OVERVIEW SINGKAT

TENTANG BIAYA
OPERASI JAM KERJA
BIMBINGAN TEKNIS AHSP 2019
PADANG, 6 - 7 NOVEMBER 2019
 BIAYA OPERASI JAM KERJA

BERDASARKAN BUKU STANDARISASI ANALISA PEMBANGUNAN JALAN

DAN JEMBATAN TAHUN 1973, BERIKUT ADALAH KOEFISIEN BIAYA
OPERASI JAM KERJA:
1. BAHAN BAKAR : 12% HINGGA15 %
2. PELUMAS : 2,5% HINGGA 3%
3. BIAYA BENGKEL 6,25% HINGGA 8,75%
4. PERAWATAN DAN PERBAIKAN 12,5% HINGGA 17,5%
 REVIEW DARI BEBERAPA LITERATUR
FUEL/BAHAN BAKAR
1. DARI FAO : HTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/3/T0579E/T0579E05.HTM
THE FUEL CONSUMPTION RATE FOR A PIECE OF EQUIPMENT DEPENDS ON THE
ENGINE SIZE, LOAD FACTOR, THE CONDITION OF THE EQUIPMENT, OPERATOR'S
HABIT, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, AND THE BASIC DESIGN OF EQUIPMENT.
TO DETERMINE THE HOURLY FUEL COST, THE TOTAL FUEL COST IS DIVIDED BY
THE PRODUCTIVE TIME OF THE EQUIPMENT. IF FUEL CONSUMPTION RECORDS
ARE NOT AVAILABLE, THE FOLLOWING FORMULA CAN BE USED TO ESTIMATE
LITERS OF FUEL USED PER MACHINE HOUR,

WHERE LMPH IS THE LITERS USED PER MACHINE HOUR, K IS THE KG OF FUEL
USED PER BRAKE HP/HOUR, GHP IS THE GROSS ENGINE HORSEPOWER AT
GOVERNED ENGINE RPM, LF IS THE LOAD FACTOR IN PERCENT, AND KPL IS THE
WEIGHT OF FUEL IN KG/LITER.
 REVIEW DARI BEBERAPA LITERATUR
Weight Fuel Consumption Load Factor
Engine (KPL) (K) (LF)
kg/liter kg/brake hp-hour Low Med High
Gasoline 0.72 0.21 0.38 0.54 0.70
Diesel 0.84 0.17 0.38 0.54 0.70

LMPH :
LOW = 0,077 LITER/HP; MED = 0,1093 LITER/HP; HIGH = 0,142 LITER/HP;
RATA-RATA = 0,1095 LITER/HP

RATA-RATA DARI SPREADSHEET HASIL EXERCISE = 0,1094 LITER/HP,

DIBULATKAN 0,11, DISESUAIKAN MENJADI 10 – 12%
 REVIEW DARI BEBERAPA LITERATUR
FUEL/BAHAN BAKAR
2. DARI DNIT (DEPARTAMENTO NACIONAL DE INFRA-ESTRUTURA DE
TRANSPORTES)
HTTPS://WWW.ACADEMIA.EDU/35125963/COSTS_ANALYSIS_OF_CO
NSTRUCTIONS_HEAVY_EQUIPMENT
DNIT (2003), SHOWS THE AVERAGE DIESEL CONSUMPTION OF 0.151
L/HP IN EQUIPMENT WITH LOWER POWER TO 200 HP AND 0,164 L/HP
EQUIPMENT WITH POWER MORE THAN 200 HP.
KONSUMSI MESIN DIESEL = 0,151 – 0,164 LITER/HP
ASUMSI DEPARTEMEN INFRASTRUKTUR TRANSPORTASI NASIONAL
BRASILIA INI MASIH LEBIH BESAR DARI PEDOMAN KITA YANG ADA
 REVIEW DARI BEBERAPA LITERATUR
FUEL/BAHAN BAKAR
3. DARI BARRINGTON DIESEL CLUB
HTTPS://BARRINGTONDIESELCLUB.CO.ZA/TECHNICAL/FUEL-CONSUMPTION.HTML

RATA-RATA DARI TABEL KONSUMSI MESIN DIESEL = 0,2048 – 0,2155

(MASIH TERLALU BESAR)
 REVIEW DARI BEBERAPA LITERATUR
LUBRICANT (PELUMAS)
1. DARI FAO : HTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/3/T0579E/T0579E05.HTM
IN THE ABSENCE OF LOCAL DATA, THE LUBRICANT CONSUMPTION IN LITERS PER HOUR
FOR SKIDDERS, TRACTORS, AND FRONT-END LOADERS COULD BE ESTIMATED AS :.
• Q = 0.0006 × GHP (CRANKCASE OIL)
• Q = 0.0003 × GHP (TRANSMISSION OIL)
• Q = 0.0002 × GHP (FINAL DRIVES)
• Q = 0.0001 × GHP (HYDRAULIC CONTROLS)
THESE FORMULAS INCLUDE NORMAL OIL CHANGES AND NO LEAKS. THEY SHOULD BE
INCREASED 25 PERCENT WHEN OPERATING IN HEAVY DUST, DEEP MUD, OR WATER. IN
MACHINES WITH COMPLEX AND HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS SUCH AS
FORWARDERS, PROCESSORS, AND HARVESTERS, THE CONSUMPTION OF HYDRAULIC
FLUIDS CAN BE MUCH GREATER. ANOTHER RULE OF THUMB IS THAT LUBRICANTS AND
GREASE COST 5 TO 10 PERCENT OF THE COST OF FUEL.
KONSUMSI MINYAK PELUMAS = (0,0006 + 0,0003 + 0,0002 + 0,0001) = 0.0010 X HP
 REVIEW DARI BEBERAPA LITERATUR
LUBRICANT (PELUMAS)
RATA-RATA DARI SPREAD SHEET EXERCISE = 0,00294 HP
(RENTANG 0,00245 – 0,00343)
MISAL :
• HARGA PELUMAS/LITER : RP 44000
MAKA: 0,00294 X RP 44000 = RP 129,36 / HP
• HARGA SOLAR INDUSTRI RP 14.500
MAKA : 0,11 X RP 14.500 = RP 1.595 / HP
BIAYA PELUMAS = 129,36 / 1.595 = 8,11%, 5 - 10% HARGA BBM,
RULE OF THUMB DIATAS TERPENUHI.
JADI RATA-RATA = 0,00294, DIBULATKAN = 0,0030,
DIAMBIL 0,0025 -0,0035.
 HASIL EXERCISE TAMBAHAN
BIAYA BENGKEL
RATA-RATA DARI SPREAD SHEET EXERCISE = 0,02486
(RENTANG 0,022 – 0,028)

BIAYA PERAWATAN DAN PERBAIKAN

RATA-RATA DARI SPREAD SHEET EXERCISE = 0,07673
(RENTANG 0,064 – 0,090)
 KESIMPULAN
SPESIFIKASI
No. Koefisien Biaya SPESIFIKASI 2010
SPESIFIKASI 2018
Rev.3
1 Bahan Bakar 12%-15% 10%-12%
2 Pelumas 2,5%-3,0% 0,25%-0,35%
3 Biaya Bengkel 6,25%-8,75% 2,2%-2,8%
4 Perawatan dan Perbaikan 12,%-17,5% 6,4%-9,0%