STROMBERG Architectural Glossary

s t r o m b e r g Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC)
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Glossary of
Architectural Terms
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Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)
Abacus - Acanthus Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 1
Abacus Abrasive Hardness

The abacus is the top part of a column capital. Abacus A measure of the wearing qualities of marble, granite,
may be a square slab or a molded shape. In GFRC (glass GFRC, architectural fiberglass or other materials. Mostly
fiber reinforced concrete) or Architectural Fiberglass applies when those materials are used for floors, stair
column capitals, the abacus may be cast as part of the treads, and other areas subjected to abrasion by foot
capital or as a separate piece. Latin: “abacus” = table, traffic. Refer to ASTM C241.
tablet.
Found in classical Greek and Roman architecture Abut
and derivatives, including Beaux Arts Classicism, To touch, or join at its end; as in a beam where the end
Classical Revival, Federal, Georgian Revival, Greek is planted against another member of a structure, but
Revival, Neoclassicism, Renaissance Revival, Second without trim around it; or where a GFRC arch bears
Empire, Gothic and Gothic Revival. Abacus may be upon a pier, course of stone, skew back, or the like.
cast stone, FRP (Architectural Fiberglass,) GFRC (glass
fiber reinforced concrete,) GRG (glass fiber reinforced Acanthus
gypsum,) plaster, bronze, granite or marble. A can thus. Acanthus leaves are the stylized leaves of the
acanthus plant, used in decoration on column capitals
of the Corinthian and Composite orders. Because of the
deep undercuts, special rubber molds are used when
casting them in GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete,)
architectural fiberglass, GFRG or Cast Stone.
Abacus of a Roman Ionic Column Capital cast in GFRC
Abated
In stone cutting, hammered metal work, and the like,
cut away or beaten down, lowered in any way, as the
background of a piece of ornament or a bas relief
panel, so as to show a pattern or figure in relief. Abated
work may be cast stone, FRP (architectural fiberglass,)
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete,) GRG (glass fiber
reinforced gypsum,) plaster, bronze, granite or marble.
Abrasive Finish
A flat and grainy surface texture. In cast stone, GFRC
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) or architectural precast
concrete this is accomplished by acid washing or sand
blasting. In GFRP (architectural fiberglass) or GFRG
(glass fiber reinforced gypsum,) plaster or bronze, this is
accomplished either in the mold, or with sandblasting.
With granite or marble this is accomplished with
sandblasting.
Drawing of an Acanthus Leaf
Stromberg Architectural Products

www.4stromberg.com 903.454.0904 info@4stromberg.com
Accouplement - Acoustics Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 2
Corinthian column capital in architectural fiberglass (GFRP)

featuring stylized Acanthus leaves.
Accolade in architectural
fiberglass (GFRP)
Acorn
Accouplement An ornament in the shape of an acorn sometimes used
The placing of two columns or pilasters very close as a pendant or decorative element. In GFRC (glass fiber
together. This pairing is common and is most effective reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
when several pairs of columns are used in series to form acorn finials are generally cast with a dowel or threaded
a colonnade. insert for attaching them to the substrate.
Acoustics
Acoustics is the science concerned with the production,
control, transmission, reception, and the effects of
sound. The term refers to the natural laws governing
sound and the design of structures to utilize sound
in the best way. These laws are similar in many ways
to those for the reflection and refraction of light.
Architectural acoustics with interior GFRC or GFRG
Italian Ionic GFRC columns panels is primarily applicable to the design of opera
used in accouplement houses, concert halls, churches and other religious
Accolade meeting spaces, convention centers, hotels and similar
An ornamental treatment of the archivolt or hood facilities. GFRC and GRG panels can be curved and
molding of an arch or of the moldings of an apparent shaped to reflect sound in the desired direction. Both
arch, or of a form resembling an arch, as in late Gothic GFRC and GRG can be textured in various degrees to
work. reflect, diffuse and absorb sound as may be required.
The weight per square foot of GFRC and GFRG can
be varied depending on the desires of the acoustical
consultant. For a good example of acoustic panels see
the Ave Maria page.
External links for more information:

Acoustical Society of America
http://asa.aip.org/
American Institute of Architects
http://www.aia.org/
Accolade in architectural fiberglass (GFRP)
(continued on next page)

Acroterion - Aggregate Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 3
National Council of Acoustical Consultants

http://www.ncac.com/
Acroterion or Acroterium
From the Greek word “acroterion” - the summit or
extremity. An ornamented pedestal at the corner or
peak of a roof. Acroterion may be a palmate, a statue
or a pedestal. GFRC, glass fiber reinforced concrete,
may be used for new acroterion, or GFRC, glass fiber
reinforced concrete, may be used as replacement for
stone or terra-cotta acroterion. Attachment in GFRC or
GFRP (architectural fiberglass) is through metal straps
that attach to the roof.
Adam Style Fireplace Mantel in GFRC
Aggregate
A granular, inert material, such as sand, crushed
limestone, marble, etc. which is mixed with Portland
cement, glass fibers, and polymers to create GFRC, glass
fiber reinforced concrete. The type of aggregate used
helps determine the color, texture and durability of the
GFRC. In architectural fiberglass (GFRP) aggregate may
be used for a stone like surface gel coat.
Acroterion by Stromberg
Adam Style
A style which developed in the late 18th century,
from the work of Robert Adam and his brothers. Adam
was born in Scotland and educated at the University
of Edinburgh. Robert Adam was the architect to the
king, until 1768, when he was succeeded by his
brother James. The Adam style strongly influenced the
American colonies and is the basis of the Federal style.
The Adam style is noted for its elegance and lightness,
subtle detailing and unified schemes of interior design,
including fan ornaments, festoons, wreaths, urns,
ribbons, and classical elements. Both GFRC (glass fiber
reinforced concrete) and GFRP (glass fiber reinforced
plastic or architectural fiberglass) is uniquely suited to
Close up of acid etched GFRC showing the grains of fine aggregate
the replication of Adam style ornamentation. Adam in the cement matrix.
style GFRC, columns, capitals, fireplace mantles,
balustrade, ceilings, garden urns and planters, etc.

American Institute of Architects - Anchor Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 4
American Institute of Architects (AIA) Anchors for GFRC can be designed to anchor the
An organization founded in 1857 for the purpose of individual element or to attach the GFRC to a light
promoting the professionalism and accountability of its gauge metal frame which is in turn anchored to the
members, and a devotion to design excellence. AIA, wall.
1735 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006.
American Institute of Architects http://www.aia.org/
American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA)

Founded in 1899, is the professional organization
of landscape architects in America. ASLA 4401
Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008
American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)

Establishes test standards for materials and products
in the United States, including those used in building
construction. ASTM 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia PA
19103
Anchor Screw anchor attachment of GFRC cornice

A fastener used to secure GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) or GFRP (architectural fiberglass) to a
structure. Anchor types for GFRC include dowels,
weld plates, straps, dovetails, threaded inserts, screws
and Z clips. When metal frames are used with GFRC,
glass fiber reinforced concrete, flex anchors are bent
metal rods, used to connect the GFRC face, to a metal
frame. The flex anchors, which are typically stainless
steel or galvanized steel, allow for variations in thermal
expansion and contraction, between the GFRC and the
steel frame. The anchor must carry gravity loads, wind
loads, seismic loads, etc and transfer them from the
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) to the structure.
Cast in anchor straps for GFRC
panels
GFRC anchors • Some types of GFRC and cast stone anchors are
illustrated below:
Stone type anchors for

Flex anchors on metal stud frame for GFRC panels and cornice
GFRC veneer

Ancon - Angular Pediment Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 5
View of a GFRC cornice showing the use of galvanized metal Angle Capital
stud framing and stainless steel flex anchors. With Ionic capitals, a special angle capital is sometimes
used for the column on the outside corners. The four
volutes project equally on a diagonal toward the corner.
With GFRC, glass fiber reinforced concrete, angle
capitals are not always available in standard molds,
and if desired must be special ordered.
Angular Pediment
Also known as a triangular pediment. The pediment
having slanting sides and a horizontal cornice. In GFRC
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) large angular pediments
are cast in segments. Small angular pediments may be
made as one-piece GFRC units.
Anchors for architectural fiberglass are similar to GFRC

anchors. Anchors for architectural fiberglass include
cast in straps, screws, threaded inserts, light gauge metal
frames and tube steel frames, stainless steel dowels,
wedge anchors and bolts.
Angular Pediment in
Ancon GFRC by Stromberg
From the Greek: “ancone” - elbow or hollow. A Examples of Angular
decorative or scroll bracket that supports a cornice or
entablature over a mantle, door
or window. Both architectural
fiberglass (GFRP) and GFRC, glass
fiber reinforced concrete, ancons,
are lighter and easier to install than
traditional carved stone or terra-
cotta.
Ancon (a console or scroll shaped Pediments at Caesars, Las Vegas

bracket Angular Pediment in GFRC by Stromberg

Antebellum - Apse Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 6
Antefix
A decorated upright ornament at the eaves or at the
peak of a triangular gable.
Anthemion
A commonly used Greek
decoration shaped like a palm
leaf. They are used singly or as a
running ornament. Also referred
to as honeysuckle ornament.
Found on moldings, cornices,
pediments and bands. Also found
Antebellum
on the necking of some Ionic
Antebellum architecture refers to structures that existed
capitals.
before the United States Civil War. GFRC (glass fiber
reinforced concrete) and Architectural Fiberglass by
Stromberg have been used in the restoration of several
antebellum structures.
Anthemion design on a raking

cornice.
Appliqué
An ornamented work applied to a structure. GFRC (glass
fiber reinforced concrete) and Architectural Fiberglass
(GFRP) appliqués may be attached by dowels and
epoxy or by specialty clip hangers.
Apse
A nearly semicircular
part of a building,
Example of Antebellum style of column and
the interior forming a
entablature, cast in GFRC for Antebellum
architecture. large niche.
Antebellum style
columns and trim
for the University of
Virginia. Apse in GFRG

Aquarium - Arch Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 7
Aquarium
A tank or vessel for filled with water for keeping live
fish or other water dwelling creatures.
Stromberg
architectural
fiberglass and Arbor / Pergola at Atlantis Bahamas Custom columns. Beams are
GFRS aquarium cast in wood timber texture in architectural fiberglass. This arbor
backs at Atlantis / pergola has stood up to the tropical sun and 2 hurricanes.
Arbor Areostyle
An open structure of supports and beams, usually Term in classical column architecture for having
supporting vines or flowers. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced columns separated by a clear space of four or more
concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) arbors column diameters. See Intercolumniation.
offer the advantage of being relatively light, weather
resistant, and durable. The word arbor comes from the Arcade
French herbere, which originally meant a place to grow Two or more arches,
herbs. An arbor defines a space and has an open-work usually a entire series
roof for shade or capable of being used for supporting of arches, with their
plants. Arbors are of three main varieties: The true columns, imposts, piers,
arbor, the pergola (a colonnade with a flat roof) and the pilasters or the like taken
gallery (a tunnel like arbor with an arched roof). together and considered
a single architectural
feature.
Historic Example of
Intersecting Arcade
Arch
The shape that spans an opening, usually curved. If it
is made wedge-shaped blocks, these blocks are called
voussiors. There are all types of arches, from those
with little or no curve to pointed arches. GFRC (glass
fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) may be used in arch cladding, wrapping a
structural member, to provide the appearance of the
arch. Occasionally, the GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) actually functions as an arch to support the
Tuscan columned Arbor / Pergola GFRC above it.

Arched Dormer - Architectural Terra-Cotta Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 8
Architectural Terra-cotta
A glazed burnt Clay architectural unit. Terra-cotta was
used as a facing on buildings in America mostly from
around 1860 until the 1930s. In historic restorations,
because of difficulties in replacing terra-cotta, color
matching and durability issues, GFRC (glass fiber
and first concrete) is often used as the terra-cotta
replacement. Stromberg produces a special glazed
GFRC which closely resembles glazed terra-cotta.
Custom color matching is available, and new GFRC can
be created with molds taken from existing terra-cotta,
or from historic drawings and photographs if the terra-
Arch at the Mansion residences, Dallas. cotta no longer exists. When properly preformed, GFRC
or FRP replacements of terra-cotta should be virtually
Types of Arches
indistinguishable from the original material. GFRC
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) offers great benefits in
replacing glazed architectural terra-cotta.
Benefits of GFRC:
Anchoring provisions are included in the GFRC
casting.
Color compatible.
Non combustible material, GFRC will not burn.
Cast arches by Stromberg in
Light weight.
architectural fiberglass (GFRP)
Durable and long lasting
Suitable for seismic zones.
Fast production times.
Arch cast in Stromberg

architectural fiberglass
Arched Dormer Top: Architectural terra-cotta

A dormer with an arched roof. Often found in the railing replaced with GFRC.
Beaux Arts Style, French Style or Second Empire Style,
etc GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
(architectural fiberglass) dormers may be one-piece
units, or the dormer face only.
Architectural Style
A way of classifying buildings that share common Right: New Corinthian
attributes. Architectural styles are often related to a column capital as a terra-
particular period of time, country of origin or region. cotta replacement.

