2015-2045

2015-2045
© 2015 by National Economic and Development Authority
All rights reserved. Any part of this book may be used and reproduced, provided proper
acknowledgement is made.

Visayas Spatial Development Framework (VSDF) 2015-2045

For inquiries, please contact:

National Economic and Development Authority
Regional Office VIII
Telefax: (+63 053) 323 3092
Email: nro8@neda.gov.ph
Web: http://nro8.neda.gov.ph
 Table of Contents
Preface vi
Messages vii
Executive Summary xii
Resolutions xiv
List of Acronyms xxiii
List of Tables xxvi
List of Figures xxvii
List of Annexes xxviii
1 Situationer
1.1 The Visayas Islands 2
1.2 The Visayan People 2
1.3 Demographic Profile 4
1.4 The Visayas Economy 7
1.5 Strategic and Comparative Advantages 8
1.6 Economic Opportunities 19
1.7 Challenges of the Visayas Area 21
2 Development Framework
2.1 Vision 27
2.2 Objectives 27
2.3 Strategies 27
2.4 Concentration 27
Roles and Functions of the Network of Growth Centers 27
Areas to Accommodate New and Expanded Economic Activities 36
Industrial Estate/Ecozone Development 36
Agribusiness Development 36
Fishery and Aquaculture Development 38
Business Process Management 41
Manufacturing and Heavy Industries 45
Mineral Resources Development 45
Tourism and Eco-Tourism Development Areas 46
2.5 Connectivity 50
Build Infrastructure that Connect People, Move Goods, and Pro- 50
vide Services

Improvement/Widening of Existing Road Links 50

Construction of New Roads and Bridges 50
 Improvement of Existing Ports and Facilities 52
Construction of New Ports and Facilities 52
Improvement of Existing Airports and Facilities 54
Construction of New Airports and Facilities 54
Provision of Adequate and Stable Power Supply 54
Provision of Telecommunications Support 56
2.6 Vulnerability Reduction 56
Keeping Economic Development in Harmony with Nature 56
Addressing Threats from Natural and Man-made Hazards 58
Reducing the Vulnerability of Natural Resource Systems / Assets 59
Protecting Highly Productive Agricultural Lands and Fishery Areas 59
Institutionalizing Inter-Regional Disaster Response Mechanisms 61
3 Programs, Projects, and Activities
3.1 PAPs for the Concentration Strategy 65
3.2 PAPs for the Connectivity Strategy 70
3.3 PAPs for the Vulnerability Reduction 82
4 Legislative Agenda 87
Acknowledgement 89
Annexes 90
Annex 1 Political Subdivisions in the Visayas 91
Annex 2 Existing IT Parks and IT Centers in the Visayas, 2013 92
Annex 3 Airports in the Visayas 94
Annex 4 Seaports in the Visayas 95
Annex 5 Power Plants in the Visayas 97
Annex 6 Transmission Line Projects in the Visayas 98
Annex 7 DOE Indicative Power Projects in the Visayas 99
Annex 8 DOE Committed Power Projects in the Visayas 101
Annex 9 Key Biodiversity Areas in the Visayas 102
Annex 10 Protected Areas in the Visayas 104
Annex 11 National Integrated Protected Areas System in the Visayas 106

v Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 Preface
The Visayas Spatial Development Framework (VSDF) 2015-2045 is formulated to provide the
interregional spatial framework that will harmonize the priorities and the competitive advantages of
the regions comprising the Visayas consistent with the National Spatial Strategy (NSS). Further, the
VSDF is an instrument to respond to the challenges peculiar to the Visayas, including the geo-
physical, socio-economic, and governance challenges in pursuing the development agenda in the
coming years.

The VSDF outlines the strategies that will be pursued to realize the maximum development of
the Visayas regions. In line with the NSS, the core spatial development strategies of the VSDF
consist of the following: concentration, connectivity, and vulnerability reduction.

The strategy on concentration identifies the areas and locations in the Visayas where
industrial, agricultural, business, tourism, and services-related activities are planned to take place.
The strategy on connectivity determines the kinds of infrastructure to be pursued as well as their
corresponding locations to support the Visayas regions’ economic and productive activities, urban
systems, and settlements requirements. The strategy on vulnerability reduction identifies the areas
and locations in the Visayas that are exposed and/or sensitive to natural hazards and the effects of
climate change, and identifies the measures to reduce and manage the risks associated with natural
disasters and climate change.

In support of the core spatial development strategies, the VSDF also provides for an
investment program, which contains the list of programs, projects, and activities for implementation
during the 30-year plan period.

With the VSDF and its core spatial strategies in place, it is expected that the Visayas regions,
including the provinces, cities, and municipalities embraced therein, shall be guided accordingly as
they pursue their respective spatial development strategies at the regional, provincial, and local
levels.

It should be noted, however, that the VSDF was prepared prior to the creation of the Negros
Island Region (NIR) through Executive Order No. 183, s. 2015. Hence, the plan document covers
only the Eastern, Central, and Western Visayas regions, wherein Negros Occidental still belongs to
Western Visayas and Negros Oriental to Central Visayas. Considering that it will take some time for
the NIR to complete its transition, adjustments shall be done as soon as it has turned into a fully
established region.

Nonetheless, it is hoped that the VSDF will be utilized by all stakeholders, from the
government (both national and the local governments) and the private sector, in promoting the
sustainable development of the Visasyas regions.

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 vi


Message
This Visayas Spatial Development Framework
(VSDF) 2015-2045 is something that I am
extremely proud and happy about as the Chair
of the NEDA Board-Regional Development
Committee for Visayas Area. When the RDCom
Visayas was reorganized in December 2014,
during which time I was also elected as its
Chairperson, the first questions that came to my
mind were: Is there one development plan for
the whole Visayas? Do the Visayan people
have a common vision? If they do, how can that
vision be possibly achieved? Without ready
answers to my questions then, I knew for sure
that having a Visayas-wide development plan, if
not yet there, should be on top of the list of
“things to do” for the RDCom Visayas. Upon
knowing that the formulation of the VSDF 2015-
2045 was then underway, I put my questions to
rest. And now, with the plan document already
completed, I feel that the job is just half-done.
The VSDF 2015-2045 will steer the development
of the entire Visayas towards a common
direction in the long term. It is important
because it is the only plan document from which
we can draw out guidance on where we want
Visayas to be after 30 years, and more
importantly, how to get there. Through the
VSDF, the three Visayas regions agree to move
forward in unison, and not parochially as
individual and separate regions. Here, we apply
the principle of synergy, wherein "the whole is
greater than the sum of its parts."
It is also a good thing that the VSDF, being a
spatial plan, has taken into consideration the
physical assets as well as challenges of the
Visayas area. It underscores the need for us to
vii Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
explicitly determine our areas for living, for
making a living, and those that must be
protected and conserved so as not
compromise our future. If we look at the
VSDF closely, we would see that, like any
other plan, it is a collection of dreams and
aspirations of a place and its people. The
realization of these is in the people themselves
– us. As I repetitively say in every possible
occasion, the most important resource we can
ever have is human resource.
With the RDCom Visayas taking the cudgels in
coordinating the formulation, implementation,
and monitoring and evaluation of the VSDF
2015-2045, and as the leader of this
Committee, I take both the responsibility and
the privilege of calling upon every stakeholder
and key player in every corner of the Visayas
to help, in his/her own way, in giving life to this
plan document.
Visayas is at the heart of the Philippines. It
has its own share of natural endowments and
cultural richness that we can altogether put to
best use. Poverty has been in our midst for
such a long time. Inclusive economic growth is
something we have vowed to attain because if
we settle only for just economic growth, without
pulling everyone into the mainstream both as
instruments and recipients of the fruits of this
economic growth, there is no progress to talk
about.
With the existence of this VSDF 2015-2045
plan document, we should then commit to grow
undivided, seamlessly and interconnected.
One Visayas, one progress!
(SGD) GOV. LEOPOLDO DOMINICO L.
PETILLA
Chairperson, NEDA Board-Regional
Development Committee for Visayas Area
Chairperson, Regional Development Council
VIII Governor, Province of Leyte
Message
Over the years, the Visayas area has undergone significant changes that impact on the use of
land and other physical resources, such as rapid population growth coupled with intensive socio-
economic activities over limited land resources. These changes arising from modernization efforts
go beyond the boundaries of the regions comprising the Visayas. The Visayas Spatial
Development Framework (VSDF) was prepared to contain the desired spatial configuration and
development involving the eastern, central, and western Visayas in the coming years.
The preparation of the VSDF is the final output of extensive multi-agency and multi-sector
consultation among the Visayas regions which entailed the conduct of several consultations with
various stakeholders from regional line agencies, local government units and private sector
groups. Likewise, the plan is greatly enhanced with the substantive inputs from public and private
sector representatives in the Regional Land Use Committees and the Regional Development
Councils of Regions VI, VII, and VIII.
The VSDF is an essential and excellent reference document, not only for sector and agency
planning, but also in determining the most appropriate policy options and strategies in local
planning since it is at this level where more precise locations for programs, projects, and activities
could be identified. Therefore, we strongly urge planners at the municipal, city, provincial and
regional levels in the Visayas area to make this document a major consideration in the formulation
of their spatial and socio-economic plans.

(SGD) RO-ANN A. BACAL, CESO III

Acting Chairperson, RDC VI and
Regional Director, NEDA VI

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 viii

 Message
The Central Visayas Regional Development Council (CV-RDC) remains committed to the
promotion of sustainable and equitable development not only in the Visayas regions but also in the
entire country. Thus, when the directive for the formulation of a spatial development framework for
the Visayas region was issued by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), the
CV-RDC assumed the lead responsibility of coordinating the formulation of the Visayas Spatial
Development Framework (VSDF), 2015-2045.
With the completion of the VSDF, the Visayas now has an integrated plan for the development of
the whole region that can serve as guide in the complementation of development efforts of
Western, Central, and Eastern Visayas and the newly created Negros Island Region. I believe that
the regions in the Visayas can achieve more as a unified and integrated economy.
Being an active participant in the crafting of the VSDF, the CV-RDC commits to adopt and support
the core development strategies of concentration, connectivity, and vulnerability reduction
espoused in the plan. Thus, when the CV-RDC formulates its own Regional Spatial Development
Framework (RSDF), the utmost priority will be given to the improvement of the region’s physical
and economic linkages with the other regions of the Visayas and of the country, and with other
countries of the world.
I therefore enjoin the local government units, regional line agencies, private sector, civil society,
and non-government organizations to refer to the VSDF in their development endeavors to ensure
that these are built upon more holistic development perspective.

