Legal Medicine

Paolo Javier
Midterm Exam

A. 1.

Examination for the presence of semen in the clothing of Michelle and his
boyfriend, in the vaginal smear, and stains in the body of Michelle or at the
alleged site of the crime shall support her claim for rape.

Defloration or hymenal laceration made by force may also be established

through a medical examination done on the victim in this case, Michelle.

2.

The following activities may cause hymenal lacerations among others:

a. Passage of clotted blood during menstruation

b. Ulceration due to other diseases
c. Jumping/running
d. Falling on hard/sharp objects
e. Medical instrumentation

3.

The following are unnatural sexual practices and the punishment for such
crimes:

a. Rape – carnal knowledge by a man with a woman made through force,

threat or intimidation; deprivation of reason or consciousness;
fraudulent machination or abuse of authority; and when the offended
party is under 12 years old, demented even if any of the above
mentioned circumstances is not present. It is punished by life
imprisonment being a heinous crime.
b. Qualified Seduction - a crime committed by a person in authority over
the victim who is virgin over 12 to 18 years of age. It is punishable
with prision correctional.
c. Simple Seduction – having carnal knowledge of a man to a woman
who is single or widow of good reputation over 12 and under 18
committed with deceit. It is punishable by arresto mayor.
d. Acts of lasciviousness – an act that does not amount to rape and may
be committed to either sex with use of force or intimidation and
deprivation of reason or consciousness. It is punishable by arresto
mayor if committed in the same way as simple seduction.
 e. Abduction – made to a woman against her will with lewd designs. It is
punishable by reclusion temporal.

B. 1.

The following medical findings may suggest that Donna is pregnant:

a. Probable signs of pregnancy occurs like a cessation of her

menstruation, having morning sickness, changes in her breast among
others.
b. Biological test may be done like estrone administration or qualitative
test for pregnanedoil among others.

2.

The following proof would suggest of previous pregnancy:

a. laxity of abdominal wall

b. abdominal striae
c. Lax perineum
d. Vestiges of hymen
e. Lax breast with enlarged areola
f. Previous cervical lacerations

3.

Such event may happen due to the effects of labor and medicine given to
the mother who have given birth.

C. 1.

The following medical finding may prove the paternity and filiation of John:
a. Parental likeness
b. Blood group similarity
c. Maternal evidence of:
a. Previous delivery
b. Physical potency and fertility
c. Access to husband
d. Paternal evidence of:
e. Physical potency and fertility
f. Access to wife
g. DNA testing

2.
 Impotency is the incapacity to allow sexual gratification while sterility
is the inability to procreate. Sterility may be proven through various medical
testing done on the patient.

3.

DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiles to determine whether an

individual is the biological parent of another individual. DNA testing is
currently the most advanced and accurate technology to determine
parentage. In a DNA paternity test, the result (called the 'probability of
parentage) is 0% when the alleged parent is not biologically related to the
child, and the probability of parentage is typically 99.99% when the alleged
parent is biologically related to the child. However, while almost all
individuals have a single and distinct set of genes, rare individuals, known as
"chimeras", have at least two different sets of genes, which can result in a
false negative result if their reproductive tissue has a different genetic
make-up from the tissue sampled for the test.

D. 1.

The most basic principle that would guide the judge as to the culpability
of peter is to determine the mental stability of the accused through
medicolegal.

This would help in the determination of the commission of the crimes and
the punishment rendered for the crimes committed.

2.

Series of test must be done to determine the mental stability of the accused
and the kind of mental disorder that is present. If such factor does not exist
then the probability of pretending to have a mental disorder is high.

3.

Since heroin is a form of opium then the following medical evidence may
help in the determination:

a. Symptoms of addiction
b. Opiates in urine
c. Opium paraphernalia
d. Withdrawal symptoms (Nalline test)

E. 1.
 The investigation must focus on a possibility of poisoning and how was
the poison be administered as to determine the motive of the death of the
victim.

2.

Among others, hydrocyanic acid causes frothing, thus, it is wise to check

for attending evidence that would show the possibility of probable
hydrocyanic poisoning.

The following evidence would show:

 early and longer rigor mortis, bright pink skin color, skin cyanosis,
hypostasis lighter, pale face, prominent eyes and dilated pupils,
frothing of mouth and nostrils
 characteristic odor of stomach, bright red and uncoagulated blood,
distended right side of the heart, congested and edematous lungs
wrinkled and reddish-brown color of GIT, congestion and edema of
brain

3.

The following are factors a person’s poisoning:

 Idiosyncrasy - peculiar allergy to certain food/drugs

 Age - influence toxicity of substances
 Habit - influences tolerance
 Dosage - effect usually proportionate to dose
 State of GIT and Kidneys - influences absorption and excretion