Architrave - Art Deco Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 9
Architrave Art Deco

An ornamental molding or band above or around a A decorative style characterized by angular, ribbon,
door or window opening. In the classical orders, the zigzag or other geometric ornamentation in low relief
architrave was the lowest member of the entablature or on buildings facades. Became popular in American
beam that spans from column to column. GFRC (glass architecture in the 1930’s. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) Art Deco
fiberglass) architraves are typically U shaped beam elements include moldings, columns, domes, fireplaces,
wraps. windows surrounds, entryways, medallions, finials,
GFRC Architrave ceilings and others. Art Deco is sometimes referred to
as “Style Moderne”.
Archivolt
The inner most part of
the arch.
Arch Stone
A wedge-shaped GFRC, Architectural Fiberglass, or
masonry unit in an arch. Sometimes called a voussoir.
Column element in the art
deco style (Hollywood Casino)
Arch stone or voussoir in
GFRC
Art deco medallion / ceiling

in architectural fiberglass by
Stromberg.
Carved voussoirs or arch stones. Cast by Stromberg in a custom

color and texture architectural fiberglass.
Arris
The external angle
Art Deco slab edge
intersection between molding
two flat or curved faces,
as between two flutes
of a column, or the flat
raised area between the
columns concave flutes.
Arris on an architectural
fiberglass (GFRP) Corinthian Bas relief architectural
column fiberglass panels

Art Nouveau - Astragal Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 10
Art Nouveau
A style of architectural and applied art characterized
by organic forms, curving designs and dynamic shapes.
Similar in many ways to the foliage motifs used by the
American architect Louis Sullivan. GFRC (glass fiber
reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Art Nouveau elements include statuary, moldings,
medallions, fireplace surrounds and fireplace mantels,
planters, bas relief, door and window surrounds, panels,
domes and ceilings.
Ashlar
Is the term for rectilinear, squared-off blocks of stone
used in building. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete)
and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) are produced Ashlar panels, Stromberg GFRS (glass fiber reinforced stone) a
in various aslar types. The GFRC and Architectural type of architectural fiberglass, Atlantis, Bahamas.
Fiberglass ashlar may be individual blocks, but is often
large panels with scored “false joints” and interlocking
joints.
Panels in ashlar pattern
Astragal
A half round shape, with the fillet on one or both sides.
An example is the neck molding at the top of a column
shaft directly below the capital.
Types of Ashlar include:
Ashlar rock-faced: A block whose face has been

roughly hacked.
Ashlar masonry: Smooth rectangular stones laid in
horizontal courses.
Coursed ashlar: Ashlar masonry built of stones
having the same height within each course, but
each course varying in height from the others.
Random ashlar: Ashlar masonry where the stones Astragal on a
GFRC column
appear to be laid without a specific pattern, although capital
the pattern may be repeated.
Atlantes - Balcony Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 11
Atlantes Back hearth

A human figure, that Is the part of the hearth within the fireplace. For
acts as a pier, column wood-burning fireplaces, GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
or pilaster supporting concrete) fireplace hearths typically end with the front
an entablature. Found hearth, and the back hearth is made from firebrick.
in Greek architecture.
Female figures are Balconet
Caryatid, male figures Is a false balcony, in front of a window. GFRC (glass fiber
are Atlantes. reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Balconets may include support brackets and balustrade.
Balconets are typically cast with either threaded rod or
a Z clip type fastener and are bolted on or clipped to
the structure.
Door surround / entry with a
false balcony or balconet.
Balcony
A platform projecting out
from a building, enclosed
with a railing or balustrade.
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) and GFRP
Atlas or Atlante in GFRC (architectural fiberglass)
(glass fiber reinforced
Balcony components
concrete) for use as a pier,
column, fireplace mantel include brackets, balustrade,
support or pilaster. face molding and soffit.
Columns and pilasters may
Atlas be incorporated into the
The singular form of Atlantes. balcony design. Because
it’s lightweight, GFRC and Architectural Fiberglass can
give the look and feel of stone, without it adding an
Attic Base excessive amount of weight to the balcony.
A column base with two rings
(An upper and lower torus). Attic
bases are most often used with
Corinthian columns, composite
columns and Ionic columns.
Tuscan columns have a single ring at the column base
and Doric columns (if they have a base) use a single
ring or torus.
Axed work
A “stone type” surface which shows tool marks from a
bush hammer, ax or pick. In GFRC (glass fiber reinforced Balcony
concrete) axed work is produced by casting against a with GFRC
balustrade,
custom made mold. May be used on panels, quoins
brackets or
and other Architectural Fiberglass elements where a corbels, and
more rustic texture is desired. balcony trim.

Balcony Railing Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 12
Balcony with
curved front
and balustrade
balcony railings.
Architectural
fiberglass by
Stromberg.
Balcony Railing
The railing around a balcony. In GFRC and Architectural
Fiberglass, it may be a balustrade or a solid railing. It
Balcony at Shalimar (private residence) California
is important that the building codes be followed in any
balcony railing installation. In most areas, these require
a 42” height to the top of the railing and a railing
that a 4” ball cannot pass through. With Architectural
Fiberglass and GFRC balustrade, there are various
ways of meeting these requirements. The balusters are
typically attached to the structure with threaded rods.
For drainage, baluster rails may be elevated above the
balcony to allow water to flow under the balustrade, or
scuppers can be incorporated into the base rail of the
balustrade. Alternately, balusters may be used with no
base rail and the water is allowed to drain off between
the GFRC or Architectural Fiberglass balusters.
Balcony with cast arch and balustrade
Corinthian columns
and balustrade Balcony railing for a hotel and resort. This balustrade railing was
(style G29) cast in delivered and installed in full sections. The ends have clips for
a white limestone attachment to the structure. This balustrade / railing meets all
color and texture. the code requirements for height, spacing and strength. Water
Balusters are hollow drainage for the balustrade is accomplished with the raised bottom
and are attached to rail. Material is Stromberg architectural fiberglass.
the structure with
threaded rods.

Ball Flower - Balustrade Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 13
designed the first simple

vase shaped baluster and
used balustrade on several
of his works. Balusters and
balustrade can be found
in almost all architectural
styles.
Balcony Railing in a Gothic tracery rather than a balustrade
Ball Flower
Balustrade with rough
A round ornament found in Gothic architecture travertine texture • Cast
resembling a flower. in architectural
fiberglass
Baluster Balustrade
One of the short, vertical The complete railing system consisting of the Baluster,
support members of a top rail and sometimes bottom rail. Balustrade is
balustrade. Balusters typically used at the edge of a patio, porch, balcony
of GFRC (glass fiber or roof. Several styles of balustrade are available in
reinforced concrete) GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) as well as GFRP
and GFRP (architectural (architectural fiberglass).
fiberglass) offer a
relatively light, durable
balustrade. In areas
where the balustrade
protects from a fall
off, such as on the
balcony, code requires
minimum spacing of
the balusters. The word
baluster (sometimes
called banister or
bannister) is derived
from the Italian
balaustra which means
“pomegranate flower” from its resemblance to the
flowers vase like shape. (The French balustre, in Italian
balaustro, Latin balaustium, and Greek balaustion.)
The baluster dates back to ancient Assyria where it was
used in windows. Balusters and balustrade was used
in several renaissance palaces and balconies in Venice
and Verona. Architect Giuliano da Sangallo used the
baluster on the terrace at the villa at Poggio a Caiano
around 1480. Donato Bramante used balustrade on his
famous building the Tempietto in 1502, which set the
style of high renaissance architecture. Famed sculptor, Balustrade at private
painter and architect Michelangelo is reported to have residence

Band or Band Molding Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 14
Band or band molding. The horizontal molding,

projecting from the surface that wraps around a
building. Also known as a belt course or watertable.
Balustrade as bridge railing
Cast stone
Balustrade as parapet wall • Architectural Fiberglass (GFRP)
Balustrade at fountain • Style G29 baluster and style W10

baluster railing • Cast stone
Band molding M80

Banded - Base Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 15
Some of the standard belt courses and band moldings. Custom Barrel Roof
shapes and sizes are available in both GFRC and Architectural An arched, semi-cylindrical roof. Barrel roof in GFRC
Fiberglass. (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) are generally made in segments, withstanding
Banded standing seam joints and raised ribs.
Masonry style were adjacent courses are of two different
sizes, textures or types. For example, a brown, smooth
Architectural Fiberglass, alternating with a white
limestone Architectural Fiberglass.
Banded Column
A column where the column shaft has drums that
alternate in texture or size.
Baroque Barrel Vault

The style of architecture and decoration first developed A semi-cylindrical, arched ceiling element. GFRP
in 17th-century Italy. Characterized by the conspicuous (architectural fiberglass) barrel vaults may be smooth
use of decoration, sculpture and decorative elements. or coffered.
Elements from the later phases of the Baroque, called
for Rococo are characterized by profuse ornamentation. Base
Elements of the Baroque are found in the late 19th The lower part of a column, pier, pedestal or pilaster.
century work of American architects McKim, Mead and Column bases may be either Attic column bases or
White. Tuscan.

Bas Relief - Beax Arts Architecture Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 16
Attic column base features Base for a Tuscan column

double rings found on the
Corinthian order.
Bas-Relief
A sculpted or carved work that extends slightly from the
plane of its background. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced Stromberg architectural fiberglass battlements, castle at Winstar
concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) bas-
reliefs, include plaques, monuments and medallions. Battered
What is believed to be the largest GFRC bas-relief A term used to describe a surface that is inclined or
sculpture in the world, was created by Stromberg in tilted, wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, for
2006. For the reproduction of bas-relief in glass fiber example a battered wall.
reinforced concrete, a model is produced in clay, wood
or plaster. A mold is then made using silicone rubber Bead
and a hard shell of fiberglass. Once the mold is removed A convex molding of semicircular section.
from the model, the GFRC is cast. Depending on the
size of the glass fiber reinforced concrete bas relief, a
metal armature on the interior, generally galvanized or Beam
stainless steel, may be cast in. The casting is then sand The term for a horizontal member, when used in
blasted or acid washed to remove the cement film from Architectural Fiberglass or GFRP typically refers to
the surface of the glass fiber reinforced concrete and to a beam cover. Architectural Fiberglass beams may
obtain the desired finish. replicate stone or wood.
Battlement
Originally a fortification, a parapet or wall with higher
and lower parts. The higher part is the Merlon, the lower
the Crenelle or Crenel. The Raised part or Merlon was
often pierced by a hole to allow for firing an arrow. The
design was adopted for decoration and can be found
on many older garden walls and eventually became a
decorative element.
Architectural fiberglass “wood beam” by Stromberg
Beaux Arts Architecture

Architecture taught at and associated with, the
Battlement in Ecole des Beaux Arts. Characterized by formalism
Garden wall, Venice in design, heavily rusticated arches, mansard roofs,
Beaux Arts Architecture - Bracket Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 17
Beaux Arts Architecture - continued Bell Tower

Symmetrical plans, sculpted figures, banded columns, Tower like structure for supporting one or more bells.
arched dormers, cartouches, cantons, floral patterns, Can contain real bells or play recorded music.
ornamented keystones, quoins, engaged columns,
paired columns, roof line balustrades and garlands. Belt Course
American architects who graduated from the Ecole, Horizontal band around the facade of the building, also
include Richard Morris Hunt, designer of the Breakers, called a band course or string course.
William Ware, Charles McKim, Louis Sullivan and
Julia Morgan. Facades are typically symmetrical, often Belvedere
with a projecting central pavilion. GFRC (glass fiber An elevated or rooftop gazebo or pavilion from which
reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) to enjoy a view.
architectural elements are available in the Beaux Arts
style including dentils, classical columns, enriched
entablatures, pilasters, balconies, cornices, sculpted
spandrels, sculpted figures, ornamental keystones, egg
and dart moldings, leaf decorations, swags, wreaths,
domes, fireplace surrounds and mantles, quoins,
cartouches, dormers, fountains, domes, etc. Belvedere pergola
GFRC and architectural
Bed Molding fiberglass
A molding or moldings on the cornice of an entablature, Bevel
below the corona. Also known as a chamfer, bevels are sometimes
incorporated in the edges of architectural GFRC (glass
Belfry fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
The part of a tower or fiberglass) to minimize chipping of sharp 90° corners.
steeple where bells are
hung. Also called a Bollard
bell tower. A short freestanding column designed to limit vehicle
traffic or act as security.
The Bell Tower of “Big

Ben” in architectural
fiberglass by Stromberg
with 120’ tall with working GFRC Bollards at the US Capital
clocks. Bracket
A support that carries
Bell Roof or appears to carry the
A roof or dome shaped in section similar to a bell. weight of the cornice,
In GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP eave or balcony. In
(architectural fiberglass) typically cast in pie shape GFRC (glass fiber
sections, and assembled on-site. reinforced concrete)

Bracket - Building Restoration Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 18
Bracket - continued Broach

and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) brackets are A spire, octagonal in shape, above a square tower.
typically decorative covers, and do not actually carry
any weight. Broken Pediment
A pediment whose horizontal cornice is continuous,
Bracketed Cornice but whose angled cornice above ends before reaching
Any cornice, supported by brackets. In GFRC (glass the highest point of the pediment. The resulting
fiber enforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural opening is often field with an urn or finial. Often found
fiberglass) brackets in Georgian style, Queen Anne Style, Colonial Revival,
may be molded and Neoclassical Style buildings.
into the cornice, or
applied as separate Brownstone
pieces. A reddish or brown sandstone used extensively for
buildings in the eastern United States from the early
19th century through the 1920’s. Stromberg GFRC
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) using pigments and select aggregates can
Bracketed trim in
replicate the color and texture of Brownstone.
Bracketed trim in architectural fiberglass
Building Restoration
Bracketed hood - A projecting element above a door or window that provides
Bracketed Hood
shelter from the rain, and is supported by brackets.
The re-creating of the form and details of a building,

Brick panels - GFRP (architectural fiberglass) cast in panels with a brick
A projecting element above a door or window that

texture and pattern, and used instead of brick. Architectural Fiberglass brick
panels are lighter, thinner, and faster to install than traditional brick masonry.
as it appeared at a particular time. GFRC (glass
provides shelter from the rain, and is supported by
fiber reinforced concrete) is an accepted material of
brackets.
replacement for terra-cotta, carved stone, cut stone,
brownstone and some cast iron elements.
Brick Panels
GFRP (architectural fiberglass) cast in panels with a BEFORE
brick texture and pattern, and used instead of brick. RESTORATION
Architectural Fiberglass brick panels are lighter, thinner,
and faster to install than traditional brick masonry.
BEFORE RESTORATION
BEFORE RESTORATION
AFTER RESTORATION
Architectural fiberglass brick panels, Hershey’s Times Square, New York

Architectural fiberglass brick panels, Hershey’s Times Square, Building Stone - Stone used in building construction such as limestone,
Broach - A spire, octagonal in shape, above a square tower.
New York marble, granite or sandstone. Building Stone may be used as a facing on GFRP
AFTER RESTORATION
(architectural fiberglass) panels, or GFRC (glass fiber enforced concrete) can be
Broken pediment - A pediment whose horizontal cornice is continuous, butbuilding
cast with
AFTER RESTO aggregates N
Stone RATIO to replicate the look and appearance of cut
stone.
whose angled cornice above ends before reaching the highest point of the
Stromberg
pediment. The resulting opening is often field with Architectural
an urn or finial. Products
Often found
in Georgian style, Queen Anne Style, Colonial Revival, and Neoclassical Style building construction such as li
www.4stromberg.com
buildings. Building Stone - Stone used ininfo@4stromberg.com
903.454.0904
as a fa
Capital - The uppermost element of a column or pla
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) and Glass Fiberconcrete)
reinforced Reinforcedand
Polymer
GFRP(GFRP)
(architectural fibergla
Building Stone - Ceiling Dome Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 19
available as Corinthian, Ionic, Doric, Tuscan, Scamm
Building Stone of the winds as well as custom shapes.
Cartouche
Stone used in building construction such as limestone, An ornamented
Cartouche - Antablet or shield
ornamented oftenor framed
tablet by f
shield often
marble, granite or sandstone. Building Stone may be elaborate carving.
used as a facing on GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
panels, or GFRC (glass fiber enforced concrete) can
be cast with building Stone aggregates to replicate the
look and appearance of cut stone.
Bull’s-eye Window
A round window, surrounded by decorative molding
often found in gables or pediments. Also called an
oculus, oeil de boeuf, or ox eye window.
Cartouche in GFRC (also available in architectural fiberglass, cast
Cartouche in GFRC (also available in architectural fib
Camber Window stone, GFRG, GFRS)
GFRS)
Window that has a slight arch at the top.
Cast Iron Architecture
Campanario Ornamental cast iron that replicated stone columns
Spanish word for bell tower. and beams that was popular in many American cities
especially New York, St. Louis, and New Orleans. The
Canale cast iron architecture was characterized by the use
In Spanish Colonial of repetitive modules. Many cast iron facades were
architecture, a waterspout created in the Italianate Style and Second Empire
used to direct rainwater style. No longer readily available in cast iron, missing
through the face of the components of the structures are effectively replaced
parapet and away from the with GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
walls. In modern times, (architectural fiberglass). Molds for the GFRC (glass fiber
canale made from GFRP reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Cast iron architecture - Ornamental cast iron that replicated stone colum
(architectural fiberglass,) may be taken from existing elements, or re-created from
and beams that was popular in many American cities especially New York, St.
may be functional or historic
Louis, anddrawings orThe
New Orleans. photographs.
cast iron architecture was characterized by the u
merely decorative. of repetitive modules. Many cast iron façades were created in the Italianate S
and Second Empire style. No longer readily available in cast iron, missing
components of the structures are effectively replaced with GFRC (glass fiber
Cavetto
reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass). Molds for the GFRC
A round
(glass fiberconcave moldingand
reinforced concrete) orGFRP
cornice continuing
(architectural at least
fiberglass) may be
ataken from existing
quarter circle.elements, or re-created from historic drawings or
photographs.
Decorative stylized canale in Cavetto - A round concave molding or cornice continuing at least a quarter
architectural fiberglass (GFRP,) circle.
Ceiling Dome
Florida Ceiling Dome-
A dome usedAfor dome used
the for the interior
interior ceiling.ceiling.
May May
bebepart
part of
ofa double
a
dome system with interior and exterior domes.
ive stylized canale in architectural fiberglass (GFRP), Florida double dome system with interior and exterior domes.
Canton
An outside corner of a building, decorated with
n - Ana outside corner ofmasonry
projecting a building, decorated
course, with a projecting
pilasters or masonry
similar
pilasters or similar elements.
elements.
l - The uppermost element of a column or plaster. GFRC (glass fiber
ed concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) column capitals are
Capital Ionic, Doric, Tuscan, Scammozi, Composite and temple
e as Corinthian,
inds The uppermost
as well element of a column or plaster. GFRC
as custom shapes.
che (glass fiber reinforced
- An ornamented tablet orconcrete)
shield oftenand GFRP
framed (architectural
by elaborate carving.
fiberglass) column capitals are available as Corinthian,
Ionic, Doric, Tuscan, Scammozi, Composite and temple
of the winds as well as custom shapes. Ornamented ceiling dome being installed (GFRG)

