Australasian Journal of Engineering Education

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Asset management competency requirements

in Australian local government: a systematic
literature review

Kylie Munn, Steven Goh, Marita Basson & David Thorpe

To cite this article: Kylie Munn, Steven Goh, Marita Basson & David Thorpe (2021): Asset
management competency requirements in Australian local government: a systematic literature
review, Australasian Journal of Engineering Education, DOI: 10.1080/22054952.2021.1934262

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Published online: 21 Jun 2021.

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AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION
https://doi.org/10.1080/22054952.2021.1934262

Asset management competency requirements in Australian local government:

a systematic literature review
Kylie Munn , Steven Goh , Marita Basson and David Thorpe
Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia

Abstract Keywords
The objective of this systematic literature review was to investigate the current understanding Asset management;
of the competencies needed by Engineering Asset Management personnel in local authorities competencies; Australia;
within Australia. During the development of the search string for the literature review, it was local authority
found that there were no available peer-reviewed articles on Engineering Asset Management
competencies through an Australian local authority lens between January 2010 and
December 2019 within the searched databases.
Based on this, the search string criteria was re-focused onto Engineer Asset Management
competencies within Australia (in general), as the new frame. Using this updated string search,
the authors searched several databases (EBSCOHost, Informit, Scopus Informit and Web of
Science) for research published in English between January 2010 and December 2019 that
detailed the competencies deemed necessary for personnel undertaking Engineering Asset
Management activities within the Australian context. Additional records were searched for in
relation to the topic, from a range of Engineering and Engineering Management Conferences
held between 2010 and 2019.
Two hundred and thirty publications were identified through database searches, while eight
conference proceedings were identified from the additional conference search. These were
initially checked for duplicates, and then subjected to the refinement stage against a detailed
review criteria, as per the PRISMA framework checklist process.
Four articles progressed through the full PRISMA framework process. Further in-depth
reviews of the remaining four papers found that one article was principally focused on the
Australian Quality Framework (AQF) certification training processes, while the remaining three
papers contained data of competency requirements (and example subjects) for Engineering
Asset Management personnel within Australia. This data was collated, and through a deductive
qualitative content analysis, was coded into three common themes: (1) Technical skills, (2)
Professional skills – internally focused and (3) Professional skills – externally focused.
The review process undertaken within this research initially showed that there were no
papers within the original search frame of Australian local authorities, while the updated search
detailed limited available literature within the general Australian context. This highlights an
apparent gap within the available literature for the research topic scope during the period
within January 2010 and December 2019.

1 INTRODUCTION Those responsible for the management of engineer­

ing assets are increasingly implementing the use of
Engineering Asset Management (EAM) is a process
emerging technologies, in their day-to-day operations.
used to manage engineering assets, such as to ensure
The use of these technologies has contributed to
those are maintained for the overall benefit of the
improved evidence-based decision-making in mana­
community. Within the Australian context, local
ging these assets. An example of this is the collection
authorities are responsible for the management, con­
and analysis of data from remote assets, which has
trol and maintenance, of a range of assets (Australian
been advanced by the use of drones, supported by
Local Government Association 2020).
wireless internet connection; and the use of data ana­
Traditionally, asset management relied on the
lysis software (Marris 2013). The use of ‘algorithm’
knowledge and experience of engineering asset man­
based software for condition monitoring of assets, and
agers or asset inspectors (Queensland Government
the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM)
2005) rather than on technology. Currently, the man­
(Giel and Issa 2016) in the asset life cycle, is broad­
agement of these engineering assets is being impacted
ening the scope of competencies (Hines 2017) needed
by emerging technologies, such as drones (Marris
by asset management personnel. Hines (2017, p.1)
2013), artificial intelligence (Sriram 2006), machine
argues that “the complexity of asset management is
vision and learning (Blum & Landley, 1997), and inte­
becoming digitally driven”, and the question can be
grated software systems (Liang et al. 2007).

CONTACT Kylie Munn kylie.munn@usq.edu.au University of Southern Queensland.

© Engineers Australia
2 K. MUNN ET AL.
asked what this trend means for the personnel
involved in asset management, especially in terms of
their ability to complete their work in this dynamic
setting.
The Australian local authority context has been
used, for this systematic literature review. Australian
local authority has responsibility for the management
and operation of a large number and types of public
engineering assets (Australian Local Government
Association 2020). This responsibility has been dele­
gated to local authorities under the Australian
Constitution through their classification as extensions
of State Government entities (Parliament of Australia
2004).
These engineering assets provide a range of public
services for the community (Uddin, Hudson, and
Haas 2013), delivering benefits over and above those
that a private market may supply for the social good
(Parliament of Australia 2004). Of particular interest
are local authorities in rural and regional centres who
often have limited sources of skilled labour available to
them (Australian Local Government Association
2018).
Before proceeding to examine the relevant litera­
ture, EAM is defined and described, and the type of
emerging technology being introduced within the
industry clarified.
2 Background Theory
2.1 Engineering Asset Management Definition
and Concepts
EAM is the planning, control and monitoring of activ­
ities, associated with engineering assets to harness
opportunities and reduce risks (Standards Australia
2014). It is a systematic process (Mahmood et al.
2014), which involves the whole-of-life management
of an engineering asset. EAM (Jolicoeur and Barrett
2005) captures the decision-making processes asso­
ciated with the purchase, maintenance and disposal
of engineering assets. The aim of EAM is the reduction
of accidents and breakdowns, with a focus on the
adoption of continuous best practice (Xerri, Nelson,
and Brunetto 2015).
The management of engineering assets (Uddin,
Hudson, and Haas 2013) is undertaken to maximise
their operating performance through the execution of
maintenance activities while optimising available
funds. Engineering assets (Uddin, Hudson, and Haas
2013) can be privately or publicly owned and fall
within seven categories: transportation, water and
wastewater, waste management, energy production,
buildings, recreational facilities, and communication
(Uddin, Hudson, and Haas 2013).
There are two principal areas of interest when dis­
cussing and reviewing the concept of management of
engineering assets. The first is the ‘physical technol­
ogy’ used in the collection and management of the
data collated on the assets. The second is the ‘decision-
making processes’ associated in the maintenance and
operation of these assets (Amadi-Echendu, Willet &
Brown, 2007; El-Akruti and Dwight 2013).
EAM maturity is the extent that organisational
capabilities, and ongoing performance in the realm
of the engineering asset, can be programmed, planned
and reacted to, within the organisational context
(Global Forum on Maintenance and Asset
Management 2015). This maturity level fluctuates
across different organisations, between different asset
types, and across countries internationally (Koronios
et al. 2007).
2.2 The International EAM Context
The maturity of EAM is high in countries such as the
UK (Brunet et al. 2019) where processes and proce­
dures (such as data transfer within BIM) have been
mandated within legislation/standards, and have to be
embedded in organisational management processes
(Alnaggar and Pitt 2019). EAM maturity is also high
in the Netherlands, where significant progress has
been made on the use of the Infrastructure
Management Maturity Matrix within organisations
(Volker, Ligtvoet, Van den Boomen, Wessels, Van
der Lei & Herder, 2013).
2.3 Emerging Technologies within EAM
Historically, asset data information was collected
through on-site inspections by EAM personnel
(inspectors or maintainers) (Queensland
Government 2016; Hodkiewicz 2015; Brint and Black
2014). Condition data were manually recorded and
stored in a physical, paper-based format (Qld
Government, TMR Road System and Engineering,
2005). In some situations, the information would
then be inputted into an electronic asset management
system (Queensland Government 2016). Condition
data analysis, prioritization and work program crea­
tion were undertaken manually by the EAM personnel
(Austroads 2018).
Emerging technology has supported a transition in
the collection, analysis and management processes of
local authority engineering assets (Araszkiewicz 2017).
These transitions have had touch-points on a number
of areas, including data capture through drones
(Marris 2013), multi-sensor 3D-image capture sys­
tems (Croft 2014), artificial intelligence (Sriram
2006) cloud-based services (Pistofidis &
Emmanoiilidis, 2013), machine-learning (Blum &
Landley, 1997), ground penetrating radar (Riggio,
Anthony, Augelli, Kasal, Lechner, Muller & Tunnert,
2014), hand-held mobile/digital devices (Roper 2016)