(SGD) ATTY. EDGAR M. CHATTO

Chairperson, Regional Development Council VII
Governor, Province of Bohol

ix Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Message
The Visayas Spatial Development Framework (VSDF) 2015-2045 is the fulfilment of a long-
standing desire to come up with an integrated development plan for the whole Visayas area. The
Visayas regions not only share many of the natural resources in the area such as marine waters,
but are also continuously linked with one another through trade and commerce, socio-cultural
exchange, population movement, and even during disasters.
Through the VSDF, the Visayas regions hope to identify areas for cooperation and
complementation so that all and not just a few regions benefit from increased trade and interaction
with one another and with other regions in and outside the country. We recognize that for rapid
economic as well as inclusive growth to take place, interregional integration is essential.
The preparation of the VSDF has been a collaborative undertaking of the four Visayas regions
including the newly created Negros Island Region (NIR). Central Visayas has been an active
partner since the region is foreseen to play a crucial role as major economic driver in the Visayas.
Metro Cebu is expected to function as the metropolitan center in the Visayas area based on the
National Physical Framework Plan and the VSDF. As the traditional metropolitan center, Metro
Cebu is expected to be the economic, administrative, financial, and logistics hub of the Visayas.
We at the National Economic and Development Authority Regional Office 7 (NEDA7) is committed
to do our share in the development of the Visayas. NEDA7 will work with the local government
units in Central Visayas and with the private sector in ensuring that their activities and
development efforts are aligned with the VSDF and the core spatial strategies. This is borne out of
the belief that the task is not of the government alone or should be the work of a few sectors or
regions but all stakeholders. We, therefore, encourage everyone to work with each other so that
we will realize our vision of a better future for our people in the Visayas.

(SGD) EFREN B. CARREON

Regional Director, NEDA VII

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 x

 consider the lessons learned from these two
major disasters that caused massive destruction
in some parts of the Visayas area.
While it is recognized that the VSDF is not a
perfect plan and that it is such a big plan to carry
out under several administrations, it is hoped
that the RDCom Visayas will shepherd its
implementation in the most coordinated manner
possible.
As Head of the RDCom Visayas Secretariat, it
was our privilege to be in-charge of the VSDF
formulation process. We would like to thank

Message
everyone who inputted into this plan document.
We hope that our partnership in this endeavour
will go beyond the preparation phase and
The Visayas Spatial Development Framework continue to the succeeding stages of
Plan (VSDF) 2015-2045 puts into paper the implementation and monitoring and evaluation.
collective aspirations of the Visayas. It puts Let us make One Visayas happen, let us rally
value to the need for an area integrated behind the fruition of the VSDF 2015-2045.
development plan wherein the component
regions of the Visayas have agreed on a
development path as One Visayas, and how to (SGD) ATTY. BONIFACIO G. UY
travel along that path and reach a common Head, Secretariat of the NEDA Board-Regional
destination. Guided by the National Spatial Development Committee for Visayas Area
Strategy, it embodies programs and projects Regional Director, NEDA VIII
along concentration, connectivity, and Vice-Chairperson, Regional Development
vulnerability reduction. Inspired by a common Council VIII
vision, it is expected that there will be more
coordinated actions and resource sharing
between and among the regions.
The VSDF is a long-term framework plan. Being
long-term makes it very forward looking, with a
need for phased implementation. Thus, its
investment program is divided into ten-year
slices. Also, being just a framework plan, it
needs to be translated into more details in the
respective Regional Spatial Development
Frameworks (RSDFs) and/or the Regional
Physical Framework Plans (RPFPs), and the
Regional Development Plans (RDPs) of the
Visayas regions. What sets the VSDF apart
from other plans is that it puts emphasis on the
physical conditions and resources of the Visayas
as a whole. It also underscores the need for
effective strategies on disaster risk reduction
and management and climate change
adaptation (DRRM/CCA). The completion of
the VSDF is right in the nick of time because it
came after the occurrence of Supertyphoon
Yolanda and the Bohol earthquake. The
interventions identified in the VSDF already fully

xi Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 Executive Summary
Visayas is a group of islands located in Central Philippines. It has a combined land area
of 59,934 square kilometers or 5,993,410 hectares, comprising 19.4 percent of the country’s
total land area. It is composed of three administrative regions, namely: 1) Western Visayas
(Region VI), 2) Central Visayas (Region VII), and 3) Eastern Visayas (Region VIII). As of
2010, its population was 19.1 million, with an average growth rate of 1.49 percent and a
density of 300 persons per square kilometer.

The economy of the entire Visayas contributes around 12.6 percent to the national.
Although Western and Central Visayas are the leading contributors to the country’s gross
value added in agriculture, industry, and services, the Visayas economy is the slowest growing
compared to Luzon and Mindanao. Nevertheless, it has huge potential for growth because of
its comparative advantages including being located at the center of the country, thus, making it
accessible to and from Luzon and Mindanao. It also has abundant fishery and marine
resources; a rich natural, historical, and cultural heritage; prominent Information Technology-
Business Process Management (IT-BPM) operations; and stable power supply. Technological
advancements, global market integration, and strong investors interest, if fully realized, can
boost Visayas’ economic growth.

The potentials of the area are held back by a number of factors. Being archipelagic in
nature, Visayas is the most physically fragmented island grouping of the Philippines. Also,
land, water and other natural resources are not used efficiently. Poverty continues to exist at
rates higher than the national and that of other regions. Agricultural productivity is low.
Visayas is also prone to natural hazards which disrupts its economic growth.

Visayas envisions itself as a competitive, world-class economy where people live in

progressive, peaceful, sustainable and resilient communities. Such vision is expected to be
realized by employing three main strategies, namely: concentration, connectivity, and
vulnerability reduction. These are the same strategies adopted nationwide under the
National Spatial Strategy (NSS).

The strategy on concentration will tap the potentials of urban areas to foster growth,
generate jobs, and increase income. Metropolitan Cebu will serve as the metropolitan region
of the Visayas. Its central location and presence of an international gateway makes it a natural
center for major urban functions. Six (6) metropolitan areas – Metro Iloilo, Metro Bacolod,
Metro Tagbilaran, Metro Tacloban, and Metro Ormoc – will serve as the regional centers due
to their existing or potential market-service center size and strategic location as gateway to
Luzon, Mindanao, other areas in the Visayas, and international destinations. Sixteen (16) cities
and/or large towns will assume the role of sub-regional centers to form the market catchments
of the regional centers. Proposed sub-regional centers in the Visayas are mostly the more
progressive and fast-growing cities/municipalities in their respective provinces.
On connectivity, efficient and integrated inter-modal transport systems shall be
established to support growth drivers in agriculture, industry, and services. These entail
improvement of existing roads, ports and airports, or construction of new ones. Power and
telecommunication networks shall be made reliable to attract investments. Markets shall also
be established to cater to local and global trade partners for competitive products and services
of the Visayas.
Under Vulnerability reduction, population, production areas, and protected zones that
are at-risk to hazards will be identified. This strategy covers appropriate measures to reduce/
mitigate risks and vulnerabilities. Areas especially delineated for ecological and productive
values shall be given attention to protect them from destructive human and economic
activities.

In support of these three strategies, a set of core and complementary programs,

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xii

 projects and activities (PPAs) has been listed for implementation within the 30-year time
frame. Core PPAs are regional projects that support the role of the metropolitan regions and
regional centers, thus, have Visayas-wide impacts. These projects will be pursued by the
NEDA Board-Regional Development Committee (RDCom) for Visayas Area. Complementary
PPAs are regional projects that support the core projects as well as the strategy of
concentration in major urban centers. They will be pursued by the Regional Development
Councils of Visayas’ three component regions.
Core PPAs along concentration include the establishment of economic zones,
agribusiness development areas, and agri-business processing zones, and the implementation
of the Philippine Rural Development Program (PRDP). Likewise, the Visayas Tourism
Development Program will be implemented, encompassing the development of thematic
tourism circuits and estates and information technology parks.

Core PPAs on connectivity focus on widening of all roads/bridges leading to

airports and seaports, and upgrading of roads leading to tourist areas, development/
expansion/construction of ports, development/upgrading of airports, construction of inter-island
bridges, provision of adequate and stable power supply, and provision of reliable
telecommunications support.

Core PPAs under vulnerability reduction cover the construction of strategically

located disaster-resilient evacuation centers and logistics hubs that will allow interregional
utilization, establishment of agro-meteorological stations and extreme weather warning
system, Environmental Management and Pollution Control Program, Flood Control Program,
and Coastal Mangrove Reforestation Program.

To ensure smooth implementation of the VSDF, policy recommendations have also

been identified. These include, among others, hastening the passage of the National Land Use
(NaLUA) Act, amendment/review of certain laws such as Republic Act (RA) 10121 or the
National Risk Reduction and Management Law, RA 6541 or the National Building Code, and
the Shipping Industry Law.

Implementation of the proposed PPAs has been programmed into three ten-year
periods with funding sources from the national government, Official Development Assistance
(ODA), through Private-Public-Partnership (PPP), and the private sector.

xiii Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Resolutions

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xiv

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Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xvi
xvii Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xviii
xix Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
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xxi Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xxii
 List of Acronyms
AEC ASEAN Economic Integration
AEIZ Agro-Industrial Economic Zones

BCF Billion Cubic Feet

BPO Business Processing Outsourcing

CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon

CCC Climate Change Commission

CO2 Carbon dioxide

CeLeBoSoLe Cebu-Leyte-Bohol-Southern Leyte

CFRM Coastal Fisheries Resource Management

CIP Cebu Industrial Port

CTS Cable Terminal Station

DOE Department of Energy

DOST-ICTO Department of Science and Technology-Information and Communications

Technology Office
DOT Department of Tourism

DOTC Department of Transportation and Communication

DRR/CCA Disaster Risk Reduction/Climate Change Adaptation

DRRM CCA Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation

DRRMCs Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils

FishCORAL Fisheries, Coastal Resources and Livelihood

FTAs Free Trade Agreements

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product

ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization

ICPC Iloilo City Port Complex

ICT Information, Communication, and Technology

IFAD International Fund for Agriculture Development

IPP Investment Priorities Plan

IT-BPM Information Technology and Business Process Management

JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency

LMB Land Management Bureau

LDRRMOs Local Risk Reduction and Management Offices

MARINA Maritime Industry Authority

xxiii Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
MCIAA Mactan Cebu International Airport Authority
MEZ Manufacturing Economic Zones

MICE Meetings, Incentive, Convention and Events

MIMAROPA Occidental Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon and Palawan