Ornamented ceiling dome being installed. GFRG
www.4stromberg.com Ceiling medallion - An ornament forinfo@4stromberg.com
903.454.0904 the ceiling, generally round, oval or
hexagonal shape.
Cement - Made from heated limestone and shale, Portland cement whe
Ceiling Medallion - Chimney Pot Glossary of Architectural
combined Terms Page
with aggregate, glass fibers and polymers is cast to 20 GFR
create
fiber reinforced concrete).
Ceiling Medallion Chimney
Château style - Also known as Chateauesque style. A style of architectu
An ornament for the ceiling, generally round, oval or The
on thevertical
monumentalstructure
French that contains
château’s one
of the 16 or more
th century. flues
Château style w
hexagonal shape. and carries of smoke and combustion products from a fib
introduced in America by Richard Morris Hunt. GFRP (architectural
and GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) architectural elements that ar
fireplace. Chimneys can be important design elements,
available in the Château style include limestone façade, pilasters, pinnacl
and thefinials,
dormers, use gables,
GFRCbalustrade,
built courses, concrete)
gargoyles, griffins, roo
chimney covers with a brick, Fieldstone, carved stone orna
cresting, pedimented parapets, corner turrets, decorative chimneys,
chimney caps, hood moldings, fireplace mantles, etc.
or other texture allows for light weight, weather resistant
Chimney - The vertical structure
and noncombustible that contains
alternative one or more
to traditional flues and ca
chimney
smoke and combustion products from a fireplace. Chimneys can be impo
construction.
design elements, and the use GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) chim
covers with a brick, Fieldstone, carved stone or other texture allows for li
weight, weather resistant and noncombustible alternative to traditional c
Chimney Cap
construction.
A cornice or coping that crowns the top of the chimney.
Chimney cap - A cornice or coping that crowns the top of the chimney.
GFRCfiber
(glass (glass fiber concrete)
reinforced reinforced concrete)
chimney chimney capsand p
caps are noncombustible
are noncombustible
masonry chimneys from rainandand protect masonry
whether. GFRC chimneys
chimney caps may hav
molded
from rain and whether. GFRC chimney caps maystone
profile, and a texture of sandstone, limestone, coral haveor othe
material.
a molded profile, and a texture of sandstone, limestone,
coral stone or other material.
Architectural fiberglass ceiling medallion in art deco style
Cement
Made fromfiberglass
Architectural heated ceiling
limestone and shale,
medallion Portland
in art deco style
cement when combined with aggregate, glass fibers and Chimney hood - Noncombustible covering that protects the opening a
polymers is cast to create GFRC (glass fiber reinforced of the chimney from snow and rain but allows smoke to escape. GFRC (g
Chimney Hood
concrete).
Noncombustible covering that protects the opening at
the top of the chimney from snow and rain but allows
Chateau Style
smoke to escape. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete)
Also known as Chateauesque style. A style of architecture
is non combustible, weather resistant and relatively
based on the monumental French Chateau’s of the 16th
Architectural fiberglass ceiling medallion in art deco style light and so an excellent choice for a chimney top.
century. Chateau style was introduced in America by
Richard Morris Hunt. GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Chimney Pot
and GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) architectural
A round decorative shape on top of the chimney, used to
elements that are available in the Chateau style include
increase its height and as a decorative element. Custom
limestone facade, pilasters, pinnacles, dormers, finials,
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) chimney pots
gables, balustrade, built courses, gargoyles, griffins,
are available in a range of styles and sizes, generally
roof cresting, pedimented parapets, corner turrets,
used with a cast stone or terra-cotta color. Since GFRC
decorative chimneys, ornamental chimney caps, hood
is non combustible and relatively light, it is a safe and
moldings, fireplace mantles, etc.
intelligent material to use in this application.

tible and relatively light, it is a safe and intelligent material to use in this
ion. Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)
Cinquefoil - Coffer Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 21
foil - A pattern having five lobes divided like cusps, found in windows in
hic revival style.
Cinquefoil Architectural fiberglass
ar window
A pattern- Ahaving
windowfive
having
lobes thedivided
shape oflike
a full circle.found
cusps, clock tower with working
Ofteninwith
es setwindows
at four points, clocks and chimes
in theinGothic
a radialrevival
manner. style.
Coffer
Recessed panels in the ceiling, arch or dome; they
may be square or octagonal and sometimes are highly
Circular Window
ornamented. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete)
A window having the shape of a full circle. Often with
or GFRP (architectural fiberglass) coffers are used for
ng - keystones setcovering
The exterior at four points, in a radial
of a building. GFRPmanner.
(architectural fiberglass)
concrete) or GFRP (architectural fiberglass) coffers are used for exterior
exterior applications
applications or GFRG for interiors. or GFRG for interiors.
RC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) cladding may be supplied with a metal
Cladding
ork behind the cladding, or as individual panels.
The exterior
al revival style -covering of a building.
Style architecture GFRP
typified (architectural
by simplicity dignity and
fiberglass)
f design andreferred
sometimes GFRC to (glass fiber reinforced
as Jeffersonian concrete)
classicism, because it is
sociated with the
cladding work
may beofsupplied
Thomas Jefferson. Examples
with a metal include Jeffersons
framework
Monticello,
behind the cladding, or as individual panels. State Capitol. It
the University of Virginia, and the Virginia
r revived with some modifications and referred to as the neoclassical
Classical Revival Style
Style architecture typified by simplicity dignity and
purity of design sometimes referred to as Jeffersonian
classicism, because it is often associated with the work
of Thomas Jefferson. Examples include Jefferson’s
GFRG Ceiling Coffers
home at Monticello, the University of Virginia, and GFRG Ceiling coffers
the Virginia State Capitol. It was later revived with
some modifications and referred to as the neoclassical
style. GFRP (architectural fiberglass) elements that are
available in the classical revival style include triangular
pediments, columns in the Doric or Tuscan order,
Roman Ionic and Corinthian orders. Dentils, triglyphs,
fireplace surrounds, door surrounds, moldings, cornice,
mantles and balustrade.
Clock Tower
A tower for a clock. May feature chimes. Coffers of GFRG
Coffers of GFRG

Column - In classical architecture consists of the capital the shaft and a
shaft may be either monolithic (one piece), built up of a number of cylind
may be split vertically, to wrap a structural column. GFRC (glass fiber re
concrete) columns have a typical average wall thickness of between ½” a
Column - Coquina Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 22
Column The acanthus leaves of the normal Corinthian capital

In classical architecture consists of the capital the were combined with the volutes of the Ionic Order.
shaft and a base shaft may be either monolithic (one The other details of the columns and the entablature
piece,) built up of a number of cylinders, or may be resemble those of the Corinthian Order. While the
split vertically, to wrap a structural column. GFRC Ionic and Corinthian Orders are two of the three Greek
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) columns have a typical Orders of Architecture, the Composite order was not
average wall thickness of between ½” and 1”. used by the Greeks. The composite order is less widely
used than other orders and is available in fewer stock
sizes in GFRP (architectural fiberglass,) but can be
custom fabricated.
Concrete Matrix
The concrete portion of GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete,) which is formed by mixing an aggregate,
such as crushed stone or sand, with Portland cement,
polymers and water.
Console
A bracket, in the form of
the scroll which projects
from a wall and supports
a door head, cornice,
Composite Capital fireplace mantel, shelf,
A Roman modification of the Corinthian capital has etc. also known as an
omposite capital - A Roman modification of the Corinthian capital has ancon. GFRC (glass fiber
lutesvolutes
similar to similar to an Since
an Ionic capital. Ionicthecapital.
compositeSince
capitalthe composite
is less widely used
an thecapital is less
other orders, widely inused
it is available only athan thesizes
few stock other orders, it is reinforced
in GFRP concrete)
rchitectural fiberglass), and is generally a custom piece.
available in only a few stock sizes in GFRP (architectural and GFRP (architectural
fiberglass,)
omposite andComposite
Order - The is generally a customlatepiece.
Order developed in the Roman period fiberglass) corbels and
modified version of the Corinthian Order. The acanthus leaves of the normal brackets may be modified
orinthian capital were combined with the volutes of the Ionic Order. The other
tails Composite
of the columns Order Diagramresemble those of the Corinthian
and the entablature and used as consoles.
rder. While the Ionic and Corinthian Orders are two of the three Greek Orders
Architecture, the Composite order was not used by the Greeks. The composite
der is less widely used than other orders and is available in fewer stock sizes in
Coquina
FRP (architectural fiberglass), but can be custom fabricated. A limestone formed from
prehistoric shells and
coral. Coquina stone was
used in the construction of Spanish colonial dwellings
in early Florida. GFRCCoquina
(glass fiberreinforced
A limestone formed fro
concrete)
was used in the construction
with Coquina stone texture and feel, is produced using of Spa
a special manufacturedGFRCmold,(glass fiber from
produced reinforced
quarriedconcre
produced using a special
Coquina stone, and a specially designed GFRC mixture. manufactu
Coquina stone columns, stone,
piersand
andatrim
specially designed
are available asGFR
well as coquina window trim
andare available
door as well
surrounds andas coquin
other
architectural components in GFRC
architectural components in GFRC. Coquina stone GFRC
mottled pastel colors. Because the a
is available in a range of mottled pastel colors. Because
are now either developed or in envi
the areas where coquina stone iswas
coquina an once quarried aresupe
environmentally
Composite Order now either developed available
or in environmentally sensitive
in panels, brackets, keysto
The Composite Order developed late in the Roman locations, GFRC cast coquina is an environmentally
Concrete matrix - The concrete portion of GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
periodwhich
concrete), as modified version
is formed by mixing of thesuchCorinthian
an aggregate, Order.
as crushed stone or
Coral stone - A sedimentary
(continued on next page)lime
sand, with Portland cement, polymers and water. seashells. Coral stone was widely us
Console - A bracket, in the form of the scroll which projects from a wall and mansions in southern Florida, and
Stromberg
supports a door head, cornice, fireplace mantel, shelf, etc. also known as anArchitectural Products Mizner. Coral Stone GFRP (archite
ancon. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
www.4stromberg.com
fiberglass) corbels and brackets may be modified and used as consoles.
903.454.0904 pastel colors and white. GFRP cora
info@4stromberg.com
Coquina - Corinthian Order Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 23
Coquina - continued Corbel

superior solution. The coquina texture is also available A projecting bracket, often decorated, designed to
in panels, brackets, keystones, etc in GFRP (architectural support an architectural element above it. A variety of
fiberglass). stock mold GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and
GFRP (architectural fiberglass) corbels and brackets are
Coral Stone available.
A sedimentary limestone, formed from fossilized
coral and seashells. Coral stone was widely used in Corbels supporting a
construction of many of the great mansions in southern cornice
Florida, and was popularized by architects such as
Addison Mizner. Coral Stone GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) is available in a range of pastel colors and Corinthian Capital
white. GFRP coral stone is stronger than quarried The capital for the
coral stone and architectural fiberglass is readily Corinthian column.
Corbels supporting a cornice A series of acanthus
available and is more environmentally friendly. GFRP
leaves,
(architectural fiberglass) cast with coral stone texture,Corinthian capital - The capital for the surrounding
Corinthian column.
provides a material which is virtually indistinguishable acanthus leaves, surrounding a central a central
bell. bell.
from quarried coral stone. Coral stone ashlar, coral
stone columns, coral stone brackets, coral stone piers,
balusters, trim, wall cap and other coral stone shapes
are all available in Architectural Fiberglass.
Corbels supporting a cornice
Corinthian capital - The capital for the Corinthian column. A series of
acanthus leaves, surrounding a central bell.
Corinthian Order
One of the three classical orders of architecture. While
the Corinthian order takes its name from the city of
Coral stone trim in GFRC Corinth in Greece. It actually seems to have been
Coral stone trim in GFRC developed in Athens during the fifth century BC. The
Coral stone trim in GFRC
leaves surrounding the capital represent stylized acanthus
leaves. The legend of its origin is that a sculptor, visiting
the grave of a young girl, found an urn filled with her
possessions, on top of her grave, covered with a square
tile on top to protect the contents. An acanthus plant
had grown around the urn, curling over at the corners
of the tile. Moved and inspired by the sight, he created
Fossil Stone texture similar
a column capital in the shape of a round urn encircled
to coral stone but with a with acanthus leaves. The details of the Corinthian
heavier texture and more column base, shaft and entablature are similar to the
fossils. (continued on next page)
Fossil Stone texture similar to coral stone but with a heavier texture and more
fossils. Stromberg Architectural Products
Corinthian Order - Cornice Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 24
Corinthian Order - continued Cornice