and smart object systems (Xu, Huang & Fang; 2015).
Emerging technology has also supported engineering
asset data being digitised in the detailed design phase,
through the use of Building Information Modelling
(BIM) (Gholizadeh, Esmaeili, and Goodrum 2018)
software, and managed through Enterprise
Management Systems (EMS)/Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP) (Liang et al. 2007) systems.
One major group responsible for the ownership
and management of engineering assets within the
Australian landscape/context is local authority. Local
authorities own, and are responsible for, the operation
and management of a wide range of engineering
assets.
2.4 The Australian Local Authority EAM Context
In the Australian setting, there are three hierarchical
levels of government: Commonwealth, state and local
government (Kloot 1999). Each of these levels have
different powers and responsibilities, with local autho­
rities in each state, delegated powers under each State
Governments’ Local Government Act. One example of
this is Victoria, where delegated powers and responsi­
bilities include the areas of roads, building regulations,
waste management, public recreation facilities, public
health and town planning (Parliament of Victoria
2010).
Work processes and procedures undertaken by
local authorities are being influenced by emerging
technologies, digital connectivity, globalisation and
an ageing work population (Australian Local
Government Association 2018). Even with
a knowledge of these trends, the majority of local
authorities are yet to undertake a review or analysis
to determine the competency changes required to use
this emerging technology in their operations
(Australian Local Government Association 2018).
Local authority competencies are often restricted by
a limited talent pool or a transient workforce, particu­
larly those within rural and regional areas (Australian
Local Government Association 2018). In Australia,
97% of local authorities have attempted to recruit
from within the local area, while 91% have attempted
to recruit from across the state (Australian Local
Government Association 2018). Within Australian
local authorities, 68.9% were experiencing skill
shortages in 2015 (Australian Local Government
Association 2018), with 18.6% of Australian local
authorities detailing a shortage in the professional
occupation of EAM (Australian Local Government
Association 2018).
According to the survey data (Australian Local
Government Association 2018), the competencies
gap in the engineering asset space is due to limited
skills, the rapid pace of change in technology and
limited existing competencies (Australian Local
AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 3
Government Association 2018). To address this skills
gap, 74% of local authorities utilise a combination of
strategies, including coaching, mentoring and the pro­
motion of targeted internal training programmes for
existing personnel (Australian Local Government
Association 2018).
Further research into this knowledge gap has been
emphasised by different levels of the Australian
Government. One of the key policy issues within the
Australian Government, is to ‘facilitate the transition
of workers, either to adopting new technologies in
their current jobs, or into new jobs that become avail­
able’ (Australian Government 2017). In addition,
recommendations from the Australian Local
Government Association (2018) include a call for
further research to be undertaken to identify the
impact on emerging technology on current job roles
and competencies required within local authorities.
2.5 Lifelong Learning for Australian Local
Authorities
The assumption is that the skills and competencies
required within the workplace are stable over time
(Hager 2004). However, a fast changing economy
and increasing organisational globalisation (Laal
2011b) is driving the need for the continual upgrading
of competencies to support work process in the mod­
ern context. There is a growing need around the ability
to learn and adapt to new skills and training by
employees, to operate within an ever-changing tech­
nological world (Laal 2011b).
Lifelong learning (LLL) is the building of skills and
competencies throughout the individuals’ life, which is
continuous, supportive, applied and life spanning
(Collins 2009). LLL includes a range of learning
forms, including formal learning, non-formal learning
and informal learning (Laal 2011a). Formal learning
follows an organised and structured form, which (in
most cases) produces a documented recognition at the
end. On the other hand, non-formal learning com­
prises learning that is embedded into vocational activ­
ities undertaken within the workplace. Informal
learning results from everyday activities within the
family, work or leisure space (Laal 2011a).
Personnel in any given field have different levels of
competencies and these vary from novice to top-
expert (Koper and Tattersall 2004). Through LLL per­
sonnel can be supported to upgrade their skills and
competencies within their field of discipline (Koper
and Tattersall 2004). In this case, EAM (engineering
and non-engineering) practitioners could use LLL to
increase their current skills and competencies in rela­
tion to emerging technology (Billett 2004) to support
their EAM work practices within industry.
A range of barriers can inhibit the individuals’
success in LLL (Collins 2009). These can range from
4 K. MUNN ET AL.
lack of motivation, adequate resources, time, finances,
and available facilities (Koper and Tattersall 2004).
There is also the incorrect assumption that learning
comes from involvement in educational facilities, or
that formal educational involvement is the major
source of learnings (Billett, 2010). In fact, there are
many skills and competencies not realised through
formal educational facilities but learnt and refined
through everyday work processes (Billet, 2004).
Having initially defined EAM and emerging tech­
nology, and its positioning within the context of
Australian local authorities, a systematic literature
review was undertaken to investigate the current
knowledge in relation to the competency requirements
of asset management personnel within current EAM
Practice.
3. Review Methodology
3.1 Review Objective
The research question to be addressed through the
systematic literature review was:
● What competencies are required by EAM per­
sonnel within the Australian context, and are
documented within current research literature?
The specific aims of this paper are to
a. Review the current literature available on EAM
competencies requirements, in an Australian context,
(published during the last 10 years); and
b. To collate, review and analysis the EAM compe­
tency requirements, contained within the literature
(published between January 2010 and January 2020),
which are relevant to the Australian context.
3.2 Systematic Literature Review
A systematic literature review is a “clearly formulated
question that uses systematic and explicit methods to
identify, select, and critically appraise relevant
research, and to collect and analyse data from the
studies that are included in the review” (Moher,
Liberatic, Tetzlaff & Altmann, 2009, p.1).
A systematic review searches literature, following
a documented process or framework, while detailing
methods to allow transparency and replicability by
others (Grant M & Booth, 2009). This allows the
collated literature, and the data contained within it,
to be further analysed and synthesised to answer
research questions (Borrego, Foster, and Froyd 2015).
For this systematic literature review, the protocol
followed was the Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)
statement (Moher et al. 2009). Through the use of
the PRISMA statement, the literature obtained during
this systematic literature review was screened against
a set list of criteria based on EAM practice within
Australia and the research question.
The process of systematic literature review needs to
be managed to limit any potential bias of publications
collated (Knobloch, Yoon and Vogt, 2011). This man­
agement to limit bias is undertaken through the use of
a structured process, such as PRISMA, during the
identification, collation, and review of papers which
meet the detailed criteria (Shamseer et al. 2015).
A range of potential search techniques were initially
discussed by the authorship team, such as citation
searching, reference listing, and pearl growing
(Papaioannou et al. 2009). It was determined that
database searching would be used as the principal
search technique for this review. The authors also
decided that a supplementary search technique of
reviewing targeted conference papers associated with
EAM, would also be employed within this review. This
supplementary technique was included to allow
a number of engineering and EAM conferences to be
specifically targeted for conference papers, in relation
to the search terms. These would be detailed within
the PRISMA Flowchart as ‘additional records’.
3.3 Search Terms
For the database searches, the search protocols for this
PRISMA process were guided by a research literacy
librarian. The terms ‘local authority’ and ‘local govern­
ment’ were not used within this search strategy as they
initially produced nil results. Therefore, it was deemed
that this initial search strategy was too narrow, leading
to the search terms being refined to the Australian
context.
‘Limiters’ were placed on the database search,
including ‘peer review’, English (language) and a date
range of ‘1 January 2010–31 January 2020ʹ. These
limitations were used in the search criteria to focus
the search on articles that were based on peer-
reviewed published articles. The limiters also focused
on articles which were published within the last 10
years due to the fast-changing nature of technology,
and were written in the English language.
The Boolean search strings used, within each indi­
vidual database, are presented in Table 1.
The search protocol for this systematic literature
review was not registered.
The term ‘engineering asset management’ was used
as a loose phrase within the search string, to encom­
pass a wide range of practitioners that work within this
stream, including inspectors, engineers, and man­
agers. An open term was not used as papers looking
simply at assets, engineering and management were
deemed too wide for this research, as it was solely
aimed at engineering asset management as
a definition.

Table 1 Key information for database searches.
Database Search string
Scopus TITLE-ABS-KEY (asset* OR facilit* AND engineer* AND manag* OR Indexes: Business and Law (18 Indexed), Education (4
maintain*) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (competenc* OR skill* OR
train* or education*) AND ALL (austral*) AND PUBYEAR > 2009
AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (EXCLUDE (PUBYEAR,
2020))
EBSCOhost TI((“Engineering Asset Management” OR ‘facilities management’ Limiters: Scholarly (Peer Reviewed) Journals, Published Data:
OR “maintainer”) AND (competenc* OR skill* OR train* OR
education*)) OR AB((“Engineering Asset Management” OR
‘facilities management’ OR “maintainer”) AND (competenc*
OR skill* OR train* OR education*)) AND TX Austral*
Web of (TI=((“engineering asset management” OR “facilities
Science management” OR ‘maintainer’) AND (competenc* OR skill* OR
train* OR education*)) OR AB=((“engineering asset
management” OR “facilities management” OR ‘maintainer’)
AND (competenc* OR skill* OR train* OR education*)) AND
ALL=(Austral*))
Informit TI=(“engineering asset management” OR ‘facilities
management” OR “maintainer”) AND (competenc* OR skill*
OR train* OR education*)) OR ((AB:”engineering asset
management” OR AB:”facilities management” OR AB:
maintainer) AND (AB:competence* OR AB:skill* OR AB:train*
OR AB:education*)) AND ALLTERMS, FC:Austral*
Total
number
The search included the terms of ‘facilities
management’ and ‘maintainer’ within the search
string, as these are terms which currently are
defined as synonymous with ‘engineering asset
management’ within industry (Atkin and
Bildsten 2016). ‘Facilities management’ (not the
individual term of ‘facilities’) was included within
the search string by the authors, as it is frequently
a term used interchangeably with the term ‘Asset
Management’, across the international ‘engineer­
ing practice’ space. ‘Asset Management’ and
‘Facilities Management’ have a common ground­
ing in relation to operational perspectives,
and day-to-day operations. Both these terms
within engineering practice are involved in the
areas of asset management, maintenance and
operations (Mason, 2017).
The search term of maintainers was included as they
are defined as personnel responsible for overseeing,
monitoring and reflecting a group of assets
(Hodkiewicz 2015), principally the role undertaken by
engineering asset management personnel. The term
‘asset maintenance’ was not included within the search
string as this is a small, discrete work component of the
‘engineering asset management’ life cycle, while the
research was focused on the entire EAM life cycle.
A supplementary search technique of reviewing
proceedings from conferences held by Australasian
Association for Engineering Education (AAEE),
American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE),
European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI),
AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 5
No. of
Parameters (limiters/expanders, others) records
197
Indexed) and Engineering and Science (20Indexed).
19
20100101-20191231
Expanders: Apply equivalent subjects
Narrow by Language: English
Search Modes: Boolean/Phrase
Indexes: Academic Search Ultimate, Applied Science and
Technology Source Ultimate, Business Source Ultimate,
Education Research Complete, E-Journals, Library,
Information Science and Technology Abstracts and
MasterFile Premier
Language: English 10
Document Type: Article
Indexes: SCI-Expanded, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI, CCR-
Expanded
IC Time
4
230
Research in Engineering Education Symposium
(REES), and World Engineering Conference (WEC)
and World Conference on Engineering Asset
Management (WCEAM), against the search details
(with the same limitations/constraints as the database
search) was undertaken through the use of Google
Scholar. This technique was undertaken as a more
targeted search of engineering education research con­
ferences, which are also peer-reviewed, to complement
the original database search.
3.4 Database Search Output
The search was carried out on 20 November 2020 with
papers being stored and managed through the use of
the ‘EndNote’ software program. Table 1 details how
the studies collated were dispersed across the four
multidiscipline databases searched.
Through the review of the conference proceedings
between 2010 and 2019, a number of additional papers
were collated and included as additional records. This
is shown in Table 2.
3.5 Refinement Stage
The initial refinement undertaken was to remove any
duplicates present in the total number of papers
obtained from the search. Twelve papers were
removed during the duplicate removal process.
6 K. MUNN ET AL.

Further refinement of the remaining articles was a) Full article.

completed through two main review phases, where
the papers were analysed against the following criteria:
(a) Focus on the area of engineering asset manage­
ment, facilities management or asset maintainers; or
(b) Further confined to competencies or skills or
training requirements; and
(c) Papers are positioned within an Australian
context.
Phase 1 – involved the comparison of the criteria
above against the
a) Title of each article; or
b) Abstract of each article.
Papers were rejected in this phase if the title, or the
abstract, did not:
a) Focus on engineering asset management, facil­
ities management or asset maintainers; or
b) Report on competencies, skills or training
requirements
Through the first phase of review, 215 papers were
excluded from the study. A total of 179 papers were
excluded as they did not meet either criteria (a) or (b),
21 papers were excluded as they did not meet criteria
(a), while 15 papers were excluded as they did not
meet criteria (b).
Phase 2 – involved the comparison of criteria (c)
above against the
Identification
Papers were rejected in this phase if the paper
did not:
c) located within an Australian context.
Through the second phase of the review, seven
papers were excluded from the study as they did not
meet criteria (c).
During each of the refinement review phases
detailed above Table 2, one initial member of the
authorship team undertook the initial screening of
the papers, with a second member of the authorship
team (a PhD Supervisor) reviewing the screening deci­
sions. Review of the final output of each phase, and
overarching guidance on the process, was given by the
remaining two PhD supervisors (each with experience
in qualitative research processes).
Eight papers during Phase 1 and five papers during
Phase 2 involved a level of disagreement on whether
they met the required criteria. These were each
robustly discussed within the authorship team, until
resolution was achieved.
Figure 1 shows the flow of the review through the
systematic literature review, detailing the articles’ pro­
gress through the different phases of the PRISMA
process.
The papers deemed eligible through the process are
tabulated in Table 3.

Records identified through Additional records identified

database searching through other sources
(n=230) (n=8)

Records after
duplicates removed
(n=226) Phase 1 -Title or abstract excluded,
Screening

with reasons (n=215)

a) Not focused on EAM, facilities
management or asset maintainers
Records screened = 21
(n=226)
b) Not focused on competencies,
skills or training requirements = 15

Did not meet a) or b) criteria = 197

Full-text articles assessed
Eligibility

for eligibility
(n=ll)

Phase 2 -Full-text articles excluded,

with reasons (n=7)
Studies included in
c) Not in an Australian context = 7
qualitative
synthesis (n=4)
Included

Studies included in
quantitative synthesis
(meta-analysis)
(NA)

Figure 1 PRISMA flowchart reporting items for the systematic review.