MCIAA Mactan Cebu International Airport Authority

MPs Mariculture Parks
MVA Mega Volt Ampere
MW Megawatt

NAIA Ninoy Aquino International Airport

NCC National Competitiveness Council

NCR National Capital Region

NGCP National Grid Corporation of the Philippines

NIPAS National Integrated Protection Areas System

NLUC National Land Use Committee

NSS National Spatial Strategy

ODA Official Development Assistance

OFW Overseas Filipino Workers

PAMBs Protected Area Management Boards

PAPs Programs, Activities, and Projects

PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority

PPP Public-Private Partnership

PSA Philippine Statistics Authority
PSWMB Provincial Solid Waste Management Board

RDC Regional Development Council

RDCom Regional Development Committee
RDRRMP Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan

RORO Roll-On Roll-Off

RPFP Regional Physical Framework Plan

SEAFDEC Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center

TDAs Tourism Development Areas

UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

USAID United States Agency for International Development

WCIP West Cebu Industrial Park

MPs Mariculture Parks

NAIA Ninoy Aquino International Airport

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xxiv

 NCC National Competitiveness Council
NCR National Capital Region

NGCP National Grid Corporation of the Philippines

NIPAS National Integrated Protection Areas System

NLUC National Land Use Committee

NSS National Spatial Strategy
ODA Official Development Assistance
OFW Overseas Filipino Workers

PAMBs Protected Area Management Boards

PAPs Programs, Projects and Activities

PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority

PPP Public-Private Partnership

PSA Philippine Statistics Authority

PSWMB Provincial Solid Waste Management Board

RDCom Regional Development Committee

RDRRMP Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan

RORO Roll-On Roll-Off

RPFP Regional Physical Framework Plan

SEAFDEC Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center

S/S Sub-station

TDAs Tourism Development Areas

UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
USAID United States Agency for International Development

WCIP West Cebu Industrial Park

xxv Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 List of Tables
Table 1. Population Level, Growth and Density, Visayas Area, Actual and Projected. 2000 to
2030

Table 2. Gross Regional Domestic Product Growth Rates: 2012 and 2013 (at constant 2000
prices)

Table 3. Visayas Air Links

Table 4. Visayas Port Links

Table 5. Energy Generation by Source, Visayas: 2011-2013

Table 6. DOE Approved Wind Energy Projects, April 2014

Table 7. Creative and Knowledge Industries

Table 8. Proposed Network of Settlements in the Visayas

Table 9. Existing Manufacturing Economic Zones (MEZ) in the Visayas

Table 10. Manufacturing Economic Zones (MEZ) in the Visayas Undergoing Development
Table 11. Proposed Locations of New Industrial Estates

Table 12. Existing Agro-Industrial Economic Zones

Table 13. Agro-Industrial Economic Zones for Development
Table 14. Proposed Locations of New Agribusiness Development Areas

Table 15. Proposed Locations of Fishery and Aquaculture Development Areas

Table 16. Proposed Locations for IT-BPM Operations

Table 17. Existing Tourism Economic Zones in the Visayas

Table 18. Tourism Economic Zones in the Visayas, Ongoing Development

Table 19. Existing Service Contracts for Oil and Gas Exploration
Table 20. Contracts Awarded for Renewable Energy Projects, Visayas

Table 21. Hydropower Potential of the Visayas

Table 22. DOE- Approved Wind Energy Projects for the Visayas, 2014

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xxvi

 List of Figures
Figure 1. Location Map

Figure 2. Slope Map

Figure 3. Population Level, 2000 and 2010

Figure 4. Population Density, 2000 and 2010

Figure 5. Sectoral Distribution of Visayas Economy

Figure 6. Economic Contribution by Geographic Area: 2012 and 2013

Figure 7. Location of Airports and Seaports

Figure 8. Nautical Highways

Figure 9. Coastal Resources and Fishing Grounds

Figure 10. Information Technology - Business Process Management (IT-BPM) Heat Map

Figure 11. Location of Existing Power Plants

Figure 12. Map on Mineral Deposits

Figure 13. Typhoon Vulnerability Map

Figure 14. Faults, Active Trenches and Areas Prone to Liquefaction

Figure 15. Location of Volcanoes in the Visayas

Figure 16. Development Framework

Figure 17. Network of Settlements in the Visayas

Figure 18. Industrial Economic Zone

Figure 19. Proposed Agribusiness Development Areas

Figure 20. Proposed Fishery/Aquaculture Areas

Figure 21. Tourism Development Areas

Figure 22. Existing Road Network

Figure 23. Existing and New Ports Development Project

Figure 24. Existing and New Airports Development Project

Figure 25. Existing and Proposed Power Transmission Project

Figure 26. Committed and Indicated Power Projects of DOE

Figure 27. Protected Areas

Figure 28. Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture and Agro-Industrial Development

xxvii Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 List of Annexes
Annex 1. Political Subdivisions in the Visayas

Annex 2. Existing and Ongoing Development -IT Parks and IT Centers in the Visayas

Annex 3. Airports in the Visayas

Annex 4. Seaports in the Visayas

Annex 5. Power Plants in the Visayas

Annex 6. Transmission Line Projects in the Visayas

Annex 7. DOE Indicative Power Projects in the Visayas

Annex 8. DOE Committed Power Projects in the Visayas

Annex 9. Key Biodiversity Areas in the Visayas

Annex 10. Protected Areas in the Visayas

Annex 11. National Integrated Protected Areas System in the Visayas

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 xxviii

1 Situationer
Figure 1
Location Map
THE VISAYAS ISLANDS
Location and Political Subdivision
The Visayas is a group of islands located in
central Philippines. One of the three principal
geographical divisions of the Philippines along
with Mindanao and Luzon, it is composed of the
main islands of Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol,
Leyte, and Samar and the smaller islands of
Siquijor, Guimaras, Camotes, Bantayan, Mactan,
and Biliran. These islands are grouped into
three administrative regions: Western (Region
6), Central (Region 7) and Eastern (Region 8)
Visayas (Figure 1).
The combined land area of the Visayas of
59,934 square kilometers (5,993,410 hectares) is
19.4 percent of the country’s total. By
administrative division, the whole Visayas group
of islands is composed of 16 provinces, 39 cities
and 369 municipalities. (Annex A. List of
Provinces/ Cities/ Municipalities).
Physical Characteristics
The islands comprising the Visayas have a
varied topography due to their exposure to
typhoons from the Pacific. Hills and mountains
with peaks reaching as high as 900 meters, river
basins, flood plains, plateaus, and valleys
characterize the islands.
The Western Visayas region has wide stretches
of rivers and coastal lowlands that spread inland
and a series of rugged hills and mountain lands
in the interior areas. Central Visayas is rugged
with highlands dominating the interior of its
island provinces. Eastern Visayas, on the other
hand, has relatively flat areas near and along
the coasts and mountainous areas in the
interior.
There are three active volcanoes found in the
Visayas. One is Kanlaon, which straddle the
two provinces in the Negros Island, and the two
others are Biliran and Cabalian in Eastern
Visayas.
Except for Western Visayas, the two Visayas
regions have predominantly rolling to steep
slopes. Western Visayas has a mixture of level
to nearly level rolling to moderate steep slope
characteristics (Figure 2).
THE VISAYAN PEOPLE
History
The earliest settlers of the Visayan Islands were
the Negritos, the ancestors of present day
Aetas.
The Visayas played important roles in Philippine
history. Historical records show that Ferdinand
Magellan first landed in the island of Homonhon,
Eastern Samar when he discovered the
Philippines in 1521. Ferdinand Magellan was
later killed by Lapulapu, a chieftain in Mactan.
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 2
 Figure 2
Slope Map

3 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

In 1543, Roy Lopez de Villalobos named the
islands of Samar and Leyte Las Islas Filipinas,
after King Phillip II of Spain. By the 20th century,
the entire Philippine archipelago was named Las
Islas Filipinas. American colonizers, however,
later referred to the archipelago as the Philippine
Islands.
The people of Panay were the first to be called
Visayans by the Spaniards. Those in Cebu,
Bohol and Leyte were called Pintados because
of their body tattoos. The word Pintados means
"painted".
Among the notable Visayan heroes who fought
against Spanish colonial rule, aside from
Lapulapu, are Francisco Dagohoy and Tamblot
from Bohol, Graciano Lopez Jaena from Iloilo,
León Kilat from Negros Oriental, and Venancio
Jakosalem Fernandez from Cebu. Guerrillas in
the Visayas also resisted Japanese occupation
during World War II.
Culture
The Visayan culture is rich and diverse. Hispanic
influence is evident in its predominantly Roman
Catholic population. Religious festivals including
Dinagyang, Ati-atihan, Pintados-Kasadyaan,
Sangyaw, and Sinulog have strong associations
with Roman Catholicism. These are colorful and
vibrant mardi-gras style celebrations in honor of
a patron saint or patron.
Festivals depicting historical events and cultural
characteristics of the people such as the
Sandugo Festival of Bohol and the Masskara
Festival of Bacolod are also common in the
Visayas. These annual cultural and religious
festivals have been major tourist attractions in
the country.
The Visayan people are known to be music
lovers. Ballads, harana, composo or narrative
songs, and lullabies make up the wide repertoire
of Visayan music. These songs depict the
culture, lifestyle, tradition, and sentiments of the
Visayans.
Dialects
Three major dialects are spoken in the Visayas.
Cebuano, the mother tongue of about one-fifth
of the Philippine population, is spoken in Cebu,
Bohol, Eastern Negros, and Western Leyte.
Hiligaynon is spoken in Panay and Western
Negros, while Waray-Waray is spoken in Samar
and Eastern Leyte.
Filipino, the national language, is widely
understood but seldom used by Visayans.
English, however, is the preferred second
language of the region.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Based on the 2010 Census of Population, the
Visayas has a total population of 18 million.
This is lower than the population of Mindanao
and Luzon, but higher than that of the National
Capital Region (NCR) (Table 1).
Western Visayas accounts for 39.4 percent of
the total population in the Visayas. Although
Central Visayas is a lot smaller in land area
compared with Western Visayas, it accounts for
the second biggest share of population at 37.8
percent. Eastern Visayas, which has the biggest
land area among the three Visayas regions,
accounts for the smallest 22.8 percent share.of
the population in the Visayas, making it the least
densely populated.
On the average, the population in the Visayas
regions grew at 1.49 percent annually in 2000-
2010. Central Visayas had the highest
population growth rate during the period while
Eastern Visayas had the lowest growth rate.
This trend is, however, projected to reverse in
the succeeding decade with the population of
Eastern Visayas growing at 2.8 percent annually

Table 1
Population Level , Growth and Density, Visayas Area, Actual and Projected: 2000 to 2030
Population Population Growth Rate Population Density
Region (in millions) (%) (persons/sq. km)