Corinthian Order - One of the three classical orders of architecture. While the
Ionic order.
Corinthian GFRC
order takes (glass
its name fromfiber reinforced
the city concrete)
of Corinth in Greece. and A molded horizontal projection that crowns the top
It actually
seems to have been developed in Athens during the fifth century BC. The leaves of a wall where it meets with the edge of a roof. The
GFRP (architectural fiberglass) Corinthian columns are
surrounding the capital represent stylized acanthus leaves. The legend of its
available
origin is that aas standard
sculptor, visitingmold items,
the grave and
of a young found an urn filled with term cornice, is also used to refer to the top section of
girl,even-numbered
her possessions, on top of her grave, covered with a square tile on top to protect an entablature (resting on the frieze) or to refer to the
diameters
the contents. An(10 inch,
acanthus plant12 inch,around
had grown 14 theinch, etc.) overGFRC
urn, curling at the
(glassoffiber
corners and
the tile. Movedfirst
andconcrete)
inspired by theandsight,GFRP
he created a column capital ornamental molding at the top of a door or window
(architectural
in the shape of a round urn encircled with acanthus leaves. The details of the
fiberglass)
Corinthian Corinthian
column base, shaft andpilasters areareavailable
entablature inIonic
similar to the same surround. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and
theorder.
sizes.(glass
GFRC Asfiber
a reinforced
loose rule of thumb,
concrete) columns GFRP (architectural fiberglass) cornices offer architects
Corinthianfiberglass)
and GFRP (architectural
Corinthian columns are available as standard mold items, and even-numbered
are typically
diameters (10 inch,812to 1214diameters
inch, in height,
inch, etc.). GFRC (glass fiberfor
andexample
first concrete)a a number of design possibilities. Shape selection
and GFRPdiameter
1 foot (architectural(measured
fiberglass) Corinthian
lowerpilasters
shaft)are available in
column the same is virtually unlimited. Cornices can be designed in
would
sizes. As a loose rule of thumb, Corinthian columns are typically 8 to 12
be eightandtoheight,
diameters 12 feet tall, aand
for example 1 footadiameter
2 foot(measured
diameter lowercolumn
shaft) traditional or contemporary styles. Custom shapes
column would be eight to 12 feet tall, and a 2 foot diameter column would be 16 can be used, or you can select a stock profile from
would be 16 to 24 feet in height.
to 24 feet in height.
our extensive collection. Dentils, reveals, cantilevered
projections, carved details, can all be incorporated into
the cornice. At Stromberg, shape selection is virtually
unlimited. Stone textures, acid washed concretes,
colors, terra-cottas, and even metallic are all possible
finish options.
The light weight and strength of Stromberg GFRC
and Architectural Fiberglass, combined with modern
technology and repetitive casting techniques makes it
affordable to use complex shapes and profiles.
Because of the relatively light weight and strength of
GFRC and Architectural Fiberglass, the cornice can
cantilever beyond the buildings structure without costly
additional support. Wind and other loads are transferred
back to the building’s structure.
Cornices provide the visual finishing touch to the
roof line. Cornices in glass fiber reinforced concrete
and architectural fiberglass also serve the purpose of
shading to reduce energy costs and protecting the wall
below from the
costly additional weather.
support. Wind and other loads are transferred back to the
building’s structure.
Cornices should be detailed to maintain a continuously
uniform waterthe
Cornices provide barrier
visual at the interface
finishing between
touch to the roof line.wall andin gla
Cornices
roof components.
reinforced Roof membrane
concrete and architectural fiberglassand flashing
also serve can of s
the purpose
to reduce energy costs and protecting the wall below
extend under the cornice, or roofing can be brought up from the weather.
the backside
Cornices and
should be over tothe
detailed top ofa continuously
maintain the cornice, covering
uniform water bar
the entire back panel including caulk joints. Stromberg
the interface between wall and roof components. Roof membrane and flas
can extend under the cornice, or roofing can be brought up the backside an
Corinthian pilasters GFRC and GFRP offer you a number of options,
the top of the cornice, covering the entire back panel including caulk joints
in GFRS (The depending
Stromberg GFRC uponandyour
GFRPunique
offer yourequirements. If you
a number of options, need upo
depending
Stromberg stone further assistance, please give us a call or email. Weusare
unique requirements. If you need further assistance, please give a call o
faced architectural email. We are here to help.
here to help.
fiberglass)
Corinthian pilasters in GFRS (the Stromberg stone faced architectural fiberglass)

Corner Pilaster
An engaged
Corner pilaster,
pilaster located
- An engaged at thelocated
pilaster, corneratof
thethe building
corner of the building or
or colonnade.
colonnade.
Cornice - A molded horizontal projection that crowns the top of a wall where it
meets with the edge of a roof. The term cornice, is also used to refer to the top
section of an entablature (resting on the frieze) or to refer to the ornamental
molding at the top of a door or window surround.Stromberg
GFRC (GlassArchitectural
CorniceProducts
fiber reinforced return - Is the term for the continuation of a cornice, either bac
concrete) and GFRP (architectural
www.4stromberg.com fiberglass) cornices offer architects a
903.454.0904number
wall where it terminates, or in a change direction, at a gable end.
info@4stromberg.com
of design possibilities. Shape selection is virtually unlimited. Cornices can be
Cornice Return - Date Stone Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 25
Cornice Return meaning a small cup (A cupola resembling an upside

Is the term for the continuation of a cornice, either back down cup.) A cupola that is lighted is sometimes referred
to the wall where it terminates, or in a change direction, to as a lantern. A Cupola with access for viewing out of
at a gable end. to view the scenery is often called a belvedere, from the
Italian term for fair view. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
Corona concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) cupolas
The overhanging vertical member of a cornice in may be designed as one piece units, if small enough
classical architecture. to be transported. Larger cupolas of GFRC (glass fiber
reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Cresting are generally made in segments that are pre-fitted at
A decorative design along the ridge of a roof, cornice, the factory, disassembled for shipping, reassembled
coping or parapet. Usually highly ornamented and often on the ground at the site, and then hoisted into place
perforated. Often found in the Chateau style, Second with a crane. GFRC and GFRP cupolas may be
Empire style, and Queen Anne style, but also found on custom designed or may be selected from a catalog of
other styles. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and stock the cupola designs. In most cases a glass fiber
GFRP (architectural fiberglass) cresting incorporates reinforced concrete cupola sets over a roof membrane,
stainless steel or other non-corroding anchors which as a decorative element on the roof. Flashing and
allow it to be bolted to the structure below. waterproofing is therefore simplified.
Wall top cresting or crenellation in cast stone

Wall top cresting or crenellation in cast stone Cushion Capital
Crocket Capital of the Romanesque style and Gothic style that
Crocket - Gothic ornaments
Gothic ornaments of medievaloforigin, usually
medieval plant
origin, like plantlike
usually somewhat in resembles
form, a cushion.
placed along the edge Cushion orcapital
spires.- Most
Capital of the Romanesque style and Gothic style that
in form, placed alongofthe
the edge
sloping
of surface of pinnacles
the sloping surface
somewhat resembles a cushion.
often
seen in Gothic or
of pinnacles revival architecture.
spires. Most often GFRC (glass
seen fiber reinforced
in Gothic Cyma concrete) and
GFRP
revival(architectural
architecture.fiberglass)
GFRC Crockets are generally
Cyma cast
- AAwith
moldinga stainless
withwith steel curved shape of an S in section.
the double
molding the double curved shape of an S in
or noncorrosive metal all thread through them to allow
concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) Crockets section. for attachment to the
structure. Date stone - A panel or “stone” of GFRC, inscribed with the date of completio
are generally cast with a stainless steel or noncorrosive of the building, and sometimes other information. The glass fiber reinforced
metal all thread through them to allow for attachment concrete date stone may bewilla cornerstone, a plaque or keystone.
Cupola - Structure located on a roof or a dome, with a circular polygon
Date Stone
to the structure.
base. Often louvered for ventilation, sometimes set with glass or stained-glass.
Dentil - OneA panel
of a roworof“stone”
“tooth like”of blocks,
GFRC,setinscribed
in a moldingwith the date
or cornice. These
The word comes from the Latin ‘cupella’ or the Greek
Cupola ‘kupellon’)
are part meaning
ofofthecompletion
classical a small
ornamentation
of the building, and sometimes other and
of the Ionic, Composite, Corinthian
cup (A cupola
Structure resembling
located on a roof an or
upside downwith
a dome, cup).aA couple
Doric
circular that is
orders. lighted
Found is
in Federal style, Adams style, Classical Revival style, Fren
information. The glass fiber reinforced concrete date
sometimes referred to as a lantern. A Cupola
polygon will base. Often louvered for ventilation, with access
Eclectic for viewing
architecture, out of
Georgian tostyle, and Greek revival architecture. GFRC (gla
view the scenery is often called a belvedere, from the fiberItalianstone
reinforced
term may be
concrete) a
for fairand cornerstone, a plaque
GFRP (architectural
view. or keystone.
fiberglass) moldings may be
sometimes set with glass or stained-glass. The cast wordwith the dentils as part of the molding, or the dentils may be cast separatel
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
comes from the Latin ‘cupella’ or the Greek ‘kupellon’)
and attached after casting. It is important that dentil molding and cornice with
cupolas may be designed as one piece units, if small enough to be transported.
dentils be properly laid out so that the dentil spacing is uniform. This is genera
Larger cupolas of GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete)
done by and GFRP (architectural
the manufacturer in the shop drawings stage.
fiberglass) are generally made in segments that are pre-fitted at the factory,
disassembled for shipping, reassembled on the ground
www.4stromberg.com at the site, and then
903.454.0904 info@4stromberg.com
Dentil - Dome Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 26
Dentil
One of a row of “tooth like” blocks, set in a molding or
cornice. These are part of the classical ornamentation
of the Ionic, Composite, Corinthian and Doric orders.
Found in Federal style, Adams style, Classical Revival
style, French Eclectic architecture, Georgian style, and
Greek revival architecture. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) moldings
may be cast with the dentils as part of the molding,
or the dentils may be cast separately and attached
after casting. It is important that dentil molding and
cornice with dentils be properly laid out so that the
dentil spacing is uniform. This is generally done by the
manufacturer in the shop drawings stage.
Architectural fiberglass domes by Stromberg, Atlantis, Baha
Architectural fiberglass domes by Stromberg, Atlantis, Bahamas

Architectural fiberglass domes by Stromberg, Atlantis, Bahamas
Dome
A roof structure generally shaped like a segment of
aDome
sphere, but structure
- A roof may also be polygon
generally shaped likeor oval in plan.
a segment of a sphere, but may
Large
also beGFRC
polygon(glass
or ovalfiber reinforced
in plan. Large GFRCconcrete) and reinforced
(glass fiber GFRP concrete) and
GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) domesare
domes are generally
generallycast in pie
cast in shaped segments,
and
pie assembled on-site. Smaller
shaped segments, domes, generally
and assembled less than
on-site. eight to 10 feet
Smaller
diameter, may be cast as one piece units, or in segments. If the dome is a
domes,
decorative generally
element to less
bethan
viewedeight
from tothe
10exterior
feet diameter,
only, themayroof is put in place,
be cast
and as one
the dome piece
placed units,
above it. or in segments.
Similarly if the dome If the
is todome
be viewed from the
interior only, it may
is a decorative be suspended
element from the from
to be viewed ceilingthe
structure
exterioraboveDome
it. If in GFRG
the
domes
only, theare to be viewed
roof is putfrom both theand
in place, interior
the and
domethe exterior
placed than a double
dome is required with insulation placed between the inner and outer Dome dome. in GFRG
above it. Similarly if the dome is to be viewed
Exterior glass reinforced concrete and architectural fiberglass domes from may be
the
moldedinterior
smooth only, it may be
or textured, withsuspended
ribs or evenfromwith the ceilinginDome
the molded
in GFRG
shape of roof
structure
tile, above
or glazed mosaicit. tile.
If the domes
Interior are in
domes to GFRC
be viewed fromreinforced
(glass fiber
concrete)
both the interior and the exterior then a double dome ribbed, or
and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) may be smooth,
coffered. In some applications both an exterior dome of GFRC or architectural
is required
fiberglass, andwith insulation
an interior dome placed
of GFRGbetween the inner
or architectural fiberglass are used.
and outer
Between thedome. Exterior
inner dome glass dome,
and outer reinforced
the domeconcrete and be insulated.
cavity may
architectural fiberglass domes may be molded smooth
or textured, with ribs or even with the molded in shape
of roof tile, or glazed mosaic tile. Interior domes in
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
(architectural fiberglass) may be smooth, ribbed, or
coffered. In some applications both an exterior dome of
GFRC or architectural fiberglass, and an interior dome
of GFRG or architectural fiberglass are used. Between
the inner dome and outer dome, the dome cavity may
be insulated. Interior GFRG domes
Interior GFRG domes
Door Surround - A structure or decorative element around the doo

GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiber
www.4stromberg.com 903.454.0904
surrounds range from the simple toinfo@4stromberg.com
the very ornate and are used with
Door Surround - Doric Capital Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 27
Entry surround of M80 molding.
Interior
Door GFRG domes
Surround
A structure or decorative element around the doorway.
Door Surround
GFRC (glass fiber- A structure or
reinforced decorative
concrete) andelement
GFRP around the doorway.
GFRC (glass fiber
(architectural reinforced
fiberglass) concrete) and
door surrounds rangeGFRP
from (architectural
the fiberglass) door
surrounds range from the simple to the very ornate
simple to the very ornate and are used with every style and are used with every style
of architecture.
of architecture.
Entry surround of M80 molding
Ventura Door Surround on office building (Also shown is M30