 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 7

Table 2 Additional studies obtained through conference Lincoln 2000). These themes within the matrix was
searches. described as two overarching skill types within the
Additional sources No. of included studies matrix:
Conference proceedings 8
Technical skills – skills that are technical in nature,
and involve the use of equipment, data and educa­
Table 3 Studies included in final result set. tional qualifications;
Citation Professional/organisational skills – skills that sup­
Bish A, Newton C, Browning V, O’Conner P, & Anibaldi R, 2014, ‘An port organisational interactions and communications,
exploration of the professional competencies required in
engineering asset management’, European Journal of Engineering such as interpersonal skills, leadership ability and
Education, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp432-447. Viewed on 4 March 2020, coaching/mentoring (Hadgraft and Kolmos 2020;
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03043797.2014.
895701
Parlamis and Monnot 2019).
Hodkiewicz, M 2015, ‘Maintainer of the Future’, Australian Journal of This second category of ‘Professional/organisa­
Multi-Disciplinary Engineering, Vol 11 No2, p135-144. Viewed on tional skills’ was then segmented into subcategories
4 March 2020, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.7158/
14488388.2015.11464890 of internally focused (intrapersonal - ability to manage
Sarpin N, Yang J & Xia B, 2016, Developing a people capability self) and externally focused (interpersonal- ability to
framework to promote sustainability in facility management
practices, Facilities, Vol 34, Issue 7/8, p450-467. Viewed 4 March 2020. interact with others). (Laker and Powell 2011).
http://doi.org/10.1108/F-05-2014-0044 The competency list obtained from the search was
Tse P, 2018, Essential Elements in Providing Engineering Asset
Management Related Training and Education Courses. initially coded and categorised against these three
Proceedings of the 11th World Congress on Engineering Asset theme categories, and then further coded into
Management, 2016, 255-262,https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.
1007/978-3-319-62274-3_23.
a number of subcategories.
Reporting Phase - The final output of the deduc­
tive content analysis.
No specific judgements were made on the quality, In the following section, the results obtained
or risk of bias, of the articles sourced, as the focus of through the aforementioned systematic review process
the review was on the development of understanding are detailed.
of the competency requirements, rather than the eva­
luation of the quality of the papers. The quality of the
papers sourced was assumed by the authorship team, 4.0 Results
as they had been sourced from peer reviewed journals
Given this study’s constraints, and stipulated
and from technical conference papers.
limitations for the search criteria, 230 articles
were identified across the four databases. Eight
3.6 Analysis and Synthesis articles were identified through searching of
conference proceedings. Out of these 238 study
A content analysis is a structured process which
articles, 12 were deemed as duplicates. This left
includes preparation, organising and reporting phases,
226 study articles for Phase 1 where the papers’
and is undertaken through an inductive or deductive
title and abstract were reviewed. This Phase 1
approach (Kohlegger and Thalmann, 2009). This ana­
review left 11 articles remaining. Phase 2 was
lysis was completed through a deductive approach,
then undertaken, where the full paper was
which follows the process detailed in Figure 2.
reviewed, which left four articles that were
This approach uses the principal aim of content
deemed relevant to this systematic literature
analysis through coding the individual competencies
review.
into a predetermined matrix of themes (Vaismoradi,
Appendix A details all publications included within
Tirimem & Bondas, 2013; Moser and Korstjens 2018),
the identification stage of the systematic literature
viewed through the different lens of technical and
review (n= 226), and the codification number of the
organisational/relational/professional skills (Laker
publication and its database (S=Scopus,
and Powell 2011; Hadgraft and Kolmos 2020;
EBSCOhost=E, WS= Web of Science, Informit=I and
Parlamis and Monnot 2019).
Conference=G) used to identify each of them. The
The different phases of a content analysis are
Phase exclusion and inclusion outcomes for each
defined as
paper is also highlighted within Appendix A (with
Preparation Phase – is the selection of sample to be
Phase 1 Inclusion = P1In, Phase 1 Exclusion = P1Ex;
analysed (Elo and Kyngas 2007). In this case, the
Phase 2 Inclusion=P1In and Phase 2 Exclusion =
sample selection was the competency lists obtained
P2Ex).
from Bish et al. (2014), Sarpin, Yang, and Xia (2016)
Through the review of the four articles deemed to
and Tse (2018).
be relevant within this systematic literature review, it
Organising Phase – a predetermined matrix was
was found that 2015 and 2018 were the years the
created prior to the sample selection being reviewed
papers were published. A review of the papers
and coded into those matrix themes (Denzin and
8 K. MUNN ET AL.
Figure 2 Content analysis process (Elo and Kyngas 2007, p110).
published also showed that they were published within
four different journals. These being
● European Journal of Engineering Education;
● Australian Journal of Multidisciplinary
Engineering;
● Facilities; and
● Conference Proceeding – Engineering Asset
Management 2016.
Two of the four publications contained details
in relation to the competencies required for
engineering asset management personnel in the
Australian context. Bish et al. (2014) detailed
a list of 26 competencies which were grouped
into nine overarching categories. These 26 com­
petencies collated by Bish et al. principally
focused on professional non-technical skills
that the EAM personnel required, such as
including working with others through
relationship building, communication, leader­
ship and emotional awareness.
Meanwhile, Sarpin, Yang, and Xia (2016)
detailed 23 competencies that detailed
a mixture of professional skills and technical
skills. The professional skills assembled by
Sarpin, Yang, and Xia (2016) encompassed
areas such as good relationships with organisa­
tional manager, communication, collaboration
skills, self-motivation and courage. The techni­
cal skills grouped include understanding the
whole-life value concepts around asset manage­
ment, organisational financial awareness, and an
understanding of asset management design and
construction processes.
Research undertaken by Hodkiewicz, detailed
within the third publication, took a different focus
on competency requirements, looking instead at
‘entry qualifications’ required by EAM personnel, par­
ticularly the formal Australian Quality Framework
certification (AQF) process. Hodkiewiczs’ research

highlighted the entry level requirements contained
with an AQF Certificate Level 3, and higher level of
awareness and understanding under the AQF
Certificate Level 4. Hodkiewiczs’ details that progress
through the various levels is dependent on the initial
‘prior learning’ that the EAM personnel bring into the
learning process, followed by progression through
each of the learning outcomes contained within the
program. The learning outcomes of the AQF program,
as collated by Hodkiewicz, include competencies
which are documented through the descriptors
aligned with the Certificate 3 and Certificate 4 levels
of the AQF.
An initial review by the authorship team
found that the Hodkiewicz (2015) paper did
not collate a range of technical, cognitive or
communication skills, but viewed the educa­
tional context through the lens of the AQF
training framework (in contrast to the other
three papers). This paper was therefore not
included in the next phase of the research,
which was a qualitative content analysis around
the competencies detailed in the three remaining
papers.
The fourth, and final publication by Tse (2018), was
driven to gather and collate opinions in relation to the
potential development, and quality management of an
EAM training program. This publication offered a list
of essential subject, grouped into six overarching sub­
ject categories, which should be included within EAM
training.
The competencies collated through the three pub­
lications by Bish et al. (2014), Sarpin, Yang, and Xia
(2016) and Tse (2016) were somewhat different in
their detailing of EMA competency requirements. In
particular, Bish et al. (2014), and Sarpin, Yang, and Xia
(2016) detailed similar terms, such as communications
skills and collaboration/relationship skills. Their
‘descriptions’ of the competencies appear overt in
their meanings.
Meanwhile, Tse detailed a range of ‘subject cate­
gories’, where the competencies would be gained
through the completion of the subject. These were
not as clear as to the ‘actual’ competencies obtained
through the study, and this needed to be assumed or
extrapolated by the reader.
Further synthesis of the data obtained from the
three publications by Bish et al. (2014), Sarpin, Yang,
and Xia (2016) and Tse (2016) was undertaken
through within a qualitative content analysis. This
qualitative content analysis was completed through
a deductive approach. This approach used the princi­
pal process of coding the individual competencies into
a predetermined matrix of themes, viewed through the
different lens of technical and professional competen­
cies (Vaismoradi, Tirimem & Bondas, 2013; Moser
and Korstjens 2018).
AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 9
The initial phase of the deductive analysis under­
taken categorised the competencies into three cate­
gories: (1) Technical skills, (2) Professional skills –
internally focused and (3) Professional skills – exter­
nally focused. The output of the initial phase of the
deductive content analysis process, is detailed in
Table 4.
The second phase of the deductive analysis under­
taken on the papers led the authors to further categor­
ise these competencies into subcategories under the
three main categories.
1. Technical skills
Business acumen - The understanding of business
processes such as finance and accounting within an
organisation. This theme included 19 skills which
mentioned business acumen skills across the three
articles, including “an understanding of financial stra­
tegies” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464), or “the short-term and
long term consequences of any decision/plan” (Sarpin,
2016, p. 464).
Disciplinary understanding – the technical under­
standing of the EAM space and the processes, proce­
dures needed in their professional work. The authors
coded 30 skills under this theme, such as “understand­
ing the design and construction issues related to prac­
tice” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464), “the whole-of-life value
concept” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464) or “AM Strategy and
Objectives”(Tse;2018).
Project management skills – the skills that are
necessary to successfully deliver a project from start
to finish, including “project management processes”
(Bish et al. 2014, p. 442).
2. Professional skills – internally focused
Leadership - the skills to oversee processes, and to
guide and steer themselves towards the achievement of
organisational goals, such as a “vision for a better
future” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464), “courage to make
changes” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464) or “AM Leadership”
(Tse 2018, p.260).
Emotional intelligence – the skills to use and man­
age their own emotions to overcome challenges, man­
age conflict and relieve stress, including the ability to
“work productively in a pressured environment” (Bish
et al. 2014, p. 442) and “balancing the demands of
a work life and a personal life” (Bish et al. 2014al.
2014)
Willingness to learn – the desire and commitment
of the individual for continued life-long learning, such
as “learning orientation” (Bish et al. 2014, p. 442).
Communications – the skills to receive, and under­
stand, different types of information, such as “oral and
written communication” (Bish et al. 2014, p. 442) and
“communications skills” (Sarpin 2016, p. 464).
3. Professional skills – externally focused
Business acumen – the skills to understand busi­
ness processes such as finance and accounting within
an organisation, including being able to “take a long-
10 K. MUNN ET AL.

term perspective” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464) and under­ 5 Discussion

stand “organisational culture” (Tse 2018, p.260).
Interpersonal skills – the skills to communicate or
interact successfully with others, such as to “facilitate
emotions of others” (Bish et al. 2014, p. 442) and
“collaboration skills” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464).
Interdisciplinary connections – the skills to liaise
with others from other disciplines within the organi­
sation, such as the “ability to work across disciplines”
(Sarpin, 2016, p. 464).
Leadership – the skills to oversee processes, and
to guide and steer others within an organisation
towards the achievement of goals, including the
skill to “develop good relationship with the organi­
sation’s top management” (Sarpin, 2016, p. 464)
and “teamwork and team leadership” (Bish et al.
2014, p. 442).
The output of the second phase of the deductive
content analysis process, is detailed in Table 5.
5.1 Current EAM Competencies in the Australian
Context
This systematic literature review highlighted the lim­
ited research undertaken to establish the competencies
required for effective EAM practices, in particular,
within the Australia context. The review retrieved
four research papers in this systematic literature
review.
Based on the synthesis of the competencies into
three categories and a number of subcategories, the
delivery of educational learning strategies and oppor­
tunities can be focused and targeted on this design.
Each of the categories and subcategories were men­
tioned across a number of the papers. The subcategory
of ‘Technical skills – desireto acquire knowledge’ was
the only one to only appear within only one of the
papers. ‘Technical skills - business acumen’,
Professional skills – internally focused – leadership’

Table 4 Competency skill categories.