2000 2010 2020* 2030* 2000-2010 2010-2020* 2000 2010 2020* 2030*
Philippines 75.5 92.3 112 128 1.9 1.7 255 308 373 428
Visayas 15.5 19.1 23 26.7 1.5 1.9 259 318 405 471
Region 6 6.2 7.6 9.1 10.4 1.4 1.8 301 351 448 517
Region 7 5.7 7.1 8.5 9.8 1.8 1.9 359 455 566 656
Region 8 3.6 4.4 5.4 6.4 1.3 2.0 155 191 253 300
*Projected Population based on 2000 Census of Population (Medium Assumption)
Sources: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) for Population and 2010 Masterlist certified by Land Management Bureau for land area.
Land area for ARMM based on 2007 Masterlist certified by LMB.
 Figure 3
Population, 2000 and 2010

5 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Figure 4
Population Density, 2000 and 2010

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 6

and Central Visayas with only 2.2 percent
population growth annually.
Compared with the country’s other two major
island groups, the Visayas had the lowest
population growth rate. At 1.49 percent, the
population growth of Visayas was lower than the
national average of 1.9 percent, and also lower
than the population growth rates of Luzon (2.1
percent), Mindanao (1.9 percent), and even
NCR (1.8 percent). At this rate, the population in
the Visayas is expected to double in 46 years.
While population growth rate is comparatively
lower, the population density of the Visayas of
300 persons per square kilometer is higher than
the national average of only 269 persons per
square kilometer. Nevertheless, the area’s
population density is tempered only by the
sparsely populated Eastern Visayas. In fact,
Central and Western Visayas are among the
most densely populated regions in the country.
In 2010, Central Visayas and Western Visayas
were the fourth and sixth most densely
populated regions in the Philippines, respectively
(Figures 3 and 4).
THE VISAYAS ECONOMY
Manufacturing, trade, agriculture, and other
services account for the biggest chunk of the
Visayas' economy. The combined share of the
four sectors to the total economic pie of the
Visayas is 55 percent. The manufacturing sector
is the biggest contributor to the Visayas
economy with 16 percent share, followed by
trade (14 percent), agriculture (13 percent), and
other services (11 percent) (Figure 5).
Central Visayas is the major contributor to the
total Visayas output in manufacturing,
accounting for 11 percent. . About 9.0 percent
Figure 5
Sectoral Distribution of Visayas Economy
of the total Visayas economy is accounted for
by the trade sector of Central Visayas.
Agriculture is the third biggest contributor to the
Visayas economy, next to manufacturing and
trade.
Despite having a long coastline, vast fishing
grounds, and varied marine ecosystems, the
Visayas has not satisfactorily developed its
fishery sector. Fisheries account for less than
2.0 percent of total economic output of the
Visayas.
From a national perspective, the Visayas
contributes around 12.6 percent to the
country’s economy. This is lower than the
contributions of Luzon (36.8 percent),
Mindanao (14.3 percent), and NCR (36.3
percent) (Figure 6).
By sectoral contribution, however, the two
regions in the Visayas are among the leading
contributors to the country’s gross value added
in agriculture, industry and services. Western
Visayas is the third biggest contributor to the
country’s agricultural output, next only to
Central Luzon and CALABARZON. Central
Visayas on the other hand ranks fourth among
regions industrial and services output of the
country.
The Visayas does not only have the smallest
contribution to the national economy among
the major island groups, it has also the slowest
growing economy. In 2012, the economy of the
Visayas grew only by 5.6 percent while that of
Luzon and Mindanao grew by 6.5 percent and
8.1 percent, respectively. The same pattern
was observed in 2013 with Mindanao posting
the highest economic growth rate of 6.3
Figure 6
Economic Distribution by Geographic Area: 2012 and 2013
percent followed by Luzon (6.1 percent) and and Kalibo provide air access to and from
the Visayas (6.0 percent). overseas destinations.

Economic activities as well as growth in the Availability of Inter-Modal Transport

Visayas Region is highly concentrated in
Central Visayas. In 2013 more than half of the
6.0 percent growth of the Visayas economy
was accounted for by Central Visayas (3.67
percent). Western Visayas and Eastern
Visayas contributed only 1.3 percent and 1.0
percent, respectively, to the economic growth
of the region (Table 2).
STRATEGIC AND
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
Natural resource endowments and rich
historical and cultural heritage are two of the
most important comparative advantages for the
Visayas Region. If harnessed well, these can
provide the Visayas an edge over other areas
in the country or even in Asia in trade, tourism,
and agro-industrial development.
Strategic Location of the Visayas
The Visayas Region being at the heart of the
Philippine archipelago links the established
markets of Luzon, including Metro Manila, with
the promising markets of Mindanao. Central
Visayas, with Cebu City as capital, is the
busiest center of trade, industry and commerce
outside Metro Manila.
Its proximity to the Asia-Pacific Region and to
the northern and southern parts of the
Philippines makes the Visayas a natural
transshipment hub. The ports of Iloilo and
Cebu are important transshipment points for
domestic and international passengers and
cargo. The international airports in Cebu, Iloilo
Facilities
The locational advantage of the Visayas is
enhanced by the availability of inter-modal
transport facilities in the region. The Visayas has
three international airports and two international
ports that can very well cater to the growing
demand for international cargo and passenger
transport. It also has a number of domestic
airports and seaports that link the Visayas
islands to the rest of country (Tables 3 and 4).
The country’s nautical highways which traverse
the Visayas play a vital role in linking it with
Luzon and Mindanao. The links with Luzon via
the MIMAROPA Region are: Libertad–
Magsaysay, Malay-Bulalacao, Malay–Odiongan,
Roxas City–San Fernando, Masbate–San
Fernando and Iloilo City– Puerto Princesa City.
To enhance these linkages, the Luzon Spatial
Development Framework has included the
upgrading of the Odiongan and San Fernando
ports and connecting the Libertad Port in
Antique with the Bulalacao Port in Oriental
Mindoro (Figure 7).
In terms of air linkages, the Visayas has
numerous air links to and from Luzon and
Mindanao (Figure 8). Opening of new routes,
upgrading of existing facilities and building new
ones will enhance linkages among the three
major island groups in the country. Projects in
Luzon like the upgrading of the Puerto Princesa
City International Airport and the improvement of
the Busuanga Airport are expected to enhance
the Visayas - Luzon link. The same is expected
with the plan to connect Sandoval Airport in

Table 2
Gross Regional Domestic Product Growth Rates: 2012 and 2013
(at 2000 Constant Prices)
Percent Contribution Growth Rate (%)
2012 2013 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013
Philippines (GDP) 100.0 100.0 3.6 6.8 7.2
NCR 35.6 36.3 3.1 7.3 9.1
Luzon 37.2 36.8 3.3 6.3 6.1
Mindanao 14.4 14.3 4.2 8.2 6.3
Visayas 12.7 12.6 5.6 5.6 6.0
Region 6 4.1 4.0 6.2 7.5 4.1
Region 7 6.3 6.8 6.8 9.3 7.4
Region 8 2.3 2.2 2.1 -6.2 5.7

Source of Basic Data: Philippine Statistics Authority

 Figure 7
Location of Airports and Seaports

9 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Figure 8
Nautical Highways

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 10

Table 3
Visayas Air Links
Domestic International
Airports
Destinations Travel Time Destinations Travel Time
WESTERN VISAYAS
Aklan
Kalibo International Airport Manila 01 hr Busan, South Korea 03 hrs and 15 mins
Cebu 45 mins Seoul-Incheon, South Korea 04 hrs and 15 mins
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 03 hrs and 15 mins
Hongkong, China 02 hrs and 30 mins
Singapore, Singapore 03 hrs and 40 mins
Taipei, Taiwan
Peking, China
Hangzhou and Shanghai,
China
Changsha and Ningbo,
China
Beijing, China
Godofredo P. Ramos Airport
Manila 01 hr
Caticlan
Cebu 01 hr
Capiz
Roxas Airport Manila 55 mins
Iloilo
Iloilo International Airport Manila 01 hr Hongkong, China 02 hrs and 25 mins
Cebu 45 mins Singapore, Singapore 03 hrs and 15 mins
General Santos 01 hr and 30 mins
Puerto Princesa 01 hr and 05 mins
Negros Occidental
Bacolod–Silay Airport Manila 01 hr and 05 mins
Cebu 40 mins
Davao 01 hr and 10 mins
CENTRAL VISAYAS
Bohol
Tagbilaran Airport Manila 01 hr and 15 mins
Cebu
Mactan Cebu International
Manila 01 hr and 15 mins Nagoya-Centrair, Japan 04 hrs and 30 mins
Airport
Bacolod 45 mins Osaka-Kansai, Japan 04 hrs and 25 mins
Butuan 45 mins Tokyo-Narita, Japan 04 hrs and 30 mins
Cagayan De Oro 45 mins Hongkong, China 02 hrs and 35 mins
Camiguin 50 mins Singapore, Singapore 03 hrs and 40 mins
Caticlan 01 hr and 10 mins Kota, Kinabalu, Malaysia 01 hr and 55 mins
Clark 01 hr Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 03 hrs and 50 mins
Davao 45 mins Seoul-Incheon, South Korea 04 hrs and 25 mins
Dipolog 55 mins Busan, South Korea 05 hrs and 15 mins
Dumaguete 40 mins
General Santos 01 hr and 10 mins
Iloilo 45 mins
Kalibo 45 mins
Legazpi 01 hr and 15 mins
Ozamiz 01 hr
Pagadian 01 hr and 10 mins
Puerto Princesa 01 hr and 15 mins
Siargao 01 hr
Surigao 55 mins
Tacloban 40 mins
Tandag 01 hr and 05 mins
Zamboanga 01 hr and 05 mins
NEGROS ORIENTAL
Sibulan Airport Manila 01 hr and 20 mins
Cebu 35 mins
EASTERN VISAYAS
Leyte
Daniel Z. Romualdez
Cebu 40 mins
(Tacloban) Airport
Manila 01 hr and 10 mins
Northern Samar
Catarman National Airport Manila 01 hr and 15 mins
Samar
Calbayog Airport Manila 01 hr and 25 mins
Table 4
Visayas Port Links
Province/Ports Destinations Province/Ports Destinations
WESTERN VISAYAS Cebu Iligan, Iloilo, Isabel, Larena, St.Bernard-Southern Leyte,
Maasin, Manila, Masbate, Nasipit-Butuan, Naval, Ormoc,
Aklan Ozamis, Palompon, Poro-Camotes, Sogod- Southern
Malay Roxas-Oriental Mindoro, Batangas, Odiongan-Romblon Leyte, Surigao, Tacloban, Tagbilaran, Talibon, Ubay,
Tubigon, Tubod- Lanao Del Norte, Zamboanga
Antique
Danao Camotes-Cebu, Isabel-Leyte
Culasi Misamis Oriental
Dumanjug Guihulngan, Negros Oriental
Libertad San Jose-Occidental Mindoro via Caluya and Semirara
Hagnaya Sta. Fe-Cebu
Culasi Lugait-Misamis Oriental
Liloan Santander Sibulan-Negros Oriental, Dapitan
San Jose Batangas, Naga-Cebu, San Fernando-Cebu, Lugait-
Oslob Sibulan-Negros Oriental
Misamis Oriental, Iligan-Lanao del Norte, Cuyo-Palawan
Capiz San Remegio Sta. Fe-Cebu
Roxas City Vietnam, Manila, Batangas, Albay, Cebu, Iligan-Lanao del Sta. Fe San Remegio-Cebu, Hagnaya-Cebu
Norte, Milagros-Masbate, Mandaon-Masbate, Odiongan- Tabuelan Escalante
Romblon, San Fernando-Romblon
Guimaras Toledo San Carlos