VenturaG29
banding, Door Surround
balustrade on office
and 24” diameterbuilding.
Corinthian(Also shown is M30 banding, G29
columns.)
balustrade
The and 24”is diameter
Ventura Surround Corinthian
adjustable in size. columns). The Ventura Surround is
adjustable in size.
The Magnolia Door Surround Doric Capital

features two columns (pilasters) The top or capital of a column or pilaster of the Doric
and a angular pediment. The size is order.
adjustable.
The Magnolia Door Surround. Features two columns (pilasters) and a angular
pediment. Size is adjustable.
specific project. Include such variations as the arch dormer, eyebrow dorme
Flathead dormer, hip dormer, Mission dormer, Palladian dormer, pointed
dormer, random dormer, triangular dormer and through the cornice wall do
Doric Order - Double Bellied Baluster Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 28
Doric Order
The Doric Order is the oldest and simplest of the three
Greek architectural orders and was invented by the
Dorian Greeks. The Doric order is characterized by
sturdy proportions and a simple capital. The columns
are thicker relative to their height than in the other
orders. The Greek Doric column is fluted and has no
base. The Roman Doric is usually not fluted and has
a base. The entablature is deeper and visually heavier
than that of either the Ionic or Corinthian Orders. Doric
columns are available in GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) in a variety
of diameters
shaft
standardtypically
sizes inwith
even
shaft diameters
numbered
typically
increments (12 inch,
in even
14
shaft diameters typically inineven numbered increments (12 inch, 1414inch,
inch, 16
1616inch,
inch,
numbered
shaft
etc.).
etc.).
diametersincrements
typically (12
even inch,
numbered 14 inch,
increments 16
(12 inch,
inch, etc.)
inch, inch,
etc.).
Double
Double Bellied Baluster baluster - A baluster w
bellied
A baluster
Double bellied with two - vase
baluster shaped “bellies,” the“bellies”
same, the
profile
profile on the on
upper the
and lower
A baluster
upper
half. GFRC
with two
and
profile on the upper and lower half. GFRC and
and
vase shaped
lower half.
Architectural GFRC
Fiberglass balus
are available
Architectural in a large
Fiberglass balustersselection
are available in a large selection of standard profiles.
are available of standa
in a
large selection of standard profiles.
Example of a double bellied baluster
Example of a double bellied baluster.
Dormer
And architectural element
which projects from a Doub
sloping roof. Dormers
usually contain a vertical
window or louvers. GFRC Double
Double bellied
Lancet balustrade
Window - A window surround with two
windows side-by-side. Double bellied balustrade
(glass fiber reinforced Example
Double Lancet Window
of a double bell
concrete) and GFRP
A window surround with two pointed Lancet windows
(architectural fiberglass) Double Lancet Window - A window surround with two pointed Lancet
side-by-side.
dormers are generally not windows side-by-side.
part of the roof structure
but are cast separately.
Because the great variety of dormers, GFRC and GFRP
dormers are generally custom-made for the needs of
a specific
Dormer
Dormer
Dormer -- And
-And
project.
architectural
architectural
And
Include
element
element
architectural element
such
which
which
which
variations
projects
projects
projects from as theroof.
fromaaasloping
from sloping arch
slopingroof.
roof.
Dormers
Dormers
dormer, usually
usually contain
contain
eyebrow aa vertical
vertical
dormer, window
window or
or
Flathead louvers.
louvers. GFRC
GFRC
dormer, (glass
(glass
hip
Dormers usually contain a vertical window or louvers. GFRC (glass fiber fiber
fiber
dormer, Double Lancet window
reinforced
reinforced
reinforced concrete)
concrete)
concrete)and
and
and GFRP
GFRP
GFRP (architectural
fiberglass)
(architectural dormers
dormers
fiberglass) dormers are
are
are generally
generally
generally
Mission dormer, Palladian dormer, pointed dormer,
random dormer, triangular dormer and through the Dowel - Cylindrical metal rod often used to secure two pi
cornice wall dormer. or to secure GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) to anot
for GFRC are generally stainless steel or galvanized steel. S
dowel anchors for GFRC.
Double Lancet window
Double Lancet window
Dowel - Egyptian Revival Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 29
Dowel Eaves
Cylindrical metal rod often used to secure two pieces of The underside of the part of the roof that projects
GFRC together, or to secure GFRC (glass fiber reinforced beyond the exterior wall. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) to another material. Dowels for GFRC Eaves are Eaves
- The- underside
concrete)Theand
underside
GFRP of
of the the part
part of of
the
(architectural the roofthat
roof thatprojects
fiberglass)projects beyond
may the
eavesbeyond th
wall. GFRC
wall. GFRC (glass
(glass fiberfiber reinforced
reinforced concrete)and
concrete) andGFRP
GFRP (architectural
(architectural f
generally stainless steel or galvanized steel. Shown are eaves
be coffered
may or plain.
be coffered or plain.
eaves may be coffered or plain.
typical dowel anchors for GFRC.
Highly ornamented eaves

Highly ornamented eaves.
Eggand
Egg andDart
Dartmolding
Molding- An ornamental molding with a repeating p
Highly
Anornamented
egg shaped
ornamentaleaves.
ornaments alternating
molding withadart
with shaped ornaments.
repeating pattern of
egg shaped ornaments alternating with dart shaped
Egg and Dart molding - An ornamental molding with a repeating p
ornaments.
egg shaped ornaments alternating with dart shaped ornaments.
Egg and dart molding GFRG

Egyptian Revival
A style of architecture suggestive of the architecture
Drip Molding of ancient Egypt. This architecture usually exhibits
A horizontal molding over a door or window designed elements such as Lotus capitals, columns that bulge or
to channel rainwater away from the wall surface and as that imitate papyrus stocks, Egyptian Gorge, winged
a decorative element. sun discs, etc.
Stromberg
Drip molding - A horizontal Architectural
molding over a door Products
or window designed to
channel rainwater away from the wall
www.4stromberg.com surface and as a decorative element.
columns that bulge or that imitate papyrus stocks, Egyptian Gorge, winged sun
discs, etc. Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 30
Egyptian Gorge - Engaged Column
Egyptian Gorge
Also known as Egyptian cornice, Cavetto cornice,
Gorge-and-roll cornice. Consisting of a large cavetto
molding (round concave molding continuing at least
a quarter circle) sometimes decorated with vertical
leaves, and a roll molding below.
Elizabethan Architecture
An English style of architecture, it was the transitional
style between Gothic architecture and Renaissance
architecture.
Elliptical Arch
Any arch having the shape of half an ellipse.
Egyptian Revival Columns and Capitals, Cheesecake Factory

Restaurant (GFRG)
Egyptian Revival Columns and Capitals, Cheesecake Factory Restaurant. GFRG
Engaged Column
Engaged column
A column, attached to a- wall.
A column,
GFRC (glassattached
fiber
concrete) and GFRP
reinforced concrete) (architectural
and GFRP fibergl
engaged columns, may be half round or three quarter
round
round.
or three quarter round.
www.4stromberg.com
Egyptian 903.454.0904
Gorge - Also known as Egyptian cornice, Cavetto cornice, Gorge-and- info@4stromberg.com
ound or three Glass
quarter round. Concrete (GFRC) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)
Fiber Reinforced
Entablature - Facade Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 31
Entasis
A slight convex curve added to the tapered profile of
classical columns. Entasis is used to overcome the
optical illusion of concavity of straight sided shafts.
Entry Surround
A door surround at the main entry to a home or
building.
Entablature
An entablature, is a horizontal band and molding
supported by columns. Entablatures or horizontally
divided into three basic elements: the architrave (the
upper most portion;) the frieze (the middle section,)
and the cornice (the top section.) The proportions and
details of an entablature are different depending on the
order (Doric, Tuscan, Ionic, Corinthian or Composite.) Entry surround (the Ventura) by Stromberg
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP Entry surround (the Ventura) by Stromberg.
Entablature - An entablature, is a horizontal band and molding supported by Equilateral Arch
(architectural
columns. fiberglass)
Entablatures or horizontally entablatures
divided into three basic elements: the may be cast as U
architrave (the upper most portion); the frieze (the middle section), and the A pointed, centered
Equilateral arch- arch whose centered
A pointed, radius of curvature
arch whoseis ra
shaped sections to wrap a structural
cornice (the top section). The proportions and details of an entablature are beam or be hollow
different depending on the order (Doric, Tuscan, Ionic, Corinthian or equal to the width of the
to the width of the opening.opening.
and feature entablatures mayinternal ribs for stiffening
Composite). GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) be cast as U shaped sections to wrap a structural or an internal
steel frame.
beam or be hollow and feature internal ribs for stiffening or an internal steel
frame.
Eyebrow Lintel
Eyebrow lintel - A lintel over a door or window, with
A lintel over a door or window, with a slight arch to it.
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) eyebrow lintels may be
orGFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) eyebrow lintels
nonstructural.
may be designed to be structural or non structural.
Facade
Facade
- The exterior skin of a building, which is cons
architectural face or front.
The exterior skin of a building, which is considered to
be the architectural face or front.
Entablature

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Entasis - A slight convex curve added to the tapered profile of classical columns. 903.454.0904 info@4stromberg.com
Entasis is used to overcome the optical illusion of concavity of straight sided
Federal Style - Finial Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 32
Fieldstone
Construction of individual stones for walls and chimneys.
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
(architectural fiberglass) field stone panels are available
in a variety of stone types, colors and textures. GFRC
and GFRP field stone panels allow for fast installation
and quality workmanship.
Chico’s Facade
Chico's Facade
Federal Style
Federal style - Style that
Style architecture architecture that developed
developed in the postcolonial era in
in the postcolonial
American. It was greatly influenced by the work of Robert Adam. Buildings
era in America. It was greatly influenced by the work
constructed in the Federal style may contain the following architectural elements:
of Robert Adam. Buildings constructed in thewith
Federal Fieldstone panel for
large entrance porticos, columns and pilasters, cornice moldings, quoins,
“lighthouse” cast in
style may contain the following architectural elements:
festoons, garlands, urns, swags, dentils and egg and dart moldings. Many GFRC
(glass GFRG (glass fiber
large fiber reinforced
entrance concrete)
porticos, and GFRP
columns and(architectural fiberglass) elements are
pilasters, cornice reinforced gypsum)
available as stock patterns or maybe custom fabricated in the Federal style.
with moldings, quoins, festoons, garlands, urns, swags, for interior use.
dentils and
Festoon egg
- The and dart
decoration of moldings. Manyfruit,
suspended flowers, GFRC (glass
foliage, ribbons, etc. Fieldstone panels
found
fiber inreinforced
the Beaux Arts Style, Colonial
concrete) and Revival,
GFRP Adam style and Federal style.
(architectural could also be cast
Also known as garland or swag. in architectural
fiberglass) elements are available as stock patterns or
fiberglass or GFRC
maybe custom fabricated in the Federal style. for exterior use.
Festoon Finial
Fieldstone panel for “lighthouse” cast in GFRG (glass fiber reinforced gypsum)
The decoration of suspended flowers, fruit, foliage, Aninterior
for ornament that tops
use. Fieldstone panelsacould
gatealso
pier, pinnacle,
be cast spire
in architectural or o
fiberglass
ribbons, etc. found in the Beaux Arts Style, Colonial GFRC for exterior
pediment. use. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete)
Typical
Revival, Adam style and Federal style. Also known as and GFRP
Finial (architectural
- An ornament that tops afiberglass) finialsspire
gate pier, pinnacle, might be urns,Typica
or pediment.
garland or swag. pineapples,
GFRC (glass fiberacorns,
reinforcedobelisks,
concrete) andetc.GFRP (architectural fiberglass) finia
might be urns, pineapples, acorns, obelisks, etc.
Festoon plaque over window • Part of the restoration of North

Texas State University Draped Urn finial
Draped Urn finial
Flat Keystone Arch - A flat arch or lintel with a keystone at the
Fireplace Mantles - Foil Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 33
Fireplace Mantles
Draped Urn finial
A shelf or entablature over a fireplace opening.

Stromberg GFRC offers a selection of stock moldings
and corbels that are used as fireplace mantles. Glass
Fireplace Mantles - A shelf or entablature over a fireplace opening. Stromberg
fiber reinforced
GFRC offers a selection concrete, being
of stock moldings nonthat
and corbels combustible, is an
are used as fireplace
mantles. Glass fiber reinforced concrete, being non combustible, is an ideal
ideal
materialmaterial
for fireplace for fireplace mantels.
mantels.
Fleur-de-lis
Fireplace Surround From the French
Fluer-de-lis - Fromword for “flower
the French word forof the lily”.
“flower of theA stylized
lily”. A stylized t
petaled iris flower tied by an encircling band, once
three-petaled iris flower tied by an encircling band, used as the heraldic b
The frame around a fireplace opening. The surround the French royal family (chosen by Charles V), used on coats of arms and
consists of the side supports, which may be columns, oncebyused
used Englishaskings
the and
heraldic
royaltybearing
An ancient ofemblem,
the French royal The
the Empress
engaged columns, pilasters, corbels, ancones or family
bore (chosen
one on her crownby(approximately
Charles V,) used on The
A.D. 527). coats
three of“petals”
arms of th
Fluer-de-lis
and later used by English kings and royalty An ancientA sty
de-lis have also- From
been the
used French
to word
represent thefor “flower
Holy of
Trinity. the lily”.
Fireplace
moldings, surround
and -the top entablature
The frame around a fireplaceor shelf.TheGRC
opening. surround is an petaled iris flower tied by an encircling band, once used as the her
consists of the side supports, which may be columns, engaged columns, pilasters,
excellent
corbels, anconeschoice forand
or moldings, fireplace surrounds
the top entablature since
or shelf. GRC isitanis non
emblem,
the French the
royalEmpress Theodora
family (chosen bore one
by Charles on her
V), used on crown
coats of arm
excellent choice for fireplace surrounds since it is non combustible. Glass fiber
combustible. Glass fiber reinforced concrete fireplace (approximately
used A.D.
by English kings and527.) The
royalty three “petals”
An ancient of the
emblem, the Empres
reinforced concrete fireplace surrounds can be cast in a texture and color to
surrounds
replicate can
cut stone be stone.
or cast cast in a texture and color to replicate fleur-de-lis
bore have
one on her also(approximately
crown been used toA.D.represent the
527). The Holy
three “petals
de-lis have
Trinity. also been used to represent the Holy Trinity.
cut stone or cast stone.
Fluer-de-lis in architectural fiberglass
Fluer-de-lis
Fleur-de-lis ininarchitectural
fiberglass
Fluting - Shallow vertical grooves on a
Fluting
Shallow vertical grooves on a
column or pilaster shaft.
Fireplace Hearth
The floor
Fireplace Hearthof - the fireplace
The floor opening.
of the fireplace GFRC
opening. GFRC fireplace
fireplace hearths
Foil
are designed to extend into the room and the glass fiber reinforced concrete
hearths are designed to extend into
provides the non combustible material to protect the floor. the room and From the French word “foil”
the glass fiber reinforced concrete provides the non meaning “leaf”. A leaf-shaped
combustible material to protect the floor. curve or lobe, formed between
points called cusps inside an arch
Flat Keystone Arch or circle. Used in Gothic style
A flat arch or lintel with a keystone at the center. (continued on next page)
Foil - From the French word “foil” mea

