_aplizalhansuth as lineas g nen-lintag
lLgssen thiLue laem is in asiumed to follouo-
anomaldiutnibiluein_uuth foud localan 4Scale
Thhenal olistibulos is und"u indg 4igriirant
wd nmany hypathuu lslá and eziduau 'vsiuvale.