Jordan and Iloilo City Negros Oriental

Buenavista Sibulan Oslob-Cebu
Iloilo Dumaguete Cebu, Cagayan de Oro, Dapitan-Zamboanga del Norte,
Estancia Milagros-Masbate Dipolog-Zamboanga del Norte, Larena, Manila, Sin-
dangan-Zamboanga de Norte, Siquijor, Tagbilaran
Iloilo City Manila, Cuyo-Palawan, Cebu, Jordan-Guimaras, Bue-
navista-Guimaras, Bacolod-Negros Occidental, Cagayan Siquijor
de Oro, Iligan, Zamboanga, General Santos Siquijor Cebu, Dumaguete, Tagbilaran
Negros Occidental
Larena Cebu, Dumaguete, Plaridel-Misamis Occidental,
Bacolod Manila, Iloilo, Dumaguete, Cagayan de Oro, Iligan, Gen- Tagbilaran
eral Santos
Escalante Tabauelan-Cebu, Masbate Lazi Iligan
Estancia Masbate EASTERN VISAYAS
Guihulngan Dumanjug-Cebu Biliran

San Carlos Toledo-Cebu Naval Cebu

Cadiz City Bantayan-Cebu Leyte

Bato Cebu
CENTRAL VISAYAS
Baybay Cebu
Bohol
Hilongos Cebu
Jagna Butuan, Camiguin, Cagayan de Oro, Nasipit-Agusan del
Norte Hindang Cebu
Getafe Mactan-Cebu Isabel Danao Cebu
Loon Argao Ormoc Cebu City, Camotes-Cebu, Carmen-Cebu, Manila, Mas-
bate, Romblon
Pres. Carlos P. Maasin-Leyte
Garcia Palompon Bogo-Cebu
Tagbilaran Cebu, Cagayan de Oro, Dapitan-Zamboanga de Norte,
Dipolog-Zamboanga de Norte, Dumaguete, Iligan, Larena, San Isidro Bogo-Cebu
Manila, Ozamiz, Plaridel-Misamis Occidental, Siquijor Tacloban City Cebu
Talibon Cebu Northern Samar
Tubigon Cebu Allen Sorsogon
Ubay Maasin-Leyte, Cebu Capul Sorsogon
Cebu San Isidro Sorsogon
Argao Loon Southern Leyte
Bantayan Islan Cadiz-Negros Occidental Liloan Lipata-Surigao
Bato, Samboan San Jose-Negros Oriental Maasin Cebu, Surigao, Ubay-Bohol, Pres. Carlos P. Garcia-Bohol
Bogo Cayawan-Masbate, Palompon-Leyte, San Isidro-Leyte Samar

Camotes Cebu City, Ormoc, Danao City-Cebu Calbayog City Cebu

Carmen Isabel-Leyte, Ormoc-Leyte Catbalogan City Cebu

Cebu Bacolod, Bato-Leyte, Baybay-Leyte, Butuan, Cagayan de

Oro, Calbayog, Camiguin, Catbalogan, Cotabato, Dapitan,
Davao, Dumaguete, Hilongos-Leyte, Hindang-Leyte
Taytay, Northern Palawan with Mactan and Iloilo
airports.
Presence of Vast Agricultural Lands in
Western and Eastern Visayas
The Visayas has 2.8 million hectares of land
suitable for cultivation of a variety of traditional
and non-traditional high-value crops for domestic
consumption and export. The area is moreover
blessed with 38 major rivers (comprising around
17 main river basins), which can be tapped for
purposes of irrigation to boost agricultural
production. These features give the region an
advantage in the promotion of agro-industrial
development.
Among the major crops grown in the Visayas are
sugarcane, coconut, palay, and abaca. Western
and Eastern Visayas are basically agricultural
areas, while Central Visayas has less than 50
percent agricultural lands is.
Abundance of Marine and Fishery Resources
Owing to its archipelagic nature, the Visayas has
the longest coastline among the island groups in
the Philippines. Its long coastline including bays,
coves and islets have mangrove forests, coral
reefs, and sea grass beds.
The Visayas has abundant fishery resources
with about twenty rich fishing grounds including
the Bohol Sea, Camotes Sea, Cebu Strait, East
Sulu Sea, Tanon Strait, Visayan Sea, Panay
Gulf, Guimaras Strait, Iloilo Strait, Leyte Gulf,
and Samar Sea (Figure 9).
project. This initiative by the Visayas RDCom
focuses on maintaining the biodiversity at the
Danajon Bank Double Barrier Reef, which is
located off northern Bohol and surrounded by
the Provinces of Cebu, Leyte, and Southern
Leyte.
Prominence of the Visayas in Information
Technology - Business Process Management
(IT-BPM) Operations
The Visayas, particularly the cities of Cebu,
Bacolod and Iloilo, has established a reputation
as location for IT-BPM firms. These companies
operate call centers, human resource
management, software development, animation/
creative services, data transcription, and other
related operations (Figure 10).
Tholons, which is a leading advisory firm for
global outsourcing, has recognized three cities in
the Visayas as among the best places to invest
for outsourcing operations. In its 2015 report,
Cebu City was ranked 8th by Tholons among the
top 100 outsourcing locations worldwide.
Bacolod City and Iloilo City were ranked 86th
and 91st, respectively, in the same report.
Locating in these cities is deemed advantageous
because of available skilled and English-
proficient labor force, favorable business
environment, strategic location, and good quality
digital infrastructure. On top of these
advantages, other reasons for favoring Cebu for
outsourcing include opportunities to mix work
with leisure because of world-class beach
resorts, shopping and recreation centers, vibrant
night life, and urban amenities.

At least 25 marine key biodiversity areas have
been proclaimed in order to protect the rich
marine resources of the Visayas. The governors
of Cebu, Iloilo, Masbate and Negros Occidental
have banded together to form the Governors’
Summit, a forum which aims to protect the
Visayan Sea. Recently, the Visayas Area
Regional Development Committee (RDCom)
adopted the protection of Cebu-Leyte-Bohol-
Southern Leyte (CeLeBoSoLe) as a special
Dumaguete City in Central Visayas is also fast
emerging as destination for IT-BPM investments.
It is in fact among the next wave cities that have
been identified by the Department of Science
and Technology- Information and
Communications Technology Office (DOST-
ICTO) and major industry players to host IT-
BPM companies. In 2016, Roxas City, Capiz,
has been identified as another emerging cities
for IT-BPM recognized by DOST-ICTO, IT and

Table 5
Energy Generation by Source, Visayas: 2011-2013
Luzon (%) Visayas (%)
Energy Source
2011 2012 2013 2011 2012 2013
Hydro 10.3 10.7 10.4 0.4 0.3 0.2
Geo 6.8 6.9 6.2 59.4 57.1 54.9
Coal/ Gas Turbine 37.7 40.8 45.5 37.1 38.7 40.6
Natural Gas 43.5 39.3 33.9 0.0 0.0 0.0
Diesel/oil 1.4 2.1 3.8 3.0 3.6 3.7
Wind 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bio 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.6
Source: Department of Energy
Figure 9
Coastal Resources and Fishing Grounds

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 14

 Figure 10
IT-BPM Heat Map

15 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Business Process Association Philippines
(iBPAP) and Leechiu Property Consultants, Inc.
Stable Power Supply and Varied Energy
Supply Mix
Stable energy supply is a primary requirement
for economic growth. Fortunately for the
Visayas, it has the largest geothermal fields
found in Tongonan, Leyte and Palinpinon,
Negros Oriental. More than half of power
generated are sourced from geothermal energy
sources. In 2013, the DOE reported that out of
the 2,448 MW being generated for the Visayas,
54.9 percent was from geothermal sources,
while 40.6 percent was from coal (Table 5).
Eastern Visayas is the largest geothermal
energy producer of the country. It currently
hosts five power plants with an aggregate
installed capacity of 700 megawatts. The
Malitbog Power Plant in Kananga, Leyte is
considered to be the world’s largest geothermal
power plant (Figure 11).
Other forms on conventional renewable energy
sources such as wind and solar energy are also
being harnessed. Nine wind energy projects,
with a combined potential capacity of 192 MW
have been approved by the DOE as of April
2014 (Table 6). Another 22-MW solar power
plant in San Carlos City was commissioned in
May 2014. The project is being developed by
Bronzeoak Philippines and Swiss-German firm
Thomas Lloyd. The company is set to open four
more solar power plants in Negros Island
targeted to be operational by summer 2015.
Abundant Mineral Resources
Copper and dolomite mining operations in Cebu
are Asia’s biggest. Dolomite reserves in Cebu
are estimated at 220 million metric tons.
Table 6
DOE Approved Wind Energy Projects, April 2014
Province Project
Aklan Nabas Wind Power
Malay Wind Power
Guimaras Nueva Valencia Wind
San Lorenzo Wind
Sibunag Wind
Iloilo Dumangas Wind
Negros Occidental Palupandan Wind
Negros Oriental Tanjay Wind
Cebu Cebu City Wind
VISAYAS
Source: Department of Energy
Extraction activities began in 1981. Dolomite is a
raw material for steel and glass manufacturing
(Figure 12).
The resumption of copper mining operations in
Toledo City by the Carmen Copper Corporation
in 2013 is expected to contribute significantly to
economic output of the Visayas. Other mineral
resources that have potential for extraction
include iron, chromite, and nickel in Eastern
Visayas, while gold, copper, manganese and
iron are found in Western Visayas.
Enticing Natural, Historical, and Cultural
Heritage for Tourism
Nature and adventure tourism are major tourist
drawers in the Visayas. Internationally known
beaches are in the islands of Boracay,
Bantayan, Mactan, Panglao and Siquijor. The
scenic views of Mount Kanlaon and Lake
Balinsasayao in Negros Oriental, the Chocolate
Hills in Bohol, the Langun-Gobingob Caves in
Samar, and the Kalanggaman Island in Leyte
are increasingly attracting more visitors.
Guimaras Island, Antique, and Northern Iloilo
are also becoming favored destinations by both
foreign and domestic tourists due to various
adventure tourism activities they can offer.
All three regions have unique natural attractions
that remain untapped for tourism. Adventure
activities in the region include diving, spelunking,
whale watching, mountain climbing, and biking
among others.
Tourism in the Visayas, however, goes beyond
white sand beaches, pristine dive spots, cave
formations, waterfalls, and mountain resorts.
Also scattered throughout the islands are places
and buildings representative of the region’s
history and cultural heritage. There are centuries
-old churches, watch towers, commercial
Company Potential Capacity (MW)
PetroWind Energy Inc. 50.00
Tri-Conti Elements Corporation -
Trans-Asia Renewable Energy Corp. 10.00
Trans-Asia Renewable Energy Corp. 54.00
Trans-Asia Renewable Energy Corp. 16.00
Trans-Asia Renewable Energy Corp. 12.00
FirstMaxpower International Corp. 50.00
Constellation Energy Corporation -
Amihan Energy Corporation -
192.0
 Figure 11
Location of Existing Power Plants

