Title Chapter 4 Engineering as Social Experimentation Sub-Titles 4.1 Engineering as Experimentation 4.2 Engineering as Responsible Experimenters 2. What are the Key Learning Points (Main concepts) from this article and how will you apply these key points to yourself? Experimentation is commonly recognized as playing an essential role in the design process, preliminary tests or simulations are conducted from the time it is decided to convert a new engineering concept into its first rough design. Several features of virtually every kind of engineering practice combine to make it appropriate to view engineering projects as experiments. Lack of established channels of communication, misplaced pride in not asking for information, embarrassment at failure or fear of litigation, and plain neglect often impede the flow of such information and lead to many repetitions of past mistakes. Social scientists monitor and collect data on differences and similarities between existing educational systems that were not initially set up as systematic experiments. People act responsibly to the extent that they conscientiously commit themselves to live according to moral values, instead of a consuming preoccupation with a narrowly conceived self-interest. Conscientiousness is blind without relevant factual information, hence showing moral concern involves a commitment to obtain and properly assess all available information that is pertinent to meeting moral obligations. Moral beliefs and attitudes should be held on the basis of critical reflection rather than passive adoption of the particular conventions of one’s society, church, or profession. responsible people accept moral responsibility for their actions, too often “accountable” is understood in the overly narrow sense of being culpable and blameworthy for misdeeds. The legal regulations that apply to engineering and other professions are becoming more numerous and more specific all the time. Standards consist of explicit specifications that, when followed with care, ensure that stated criteria for interchangeability and quality will be attained.