Professional skills– Professional skills –
Technical skills internally focused externally focused
Understand the lifecycle costs (LCC) and total Vision for a better future; Self-motivated; Develop good relationship with the
cost of ownership (TCO) technique; Communication skills; Courage to make organisation’s top management; Take a long-
Understand the whole-life value concept; changes; Flexibility; Initiative; Conceptual term perspective; Ability to motivate other
Understand organisation’s financial strategy; Thinking; Oral communication; Written stakeholders; Collaboration skills; Relationship
Ability to optimise the building space and communication; Adheres to value and building (networking); Impact and Influence;
equipment operations; Understand the design principals; Understand one’s own emotions; Teamwork and team leadership; Developing
and construction issues related to FM practice; Manage one’s own emotions; Work others; Engaging stakeholders perceive
familiar with the building system; Develop productively in a pressurised environment; emotions of others; Facilitate emotions of
organisation’s sustainability strategies; Ability Balance the demands of a work life and others; Understand emotions of others;
to specify the energy and environmental goals a personal life; Maintain a positive outlook at Organisational culture; competence
to associated stakeholders; Ability to monitor work; AM Leadership; Analytical thinking; management, learning orientation; Ability to
and maintain equipment efficiency; Identify Researching. work across disciplines.
short- and long-term consequences of any
decision/plan; Identify direct and indirect
consequences to people and ecosystems;
Ability to plan and implement sustainability
efforts; Project management; Use of expertise/
deciding; Project planning and risk
management; Strategic positioning; AM
policy; AM strategy and objectives; Demand
analysis; Strategic planning; AM planning;
Capital investment decision-making;
Operations and maintenance decision-making;
Life cycle value realisation; Resource strategy;
Shutdowns and outage strategy; Technical
standards and legislation; Asset creation and
acquisition; Systems engineering;
Configuration management; Maintenance
delivery; Reliability engineering; Asset
Ooperations; Resource management;
Shutdowns and outage management; Fault
and incident response; Asset
decommissioning and disposal; Asset
information strategy; Asset information
standards; Asset information systems; Data
and information management; Procurement
and supply chain management; Risk
assessment and management; Contingency
planning and resilience analysis; Sustainable
development; Management of change; Asset
performance and health monitoring; AM
system monitoring; Management review;
Audit and assurance; Asset costing and
valuation; Stakeholder engagement
 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 11

and ‘Professional skills – internally focused – emo­ across Australia, particularly those personnel based in
tional intellegence’ skills were mentioned across rural and regional areas.
three papers. The remaining skills were mentioned in
two of the papers.
These categories and subcategories, could also be 5.2 Limitations
used to drive curriculum renewal within existing engi­
This systematic literature review was limited to peer-
neering education courses, or through the develop­
reviewed journal papers from the last 10 years, written
ment of new curriculum which could be offered,
in English. Therefore, any articles or books published
specifically targeting engineering and non-
outside of this timeframe and language were excluded.
engineering personnel, currently working within the
The authors did not completement the database search
EAM space. The delivery of this training could also be
and supplementary search with other alternative
tailored as smaller ‘learning blocks’ to allow EAM
search techniques within this paper, such as citation
personnel to focus on small groupings of competen­
searching, contact with experts or reference searching
cies, instead of being required to enrol in an entire
(Papaioannou et al. 2009). This was undertaken by the
degree qualification.
authors in a bid to limit the introduction of potential
However, it must be stressed that these new educa­
bias in paper inclusion into the systematic literature
tional offerings need to be tailored for on-line delivery
review.
modes (using both synchronous and asynchronous
formats), and not be limited to analogue (traditional,
face-to-face) delivery and participation. As detailed 5.3 Future Research
earlier within this research, rural and regional areas
often struggle to target EAM personnel with the This systematic literature review details that current
appropriate AM competencies. Therefore, the delivery research on competency skills for EAM within
of the new educational offering needs to be available Australia has been limited, and shows it is lacking
from an Australian local authority perspective. This
research could be used to underpin further research

Table 5 Summary of competency and sub-competencies.

Category Subcategory Definition Source
Technical skills Business acumen The understanding of internal business processes, 19 Skills mentioned
such as financial/accounting skills, budget 2 x Bish et al.
development, asset depreciation, resource (2014)
allocation and finance/accounting legislative 7 x Sarpin (2016)
requirements. 10 x Tse (2018)
Disciplinary understanding The technical understanding needed for work within 30 Skills mentioned
the EAM profession. 0 x Bish et al.
(2014)
4 x Sarpin (2016)
26 x Tse (2018)
Project management skills An understanding of the project management 3 Skills mentioned
methodology 2 x Bish et al.
(2014)
1 x Sarpin (2016)
0 x Tse (2018)
Professional skills – internally Leadership skills The skills to oversee processes, and to guide and steer 4 Skills mentioned
focused individuals towards the required achievements to 1 x Bish et al.
meet organisational goals (2014)
2 x Sarpin (2016)
1 x Tse (2018)
Emotional intelligence The skills to use and manage their own emotions to 9 Skills mentioned
overcome challenges, manage conflict and relieve 7 x Bish et al.
stress. (2014)
1 x Sarpin (2016)
1 x Tse (2018)
Desire to acquire new The drive to acquire new knowledge and to keep up 2 Skills mentioned
knowledge with developing trends and technology 2 x Bish et al.
(2014)
0 x Sarpin (2016)
0 x Tse (2018)
Communications The skills to receive different types of information. 3 Skills mentioned
2 x Bish et al.
(2014)
1 x Sarpin (2016)
0 x Tse (2018)
(Continued)
12 K. MUNN ET AL.
Table 5 (Continued).
Category Subcategory
Professional skills – externally Business acumen
focused
Interpersonal skills
Interdisciplinary connections
Leadership skills
that focuses on a framework of competency require­
ments for EAM personnel in the Australian local
authority context. This competency framework could
be reviewed, assessed and commented upon by
a sample of local authorities across Australia.
This framework could then be used to inform and
shape future curriculum development and renewal
within the current engineering education system.
This could be used to further develop the education
and training around a digital delivery model. This
delivery mechanism would potentially support rural
and regional personnel working in the EAM space, to
access these learning packages and to support their
competency development within their individual
EAM careers.
This new and signification body of knowledge
would be based around the concept of a competency
framework for personnel within the EAM space in the
Australia local authority context. This knowledge and
understanding founded within the competency frame­
work will support the continual evolution of curricu­
lum and learning delivery modes across Australian
local authorities, in particular within rural and regio­
nal areas.
6 CONCLUSION
From this review, the need for further research on the
required competencies of local authority EAM to use
the emerging technology has been clearly highlighted.
This research is essential to create a consolidated view
of competency requirements specifically for local
authority EAM personnel in Australia.
Without a consolidated understanding of the com­
petencies needed as part of the personnel lifelong
learning of their workforce, local authorities run the
risk of not using their asset management system to
Definition Source
The skills to understand external business processes 3 Skills mentioned
such as business markets and external factors that 0 x Bish et al.
influence an organisation. (2014)
1 x Sarpin (2016)
2 x Tse (2018)
the skills to communicate or interact successfully with 6 Skills mentioned
others. 4 x Bish et al.
(2014)
2 x Sarpin (2016)
0 x Tse (2018)
The skills to liaise with others from other disciplines 2 Skills mentioned
within the organisation. 1 x Bish et al.
(2014)
1 x Sarpin (2016)
0 x Tse (2018)
The skills to guide and steer others outside of the 4 Skills mentioned
organisation, towards the achievement of 3 x Bish et al.
professional/technical goals. (2014)
1 x Sarpin (2016)
0 x Tse (2018)
their best advantage. Further research is needed to
produce a competency framework to scaffold potential
learning opportunities, within local authority EAM
across Australia.
Acknowledgements/Funding Details
This research work was supported by an Australian
Government Research Training Program Scholarship.
Disclosure Statement
No financial interest, or benefit, has arisen from the direct
applications of this research.
Notes on contributors
Kylie Munn is a PhD Candidate in the School of Civil
Engineering and Surveying within the Faculty of Health,
Engineering and Science at the University of Southern
Queensland, Australia. Her research interests are
Engineering Education, Asset Management, Adult
Education/Andragogy and Sustainability.
Steven Goh PhD is the Senior Lecturer (Mechanical and
Mechatronic Engineering) in the School of Mechanical
and Electrical Engineering with the Faculty of Health,
Engineering and Science at the University of Southern
Queensland, Australia. His research interests are
Engineering Education and Management, Innovation
Management/Technology Transfer, Manufacturing &
Materials Science, Sustainability in Energy &
Infrastructure and Small Manufacturing Enterprises.
Marita Basson , PhD is the Associate Dean (Learning,
Teaching and Student Success) in the School of Civil
Engineering and Surveying, within the Faculty of Health,
Engineering and Science at the University of Southern
Queensland, Australia. Her research interests are Regional
governance, Resource regions and Regional leadership.
 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 13

David Thorpe, PhD is the Associate Professor (Engineering/ Araszkiewicz, K., 2017, “Digital Technologies in Facility
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Sustainability and resilience, Engineering and technology Atkin, B., and Bildsten, 2016, “A Future for Facility
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 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 25