17 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Figure 12
Map on Mineral Deposits

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 18

 buildings, residential houses, and fortifications
constructed during the Spanish colonial years,
as well as buildings built by the Americans.
The cities of Cebu and Iloilo are the oldest
settlements in the country. Colon Street in Cebu
City was named by the Spaniards after the
explorer Christopher Columbus. The oldest
university in the country, the University of San
Carlos, established by Spanish Jesuits in 1595,
is located in Cebu City.
Boracay Island in the Province of Aklan is world
famous for its fine white sand beaches, crystal
blue waters, world class accommodation
facilities, and a vibrant night life. It has now
become the most popular holiday destination for
domestic and international visitors/tourists.
Negros Island has magnificent lakes, pristine
beaches, reserves, dive sites and highlands.
Popular dive site Apo Island, is an internationally
recognized site and home to the widest marine
conservation park.
Bohol is especially famous for its Chocolate
Hills, a natural marvel and a Philippine National
Geological Monument. Leyte’s longest bridge,
San Juanico Bridge is a man-made marvel that
is also a major access point for travelers from
Samar and Tacloban. Samar and Leyte have
natural attractions that remain untapped for
tourism. Siquijor Island is famous for its mystical
lure, rustic island beauty, and beautiful white
sand beaches.
The several dialects spoken in the major islands
makes one feel like being in a different world
altogether. As in most parts of the country,
English is also spoken and widely understood in
the area.
Urban Amenities in a Resort Setting
Key cities in the Visayas have been attracting
investments, particularly in light manufacturing
and IT-BPM operations because of the quality of
city living they offer to investors and expatriate
staff. Cities like Cebu, Iloilo and Bacolod are
particularly enticing to investors because in
addition to being compliant with investor location
requirements, these cities also offer peaceful
surroundings, quality accommodations, vibrant
night life, and proximity to beach resorts, golf
courses, and shopping malls.
The Visayas, moreover, is drawing visitors via
meetings, incentive, convention and events
(MICE) activities because of the proximity of
convention facilities to resorts, golf courses, and
shopping centers.
Presence of Educational Institutions
19 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
The Visayas has about 280 higher universities
and colleges, both public and private, which
augur well for the development off IT-BPM
industry in the areas. Many of these higher
educational institutions made their mark in
national competitive examinations for various
courses. A 2012 study conducted by the
Professional Regulation Commission and
Commission on Higher Education based on the
average passing rates in the Board
Examinations in all courses showed two
universities in the Visayas ranked among the
best in the country. These are the Silliman
University in Negros Oriental (ranked 4th) and
the University of San Carlos (ranked 11th) in
Cebu.
Growing dynamism and competitiveness of
local government units
Many cities and urbanizing municipalities now
have at their helm progressive executives who
are aware of the advantages and value of
applying best business practices in
governance. These cities and municipalities
stand out among the LGUs in terms of better
infrastructure, better finances, and an
enhanced business environment, including
regulations that make it easy for investors to
establish businesses. They serve as models
for other LGUs. A National Competitiveness
Council (NCC) report included two (2) local
government units (LGUs) in the Visayas in the
list of the country's most competitive cities,
which were graded along 30 indicators on
economic dynamism, governance efficiency,
and infrastructure.
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
Aside from the region’s comparative
advantages, other factors such as
opportunities arising from technological
advancement, growth and development of
knowledge and creative industries, and global
market integration, can help the Visayas fulfil
its economic potential and drive its growth to
higher levels.
The Advent of Interconnectivity
Advances in telecommunications technology
has made it possible for companies to
outsource part of their operations in offshore
locations where there are capable labor force
and high-speed Internet service. This is a
global phenomenon of “interconnectivity”,
where computers, mobile phones, households
and people are “wired” and interconnected.
Today, the ICT-BPM is one of the fastest
growing employment and revenue generating
industries in the Visayan regions with a potential
to employ millions in the coming years. The
Visayas will take advantage of the developments
in this area by opening more space for ICT-BPM
locators.
Their mastery in technology and digital
communication will help the Visayas move
forward economically by taking advantage of
new global opportunities in the information age
as well as the creative and culture economy.

ASEAN Economic Integration and Other Free

Rise of the Creative and Knowledge
Industries
Another global phenomenon, no doubt spawned
by ICT, is the rise of an economy driven by
creativity, culture, and technology called the
“creative and culture economy”. This
phenomenon is an interface between
economics, culture and technology. The scope
of creative and knowledge-based industries is
presented in Table 7.
The thriving creative industry of Cebu could be
further maximized and enhanced to make it one
of the economic drivers of the country. The
other Visayas provinces, could likewise excel in
creative industries like heritage, arts, media and
functional creations, could also find their niches
in this global phenomenon.
Expanding “Millennial” Workforce
The third global phenomenon is the new
“demographic window” in countries like the
Philippines. Young and economically productive
workers called the “New Millennials” are
beginning to dominate the country’s workforce.
Mostly born in the 80s, this new generation
workers is well-educated, skilled in technology,
very self-confident, able to multi-task, and have
plenty of energy. They prefer to work in teams,
rather than as individuals.
Trade Agreements
The ASEAN Economic Integration (AEC) and
various Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) that the
Philippines has entered into with Japan, China,
South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand
provide the region a wide array of opportunities
for economic expansion. Along with these
opportunities, however, is the challenge for the
Visayas to level up product quality and be
compliant with international standards as well as
with technical sanitary assessment/accreditation
so that the region’s products and services could
be competitive in the global market.
Given its central location, natural resources, and
strong cultural heritage, the Visayas has an
inherent comparative advantage in fisheries and
tourism. These two sectors are included in the
12 priority sectors that shall be liberalized ahead
of the other sectors for the AEC integration. As
earlier cited, the Visayas.
Renewed Investors’ Interest to Locate/
Relocate in the Philippines
There is a growing interest among investors
from the US, Japan, and other countries to
locate or relocate to the Philippines due to the
rising cost of doing business in China and
Vietnam. In the late 90s, companies moved out

Table 7
Creative and Knowledge Industries
Heritage Arts Media Functional Creations
Traditional Cultural Expressions Visual Arts Publishing and Printed Media Design
Art crafts Painting Books Interior
Festivals Sculpture Newspapers Graphic
Celebrations Antique Press and Fashion
Photography Other publications Jewelry
Toys
Cultural Sites Performing Arts Audio-visuals Creative Services
Historical monuments Live music Film Architecture
Museums Theater Television Advertising
Libraries Dance and radio Creative R&D
Archives Opera Broadcasting Cultural services
Puppetry Digital services
Circus New Media
Digitized content
Software
Video games
Animations
Source: UNCTAD
 from the country to neighboring Asian countries
for the same reasons.
The Philippines should seize this reopening of
doors as an opportunity to step up efforts to
revitalize its manufacturing sector.
In this scenario, the Visayas faces the challenge
of opening up new areas where prospective
companies could put up their plants and offices,
since most of its economic zones and industrial
estates are either already filled or nearing full
capacity.
The government’s investment priorities plan’s
(IPP) preferred activities and sectors shall be
promoted in the Visayas. These are
manufacturing, energy, agribusiness and fishery,
public Infrastructure and logistics services,
Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects, and
exports.
Expansion and Diversification of Tourism
Market
A recognized premier tourist destination in the
Philippines, the Visayas can ride with the rising
tide of tourists worldwide, as the international
tourism market continues to expand and
becomes more diverse. To be competitive in the
global tourism market the region needs to
develop products that cater to emerging markets
and come up with packages that offer more
varied experiences and more reason for tourists
to stay longer.
While the growth of the region’s tourism industry
is primarily driven by foreign tourists, domestic
tourists proved to be an equally important
segment in the industry. Domestic tourism kept
the industry afloat at the height of the global
financial crisis when global tourism demand was
on a downhill.
CHALLENGES OF THE
VISAYAS AREA
Despite its comparative advantages, the Visayas
faces a number of physical, socio-economic,
and governance challenges. This spatial
development framework aims to respond to
these challenges and mitigate or avert their
potential negative impact on the growth of the
area.
Physical Challenges
The Visayas is the most physically fragmented
area of the Philippines. It has seven large and
several hundred islands and islets which pose a
challenge in moving goods and people within
21 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
and outside its western, central, and eastern
regions.
Typhoons are expected to enter the country
through the Visayas area every year, particularly
Eastern Samar area. The Climate Change
Commission (CCC) has already noted a shift in
tropical cyclone occurrences, pointing to
increased number of typhoons in the Eastern
and Central Visayas regions. Storm surges, as a
result of strong winds, are likely to affect the
coastal communities exposed to these typhoons.
The Visayas is still reeling from widespread
damages caused by strong typhoons and
earthquakes (Figure13).
The Visayas is bounded by the Negros and Sulu
trenches in the eastern side as well as the
Philippine trench in the western side. It has
several fault lines throughout its islands, making
it vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis
(Figure 14).
Mt. Kanlaon, located in Negros Island, is the
most active volcano in Central Philippines.
These physical and climatic features point to the
vulnerability of the Visayan population to
disasters (Figure 15).
Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are
continually being affected by human activities,
resulting in damage to the environment, negative
impact to agriculture/marine/fishery production;
and possible degradation of the quality of human
settlements.
Land, water, and other natural resources are not
being used efficiently and effectively because of
limited capacities in physical planning,
particularly among mandated agencies and local
government units, to whom implementation of
crucial regulatory and legal measures are
assigned. It could also be due to overlapping
policies among the regulatory bodies.
The proliferation of informal settlers in major
urban areas slows down implementation of
government and private sector projects. It stifles
the use of valuable and limited real estate assets
for business and commercial purposes. This
situation is indicative also of the huge backlog in
socialized and low-cost housing. Many living in
high-risk areas, are most vulnerable when a
calamity strikes. There is also a need to
overcome the reluctance of poor families to be
relocated in high-rise buildings meant to
maximize the utilization of urban lands.
Socio-economic Challenges
a. In 2012, the Visayas regions had poverty
incidences of 22.8 percent (Region 6), 25.7
percent (Region 7), and 37.2 percent (Region
Figure 13
Typhoon Vulnerability Map