Stromberg Architectural Products formed between points called cusps ins
tracery windows. The number of foils is
lobes), quatrefoil (4 lobes), cinquefoil, s
Gothic Revival Styles and others.
Foil - Garland Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 34
Foil - continued Gable

tracery windows. The number of foils is indicated by Known as the pediment in Classical architecture. The
a prefix, e.g. trefoil (three lobes,) quatrefoil (4 lobes,) gable is the triangular portion of the wall, between the
Foil - From the French word “foil” meaning “leaf”. A leaf-shaped curve or lobe,
cinquefoil, sexfoil, multifoil. Found in Gothic and
formed between points called cusps inside an arch or circle. Used in Gothic style
enclosing lines of a sloping roof. Gable
Gable cornice in
Window -AGFRC
triang
Gothic
tracery Revival
windows. Styles
The number andis indicated
of foils others.by a prefix, e.g. trefoil (three (glass fiber reinforced concrete) or GFRP (architectural
lobes), quatrefoil (4 lobes), cinquefoil, sexfoil, multifoil. Found in Gothic and pediment.
fiberglass) is the cornice that is used at the gable.
Gothic Revival Styles and others.
Quatrefoil Medallion
Gable Window Gargoyle - A grotesque fig
French Renaissance Style A triangular window top function as alike
that is shaped waterspout
a gable or or
The French version of pediment. Ann and Tudor Styles of ar
the Renaissance style, Gable Window - A triangular window
gargoyles aretop that is shaped
available as st
the architectural style pediment.
Gargoyle
developed in early 15th threaded rods.
A grotesque figure, projecting from a building. A
century Italy and spread to Gargoyle
gargoyle may- A grotesque
function asfigure, projectingorfrom
a waterspout a building
be purely
France during the rebirth function
decorative. Found in the Gothic, Queen Ann Found
as a waterspout or be purely decorative. and in
(rinascimento) of classical Ann
Tudorand Tudor
Styles of Styles of architecture.
architecture. GFRC and GFRC and Architec
Architectural
art and architecture. gargoyles are available as stock and custom designs.
Fiberglass gargoyles are available as stock and custom Gene
Quatrefoil medallion
Heavily influenced by Vitruvius’s Treatise on threaded rods.
designs. Generally attached with threaded rods.
Architecture, originally written in the time of Augustus,
and later published in Rome in 1486. GFRC (glass
fiber reinforced concrete) is uniquely suited to the
replication of Renaissance style architectural elements.
Renaissance style GFRC, columns,French capitals,
Renaissance style - The French version of the Renaissance style, the
fireplace
architectural style developed in early 15th century Italy and spread to France
mantles, balustrade, ceilings, garden urns
during the and(rinascimento)
rebirth planters, of classical art and architecture.
etc are available as stock patterns, or able to be custom
Heavily influenced by Vitruvius’s Treatise on Architecture, originally written in
produced. the time of Augustus, and later published in Rome in 1486. GFRC (glass fiber
reinforced concrete) is uniquely suited to the replication of Renaissance style
architectural elements. Renaissance style GFRC, columns, capitals, fireplace
Folly mantles, balustrade, ceilings, garden urns and planters, etc are available as stock
A term of endearment for a structure
patterns,that is functionally
or able to be custom produced. Gargoyle in
useless but designed for visualFolly
interest or effect, such asfor a structure that is functionally useless but architectural
- A term of endearment
a false ruin in a garden or a gazebo
designedthat is designed
for visual Gargoyle
toeffect, such as a false ruin in a garden
interest or or a gazeboin architectural
fiberglass (GFRP) fib
that
complete a garden vista or scene. is designed to complete a garden vista or scene.
Garland
Gargoyle in architectural fiberglass (GFRP)
Fret - A type of running ornament Aconsisting
decoration
of repeated andofsymmetrical
Fret figures, often in relief, contained within
suspended flowers, fruit,French: “fret”
a band or border. Old
A type of running ornament meaning grating.
consisting of repeated and
foliage, ribbons, etc.
symmetrical figures, often in relief, contained within a
Frieze - The middle section of thefound in theAbove
entablature. Beauxthe Arts
architrave and below
band or border. Old French: “fret” meaning grating.
the cornice. Style, Colonial Revival,
Adam style, Federal
Frieze style and others. Also
The middle section of the known as a festoon or
entablature. Above the swag. Garland may be
architrave and below the incorporated into GFRC
cornice. (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) and GFRP
elements such as door
Jungle Frieze in architectural heads, planters, panels,
fiberglass. Siegfried and Roy Gargoyle Finial
cartouches, etc. in GFRC and castFinial
Gargoyle stone in GFRC and cast
Garden Mirage Las Vegas. stone
Gargoyle Finial in GFRC an
Jungle Frieze in architectural
Stromberg fiberglass. Siegfried
Architectural Products and Roy Garden Mirage Las
Vegas
Garland - A decoration of suspended flowers, fruit, foliag
fiber
Gazeboreinforced
- Gothic Revival concrete) and GFRP
Glossary(architectural fiberglass) elements such as Page 35
of Architectural Terms
door
Gazebo
heads, planters, panels, cartouches, etc. Gibbs Surround
A small garden house, normally round or polygonal A window or door surround with rusticated alternating
Gazebo - A small
in plan, designed gardenahouse,
for providing normally
view. GFRC (glass round
large andor small
polygonal
blocks inof plan,
stone. designed
Named after the
for providing a view. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural Scottish architect James Gibbs (1682-1754,) considered
fiberglass) gazebosfiberglass)
(architectural typically feature GFRCtypically
gazebos columns, feature
by many GFRC
to be thecolumns,
most influential churchor
a GFRC architect in
a GFRC or Architectural Fiberglass entablature and London during the early 18th century.
Architectural Fiberglass
a GFRC or Architectural entablature
Fiberglass dome orand roof.a GFRC or Architectural fiberglass dome
or roof. are
Gazebos Gazebos
sometimesarereferred
sometimes referred
to as a garden houseto Gothic
as a garden house or summerhouse.
Architecture
or summerhouse. The architectural style of the high middle ages in Western
Europe. Typified by the great cathedrals, characterized
by their flying buttresses, ribbed vaults, tracery, pointed
arches, rose windows, etc.
Gothic Revival
The style of architecture following the forms and spirit
of Gothic architecture. GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Gothic
and GFRCarchitecture - The architectural
(glass fiber reinforced concrete) style of the high m
architectural
Western Europe.
elements for Gothic Typified
revivalbyarchitecture
the great cathedrals,
include GFRC characte
buttresses, ribbed vaults, tracery, pointed arches, rose wind
ashlar masonry, GFRP and GFRC battlements, decorative
Gothic revival
brackets, foliated- The style of architecture
ornaments, finials, hood following
moldings, the for
pinnacles, Crockets, rose windows, pointed arches, GF
Gothic architecture. GFRP (architectural fiberglass) and
reinforced concrete)
quatrefoils, trefoils andarchitectural
turrets. Gothicelements
revivalforchimneys
Gothic reviv
include GFRC ashlar masonry, GFRP
often feature high, ornamental chimney stacks and GFRC battlement
and
brackets, foliated ornaments, finials, hood moldings, pinna
chimney pots. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete)
windows, pointed arches, quatrefoils, trefoils and turrets. G
and GFRPoften
chimneys (architectural
feature high,fiberglass)
ornamentalrose chimney
windowsstacksand an
lancet windows
GFRC (glass fiberasreinforced
well as various
concrete)types
andofGFRP
tracery are
(architect
also produced, as well as glass fiber reinforced
windows and lancet windows as well as various types of trac concrete
Gothic columns,
produced, as well Gothic
as glassarches and even gargoyles.
fiber reinforced concrete gothic c
and even gargoyles.
Georgian Style
Georgian
The dominant Style
style of -architecture
The dominant
in Englandstyle of architecture in England during the 18th
during
century, named
the 18th century, Georgian
named Georgianafter
after the reignsof of the three King Georges from 1714 to
the reigns
the three
1820. King Georges from 1714 to 1820.
Inspired by the ideals of Andrea Palladio (1508-80)and
Inspired by the
roman classical ideals ofpopularized
architecture Andrea Palladio
by Robert (1508-80)and roman classical
Adam (1728-1792).
architecture In the USA,by
popularized Georgian
RobertisAdamsimilar (1728-1792). In the USA, Georgian is
to and is also referred to as Federal. In New England,
similar to and is also referred to as Federal. In New England, Colonial
Colonial architecture is also referred to as “Georgian”.
architecture
GFRC (glass fiber is also referred
reinforced to asis“Georgian.”.
concrete) uniquely GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete)
suited to the is uniquely
replication suited to
of Georgian the
style replication of Georgian style architectural
architectural
elements, including
elements, including Georgian
Georgian stylecolumns,
style GFRC, GFRC, columns, capitals, fireplace mantles,
capitals, fireplace mantles, cornice, entryways, window
cornice, entryways, window and door surrounds, balustrade, ceilings, garden
and door surrounds, balustrade, ceilings, garden
urns andplanters,
urns and planters, cupolas,
cupolas, domes,domes,
dormers, dormers,
quoins, quoins, porticos, keystones, etc.
porticos, keystones, etc. Gothic revival style facade in architectural fiberglass
Gibbs Surround - A window or door surround Gothic revival
with style façade in alternating
rusticated architectural fiberglass
large
and small blocks of stone. Named afterArchitectural
Stromberg the Scottish architect James Gibbs (1682-
Products
Grapevine - A type of ornament either running or enclose
1754),www.4stromberg.com
considered by many to be the most influential
903.454.0904 church
of the grape vine architect
with leaves, in London
info@4stromberg.com
and clusters of grapes. Used a
Grapevine - Hearth Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 36
Grapevine Guilloche
A type of ornament either running or enclosed usually Type of ornament consisting of circular openings created
consisting of the grape vine with leaves, and clusters of by two or more curved bands overlapping each other
grapes. Used as a decorative element for cornices and in a continuous series. Guilloche details in GFRC and
interior moldings. Architectural Fiberglass are generally used in cornice,
banding or moldings.
Greek Key
Also known as Greek fret. A running ornament that Half Baluster
resembles the head of an old-fashioned skeleton key, When a balustrade connects to a wall, pier or plinth, a
and usually formed bands and moldings arranged in half baluster may be used. Also known as an engaged
rectangular forms. The Greek key pattern is frequently baluster.
used in GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and
GFRP (architectural fiberglass) cornice, molding and Half Column
door surrounds in the Greek revival style. Column that is engaged to wall projects from the wall
by about one half its diameter. GFRC (glass fiber
Greek Revival Style reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass)
Style architecture based on ancient Greek forms in half columns are available in all of the classical orders
architecture such as the Greek orders (Doric, Ionic and (Doric, Tuscan, Ionic, Corinthian) is will is custom
Corinthian). Buildings in the Greek revival style were column styles and sizes.
generally rectangular in shape or a combination of
rectangles. GFRC and Architectural Fiberglass elements Head
produced the Greek revival style include raked cornice, The head is the top horizontal cross member of a door,
classical pediments, anthemion, dentils and egg and window, fireplace surround or other opening. Window
dart molding. Greek revival style columns in GFRC Head and- The
door headheads inhorizontal
is the top GFRC cross
andmember
Architectural Fiberglass
of a door, window, fireplace
(glass fiber and first concrete) and GFRP (Architectural may be plain or ornamented.
surround or other opening. Window and door heads in GFRC and Architectural
vival style - Style architecture based on ancient Greek forms in Fiberglass may be plain or ornamented.
Fiberglass)
re such include
as the Greek ordersround
(Doric,orIonic
square
andcolumns especially
Corinthian). Buildings in
Doric
revival stylecolumns, Ionicrectangular
were generally columns and Corinthian
in shape columns. of
or a combination
Greek
GFRC revival styleFiberglass
and Architectural entryways in GFRC
elements (glass
produced fiber
the Greek
e include raked cornice, classical pediments, anthemion,
reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) dentils and
rt molding. Greek revival style columns in GFRC (glass fiber and first
generally wide and imposing and framed by pilasters or
and GFRP (Architectural Fiberglass) include round or square columns
Doricengaged
columns,columns.
Ionic columns and Corinthian columns. Greek revival
ways in GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
Grille
ural fiberglass) generally wide and imposing and framed by pilasters or
olumns.
A grating or pierced panel, used to cover, decorate
or protect
grating anpanel,
or pierced opening.
used to GFRC (glass fiber
cover, decorate reinforced
or protect an opening.
ss fiber reinforced
concrete) concrete)
and GFRP and GFRP (architectural
fiberglass) grillesgrilles
can be produced in a variety of sizes and shapes.
(or grills) can be produced in a variety of sizes and
shapes.
Groin Vault
Formed by two barrel vaults
intersecting. The groin is the Hearth
edge or ridge where the two The part
Hearth of ofthe
- The part fireplace
the fireplace floor floor thatinto
that extends extends
the room. into
GFRC the
(glass
fiber reinforced concrete) being noncombustible, makes an ideal material for a
vaults intersect. GFRC (glass room.hearth.
fireplace GFRC (glass
When used as a fiber
hearth, reinforced concrete)
glass fiber reinforced being
concrete is
fiber reinforced concrete) being noncombustible, makes an ideal material for a fireplace
typically cast solid or has ribbing added to the underside. The hearth is buttered
full with mortar, and is set in a full mortar bed.
relatively light and moldable, is hearth. When used as a hearth, glass fiber reinforced
Hearthstone - The stone or stone like part of the fireplace floor that extends
a perfectly suitable material for concrete
into the room. is typically
Synonymous cast
with solid
hearth or has
although ribbingtypically
a hearthstone added to
refers
to a one piece stone or (GFRC) hearth. When used as a hearth, glass fiber
the production of barrel vaults the underside. The hearth is buttered full with mortar,
reinforced concrete is typically cast solid or has ribbing added to the underside.
and groined vaults. and
The is set
hearth in a full
is buttered mortar
full with bed.
mortar, and is set in a full mortar bed.
High relief - A type of bas-relief were the sculpted or molded figures project to
vault - Formed by two barrel vaults intersecting.Stromberg
The groin isArchitectural
the edge Products
a larger degree from the background plane. Also known as alto-relievo. For the
here the twowww.4stromberg.com
vaults intersect. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) reproduction of bas-relief in glass fiber reinforced concrete or architectural
ively light and moldable, is a perfectly suitable material for the fiberglass, a model is produced in clay, wood or plaster. A mold is then made
Hearthstone - Ionic Capital Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 37
Hearthstone Hood Molding

The stone or stone like part of the fireplace floor that Protecting molding over a door or window, usually
extends into the room. Synonymous with hearth intended to direct rainwater from the face of the wall.
although a hearthstone typically refers to a one piece The term hood molding is generally used when the
stone or (GFRC) hearth. When used as a hearth, glass molding is arched and is known as a label molding if it
fiber reinforced concrete is typically cast solid or has extends horizontally above the opening. Typical of the
ribbing added to the underside. The hearth is buttered Chateau, English country, and Italianate Styles.
full with mortar, and is set in a full mortar bed.
Horseshoe Arch
High Relief A rounded arch consisting of more than half a circle,
A type of bas-relief were the sculpted or molded figures so that the widest span of the arch is larger than the
project to a larger degree from the background plane. opening at the bottom of the arch.
Also known as alto-relievo. For the reproduction of bas-
relief in glass fiber reinforced concrete or architectural Impost
fiberglass, a model is produced in clay, wood or plaster. A decorative element found at the spring point of an
A mold is then made using silicone rubber and a hard arch.
shell of fiberglass. Once the mold is removed from the
model, the GFRC or Architectural Fiberglass are cast. Intercolumniation
Depending on the size of the glass fiber reinforced The clear span between two adjacent columns in a
concrete or GFRP bas relief, a metal armature on the row of columns. Measured at the base of the column
interior, generally galvanized or stainless steel, may be shafts. If the space is 1 ½ column diameters it is known
then
cast in.sand blasted
The casting is thenor
sandacid washed
blasted to remove
or acid washed the cement
as pycnostyle. filmis from
If the space the surface
two column diameters isof
the glassthefiber
to remove cement reinforced concrete
film from the surface of theand
glass to obtain
known the desired
as systyle. 2 ¼ columnfinish.
diameters is known as
fiber reinforced concrete and to obtain the desired eustyle. Column spacing of three column diameters is
Honeysuckle
finish. Ornament known as diastyle. And column spacing of four column
diameters is known as areostyle.
Honeysuckle Ornament
Hood - Horizontal element or covering above a door or window that provides

Hood
shade or element
Horizontal shelterororcovering
a decorative
above a element.
door or Above a fireplace or cooking area, the
hood
windowis a provides
that covering over
shade the fireplace
or shelter or grill
or a decorative Ionic that
Capitaldiverts smoke up the chimney.
element. Above a fireplace or cooking area, the hood is The column capital of the Ionic order. The volutes on
Hood
a coveringmolding - Protecting
over the fireplace molding
or grill that diverts smoke over
Ionic a order
doorcapital
this column or window,
- Oneresemble a usually
stylized
of the five orders intended
form
of of rams’ to
classical a
direct rainwater from the face of the wall.
up the chimney. The
horns or term
nautilushood
shells. molding is generally
takes its name from Ionia, the Greek name for tho
used when the molding is arched and iswere known as by
settled a label
peoplemolding if it extends
of Greek origin (now mode
horizontally above the opening. Typical“volutes” on its capital
of the Chateau resemble
, English rams’ horns,
country, and but
other natural spirals, from the nautilus, the lotus f
Italianate Styles.
To the ancient Greeks, the slim proportions and e
Ionic Order - Jeffersonian Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 38
Ionic Order Italianate Style