APPENDIX A. Publications included within identification stage

Code Year Authors Journal Name/Conference Name Title Phase
G1 2012 Thorpe, D Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Towards authentic assessment-an P1E
Conference of the Australasian evaluation of assessment in
Association for Engineering a postgraduate engineering asset
Education Conference (AaeE 2012) management course
G2 2013 Thorpe, D Proceedings of the 24th Annual Reflections on assessment: Comparison of P1E
Conference of the Australasian assessment processes for postgraduate
Association for Engineering engineering management courses
Education (AaeE 2013)
G3 2012 Dowling, D H, Roger Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Defining your discipline to authenticate P1Ex
Conference of the Australasian your curriculum
Association for Engineering
Education Conference (AaeE 2012)
G4 2015 Mahmood, M N D, Subas Prasad: Proceedings of the 7th World Congress Towards an integrated maturity model of P1In/
Wiewiora, Anna: Keast, Robyn: Brown, on Engineering Asset Management asset management capabilities P2Ex
Kerry (WCEAM 2012)
G5 2011 Setunge, Australasian Association for A teaching tool (ISM) for development P1Ex
S E, Ruwini Engineering Education Conference and assessment of learning outcomes
2011: Developing engineers for in the emerging area of infrastructure
social justice: Community management
involvement, ethics & sustainability
5-7 December 2011, Fremantle,
Western Australia
G6 2011 Volker, L V d L, TE: Ligtvoet, Andreas Conference on applied infrastructure Developing a maturity model for P1Ex
research, Berlin infrastructural asset management
systems
G7 2018 Tse, P W Proceedings of the 11th World Essential elements in providing P1In/
Congress on Engineering Asset engineering asset management related P2In
Management, 2016, training and education courses
G8 2018 Syafar, F K, Andy: Gao, Jing Proceedings of the 11th World Mobile technologies in asset maintenance P1Ex
Congress on Engineering Asset
Management, 2016,
S1 2018 Abdul Ghafar, M I, R. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and The Malaysian AEC professionals work P1E
Humanities culture could improve organizational
team productivity during industrialized
project delivery
S2 2013 Abeyratne, U R S, V.: Setyati, A.: Triasih, R. Annals of Biomedical Engineering Cough sound analysis can rapidly P1E
diagnose childhood pneumonia
S3 2017 Aldaihani, M M A, A. A.: Terro, M. J. International Journal of Productivity and A framework for implementing Six Sigma P1E
Quality Management methodology to accredit university
campus facilities in Kuwait
S4 2012 Almasi, A Australian Journal of Mechanical Advances in driver selection and P1E
Engineering compressor arrangements of LNG
plants
S5 2010 Alpay, E G, S. European Journal of Engineering Student-led podcasting for engineering P1E
Education education
S6 2014 Amadi-Echendu, J World Transactions on Engineering and Towards effective curricula for education, P1In/
Technology Education training and certification in P2Ex
Engineering Asset Management
S7 2015 Awidi, I T C, M. Computers and Education Using management procedure gaps to P1Ex
enhance e-learning implementation in
Africa
S8 2016 Bacci, J L C, K. C.: McGrath, K.: Abraham, Journal of the American Pharmacists Strategies to facilitate the implementation P1Ex
O.: Adams, A. J.: McGivney, M. S. Association of collaborative practice agreements in
chain community pharmacies
S9 2018 Bamiah, M A B, S. N.: Rad, B. B. Journal of Engineering Science and Big data technology in education: P1Ex
Technology Advantages, implementations, and
challenges
S10 2017 Beaulieu, S E F, P. A.: Di Stefano, M.: Earth Science Informatics Toward cyberinfrastructure to facilitate P1Ex
Maffei, A.: West, P.: Hare, J. A.: Fogarty, collaboration and reproducibility for
M. marine integrated ecosystem
assessments
S11 2018 Berkett, N F, A.: Newton, M.: Sinner, J. Australian Journal of Water Resources Collaborative freshwater planning: P1Ex
changing roles for science and
scientists
S12 2015 Bevilacqua, M C, F. E.: Mazzuto, G.: Journal of Cleaner Production Cook & teach: Learning by playing P1Ex
Paciarotti, C.
S13 2016 Binti Sa’adin, S L K, S.: Jaroszweski, D. Australian Journal of Civil Engineering Heavy rainfall and flood vulnerability of P1Ex
Singapore-Malaysia high speed rail
system
S14 2013 Borrego, M K, J.: McNair, L. D.: Beddoes, K. Journal of Engineering Education Team effectiveness theory from industrial P1Ex
and organizational psychology applied
to engineering student project teams:
A research review
S15 2011 Bourg, S H, C.: Caravaca, C.: Rhodes, C.: Nuclear Engineering and Design ACSEPT - Partitioning technologies and P1Ex
Ekberg, C.: Taylor, R.: Geist, A.: Modolo, actinide science: Towards pilot facilities
G.: Cassayre, L.: Malmbeck, R.: Harrison, in Europe
M.: De Angelis, G.: Espartero, A.: Bouvet,
S.: Ouvrier, N.
(Continued)
26 K. MUNN ET AL.

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S16 2016 Bozoglu, J Journal of Information Technology in Collaboration and coordination learning P1Ex
Construction modules for BIM education
S17 2013 Briggs, R O K, G. L.: De Vreede, G. J.: Journal of Management Information Facilitator-in-a-box: Process support P1Ex
Lukosch, S.: Albrecht, C. C. Systems applications to help practitioners
realize the potential of collaboration
technology
S18 2011 Burton, D G, A. D.: Hammermeister, J. International Journal of Sports Science Competitive engineering: Structural P1Ex
and Coaching climate modifications to enhance youth
athletes’ competitive experience
S19 2015 Carlson, C B, O.: Kirshen, P.: Foltz, K. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Storm water management as a public P1Ex
Management good provision problem: Survey to
understand perspectives of low-impact
development for urban storm water
management practices under climate
change
S20 2018 Chan, M M B, P. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem- Exploring problem-based learning for P1Ex
based Learning middle school design and engineering
education in digital fabrication
laboratories
S21 2010 Chandra, J A P S, R. D. International Journal of Distance E-learning in engineering education: P1Ex
Education Technologies Design of a collaborative advanced
remote access laboratory
S22 2016 Cheung, T W C C, L.: O’Loughlin, K.: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal Understanding decision-making towards P1Ex
Shuttleworth, R. housework among women with upper
limb repetitive strain injury
S23 2014 Chua, K J Y, W. M.: Leo, H. L. International Journal of Technology and Enhanced and conventional project-based P1Ex
Design Education learning in an engineering design
module
S24 2012 Chui, M A M, D. A.: Maxwell, L. Research in Social and Administrative A qualitative assessment of a community P1Ex
Pharmacy pharmacy cognitive pharmaceutical
services program, using a work system
approach
S25 2013 Cobb, J N D, G.: Greenberg, A.: Clark, R.: Theoretical and Applied Genetics Next-generation phenotyping: P1Ex
McCouch, S. Requirements and strategies for
enhancing our understanding of
genotype-phenotype relationships and
its relevance to crop improvement
S26 2013 Conde, M Á P, F. G.: Alier, M.: Casany, M. J.: International Journal of Engineering Mobile devices applied to computer P1Ex
Piguillem, J. Education science subjects to consume
institutional functionalities through
a personal learning environment
S27 2018 Cook, J E, P.: Kinkead, D. Environmental Research Letters Deconstructing climate misinformation to P1Ex
identify reasoning errors
S28 2017 Crick, R D B, S.: Green, H.: Pedder, D. Educational Management Evaluating the wider outcomes of schools: P1Ex
Administration and Leadership Complex systems modelling for
leadership decisioning
S29 2015 Da Conceição, A V B, D.: Lopes, L. V.: ecancermedicalscience Oncology pharmacy units: A safety policy P1Ex
Miguel, F.: Bessa, F.: Monteiro, F.: for handling hazardous drugs and
Santos, C.: Oliveira, B.: Santos, L. L. related waste in low- and middle-
income African countries - Angolan
experience
S30 2012 Dalmon, D L B, L. O.: Brandão, A. A. F.: Journal of Research and Practice in A domain engineering for interactive P1Ex
Isotani, S. Information Technology learning modules
S31 2012 Danjuma, I R, A. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Qualitative inquiry on service quality of P1Ex
Sciences academic library in a Nigerian
technological university
S32 2015 De Los Ríos-Carmenado, I L, F. R.: García, International Journal of Engineering Promoting professional project P1Ex
C. P. Education management skills in engineering
higher education: Project-based
learning (PBL) strategy
S33 2015 Desha, C R, D.: Sproul, A. Journal of Cleaner Production Working in partnership to develop P1Ex
engineering capability in energy
efficiency
S34 2016 Deveci, T N, R. Asian ESP Journal Development in freshman engineering P1Ex
students’ emotional intelligence in
project-based courses
S35 2017 Dhanya, J S K, D. International Journal of Applied Business Clair model for better work life balance P1Ex
and Economic Research and empowerment of women faculty in
professional colleges of Kerala
S36 2016 Dhanya, J S K, D. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Study on work life balance of teachers in P1Ex
Sciences engineering colleges in Kerala
S37 2014 Díaz Redondo, R P F V, A.: Pazos Arias, J. J.: Computer Applications in Engineering Collaborative and role-play strategies in P1Ex
Gil Solla, A. Education software engineering learning with
web 2.0 tools
S38 2017 Dill, J S, O.: Howe, D. Journal of Transport and Health Promotion of active transportation among P1Ex
state departments of transportation in
the U.S
(Continued)
 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 27

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S39 2018 Ding, B Process Safety and Environmental Pharma Industry 4.0: Literature review P1Ex
Protection and research opportunities in
sustainable pharmaceutical supply
chains
S40 2015 Ding, Z Z, J.: Wu, J.: Wang, J. Y. Engineering, Construction and Key factors for the BIM adoption by P1Ex
Architectural Management architects: A China study
S41 2017 Doan, L N D, A. P. Journal of Sustainable Water in the Built Bioretention-Cistern-Irrigation Treatment P1Ex
Environment Train to Minimize Stormwater Runoff
S42 2013 Dudley, L S, T. E.: Nathan, R.: Kirsten, R.: South African Medical Journal Re-launch of the South African Society of P1Ex
Ciapparelli, P.: Mutshekwane, M. N.: Medical Managers (previously known
Basu, D. as the medical administrators group)
S43 2010 Duhon, H J G, J. L.: Robinson, N. A. SPE Projects, Facilities and Construction Planning and procedures for the initial P1Ex
startup of subsea production systems
S44 2017 Duke, T H, I.: Kaupa, M.: Karubi, J.: Journal of Global Health Solar powered oxygen systems in remote P1Ex
Panauwe, D.: Sa’avu, M.: Pulsan, F.: health centers in Papua New Guinea:
Prasad, P.: Maru, F.: Tenambo, H.: A large scale implementation
Kwaramb, A.: Neal, E.: Graham, H.: effectiveness trial
Izadnegahdar, R.
S45 2013 Eadie, R B, M.: Odeyinka, H.: McKeown, C.: Automation in Construction BIM implementation throughout the UK P1Ex
McNiff, S. construction project life cycle: An
analysis
S46 2017 Ebrahim, M A B P S, H.: Mobarak, Y.: International Journal of Engineering Factors affecting design, construction and P1Ex
Soliman, M. F.: Abdel-Aziz, M. H.: Education renovation of engineering laboratories
Abouelfadl, A.: Bassyouni, M.: Aman, M.:
Zaman, A. U.
S47 2017 English, L D K, D. International Journal of Engineering Engineering education with fourth-grade P1Ex
Education students: Introducing design-based
problem solving
S48 2019 Eppard, J H, Z.: Ozdemir-Ayber, P.: Rodjan- International Journal of Interactive Using mobile learning tools in higher P1Ex
Helder, M.: Baroudi, S. Mobile Technologies education: A UAE case
S49 2016 Fleiter, J J W, B. Accident Analysis and Prevention Addressing the road trauma burden in P1Ex
China: Exploring attitudes, behaviours,
risk perceptions and cultural
uniqueness
S50 2010 Foldvary-Schramko, H K D, A. Academic Journal of Manufacturing Knowledge Management in engineering P1Ex
Engineering high education - A possible approach
S51 2019 Galvis, Á H A, A.: Ramírez, A.: Cortés, D. C.: Kybernetes Reengineering engineering education at P1Ex
Cantor, H. the University of los Andes: The
REDINGE2 pilot project
S52 2019 Gamage, S H P W A, J. R.: Behrend, M. B.: International Journal of STEM Education Optimising Moodle quizzes for online P1Ex
Smith, E. J. assessments
S53 2012 Gao, D T, Y. Frontiers of Environmental Science and Current molecular biologic techniques for P1Ex
Engineering in China characterizing environmental microbial
community
S54 2012 Garcia, I Perspectives: Studies in Translatology Machines, translations and memories: P1Ex
Language transfer in the web browser
S55 2011 García, J A, A.: Sánchez, M. I.: Bermón, L. Information and Software Technology Design guidelines for software processes P1Ex
knowledge repository development
S56 2019 Garone, A P, B.: Tondeur, J.: Cocquyt, C.: British Journal of Educational Clustering university teaching staff P1Ex
Vanslambrouck, S.: Bruggeman, B.: Technology through UTAUT: Implications for the
Struyven, K. acceptance of a new learning
management system
S57 2015 Garrick, R M, R. Seminars in Dialysis Dialysis facility safety: Processes and P1Ex
opportunities
S58 2017 Gerges, M A, S.: Mayouf, M.: Ahiakwo, O.: Journal of Information Technology in An investigation into the P1Ex
Jaeger, M.: Saad, A.: Gohary, T. E. Construction implementationof building information
modelingin the middle east
S59 2016 Ghahramani, A Journal of Cleaner Production Factors that influence the maintenance P1Ex
and improvement of OHSAS 18001 in
adopting companies: A qualitative
study
S60 2014 Gil-Ribes, J A F, L.: Castro-Garcia, S.: HortTechnology How agricultural engineers develop P1Ex
Blanco-Rodán, G. L. mechanical harvesters: The university
perspective
S61 2018 Haidar, A M A S, V.: Elphick, S. International Journal of Electrical A multipurpose problem-based learning P1Ex
Engineering Education platform for education and research
under smart grid umbrella
S62 2018 Haynes, E K, D. M.: Strahlendorf, P.: Safety Science A cross-Canada knowledge transfer and P1Ex
Holness, D. L.: Kushner, R.: Tenkate, T. exchange workplace intervention
targeting the adoption of sun safety
programs and practices: Sun Safety at
Work Canada
S63 2019 Herzog, S P E, W. A.: Halpin, B. N.: Water (Switzerland) Co-design of engineered hyporheic zones P1Ex
Portmann, A. C.: Fitzgerald, N. J. M.: to improve in-stream stormwater
Ward, A. S.: Higgins, C. P.: McCray, J. E. treatment and facilitate regulatory
approval
(Continued)
28 K. MUNN ET AL.

