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KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO.1

Colaba, Mumbai- 400001

AZADI KA AMRuT MAHOTSAV

by Deepak Rexwal
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SAARE JAHAN SE ACHCHHA HINDUSTAN HAMARA...

INDEPEDNCE DAY
15th August 1947
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TIMELINE OF INDIAN HISTORY FROM 1857 TO 1947

The revolt of 1857:-

The Indian Mutiny, also known as the Sepoy
Mutiny, ignited the first spark of the revolution.
It began in Meerut and later spread to Delhi,
Agra, Kanpur, and Lucknow. It was quite
widespread.
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CHAMPARAN SATYAGRAHA OF 1917:

1917 -

It was the first satyagraha inspired

by Mahatma Gandhi. The farmers in
the Champaran district of Bihar
were being forced to grow indigo.
Besides, they were barely paid
anything for their produce. This led
to a farmer’s uprising
THE NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT OF 1920: PAGE 5

It was led by Mahatma Gandhi post the

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. The
movement lasted 2 years from 1920 to
1922. It embodied the idea of ‘non-
violence’ or “Ahimsa”. Where
protestors refused to buy British goods
and adopted local goods. Indeed, it was
the most significant phase of the Indian
Independence Movement.
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THE DANDI MARCH OF 1930:

1930 -

It is the most iconic act of non-

violent civil disobedience.
Gandhiji, along with a huge
crowd walked from Sabarmati
Ashram to Dandi beach as a
means of non-violent protest
against the repressive salt tax
imposed by the British
government.
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Quit India Movement of 1942:

The Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee got

this movement rolling on 8th August 1942, during World War II.
The mission was as clear as water – an end to the British Rule of
India. In addition, Gandhiji made a call to Do or Die in his Quit
India speech that he delivered in Bombay.
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Indian Independence League 1947:

The Indian Independence League extended to

people living outside India. It sought their
approval of revoking the British colonial rule
over India. The league was located in various
parts of Southeast Asia.
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INDIAN INDEPENDENCE ACT OF 1947:

1947 -
The Indian Independence Act was an act of the
Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act partitioned
British India into two new independent dominions of India
and Pakistan. It received the assent of the royal family on
18th July 1947. In effect, India came into existence on
August 15th and Pakistan on 14th August in the year
1947.
The timeline of Indian history from 1857 to 1947 traces
the continuous and rigorous efforts our freedom fighters
took to free the nation. And so, with it, 200 long years of
slavery, oppression, and colonization came to an end!
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Freedom Fighters and their Contribution:-
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14 Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is widely recognized as one of the

twentieth century’s greatest political and spiritual leaders. Honored in
India as the father of the nation, he pioneered and practiced the principle
of Satyagraha—resistance to tyranny through mass nonviolent civil
disobedience.
While leading nationwide campaigns to ease poverty, expand women’s
rights, build religious and ethnic harmony and eliminate the injustices of
the caste system, Gandhi supremely applied the principles of nonviolent
civil disobedience, playing a key role in freeing India from foreign
domination. He was often imprisoned for his actions, sometimes for
years, but he accomplished his aim in 1947, when India gained its
independence from Britain.
Due to his stature, he is now referred to as Mahatma, meaning “great
soul.” World civil rights leaders—from Martin Luther King, Jr. to Nelson
Mandela—have credited Gandhi as a source of inspiration in their
struggles to achieve equal rights for their people.
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RANI LAKSHMIBAI
A name etched in history for her bravery forever. She was the
queen of Maratha ruled state of Jhansi. She was the first
prominent women freedom fighter, who participated in the first
freedom rebellion of 1857. British wanted to take over the
princely state of Jhansi under the cover of “Doctrine of Lapse”.
Sir Hugh Rose came to capture the city of Jhansi in March 1858
but, the brave Lakshmibai announced to fight for freedom
instead to surrender. Though she was defeated here and decided
to leave and fight from camp at Kalpi. After Kalpi they decided
to fight from Gwalior Fort. Here Lakshmibai with Damodar Rao,
her son on her back and i cavalry attire died after fighting
bravely. Even Hugh Rose praised her bravery and commented
that she is the most dangerous of all Indian leaders, which is a
commendable tag.
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KASTURBA GANDHI
Being the better-half of Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi, Kasturba Gandhi played
a role as a political activist who was fighting
for civil rights as well as Indian independence.
She accompanied her husband to all
demonstrations and movements and even
took his place in his absence. She played the
role of teaching Indians basic lesson of health,
hygiene, discipline, reading, and writing due
to lack of proper education to all. She played
an important role at the backstage of the
freedom struggle.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
Nehru along with Bose helped bring forth the “Complete
independence declaration” or “Purna Swaraj declaration”
of the Congress on 19th December 1929 in Lahore. They
had rejected the earlier demand of the Congress for just
dominion status within the British Empire. Had they not
shown their opposition to the dominion status idea and
had they not united the Congress for an idea of total
independence - the Congress would have continued to
demand just dominion status for years to come. Bhagat
Singh had tried the same in 1927 and failed owing to
Gandhi’s opposition.

He spent almost 10 years of his adult life in Jail owing to

his struggle for Indian independence (when he could have
just apologized to the British and gotten away with it as
many Hindu fanatics of the time did).