One of the five orders of classical architecture. The Style architecture influenced by Italian villas. GFRC
Ionic Order takes its name from Ionia, the Greek name (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
for those parts of Asia Minor which were settled by fiberglass) Italianate elements include columns,
people of Greek origin (now modern day Turkey). The balustrade, belt courses, balustraded balconies,
curls or “volutes” on its capital resemble rams’ horns, projecting cornices with decorative brackets and corner
but may have been derived from other natural spirals, quoins. Roof cupolas, belvedere and domes, brackets
from the nautilus, the lotus flower or seashells. and other Italianate GFRC and GFRP elements are
To the ancient Greeks, the slim proportions and elegance available.
of the Ionic Column represented the female form, while
the sturdiness and simpler details of the Doric Column Italian Renaissance Revival
represented the male. Architectural style influenced by the Renaisance
Ionic columns were widely used by the Romans, and palazzi of Italy. Appropriate GFRC and Architectural
the style was adapted and used by Robert Adams. Ionic Fiberglass elements include an elaborate belt course
columns are found in architecture of the Classical Style, between stories, rusticated corner quoins, pilasters and
Adams Style, Federal Style, Neo Classical style into the a large cornice. Rounded arches, balcony balustrade
present. and frequently rooftop balusters and balustrade are also
Ionic columns are typically slender, at 8 to 12 diameters featured. Door and window surrounds often featured
in height (a 1’ diameter column would be 8’ to 12’ pedimented heads.
tall). GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP
(architectural fiberglass) Ionic columns are available Jack Arch
from stock molds in column shaft sizes of even diameter The Jack arch is the same as a flat arch.
(12”, 14”, 16” etc.). Column shafts may be made in
halves to wrap a structural member or made in stacking Jamb
sections. Column shafts may also be one piece if they Jamb is the name for one of the vertical members on
are small enough to be transported. either side of a door, window or fireplace surround.
Jeffersonian
arch. GFRC and Architectural Fiberglass keyston
Also known as Jeffersonian classicism or the Jeffersonian
style, is a style architecture based on architecture of
Thomas Jefferson. It features many elements of the
classical revival style. GFRC (glass fiber reinforced
concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberglass) elements
that are available in the classical revival style include
triangular pediments, columns in the Doric or Tuscan
Strombergby
Italianate style - Style architecture influenced Architectural Products
Italian villas. GFRC (glass
fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural
www.4stromberg.com fiberglass) Italianate elements
triglyphs, fireplace surrounds,
door surrounds, moldings,
Glossary of Architectural Terms
Jeffersonian - Light Cove Page 39
cornice, fireplace mantles and
Jeffersonian - continued balustrade.
Light Cove
order, Roman Ionic and Corinthian orders. Dentils,Keystone A -molding with a recess for concealed lighting.
The wedge-shaped
block at the top center of an
triglyphs, fireplace surrounds, door surrounds, moldings,
arch. GFRC
cornice, and Architectural
fireplace mantles andFiberglass keystones may be plain or embellished.
balustrade.
Keystone
The wedge-shaped block at the top center of an arch.
GFRC and Architectural Fiberglass keystones may be
plain or
Label embellished.
molding - An exterior horizontal molding, generally above a window or
door, used to direct rainwater from the face of the wall and the opening below.
Label Molding
Lancet arch - A pointed, Gothic style arch.
An exterior horizontal molding, generally above a
window or door, used to direct rainwater from the face
of the wall and the opening below.
Lancet arches Column
Column inin
Column in architectu
architectural
fiberglass withcapital
with a GFRG a GFRG and capital
GFRG an
Lancet Arch
Lancet window - A narrow window shaped like a Lancet arch. light cove.
A pointed, Gothic style arch.
Lancet Window
A narrow window shaped like a Lancet arch.
Exterior GFRC light cove
Lintel - A horizontal shape above the door or window op

fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP (architectural fiberg
structural in and of themselves, but are used to wrap and
structural lintels.
Exterior GFRC
Lancet Windows
Lancet Windows light cove

Light Cove- A molding with a recess for concealed lighting.
www.4stromberg.com 903.454.0904 Exterior GFRC light
info@4stromberg.com
Lintel - Pavillion Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 40
Lintel Neoclassical Style

A horizontal shape above the door or window opening. A reinterpretation of classical Greek and Roman
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) and GFRP architecture. Neoclassical style includes Classical
(architectural fiberglass) lintels are not structural in and revival style, Greek revival style and Federal style.
of themselves, but are used to wrap and protect steel or Characteristics of the neoclassical style include large
concrete structural lintels. porticos and columns of the Greek and Roman orders.
Columns and pilasters of the Corinthian, Ionic and
Doric order.
Neoclassical Style - A reinterpretation of classical Greek and Roman
architecture. Neoclassical style includes Classical revival style, Greek revival style
and Federal style. Characteristics of the neoclassical style include large porticos
Order
and columns of the Greek and Roman orders. Columns and pilasters of the
In classical
Corinthian Greek
, Ionic and architecture the orders are Doric,
Doric order.
Ionic and Corinthian.

Order - In classical Greek architecture the orders are Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
The Romans added the Tuscan and Composite. Each
The Romans added the Tuscan and Composite. Each order caries its own
order carries
entablature, columnits
andown entablature, column and base.
Loggia
Loggia - An elaborate gallery or porch that is either connected to or contained
inside a larger structure. It is either colonnaded or arcaded and usually placed in
An elaborate
a prominent gallery
location. Loggias are openor porch
to the that
outside on at leastis
oneeither
side, to connected
provide a protected outdoor rest area. When colonnaded loggias are open on only
to or they
one side, contained
typically feature inside a oposite
pilasters on the larger wall. structure. It is either
Loggias may feature
balusters between the columns. GFRC columns for Loggias are available in all the
colonnaded
classical orders includingor tuscanarcaded and ionic
columns, doric columns, usuallycolumns andplaced in a
corinthian columns and with smooth or fluted columns shafts.
prominent location. Loggias are open to the outside
Molding
on at least one side, to provide a protected outdoor
rest area. When colonnaded loggias are open on
only one side, they typically feature pilasters on the
opposite wall. Loggias may feature balusters between Palladian Window
Palladian Window - Style of window that consists of three parts: A large
the columns. GFRC columns for Loggias are available Style top
arched ofcentral
windowwindow that consists
with two of three
smaller rectangular parts:
windows A large
on either side
usually toped by lintels.
in all the classical orders including Tuscan columns, arched top central window with two smaller rectangular
Palm Capital - A type of column capital that resembles the crown of a palm
Doric columns, Ionic columns and Corinthian columns windows on either side usually toped by lintels.
tree.
Pavilion - 1. An ornamented structure in the garden. 2. It detached or semi
and with smooth or fluted columns shafts. detached structure used for specialized activities or entertainment, at a park, a
Palm
fair Capital
or event. 3. A pronounced structure projecting from the building façade.
Molding A type of column capital that resembles the crown of a
palm tree.
Pavilion
1. An ornamented
structure in the
garden. 2. A
detached or
semi detached
structure used
for specialized
activities or
entertainment,
at a park, a fair or event. 3. A pronounced structure
projecting from the building facade.
Pedestal - In classical architecture th
columns, and consists of three parts th
base or plinth.
www.4stromberg.com 903.454.0904 Pedimentinfo@4stromberg.com
- A triangular shaped gabl
Pedestal - Plinth Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 41
Pedestal Peristyle
In classical architecture the pedestal was the support A colonnaded walkway surrounding the exterior of the
for the columns, and consists of three parts the cornice building or an open area.
or cap; the central dado; and the base or plinth.
Pilaster
Pediment
Pedestal A flat column or pillar, attached to a wall.
- In classical architecture the pedestal was the support for the
columns, and consists
A triangular shaped of gable
three parts the cornice
consisting of aor cap; the central
tympanum withdado; and the
base or plinth.
raked cornices on either side. In classical architecture
Pediment - A triangular
the pediment shaped
was the lowgable consistinggable,
triangular of a tympanum
usuallywith raked
cornices on either side. In classical architecture the pediment was the low
above agable,
triangular door,usually
a window,
above aor crowning
door, a window,a or
portico.
crowning a portico.
Pendant Drop
Pendant drop - A suspended carved element.
A suspended carved element.
Pendentive - The curved transition wall surface between a dome, or a dome
drum, and the wall below.
Pendentive
Pentastyle - A portico with five columns.
The curved transition wall surface between a dome, or
Pergola - An open garden structure designed for the support of climbing plants.
a dome Architectural Fiberglass Corinthian pilaster
Design withdrum, and
regularly the wall
spaced below.
columns or post. Architectural Fiberglass Corinthian pilaster
Pentastyle Pineapple Ornament
A portico with five columns. The carved element that resembles a pineapple or a
Pineapple ornament - The carved element that resem
pine cone. Pineappleornaments
pine cone. Pineapple ornamentsare aresaid
saidtotobebe
thethe
symb
Pergola symbol of hospitality.
Pineapple ornamentsPineapple ornaments
are used as are
finials for usedoraspier
gates
An open garden finials for gates or pier caps, or over doorways.
structure designed for Pinnacle - A tapered upright structure rising from the r
as a finial.
the support of climbing Pinnacle
plants. Design with Plaque
A tapered - Inscribed tablet fixed
upright structure to from
rising the surface
the roof of aofwall.
a
regularly spaced building or used as a finial.
Plinth - The bottom most square or rectangular base of
columns or post. pedestal or pier.
Plaque
Polychromed - 1. Masonry pattern of contrasting color
Inscribed tablet fixed
bands across the façade to the surface of
or banded a wall.windows or d
arches,
up of a variety of colors to emphasize the difference betw
Plinth cochère - The covered entry way for an automob
Porte
The bottom
arriving most from
by vehicle square or rectangular
inclement weather. base of a
Pergola with climbing
roses column, pilaster pedestal or pier.
Pergola with climbing roses
www.4stromberg.com
Peristyle 903.454.0904
- A colonnaded walkway surrounding the exterior of the building or info@4stromberg.com
an open area.
Q
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) and Glassstyle
Prairie Fiber- A
Reinforced Polymer architectural
uniquely American (GFRP) style, associated w
Polychromed - Quoin Quatrefoil
Glossary of Architectural -
Terms A four lobed, clover shaped
works of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan.pattern, most Page
common
42 in
Venetian, and Gothic revival architecture
Polychromed Q
1. Masonry pattern of contrasting colors, such as
horizontal bands across the facade or banded arches, Quatrefoil - A four lobed, clover shaped pattern, most common in G
Venetian, and Gothic revival architecture
windows or doorways. 2. Surface made up of a variety
of colors to emphasize the difference between various
elements.
Porte Cochère
The covered entry way for an automobile to protect the
people arriving by vehicle from inclement weather.
Window
Windowsurround
surroundininglass
glassfiber
fiberreinforced stone
reinforced bybyStromberg
stone Stromberg
Quoin - Stone set at the external corner of a building, used to accent
Quoin
Stone set
Window at theinexternal
surround glass fibercorner of astone
reinforced building, used to
by Stromberg
accentuate
Quoin - Stonecorner.
set at the external corner of a building, used to accent
Portico
Covered entrance
Architectural fiberglass with a roof
ceiling supported
medallion by deco
in art columns,
style
and usually
Portico - Coveredwith a with
entrance pediment above.
a roof supported by columns, and usually with a
pediment above.
Prairie Style
A uniquely American architectural style, associated
worth the works of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis
Sullivan.
Quatrefoil
A four lobed, clover shaped pattern, most common in
Gothic, Venetian, and Gothic revival architecture.

Rain Screen - Segmental Arch Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 43
Rain Screen Rope Molding

A cladding method designed to minimize rain water The molding carved or shaped to resemble a twisted
intrusion into walls. The GFRC and Architectural rope.
Fiberglass rain screen systems combine a vented
exterior cladding, an air cavity / drainage layer and a Rosette
water resistant support wall. Square or round pattern with a central floral motif.
Rotunda
The circular space in a building, especially when
covered by a dome.
Round Dormer
A dormer with a circular window.
Roundel
Circular window, panel or decorative element.
Running Ornament
Running ornament refers to any ornaments in which
the design is repetitive and continuous.
Rusticated Stone
Type of stone masonry with strongly emphasized
recessed joints. Each individual masonry unit may have
its edges chamfered or otherwise tooled to accentuate
the joints.
Scallop
Series with continuous curves, made up of semi circular
segments and resembling the shell of the scallop.
RafterTail
Rafter tail - The rafter tail is the external part of the Rafter that overhangs the
Scotia
wall at the eaves.
The rafter tail is the external part of the Rafter that Deep concave shaped molding. Especially refers to the
Raked - Term
overhangs the used
wall to
at describe
the eaves.a cornice or a molding that is inclined.
concaveFor
shape of a classical column base.
example the raked cornice of a triangular pediment.
Return - The right-angle turn of a molding. A cast stone molding
Raked Scroll
with a return is
one that makes a right angle turn back to the wall as a way of terminating
Term used to describe a cornice or a molding that is A spiral formed the ornamental shape, either as part of a
molding. running ornament, or as part of a volute as on an Ionic
inclined. For example the raked cornice of a triangular
Reveal - The exposed edge portion of molding between its outer
pediment. capital or bracket.
face and a
groove or opening, such as a window or door.
Rope molding - The molding carved or shaped to resemble aSecond
Return Empire Style
twisted rope.
The right-angle turn of a molding. A cast stone molding An architectural style named after the French second
Rosette - Square or round pattern with a central floral motif Empire of Napoleon III.
with a return is one that makes a right angle turn back
Rotunda - The circular space in a building, especially when covered by a dome.
to the wall as a way of terminating the molding.
Round dormer - A dormer with a circular window. Segmental Arch
Roundel - Circular window, panel or decorative element.
Reveal An arch where the head is less than a full half circle,
The exposed edge portion of molding between its outer but is only a segment of a circle. Historically, segmental
face and a groove or opening, such as a window or arches are most often found in Georgian style, Italianate
door. style, Spanish colonial and Federal style architecture.