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S64 2018 Hijazi, I D, A.: Kolbe, T. H. ISPRS International Journal of Geo- BIM-GIS integration as dedicated and P1Ex
Information independent course for Geoinformatics
students: Merits, challenges, and ways
forward
S65 2018 Holmes, D W S, M.: Birks, M.: Smithson, J. European Journal of Engineering Development of a competency mapping P1Ex
Education tool for undergraduate professional
degree programmes, using mechanical
engineering as a case study
S66 2011 Horaska, D D S J, C. M.: Bonnivier, B. M.: SPE Projects, Facilities and Construction Safety-management programs and P1Ex
Dickinson, A. L.: Conaway, J. L. standardized application equipment
minimize risks of nonconventional
chemical usage
S67 2013 Hustad, E A, A. A. B. Journal of Integrated Design and Process Facilitating teaching and learning P1Ex
Science capabilities in social learning
management systems: challenges,
issues, and implications for design
S68 2018 Huynh, T G Y T, V. M. Asian ESP Journal Using intensive technology in teaching P1Ex
English for environmental engineering:
A case study at Danang university of
science and technology, the university
of Danang, Vietnam
S69 2018 Indra Devi, S S, B.: Noraini, H.: Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Managing engineering undergraduates’ P1Ex
Bharanidharan, S. Technology language anxiety: Instructor role in
online threaded discussions
S70 2017 Ismail, N A, A. F. M.: Yunus, A. S. M.: Jalil, Advanced Science Letters Utilising CIDOS LMS in technical higher P1Ex
H. A. education: The influence of
compatibility roles on consistency of
use
S71 2014 Ismail, Z K, K. K.: Othman, S. Z.: Law, K. H.: Measurement: Journal of the Evaluating accidents in the offshore P1Ex
Khoo, S. Y.: Ong, Z. C.: Shirazi, S. M. International Measurement drilling of petroleum: Regional picture
Confederation and reducing impact
S72 2013 Issa, T K, P. International Journal of Web Based Social networking for web-based P1Ex
Communities communities
S73 2011 Jabar, J S, C.: Santa, R. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Organisational learning as an antecedent P1Ex
Management of technology transfer and new
product development: A study of
manufacturing firms in Malaysia
S74 2018 Jacob, C T, S.: Pioch, S. Marine Policy Marine biodiversity offsetting: An analysis P1Ex
of the emergence of an environmental
governance system in California
S75 2014 Jacobson, C C, R. W.: Thomsen, D. C.: Ocean and Coastal Management Monitoring and evaluation for adaptive P1Ex
Smith, T. F. coastal management
S76 2013 Jain, R S, S.: Sinha, G. TQM Journal Developing a scale to measure students’ P1Ex
perception of service quality in the
Indian context
S77 2019 Jin, R Z, Y.: Gidado, K.: Ashton, P.: Painting, Engineering, Construction and Scientometric analysis of BIM-based P1Ex
N. Architectural Management research in construction engineering
and management
S78 2018 Johnston, K H, K.: Hadley, F. British Journal of Educational Supporting young children as digital P1Ex
Technology citizens: The importance of shared
understandings of technology to
support integration in play-based
learning
S79 2013 Jollands, M P, R. Sustainability (Switzerland) Developing engineering students’ P1Ex
understanding of sustainability using
project based learning
S80 2019 Kaewunruen, S N, C.: Ng, J. Engineering Structures Influence of time-dependent material P1Ex
degradation on life cycle serviceability
of interspersed railway tracks due to
moving train loads
S81 2019 Kansake, B A K, F. A.: Dumakor-Dupey, Resources Policy The future of mining in Ghana: Are P1Ex
N. K.: Arthur, C. K. stakeholders prepared for the adoption
of autonomous mining systems?
S82 2014 Kasai, N J, C. J. C. International Journal of Sustainable Built Barriers to green buildings at two Brazilian P1Ex
Environment Engineering Schools
S83 2010 Kastner, M L, J.: Lottridge, D.: Marquez, C.: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision- Development of a prototype clinical P1Ex
Newton, D.: Straus, S. E. Making decision support tool for osteoporosis
disease management: A qualitative
study of focus groups
S84 2016 Khalil, N K, S. N.: Baharum, M. R. Ecological Indicators Ranking the indicators of building P1Ex
performance and the users’ risk via
Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP):
Case of Malaysia
S85 2013 Kim, M J W, X.: Love, P. E. D.: Li, H.: Kang, Journal of Information Technology in Virtual reality for the built environment: P1Ex
S. C. Construction A critical review of recent advances
S86 2016 Kim, M S International Journal of Engineering Capstone course support system with P1Ex
Education knowledge acquisition and utilization
for participant-directed learning
S87 2017 Kimball, P B Marine Technology Charting a course for a STEM future P1Ex
(Continued)
 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 29

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S88 2019 Kirchhoff, C J W, P. L. Journal of the American Water Resources Are wastewater systems adapting to P1Ex
Association climate change?
S89 2011 Kist, A A B, L. International Journal of Emerging Mapping learning outcomes and P1Ex
Technologies in Learning assignment tasks for SPIDER activities
S90 2013 Kivits, R A F, C. The Scientific World Journal BIM: Enabling sustainability and asset P1Ex
management through knowledge
management
S91 2010 Klebl, M K, B. J.: Zobel, A. British Journal of Educational From content to practice: Sharing P1Ex
Technology educational practice in edu-sharing
S92 2012 Knox, O G G W, R. L.: Booth, E. J.: Hall, C.: Journal of Experimental Botany Capitalizing on deliberate, accidental, and P1Ex
Crossan, A. N.: Gupta, V. V. S. R. GM-driven environmental change
caused by crop modification
S93 2016 Konanahalli, A O, L. O. Construction Management and Emotional intelligence and British P1Ex
Economics expatriates’ cross-cultural adjustment
in international construction projects
S94 2017 Kontogianni, S M, N. Safety Science Investigation of the occupational health P1Ex
and safety conditions in Hellenic solid
waste management facilities and
assessment of the in-situ hazard level
S95 2019 Kurniawan, B S, E. S. Journal of Engineering Science and Radio frequency identification for P1Ex
Technology academic management
S96 2015 Lam, P T I J, A. A. Journal of Performance of Constructed Comparative study on the use of output P1Ex
Facilities specifications for Australian and U.K.
PPP/PFI projects
S97 2014 Lam, T G, K. Engineering, Construction and Highway maintenance: Impact of P1Ex
Architectural Management framework agreements on contractor
performance
S98 2019 Lee, D International Journal of Innovation Learning from design-prototyping P1Ex
Science interaction for engineering innovation
from a cross-functional perspective
S99 2014 Lee, J G, H.: Loo, Y. C.: Blumenstein, M. Journal of Infrastructure Systems Development of a long-term bridge P1Ex
element performance model using
elman neural networks
S100 2016 Lee, S T, S.: Yoo, S.: Shin, S. Journal of Management in Engineering Impact of Business Portfolio P1Ex
Diversification on Construction
Company Insolvency in Korea
S101 2019 Leorin, C S, E.: Nugent, C.: Cleland, I.: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive The value of including people with P1Ex
Paggetti, C. Disorders dementia in the co-design of
personalized ehealth technologies
S102 2014 Leung, M Y Y, J.: Liang, Q. Journal of Management in Engineering Analysis of the relationships between P1Ex
value management techniques, conflict
management, and workshop
satisfaction of construction participants
S103 2017 Li, L Y, J.: Ning, Y.: Shao, Q.: Zhang, J. Journal of Healthcare Engineering Exploring space management goals in P1Ex
institutional care facilities in China
S104 2017 Liao, P C L, B.: Wang, Y.: Wang, X.: Ganbat, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Work paradigm as a moderator between P1Ex
T. cognitive factors and behaviors –
A comparison of mechanical and rebar
workers
S105 2014 Ligons, F M M-T, C.: Handler, S. M.: International Journal of Medical Assessing the impact of cognitive P1Ex
Romagnoli, K. M.: Hochheiser, H. Informatics impairment on the usability of an
electronic medication delivery unit in
an assisted living population
S106 2016 Lim, B T H W, Z.: Oo, B. L. International Journal of Sustainable Change management for sustainable P1Ex
Building Technology and Urban competitive advantages: the roles of
Development organisational culture and employees
in the Chinese construction firms
S107 2012 Lisek, J B, T. Vjesnik Bibliotekara Hrvatske Guess who’s coming? use of information P1Ex
and communication technology (ICT)
and learning styles of the newly
enrolled generation of students at the
faculty of electrical engineering and
computing (FER)
S108 2019 Liversage, K K, J.: Aps, R.: Fetissov, M.: Science of the Total Environment Knowledge to decision in dynamic seas: P1Ex
Nurkse, K.: Orav-Kotta, H.: Rätsep, M.: Methods to incorporate non-
Forsström, T.: Fowler, A.: Lehtiniemi, M.: indigenous species into cumulative
Normant-Saremba, M.: Puntila-Dodd, impact assessments for maritime
R.: Arula, T.: Hubel, K.: Ojaveer, H. spatial planning
S109 2016 López, I T, H.: Aragonés, L.: García-Barba, J. Science of the Total Environment The multifunctional artificial reef and its P1Ex
role in the defence of the
Mediterranean coast
S110 2016 Loughlin, S C, M.: Huerta, J.: Maddock, K.: Biomedical Instrumentation and A roundtable discussion: Enhancing P1Ex
Mestek, M. Technology supportability of healthcare technology
S111 2015 Lowe, D D, B.: Daniel, K.: Murray, S.: European Journal of Engineering On the viability of supporting institutional P1Ex
Lindsay, E. Education sharing of remote laboratory facilities
S112 2014 Maiti, A M, A. D.: Kist, A. A. International Journal of Online Features, trends and characteristics of P1Ex
Engineering remote access laboratory management
systems
(Continued)
30 K. MUNN ET AL.