Segmental Dormer - Springer Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 44
Segmental Dormer Spandrel

A dormer with an arched roof. The name is derived from 1. In modern high-rise construction, the wall panel
the dormers roof being a segment of a circle. located between the top of one window at one story
and the bottom of the window above it at the next story.
Segmental Pediment Can be made of GFRC, architectural fiberglass, stone,
A pediment above a roof or window which has a metal, or glass. 2. The triangular shaped area between
rounded top, in other words, a segment of a circle. Also two arches or between an arch and a wall.
known as a curved pediment.
Spanish Colonial Architecture (American)
Semicircular Arch The architectural style of the Spanish missions, and
An arch with a semicircular head. settlements of the American Southwest. Also known as
Mission Architecture. Common architectural elements
Semicircular Fanlight include columns, domes, canales (water spouts through
A fanlight, semicircular in shape, usually over the main the roof parapet,) vigas, carved rafter tails and low relief
entry door. carved door surrounds and window surrounds. Other
features sometimes used are decorative cornices and
Semicircular Window corbels and columns and pilasters along a long covered
A window with a semicircular head or a window having portale (porch) or arcade, balconies and loggias.
the shape of a semicircle.
Spiral Stair
Simielliptical Arch A stairway with approximately wedge-shaped treads,
An arch in the shape of half of an ellipse. circular in plan. Also known as a helical stair, circular
stair or caracole.
Sexfoil
In tracery, a window or foil with six cusps. From the Spire
French word “foil” meaning “leaf”. A leaf-shaped curve Any tall slender pointed roof element. Spires or steeples
or lobe, formed between points called cusps inside an may be architectural fiberglass or GFRC. Spires are
arch or circle. Used in Gothic style tracery windows. generally of one piece construction or made in segments
Also in fountain pools having the sexfoil shape in for bolting to the structure. The architectural fiberglass
plan. or GFRC skin wraps a steel framework.
Shell-headed Splayed Lintel
An architectural element that resembles half a scallop A lintel with a top
shell, used as the head of a niche, or as a decorative dimension larger than the
element. bottom dimension, so that
each end slants upwards
Sill Course
away from the center line
A banding that wraps a building horizontally at the
of the window.
height of the window sills.
Springer
Soffit Also known as the springing
The underside of point is the place where
any architectural the arch begins and were
component that the curved arch rests on the
is overhead, vertical support below. The
including the Springer is also the term for
exposed underside the first or lowest voussoirs
of a beam, arch, or stones of an arch.
balcony, lintel or
cornice.
Spandrel - 1. In modern high-rise construction, the wall panel located
betweenthe top of one window at one story and the bottom of the window above
it at the next story. Can be made of GFRC, architectural fiberglass, stone, metal, Stromberg Architectural Products
or glass. 2. The triangular shaped area between two arches or between an arch Splayed lintel - A lintel with a top dimension larger than the bottom
and a wall. www.4stromberg.com 903.454.0904 info@4stromberg.com
dimension, so that each end slants upwards away from the center line of the
window.
Stair Bracket - Terra•Cotta Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 45
Stair Bracket Supercolumniation

The decorative detail at the end of each step in a Also known as superposition, refers to the placing
stairway. of one order of classical columns above another. For
example Doric columns at the first floor and Ionic at
Standing Seam the second floor directly above them.
A raised rib at roofing panels or dome Segments.
Surround
Steeple Frame or decorative element around a doorway, a
A tall slender structure, generally above a church tower window or a fireplace. See door surround, fireplace
or a cupola. Usually topped by a small spire or cross. surround or window surround.
Steeples may be GFRP (architectural fiberglass) or
GFRC. Swag
A decorative element representing a garland of ribbons,
draped fabric, flowers or fruit, appearing to be tied at
the end and draping down in the middle.
Swan’s-neck Pediment
A pediment with a sloping S-shaped element on either
side. The name comes from the S-shaped pediment
tops that are somewhat similar to the necks two swans
facing each other.
Terra-Cotta
Architectural terra-cotta is a Clay which is been molded
and shape, fired in a kiln and glazed. Terra-cotta was
used as a facing on buildings in America mostly from
around 1860
Swan’s-neck pedimentuntil the 1930s.
- A pediment In historic
with a sloping restorations,
S-shaped element on
because of difficulties in replacing terra-cotta,
either side. The name comes from the S-shaped pediment tops that are
somewhat similar to the necks two swans facing each other.
color
matching and durability issues, GFRC (glass fiber
Design of a architectural fiberglass (GFRP) or GFRC steeple. T
Design of a architectural fiberglass (GFRP) or (GFRC) steeple reinforced concrete) or FRP (fiber reinforced polymer)
Terra-cotta - Architectural terra-cotta is a Clay which is been molded and
Stepped arch - An arch with voussoirs (stones) cut horizontally or vertically so is often used as the terra-cotta replacement. Stromberg
shape, fired in a kiln and glazed. Terra-cotta was used as a facing on buildings in
that they line up with the masonry courses.
Stepped Arch produces
America mostlya special
from glazed
around 1860 GFRC
until the 1930s. Inand a restorations,
historic fiberglass (FRP)
because of difficulties in replacing terra-cotta, color matching and durability
An arch with voussoirs (stones) cut horizontally issues,
Stepped gable - A gable with the stepped edge. which closely resembles glazed terra-cotta. Custom
GFRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) or FRP (fiber reinforced polymer)
or vertically
Sullivanesque - Theso
termthat they
used to line
describe up with
architectural stylethe masonry GFRC
and decorative
is often used as the terra-cotta replacement. Stromberg produces a special glazed
colorandmatching is which
a fiberglass (FRP) available, and new
closely resembles GFRC elements
glazed terra-cotta. Custom
designs created by Louis H. Sullivan, the American architect.
courses. can
color be created
matching is with
available, and molds
new GFRC taken
elements canfrom
be existing
created with molds
taken from existing terra-cotta, or from historic drawings and photographs if the
terra-
Sun disk. The Egyptian emblem of the sun, a disk with wings. Sometimes used cotta, or
terra-cotta no from historic drawings and photographs if the
longer exists.
as a decorative element or window head in Egyptian revival architecture.
Stepped Gable terra-cotta no longer exists.
A gable with the
Supercolumniation stepped
- Also known asedge.
superposition, refers to the placing of one
order of classical columns above another. For example Doric columns at the first
floor and Ionic at the second floor directly above them.
Sullivanesque
Surround - Frame or decorative element around a doorway, a window or a
The term
fireplace. See doorused tofireplace
surround, describe architectural
surround style and
or window surround.
decorative designs created by Louis H. Sullivan, the
Swag - A decorative element representing a garland of ribbons, draped fabric,
American
flowers architect.
or fruit, appearing to be tied at the end and draping down in the middle.
Sun Disk
The Egyptian emblem of the sun, a disk with wings.
Sometimes used as a decorative element or window
head in Egyptian revival architecture.

Tongue-and-dart molding - A decorative molding that features alternating
tongue like shapes and dart like shapes. Similar to egg and dart.
Tongue-and-art Molding - Trefoil Arch Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 46
Tongue-and-art Molding
A decorative molding that features alternating tongue
like shapes and dart like shapes. Similar to egg and
dart.
Torus
A projecting, convex molding, which forms the “ring”
at the base of a column. Architectural columns of the
Corinthian and Ionic order typically have the “Attic”
style base with two rings. The Tuscan column base has
a single torus.
Stromberg Architectural
Stromberg Architectural Fiberglass Fiberglass tracery being i
tracery being installed
Trefoil
A three lobed pattern in a foil. From the French word
Trefoil - A three lobed pattern in a foil. From the
“foil” meaning “leaf”. A leaf-shaped curve or lobe,
“leaf”.
formedAbetween
leaf-shaped
points curve or lobe,
called cusps formed
inside betwee
an arch or
arch
circle.orUsed
circle. Used style
in Gothic in Gothic
tracerystyle tracery window
windows.
Trefoil arch - A pointed arch with three centers

Trefoil Arch
A pointed arch with three centers.
Torus on a Tuscan style column base in Coral Stone texture

Available in GFRC, GRG or architectural fiberglass (GFRP)
Torus on a tuscan style column base in coral stone texture. Available in GFRC,
Tower
GRG or architectural fiberglass (GFRP)
Torus
A tall,on a tuscan style
horizontal column
structure base in coral stone texture. Available in GFRC,
or building.
GRG or architectural fiberglass (GFRP)
Tower - A tall, horizontal structure or building.
Tower - A tall, horizontal structure or building.
Tracery - Lacelike shapes, most often found in Gothic architecture, that create a
Tracery
Lace like
pattern
Tracery shapes,
in -windows most
Lacelike and often found
other
shapes, in Gothic
openings.
most often architecture,
found in Gothic architecture, that create a
that create a pattern in windows and other openings. Trefoil arch in architectural
pattern in windows and other openings. fiberglass
Stromberg Architectural
TrefoilProducts
arch in architectural fiberglass
Trellis - Volute Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 47
Trellis Tuscan Order

An open lattice or grate for the support of vines and The Tuscan Order was the simplest of the Classical
other climbing plants. Orders. It developed from Etruscan and early Roman
temples. The column capitals and bases are simpler
Triangular Arch than those of the other orders and the shaft is not
A simple arch with no curves, created by two diagonal fluted. Palladio recommended that its plainness made
elements meeting at a point. it suitable for use in buildings of utilitarian function.
Triangular Dormer Tuscan Villa Style

A dormer with a triangular roof. A style derived from the villas of Tuscany, similar to the
Italionate style, but symmetrical in plan.
Triglyph
A Doric frieze ornament, consisting of a rectangular
Tympanum
block with two V shaped grooves and two half V grooves
The triangular space in a pediment. Enclosed by the
on either edge. Trigyphs alternate with sculptured or
horizontal cornice, and the sloping, diagonal sides. The
plain blocks called metopes. Used in Greek architecture
tympanum may be plain, or may feature a decorative
and the Greek Revival style.
element, window, or other embellishment.
Trim
The framing or edging of openings and other features Vault
on a building, including window surrounds, cornices, A structure composed of an arrangement of arches that
base moldings and casings. form a covering over a space.
Turret Veneer
A cylindrical tower, often corbelled on the corner of a A facing of brick, cast stone, GFRC, Architectural
larger structure. Usually with a conical roof. Fiberglass or other material that forms a durable,
decorative surface over a structure, but is not load
bearing itself.
Vermiculated Work
From the Latin for worm, Vermiculated surfaces have
a series of wavy, disconnected grooves that resemble
worms or the tracks of worms.
V-joint
A joint in mortar or sealant with a V shaped groove.
Volute
A spiral shape, as on an Ionic column capital. From the
Volute - A spiral shape, as on an Ionic column capital. From the La
Latin Volutus
for turned. for are
Volutes turned. Volutes
also used on theare also ofused
capitals on the an
the Corinthian
capitals
column. of the Corinthian and Composite column.
Voussoir
Stromberg Architectural - The term for one of the blocks or units that make up an
Products
www.4stromberg.com voussoir is the keystone. The lowest
903.454.0904 voussoir is the springer.
info@4stromberg.com
Voussoir - Window Surround Glossary of Architectural Terms Page 48
Window crown - The uppe
Voussoir Window Crown
The term for one of the blocks or units that make up The upper part of a window
Voussoir - The term for one of the blocks or units that make up an arch. The
Window
top
suchsurround - The
as a pediment or m
an arch. The top voussoir is the keystone. The lowest hood.
voussoir is the keystone. The lowest voussoir is the springer.
voussoir is the springer.
Window Surround
The molding that
surrounds a window.
Window crown - The upper part of a window such as a pediment or hood.
Window surround - The molding that surrounds a window.
GFRG Voussoir
GFRG Voussoirarcharch.
Wainscot
W
The covering for the lower part of a wall.
Wainscot - The covering for the lower part of a wall.
Wheel Window
Wheel
Circular window - Circular
window divided window
by tracery divided
similar by spokes
to the tracery similar to the spokes of a
wheel. Generally
of a wheel. found
Generally in churches
found and and
in churches in gothic architecture and its derivatives.
in Gothic
architecture and its derivatives.
Disclaimer for Use: Non-permitted Uses: liability, of whatever nature, the liability
We have published this Architectural Without the express written consent of is LIMITED to compensatory damages
glossary as a service to you, and the Stromberg Architectural Products, Inc. of a maximum amount not to exceed
other architects, designers, owners and you may not use the Photos for any $500.00 and there shall be no liability for
purpose other than the permitted uses consequential or punitive damages.
contractors like you, who have become
described above.
our clients and friends over the past
20 years. I hope you find them useful. Warranty: Notice:
If you don’t see what you need here, Stromberg Architectural Products, Inc. its Descriptions and specifications contained
employees, suppliers and agents, make herein were in effect at the time
contact us and we will be happy to help
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you. If you use our drawings, details or
regarding the quality, content, form, continuing effort to refine and improve
specifications, we would appreciate your
performance, fitness for purpose, products, Stromberg reserves the right
including us as an approved supplier on
merchantability or otherwise, regarding to discontinue products at any time or
your project. this glossary. You utilize this glossary at change specifications and/or designs
YOUR OWN RISK and Stromberg has without incurring any liability or
Permitted Uses: and shall have no responsibility for your obligation. Application details are for
This glossary, unless used by an utilization of this glossary. illustration purposes only, and may not
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Stromberg has NO LIABILITY, express or
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s t r o m b e r g Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC)

Architectural products Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)

4400 oneal street • greenville, tx 75401

gfrc | gfrp | gfrg | cast stone | marble | bronze

Abacus Abrasive Hardness

Abacus of a Roman Ionic Column Capital cast in GFRC

Stromberg Architectural Products

Corinthian column capital in architectural fiberglass (GFRP)

External links for more information:

Stromberg Architectural Products

National Council of Acoustical Consultants

Adam Style Fireplace Mantel in GFRC

Stromberg Architectural Products

American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA)

American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)

Anchor Screw anchor attachment of GFRC cornice

Stone type anchors for

Stromberg Architectural Products

Anchors for architectural fiberglass are similar to GFRC

Ancon (a console or scroll shaped Pediments at Caesars, Las Vegas

Stromberg Architectural Products

Anthemion design on a raking

Stromberg Architectural Products

Stromberg Architectural Products

Arch cast in Stromberg

Arched Dormer Top: Architectural terra-cotta

Stromberg Architectural Products

Architrave Art Deco

Art deco medallion / ceiling

Carved voussoirs or arch stones. Cast by Stromberg in a custom

Stromberg Architectural Products

Panels in ashlar pattern

Types of Ashlar include:

Ashlar rock-faced: A block whose face has been

Atlantes Back hearth

Stromberg Architectural Products

Balcony with cast arch and balustrade

Stromberg Architectural Products

designed the first simple

Balcony Railing in a Gothic tracery rather than a balustrade

Stromberg Architectural Products

Band or band molding. The horizontal molding,

Balustrade as bridge railing

Balustrade as parapet wall • Architectural Fiberglass (GFRP)

Balustrade at fountain • Style G29 baluster and style W10

Stromberg Architectural Products

Baroque Barrel Vault

Stromberg Architectural Products

Attic column base features Base for a Tuscan column

Architectural fiberglass “wood beam” by Stromberg

Beaux Arts Architecture

Beaux Arts Architecture - continued Bell Tower

The Bell Tower of “Big

Stromberg Architectural Products

Bracket - continued Broach

The re-creating of the form and details of a building,

A projecting element above a door or window that

Architectural fiberglass brick panels, Hershey’s Times Square, New York

Stromberg Architectural Products

Architectural fiberglass ceiling medallion in art deco style

Stromberg Architectural Products

Stromberg Architectural Products

Column The acanthus leaves of the normal Corinthian capital

Coquina - continued Corbel