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S113 2019 Malek, J D, T. N. Journal of Cleaner Production Prioritization of sustainable P1Ex
manufacturing barriers using Best
Worst Method
S114 2017 Man, S S C, A. H. S.: Wong, H. M. Safety Science Risk-taking behaviors of Hong Kong P1Ex
construction workers – A thematic
study
S115 2011 Mashford, J M, D.: Tran, D.: May, R. Journal of Computing in Civil Prediction of sewer condition grade using P1Ex
Engineering support vector machines
S116 2019 Masood, H T, C. Y.: Teoh, W. Y.: Sethu, V.: ACS Catalysis Machine learning for accelerated P1Ex
Amal, R. discovery of solar photocatalysts
S117 2012 McCown, R L Agricultural Systems A cognitive systems framework to inform P1Ex
delivery of analytic support for farmers’
intuitive management under seasonal
climatic variability
S118 2011 McIntosh, B S A, J. C.: Twery, M.: Chew, J.: Environmental Modelling and Software Environmental decision support systems P1Ex
Elmahdi, A.: Haase, D.: Harou, J. J.: (EDSS) development - Challenges and
Hepting, D.: Cuddy, S.: Jakeman, A. J.: best practices
Chen, S.: Kassahun, A.: Lautenbach, S.:
Matthews, K.: Merritt, W.: Quinn,
N. W. T.: Rodriguez-Roda, I.: Sieber, S.:
Stavenga, M.: Sulis, A.: Ticehurst, J.:
Volk, M.: Wrobel, M.: van Delden, H.: El-
Sawah, S.: Rizzoli, A.: Voinov, A.
S119 2014 Migliaccio, G C B, S. M.: Cordova-Alvidrez, Journal of Construction Engineering and Continuous quality improvement P1Ex
A. A. Management techniques for data collection in asset
management systems
S120 2017 Mo, J P T T, Y. M. Australasian Journal of Engineering Project-based learning of systems P1Ex
Education engineering V model with the support
of 3D printing
S121 2018 Mukherjee, M T, K. International Journal of Disaster Risk Urban green space as a countermeasure P1Ex
Reduction to increasing urban risk and the UGS-
3CC resilience framework
S122 2013 Murphy, G S, S. European Journal of Engineering Using social media to facilitate knowledge P1Ex
Education transfer in complex engineering
environments: A primer for educators
S123 2010 Murphy, G D Reliability Engineering and System Safety Testing a tri-partite contingent model of P1Ex
engineering cultures: A pilot study
S124 2016 Naddeo, V Z, T.: Oliva, G.: Kubo, A.: Ukida, Chemical Engineering Transactions Odour measurement in wastewater P1Ex
N.: Higuchi, T. treatment plant by a new prototype of
e.nose: Correlation and comparison
study with reference to both European
and Japanese approaches
S125 2019 Naidoo, V S, M. N. International Journal of Health Care Graduate experiences with transnational P1Ex
Quality Assurance nursing education: a qualitative
enquiry
S126 2016 Nepal, K P International Journal of Engineering Simplified framework for managing team P1Ex
Education learning in engineering subjects
S127 2012 Ng, L S C, M. A. Q. Journal of Diabetes Science and One more thing to think about . . . P1Ex
Technology Cognitive burden experienced by
intensive care unit nurses when
implementing a tight glucose control
protocol
S128 2015 Nikolic, S R, C.: Vial, P. J.: Ros, M.: Stirling, IEEE Transactions on Education Decoding Student Satisfaction: How to P1Ex
D. Manage and Improve the Laboratory
Experience
S129 2016 Nyarugwe, S P L, A.: Hofstede, G. J.: Trends in Food Science and Technology Determinants for conducting food safety P1Ex
Fogliano, V.: Luning, P. A. culture research
S130 2019 Obertová, Z L, A.: Messina, C.: Vanzulli, A.: Forensic Science International Postmortem imaging of perimortem P1Ex
Fliss, B.: Cattaneo, C.: Sconfienza, L. M. skeletal trauma
S131 2015 Odukoya, O K S, J. A.: Chui, M. A. Journal of the American Pharmacists Barriers and facilitators to recovering from P1Ex
Association e-prescribing errors in community
pharmacies
S132 2018 Ograjenšek, I G, I. Quality and Reliability Engineering The megaclass as a service production P1Ex
International system and the challenge of facilitating
its continuous quality improvement:
Towards a research agenda in
a complex domain
S133 2016 Ogunyemi, A A L, D.: Adagunodo, E. R.: International Journal of Human- Theory, practice and policy: An inquiry P1Ex
Loizides, F.: Da Rosa, I. B. Computer Interaction into the uptake of HCI practices in the
software industry of a developing
country
S134 2015 Ojiako, U C, M.: Marshall, A.: Ashleigh, Project Management Journal Project management learning: P1Ex
M. J.: Williams, T. A comparative study between
engineering students’ experiences in
South Africa and the United Kingdom
S135 2014 Olatunji, O A Proceedings of Institution of Civil Views on building information modelling, P1Ex
Engineers: Management, Procurement procurement and contract
and Law management
(Continued)
 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 31

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S136 2016 Ong, H Y W, C.: Zainon, N. EMJ - Engineering Management Journal Integrated earned value Gantt chart (EV- P1Ex
Gantt) tool for project portfolio
planning and monitoring optimization
S137 2019 Opawole, A K-S, K.: Alao, O. O.: Ogbaje, Journal of Engineering, Design and Risk factors associated with procuring P1Ex
C. P. Technology university hostel facilities through
build-operate-transfer model
S138 2019 Oyewole, E O D, J. O. Built Environment Project and Asset Training gaps in the adoption of building P1Ex
Management information modelling by Nigerian
construction professionals
S139 2016 Pan, B Y, J.: Zhang, X.: Wang, Z.: Chen, J.: International Journal of Sediment A review of ecological restoration P1Ex
Lu, J.: Yang, W.: Li, Z.: Zhao, N.: Xu, M. Research techniques in fluvial rivers
S140 2017 Pärn, E A E, D. J.: Sing, M. C. P. Automation in Construction The building information modelling P1Ex
trajectory in facilities management:
A review
S141 2017 Peng, X Y, J.: Shen, S.: Gao, M.: Chesman, Advanced Functional Materials Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells P1Ex
A. S. R.: Yin, H.: Cheng, J.: Zhang, Q.: Fabricated by Inkjet Printing: Progress
Angmo, D. and Prospects
S142 2017 Randolph, M F G, C. Australian Geomechanics Journal Genesis of the national geotechnical P1Ex
centrifuge facility - A 30 year
perspective
S143 2017 Regueiro, A P, D.: Míguez, C.: Cuevas, M. Computer Applications in Engineering A practice for engineering students based P1Ex
Education on the control and monitoring an
experimental biomass combustor using
labview
S144 2015 Remennikov, A M K, S. Journal of Performance of Constructed Determination of prestressing force in P1Ex
Facilities railway concrete sleepers using
dynamic relaxation technique
S145 2019 Ren, H M, Z.: Lin, W.: Wang, S.: Li, W. Energy Conversion and Management Optimal design and size of a desiccant P1Ex
cooling system with onsite energy
generation and thermal storage using
a multilayer perceptron neural network
and a genetic algorithm
S146 2014 Richardson, J E M, S.: Kaushal, R. Applied Clinical Informatics A case report in health information P1Ex
exchange for inter-organizational
patient transfers
S147 2013 Rosecrance, J T, T.: Menger, L.: Gilkey, D.: Journal of Agricultural Engineering Health and safety challenges associated P1Ex
Roman-Muniz, N. with immigrant dairy workers
S148 2017 Ross, R Australasian Journal of Engineering MoodleNFC–integrating smart student ID P1Ex
Education cards with moodle for laboratory
assessment
S149 2017 Rothmore, P A, P.: Oakman, J.: Tappin, D.: Applied Ergonomics The stage of change approach for P1Ex
Gray, J.: Karnon, J. implementing ergonomics advice –
Translating research into practice
S150 2018 Sadler, K E, E.: Bigger, S. W.: Barry, F. Studies in Higher Education University-led STEM outreach programs: P1Ex
purposes, impacts, stakeholder needs
and institutional support at nine
Australian universities
S151 2016 Sakurai, A S, T. Journal of Disaster Research Promoting education for disaster P1Ex
resilience and the Sendai framework for
disaster risk reduction
S152 2018 Sanganyado, E N, S. Education Sciences Incorporating sustainability into P1Ex
engineering and chemical education
using E-learning
S153 2019 Saw, A E M, A. S.: Kountouris, A. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Vertebral artery dissection in sport: Expert P1Ex
opinion of mechanisms and risk-
reduction strategies
S154 2012 Seligmann, B J N, E.: Hangos, K. M.: Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process A blended hazard identification P1Ex
Cameron, I. T. Industries methodology to support process
diagnosis
S155 2017 Sellés, M G P, E. P.: Juncà, M. A.: Ortiz, L. R.: Journal of Technology and Science Improving transversal competences by P1Ex
Marginedas, L. R. Education using wikis in collaborative work
S156 2014 Selva, M L M M, R. P.: Marzal, C. C. Revista de Estudios Regionales Qualityand efficiency of Spanish Public P1Ex
Universities
S157 2010 Sertyesilisik, B T, A.: McLouglin, J. Safety Science An investigation of lifting operations on P1Ex
UK construction sites
S158 2016 Sharma, V D, A. R.: Qadri, M. A. Benchmarking Empirical assessment of the causal P1Ex
relationships among lean criteria using
DEMATEL method
S159 2018 Silva, A T L, M. C.: Castro-Santos, T.: Fish and Fisheries The future of fish passage science,
Katopodis, C.: Baumgartner, L. J.: engineering, and practice
Thiem, J. D.: Aarestrup, K.: Pompeu,
P. S.: O’Brien, G. C.: Braun, D. C.: Burnett,
N. J.: Zhu, D. Z.: Fjeldstad, H. P.: Forseth,
T.: Rajaratnam, N.: Williams, J. G.:
Cooke, S. J.
S160 2013 Smith, S M, K. Journal of Coastal Research Manipulation of water levels to facilitate P1Ex
vegetation change in a coastal lagoon
undergoing partial tidal restoration
(cape cod, Massachusetts)
(Continued)
32 K. MUNN ET AL.

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S161 2011 Sporrong, J Australasian Journal of Construction Criteria in consultant selection: Public P1Ex
Economics and Building procurement of architectural and
engineering services
S162 2017 Ssegawa, J K K, D. European Journal of Engineering A self-assessment of the propensity to P1Ex
Education obtain future employment: A case of
final-year engineering students at the
University of Botswana
S163 2015 Stacey, N K, J.: Jackson, M.: Kennett, R.: Ocean and Coastal Management Knowledge exchange as a tool for P1Ex
Wagey, T. transboundary and coastal
management of the Arafura and Timor
Seas
S164 2016 Steege, L M D, J. G. Applied Ergonomics A macroergonomic perspective on fatigue P1Ex
and coping in the hospital nurse work
system
S165 2015 Steeves, J A T-L, C.: Murphy, R. A.: King, International Journal of Behavioral Classification of occupational activity P1Ex
G. A.: Fitzhugh, E. C.: Harris, T. B. Nutrition and Physical Activity categories using accelerometry:
NHANES 2003-2004
S166 2010 Straker, L M, B.: Burgess-Limerick, R.: Ergonomics Evidence-based guidelines for the wise P1Ex
Johnson, P.: Dennerlein, J. use of computers by children: Physical
development guidelines
S167 2018 Tang, K H D M D, S. Z.: Olugu, E. U. Safety Science A review of the offshore oil and gas safety P1Ex
indices
S168 2017 Tayal, D Renewable and Sustainable Energy Achieving high renewable energy P1Ex
Reviews penetration in Western Australia using
data digitisation and machine learning
S169 2018 Tejedor, G S, J.: Rosas-Casals, M. Journal of Cleaner Production Transdisciplinarity in higher education for P1Ex
sustainability: How discourses are
approached in engineering education
S170 2017 Thabet, W L, J. Journal of Construction Engineering and Asset data handover for a large P1Ex
Management educational institution: Case-study
approach
S171 2016 Thanyawatpornkul, R S, S.: Johri, L. M. Facilities Employee’s perspective towards strategy P1Ex
execution in facility management in
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S172 2014 Thomas, R E J, M. F.: Frostick, L. E.: Parsons, Journal of Hydraulic Research Physical modelling of water, fauna and P1Ex
D. R.: Bouma, T. J.: Dijkstra, J. T.: Eiff, O.: flora: Knowledge gaps, avenues for
Gobert, S.: Henry, P. Y.: Kemp, P.: future research and infrastructural
McLelland, S. J.: Moulin, F. Y.: Myrhaug, needs
D.: Neyts, A.: Paul, M.: Penning, W. E.:
Puijalon, S.: Rice, S. P.: Stanica, A.:
Tagliapietra, D.: Tal, M.: Tørum, A.:
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S173 2012 Tilbury, T S, L. Work Using MSD prevention for cultural change P1Ex
in mining: Queensland Government/
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S174 2015 Trappey, A J C T, C. V.: Ma, L.: Chang, Computers and Industrial Engineering Intelligent engineering asset P1Ex
J. C. M. management system for power
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S175 2019 Tupas, F P M, T. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia Moving forward in stem education, P1Ex
challenges and innovations in senior
high school in the Philippines: The case
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S176 2018 Vaccari, M P, A.: Stolfini, M.: Tudor, T. International Journal of Health Care Overcoming public health risks to staff P1Ex
Quality Assurance during the management of waste from
healthcare facilities: Case studies from
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S177 2010 van Eerd, D C, D.: Irvin, E.: Mahood, Q.: Ergonomics Process and implementation of P1Ex
Keown, K.: Theberge, N.: Village, J.: participatory ergonomic interventions:
St. Vincent, M.: Cullen, K. A systematic review
S178 2018 Verdín, D G, A.: Ross, M. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Stem roles: How students’ ontological P1Ex
Education Research perspectives facilitate stem identities
S179 2013 Vlachantoni, I T N, A.: Petridou, E. Journal of Public Health (Germany) Implementation of effective policies for P1Ex
the prevention of unintentional
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S180 2019 Walsh, C L, M. C. Safety Science A review of human factors and food safety P1Ex
in Ireland
S181 2010 Wan, N N S, N. R. M.: Mustafa, Z.: Ismail, ANZIAM Journal Modelling of quality technical education P1Ex
W. R.: Ali, Z. M.: Shahabuddin, F. A. A. using path analysis
S182 2019 Wang, D F, H.: Fang, S. EMJ - Engineering Management Journal The relationship between relational P1Ex
quality and megaproject success: The
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S183 2010 Wang, J D, W. J.: Deng, X. Journal of Organizational and End User A model of system re-configurability and P1Ex
Computing pedagogical usability in an e-learning
context: A faculty perspective
(Continued)
 AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 33

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
S184 2012 Wengle, S A Economy and Society Engineers versus managers: Experts, P1Ex
market-making and state-building in
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S185 2015 Whyte, A D, J. Built Environment Project and Asset Digital model data distribution in civil P1Ex
Management engineering contracts
S186 2014 Wolfe, S E Environmental Practice Original article: Women’s choices and P1Ex
Canadian water research and policy:
A study of professionals’ careers,
mentorship, and experiential
knowledge
S187 2010 Wong, S W S, R.: Crowe, P. ANZ Journal of Surgery Optimizing the operating theatre P1Ex
environment
S188 2015 Xerri, M J N, S. A.: Brunetto, Y.: Reid, Journal of Organizational Change NPM and change management in asset P1Ex
S. R. M. Management management organisations
S189 2016 Yilmaz, K U, B.: Davis, J.: Nilson, G. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Tight gas development in the Mezardere P1Ex
Engineering Formation, Thrace Basin Turkey
S190 2015 Yuan, J C, A. P. C.: Xiong, W.: Skibniewski, Journal of Management in Engineering Perception of residual value risk in public P1Ex
M. J.: Li, Q. private partnership projects: Critical
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S191 2010 Zadvinskis, I M S, S. L. Western Journal of Nursing Research Effects of a multifaceted minimal-lift P1Ex
environment for nursing staff: Pilot
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S192 2019 Zanni, M S, T.: Lammers, P.: Arnold, L.: Buildings Developing a methodology for P1Ex
Pickard, J. integration of whole life costs into BIM
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S193 2019 Zhang, J X, H.: Schmidt, K.: Xia, B.: Li, H.: Journal of Professional Issues in Integrated experiential learning-based P1Ex
Skitmore, M. Engineering Education and Practice framework to facilitate project planning
in civil engineering and construction
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S194 2016 Zhang, L E-G, N. M. Journal of Construction Engineering and Discovering stakeholder values for P1Ex
Management axiology-based value analysis of
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S195 2019 Zhang, R X, Y. Journal of Energy Engineering Data-driven dynamic security assessment P1Ex
and control of power systems: An
online sequential learning method
S196 2019 Zou, P X W X, X.: Jin, R.: Painting, N.: Li, B. Journal of Professional Issues in AEC students’ perceptions of BIM practice P1Ex
Engineering Education and Practice at Swinburne University of Technology
E1 2019 Stoppel, C M Air & Space Power Journal Evaluating the Train- Advise- Assist P1Ex
Mission Impact on Engineering and
Facilities Management in the Afghan
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E2 2018 Splan, R S, M.: Anderson, K.: Skelly, C.: NACTA Journal Opportunities to address the P1Ex
Westendorf, M.: Williams, C.: Kenny, L.: transdisciplinary and global challenges
Bott-Knutson, R. C. of climate change in an equine science
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E3 2019 Moore, M O L, Paul: Sinnott, Derek: Russell Environment, Development & Extending communities of practice: P1Ex
O’ Connor, Jane Sustainability A partnership model for sustainable
schools
E4 2018 Azasu, S A, Yewande: Babatunde, International Journal of Strategic South African stakeholder views of the P1In/
Oluwayomi Property Management competency requirements of facilities P2Ex
management graduates
E5 2015 Gupta, D M, Rizwan K.: Mathur, Ayush: North American Journal of Medical Dental caries and their treatment needs in P1Ex
Teja Srinivas, Kavuri: Jain, Ankita: Sciences 3-5 year old preschool children in
Dommaraju, Neelima: Ranjan Dalai, a rural district of India
Deepak: Kumar Gupta, Rajendra
E6 2019 Lai, J T, Kung-Jen: Lian, Jonathan K. M.: Facilities Facilities management education in the P1In/
Kim, Jun Ha Four Asian Dragons: A review P2Ex
E7 2014 Autti, O H-B, Eeva Kaisa Journal of Research in Rural Education School closures in rural Finnish P1Ex
communities
E8 2018 Craig, A T J, Cynthia A.: Sio, Alison R.: Lauri, BMC Health Services Research Towards effective outbreak detection: P1Ex
Michael: Kaldor, John: Rosewell, a qualitative study to identify factors
Alexander E.: Schierhout, Gill affecting nurses’ early warning
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E9 2013 Awang, M B M, Abd Hakim: Sapri, Journal of Global Management Transformation of Malaysian polytechnics P1In/
Maimunah: Rahman, Mohd Shahril inevitabilities facility management P2Ex
Abdul competencies
E10 2016 Sarpin, N Y, Jay: Xia, Bo Facilities Developing a people capability P1In/
framework to promote sustainability in P2In
facility management practices
E11 2014 Wyton, P P, Robin Action Learning: Research & Practice Exploring the development of P1Ex
competence in Lean management
through action learning groups: a study
of the introduction of Lean to
a facilities management function
E12 2012 Wright, T S A W, Heather Journal of Cleaner Production Facilities management directors’ P1Ex
conceptualizations of sustainability in
higher education
(Continued)
34 K. MUNN ET AL.

APPENDIX A. (Continued).
E13 2015 Lok, K L B, David Facilities Facilities management outsourcing P1Ex
relationships in the higher education
institutes
E14 2014 Bish, A J N, Cameron J.: Browning, Vicky: European Journal of Engineering An exploration of the professional P1In/
O’Connor, Peter: Anibaldi, Renata Education competencies required in engineering P2In
asset management
E15 2014 Ossai, C I B, Brian: Davies, Ian J. Renewable Energy: An International Sustainable asset integrity management: P1In/
Journal Strategic imperatives for economic P2Ex
renewable energy generation
E16 2013 Heng, H K S L, Martin Engineering Construction & Architectural Structural holes in hospital organisations P1Ex
Management (09699988) Facilities managers as intrapreneurial
brokers in the tertiary health sector
E17 2012 Lawrence, T M W, Richard T.: Boudreau, Energy & Buildings A new paradigm for the design and P1Ex
Marie- C.: Johnsen, Kyle: Perry, Jason: management of building systems
Ding, Lan
I1 2015 Hodkiewicz, M Australian Journal of Multidisciplinary Maintainer of the future P1In/
Engineering P2In
I2 2010 Bergmann, K Asia-Pacific Defence Reporter (2002) Eglin AFB gears up for RAAF pilots P1Ex
WS1 2020 Priyangika, K D T P, Baks: Karunaratne, Journal of Quality Assurance in Facilities management roles in the hotel P1Ex
T. L. W. Hospitality & Tourism industry: The skills and competencies
required
WS2 2018 Khoshbakht, M G, Z. H.: Xie, X. H.: He, B. J.: Sustainability Green building occupant Satisfaction: P1Ex
Darko, A. evidence from the australian higher
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WS3 2018 Lu, Y J C, R. D.: Chong, D.: Ngiam, M. L. J. Journal of Green Building Transition towards green facility P1In/
management: Bridging the knowledge P2Ex
gaps of facilities managers