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 22

 Figure 14
Faults, Active Trenches and Areas Prone to Liquefaction

23 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Figure 15
Location of Volcanoes in the Visayas

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 24

 8). These are significantly higher than the
country’s average (19.7 percent). It is
g. There is a need to mobilize strategic
important to ensure that development
stakeholders to help develop thematic tourism
strategies for the Visayas adhere to the goal
circuits around the Visayas regions to provide
of inclusive growth to make sure that no one
visitors with alternative itineraries in highly
is left behind and that everyone benefits from
attractive destinations. The National Tourism
the fruits of economic growth.
Master Plan is a useful guide for such an
undertaking.
b. Net enrolment rates in the Visayas are among
the lowest. This situation could impact on the
h. Capacity-building for business and industry
quality of the region’s human resources in the
development should be another focus.
future.
Entrepreneurial skills of the workers along the
different sectors need to be improved.
b. Despite the booming IT-BPM operations in
Apprenticeship programs calling for the
the Visayas, the industries are faced with
training of students jointly by the schools and
difficulty of filling-up their vacancies due to the
establishments, and long recognized as an
shortage of applicants with the right
effective measure to address the problem of
competencies and qualifications, i.e. english -
“mismatch,” shall be strongly promoted.
proficient graduates.
f. Higher education is confronted with declining
Governance Challenges
number of enrollees for agriculture and
fisheries courses. This may mean lower
a. The success of the Visayas-wide initiatives
availability of human resource in agri -related
will require the full support of local
fields in the future.
government units, regional line agencies, the
private sector, the academe, and non-
c. Malnutrition rates are among the highest in
government organizations. The Regional
the Visayas. This is a challenge since
Development Committee for the Visayas,
malnutrition affects the educational
which is the coordinative institution for the
performance and overall physiological and
VSDF, will have to be strengthened to ensure
mental development of children.
the realization of priority programs/projects
and proposed legislative and policy proposals
d. There is an increasing number of Human
specially pertaining to land uses.
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) cases
b. Given that the Visayas is highly vulnerable to
in the Visayas contrary to the MDG target of
disasters and climate change, there is a need
halting and reversing the spread of this virus/
to set up a Visayas-wide plan for disaster
disease.
preparedness and establish protocols to be
followed for the regions to adequately and
d. While the Visayas posts the highest
systematically respond to major disasters.
production of basic agricultural commodities
like rice, corn, sugarcane, coconut, rootcrops,
d. Physical and land use planning require
tropical fruits, poultry, inland and marine fish
accurate base maps not only to better locate
products, it is still plagued by low agriculture
infrastructure and capital outlay projects but
and fishery productivity.
also to undertake simulations that will predict
possible effects of development interventions
e. There is a need to highlight the distinct and
and natural disasters. There is a need to
comparative advantages of investing in the
capacitate regional and local planners
Visayas. A concerted and deliberate effort to
through skills trainings, provision of
mount a marketing and promotions campaign
equipment, and exchange of information.
to attract more foreign and local investors still
remains to be done.
e. While tourism provides opportunities for
employment, livelihood, and incomes for
f. Despite the many agriculture and
host LGUs, the development of tourism sites
manufactured products in the three Visayas
have been slow, owing to the limited support
regions, a market information system needs
and less priority given to the industry by
to be established. Commodity flow studies
some local chief executives and the limited
should regularly be undertaken to readily
tourism development skills of local officials.
determine the demand and wholesale prices
Visayas-wide capability-building activities
of products that can be supplied by any of the
need to be undertaken jointly by the
Visayas provinces. This will serve as the
government and private sector to take
Visayas strategy for inclusive growth and to
advantage of the many benefits that tourism
sustain or further expand the role of rural
can provide.
communities in the regions.

25 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Development
Framework
2
 VISION
The Visayas: a competitive world-class
economy, where its people - proud of their
history, culture and heritage - live in progressive,
peaceful, sustainable, and resilient communities.
OBJECTIVES
To rationalize the development of
settlements towards a sustainable economy
1. Define and further develop the role of
metropolitan and regional centers as
catalysts for business transactions as well
as providers for immediate and advance
support services;
2. Identify, promote, support and rationalize
the location of investments in agribusiness,
manufacturing, information and
communications technology, tourism and
as well as service-related ventures;
3. Ensure systematic and orderly growth of
communities in settings that are conducive
to economic development and harmonious
living conditions;
To link the Visayas Regions to domestic and
global economy
1. Establish efficient and integrated
intermodal transport system to support the
growth drivers in agriculture, industry and
services;
2. Provide reliable power and
telecommunication network;
3. Promote and establish markets for
competitive products and services with
local and global trade partners;
To enhance resiliency and disaster
preparedness
1. Identify areas highly susceptible to
disasters, and populations vulnerable to
risks and hazards brought about by natural
calamities and climate change;
2. Provide interventions and actions to
mitigate if not minimize the harsh impacts
of calamities to the population, natural
systems, and production areas be it
agriculture or otherwise;
3. Identify and delineate areas for protection
and conservation; and
4. Institutionalize quick disaster-response
mechanisms and policies for interregional
support
27 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
STRATEGIES
Strategy 1: Concentration
The strategy on concentration will tap into the
potential of urban areas to foster growth,
generate jobs, and increase incomes. There will
be less encroachment into agricultural and other
environmentally-sensitive or protected areas. It
seeks to absorb growth of population to achieve
economies of scale and efficiency.
Areas and locations for industrial, agricultural,
business, tourism, and service-related activities
are identified in the VSDF. These areas, once
developed with government partnering with
private developers and investors, are expected
to generate new jobs, attract foreign direct
investments as well as create forward and
backward linkages in the economy.
Roles and Functions of the Network of
Growth Centers
Sub-strategy 1.1. Define and further develop
the roles of metropolitan and regional
centers as catalysts for business
transactions as well as providers for
immediate and advance support services
The proposed network of settlements in the
Visayas is composed of five tiers: (1)
Metropolitan Region, (2) Regional Centers, (3)
Sub-regional Centers, and (4) Provincial
Centers, and (5) Local Centers (Figure 17).
For the VSDF, the first four settlement tiers are
discussed since they have implications on inter-
regional and regional-sub-regional linkages
(Table 8). The local centers are best described
and discussed in the respective Regional
Physical Framework Plans (RPFPs) of Regions
6, 7 and 8 since the interaction among
settlements is mainly confined within the region.
Metropolitan Region
Metro Cebu is the metropolitan region in the
Visayas. Next to Metro Manila, it is the second
largest urban center in the country, which is
linked to a number of provinces not only in the
Visayas but also in Luzon, Mindanao and to the
rest of the world. Its central location makes it a
natural center for major urban functions.
As the metropolitan region, Metro Cebu serves
as the primary international gateway to and from
international destinations. At the same time, it is
the hub of travel to various points in the Visayas
and other domestic destinations. At present, the
Figure 16
Development Framework

Vision: THE VISAYAS: a competitive, world-class economy where its people

– proud of their history, culture and heritage –
live in progressive, peaceful, sustainable, and resilient communities.

To enhance resiliency and disaster

To rationalize the development of To link the Visayas Regions to do- preparedness
settlements towards a sustainable mestic and global economy
OBJECTIVES

economy

CONCENTRATION CONNECTIVITY VULNERABILITY REDUCTION

Define and further develop the role
of metropolitan and regional cen-
ters as catalysts for business trans-
actions as well as providers for
immediate and advance support
services
Establish efficient and integrated
inter-modal transport systems to
support growth drivers in the agri-
culture, industry and service sec-
tors
Identify areas highly susceptible to
disasters and populations vulnera-
ble to risks and hazards brought
about by natural calamities and
climate change

Provide reliable power and telecom- Provide interventions and actions to

STRATEGIES

munication network mitigate, if not minimize, the harsh

impacts of calamities to the popula-
Identify, promote, support and ra- tion, natural systems, and produc-
tionalize the location of invest- tion areas, be it agriculture or other-
ments in agri-business, manufac-
Promote and establish markets for wise
turing, information and communica-
competitive products and services
tions technology, tourism and as
with local and global trade partners
well as service-related ventures
Identify and delineate areas for pro-
tection and conservation
Ensure systematic and orderly
growth of communities in settings
that are conducive to economic
Institutionalize quick disaster-
development and harmonious living
response mechanisms and policies
conditions
for interregional support

PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 28

 Mactan Cebu International Airport (MCIAA) is
serving six international and 19 domestic
destinations with an annual domestic passenger
volume of 5.4 million and international
passenger volume of 1.6 million in 2013. In
terms of capacity and facilities, the MCIAA
comes second to the Ninoy Aquino International
Airport (NAIA) of Metro Manila.
Metro Cebu also has the second busiest
international port to back up its drive for
increased economic growth. Aside from the
increasing volume of cargo, an average of 62
thousand passengers pass through the port
daily. Metro Cebu also serves as the economic,
administrative, financial, and logistics center of
the Visayas.
The rapid growth of the cities and municipalities
bordering the “original” Metro Cebu has
compelled the regional authorities to extend the
geographical coverage of Metro Cebu to include
13 municipalities/cities, from Danao City in the
north to Carcar in the south covering an area of
113,336 hectares, with a combined population of
2,551,100 in 2010 and an annual population
growth rate of 2.83 percent.
Moreover, with Metro Cebu going into more
specialized fields such as information
technology, creative digital media and
specialized medical facilities, its sphere of
influence extends to other regional centers in the
Visayas.
Regional Centers
There are five cities proposed as regional
centers, under the National Spatial Strategy,
namely: (1) Metro Iloilo, (2) Metro Bacolod in
Region 6; (3) Metro Tagbilaran in Region 7; and
(4) Metro Tacloban, and (5) Metro Ormoc in
Region 8.
The regional centers shall serve as regional
markets and service centers to several
provinces and not only to the areas within the
province of their location. These regional centers
have direct air and sea links to and from Metro
Manila, Metro Cebu and other key destinations
in the country.
These cities were identified as regional centers
due to their existing or potential market-service
center size, strategic location as gateway to
Luzon, Mindanao and other areas in the
Visayas, and their key roles as regional
administrative centers, tourism hubs, logistics
and transportation hubs or center of trade in the
region.
29 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
Metro Iloilo
Serves as the regional capital of Western
Visayas. It is where the regional offices of
government agencies are located. It is one of the
areas comprising the Metro Iloilo-Guimaras
development area, with the creation of the Metro
Iloilo-Guimaras Economic Development Council
pursuant to Presidential Executive Order No.
559 of then President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
issued on August 28, 2006. It encompasses the
municipalities of Pavia, Oton, Leganes, Sta.
Barbara, Cabatuan, and San Miguel. With the
presence of the international airport in Sta.
Barbara-Cabatuan, and the seaport in Iloilo City,
it serves as an international gateway in the
region serving passengers and cargoes. Most
tertiary schools and private educational
institutions are located in Metro Iloilo. It is the
center for meetings, incentives, conferencing
and exhibitions (MICE) in the region. It is host to
major health facilities and ICT-BPM companies.
It is proud of its heritage, arts and culture. It has
a unique cuisine and plays host to the annual
festival, the Dinagyang. Iloilo is called the “City
of Love” and was considered the most noble and
loyal city during the Spanish era.
Metro Bacolod
Its neighboring cities, Bago, Silay and Talisay
and the municipality of Murcia, are being
proposed to comprise metro Bacolod. It serves
as an international gateway of Negros Island
through the international airport in Silay City.
The airport likewise has links to major domestic
destinations. It hosts major IT-BPM companies.
It has international standard sports stadia and
gymnasiums. It is the country’s “sugar bowl”
because of its sugar industry. Proud of its
heritage, arts and culture. Bacolod is dubbed as
the “City of Smiles” with art-loving people, a
unique cuisine, and the Masskara festival.
Metro Tagbilaran. Tourism is one of Bohol's
fastest growing industry and a major growth
driver. A substantial number of domestic and
international visitors are drawn to Bohol because
of its wide variety of high quality and unique
tourism attractions. Metro Tagbilaran is the
primary gateway to the province's various
tourism destinations. The completion of the
international airport in Panglao Island in 2017 is
expected to further boost tourism in the
province. Also, the inclusion of Bohol in the
Cebu tourism circuit will continue to boost
tourism in both provinces. Efforts shall be
exerted to also link Bohol tourism with that of
Negros Oriental and Siquijor to complete the
four-island tourism circuit destinations
Figure 17
Network of Settlements in the Visayas

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 30

Metro Tacloban
Metro Tacloban serves as gateway to Luzon and
Mindanao through the Pan-Pacific Highway. It
was among the areas worst hit by Typhoon
Yolanda in 2013, considered as the strongest
typhoon ever recorded. This has raised
concerns on the suitability of Tacloban to be a
regional center. The prevailing view among the
region's leaders and officials, however, is that
the city can continue to function as the regional
administrative center of Eastern Visayas. Its
vulnerability to natural disasters will be
addressed through the implementation of an
updated DRRM/CCA-enhanced Comprehensive
Land Use Plan. Furthermore, Metro Tacloban
needs to increase the scale of its economic
activities in order to increase employment
opportunities and provide its surrounding
provinces with levels of services comparable to
the other regions. Strengthening its linkages with
larger centers, especially Metro Cebu through
Ormoc City and Metro Iloilo will be one way to
make this possible.
Metro Ormoc
Ormoc emerges as the best alternative to
Tacloban, and most promising urban center in
Leyte. Ormoc's growth will help stimulate the
economy of Leyte and Samar. While Tacloban
will be maintained as a regional center, there is
a need to develop an alternate administrative
center to take over some of the key functions of
the city in the event of calamity. Ormoc has
strong physical links with Metro Cebu, which
proved to be valuable during the aftermath of
Typhoon Yolanda when Tacloban was isolated
due to extensive damage to infrastructure
including its airport. Ormoc became an important
entry point for the relief goods and workers
transiting from Metro Cebu and headed for
Tacloban and the rest of Leyte and Samar.
Sub-regional Centers
Many of the proposed sub-regional centers in
the Visayas are among the more progressive
and fast-growing in their respective provinces.
Some currently function as provincial
administrative centers. The sub-regional centers
shall serve as market and service centers of the
provinces.
Roxas City
Connected to Metro Manila and Cebu by air and
to Region 5 (Masbate) and Region 4A
(Batangas) through the Culasi Port. It provides
the economic link between the regional center,
Iloilo City, and serves as conduits for goods and
services within its own sphere of influence.
Though one of the areas heavily devastated by
Typhoon Yolanda, it still continues to be a main
producer of seafood products being the region’s
“seafood capital”. It is proud of its heritage, arts
and culture as host to various international arts
convention and cultural festivals, the most
popular of which are the Diwal, Capiztahan and
Halaran Festivals.

Table 8
Proposed Network of Settlements
Metropolitan
Regional Centers Sub-regional Centers Provincial Centers
Region
Metro Cebu 1. Metro Iloilo 1. Roxas City 1. Mambusao 21. Baybay City
2. Metro Bacolod 2. Malay 2. Pontevedra 22. Maasin City
3. Metro Tagbilaran 3. San Carlos City 3. Sara 23. Borongan City
4. Metro Tacloban 4. Kabankalan City 4. Concepcion 24. Catarman
5. Metro Ormoc 5. Estancia 5. Passi City 25. Laoang
6. Dumangas 6. Sta. Barbara 26. Naval
7. San Jose 7. Janiuay 27. Abuyog
8. Miag-ao 8. Cadiz City 28. Dolores
9. Jordan 9. Culasi 29. Guiuan
10. Kalibo 10. Binalbagan 30. Basey
11. Dumaguete City 11. Sipalay City 31. Calbiga
12. Bogo City 12. Guihulngan
13. Toledo City 13. Ayungon
14. Tubigon 14. Mabinay
15. Catbalogan City 15. Bais City
16. Calbayog City 16. Bayawan City
17. Danao City
18. Larena
19. Ubay
20. Jagna
Figure 18
Industrial Ecozone Development

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 32

Malay is the direct entry point to the world
famous Boracay Island. The Caticlan or Boracay
Airport, one of the busiest airports in the region,
is classified as Class 2 principal airport with
regular flight schedules to Cebu and Manila. It
provides access to Region 4B (Roxas Port) and
Region 4A (Batangas Port) through the Strong
Republic National Highway. It is seen as a major
transportation hub for agriculture and tourism in
its area of influence. Aside from white sand
beaches, the town and its neighboring areas
offer a wide array of ecotourism activities to
tourists.
San Carlos City
An economic zone and is currently considered
as the region’s renewable energy capital. With
its newly approved export processing zone/
industrial park, it is a catchment area for new
industries. It has land connection to Bais City in
Negros Oriental, as well as sea connections to
Bantayan Island, and Toledo City in Cebu

Table 9
Existing Manufacturing Economic Zones (MEZ) in the Visayas
Land Area
Region/Province Name of Economic Zone Location Developer/Operator
(Ha)
REGION VII
Basak, Lapu-Lapu City,
Cebu (8) Cebu Light Industrial Park Cebu Light Industrial Park, Inc. 62.49
Mactan, Cebu
South Reclamation
Cebu South Road Properties City Government of Cebu 295.69
Project, Cebu City
Lapu-Lapu City, Mactan, Philippine Economic Zone
Mactan Economic Zone I 119.37
Cebu Authority
Basak, Lapu-Lapu City,
Mactan Economic Zone II Aboitiz Land, Inc. 63.30
Mactan, Cebu
Sabang, Danao City,
MRI Economic Zone Mitsumi Realty, Inc. 28.29
Cebu
New Cebu Township Cantao-an, Naga, Cebu MRC Allied Industries, Inc. 122.83
Arpili and Buanoy,
West Cebu Industrial Park Cebu Light Industrial Park, Inc. 169.92
Balamban, Cebu
Naga Valley Industrial Park Naga City, Cebu Primary Properties Corporation 36.00
Region VIII
Leyte Industrial Development National Development
Leyte (1) Isabel, Leyte 424.70
Estate Corporation
Source: PEZA

Table 10
Manufacturing Economic Zones in the Visayas Undergoing Development
Land Area
Region/Province Name of Economic Zone Location Developer/Operator
(Ha)
Region VI
Barotac Nuevo Industry and Don Jose Sustiguer Monfort
Iloilo (3) Tinurian, Barotac Nuevo 50.00
Economic Park Memorial National College
Leganes Industrial Growth Municipal Government of
Leganes 177.60
Center Leganes
Pavia Special Economic Pa-aong and Mali-ao,
Municipal Government of Pavia 50.00
Zone Pavia
Municipal Government of
Guimaras (1) Guimaras Growth Center Mclain, Buenavista 216.50
Guimaras
Negros Bacolod City Special Bacolod Real Estate
Bacolod City 250.00
Occidental (2) Economic Zone Development Corporation
Pulupandan Ecozone
Pulupandan Ecozone Patic, Pulupandan 57.03
Corporation
Region VII
Polambato-Bogo Economic Wenmar Development
Cebu (1) Polambato, Bogo, Cebu 41.71
Zone Corporation
Region VIII
Daja Daku and
Amihan Woodlands Taglawigan, San Isidro,
Leyte (2) MRC Allied Industries, Inc. 2,312.69
Township Leyte and Jubay,
Calubian, Leyte
Tagpuro, San Isidro, New
Eastern Visayas Regional
Kawayan, Sto. Niño, City Government of Tacloban 31.93
Growth Center
Tacloban City
Source: PEZA
(Region 7). It has strong potential for ICT-BPM Dumaguete City. Kabangkalan City has big
expansion with the presence of Central potential for manufacturing and ICT-BPM
Philippine State University extension campus expansion. The Central Philippines State
and Northern Negros College of Science and University is located in the city.
Technology in neighboring city of Sagay.
Estancia
Kabankalan City
Rich in fishery resource, has a growing
The water adventure/summer capital of Negros aquaculture sector and a strong potential for
Island with an economy supported by strong light manufacturing industries. It connects Panay
fishery, aquaculture, and small mining industries. Island to Northern Negros and Region 5
It connects Western Visayas to Region 7 via (Masbate) and Region 4B (Romblon).

Table 11
Proposed Locations of New Industrial Estates
Region/Province Name of Economic Zone Location
REGION VI
Iloilo Northern Iloilo Corridor Manufacturing activities along San Dionisio and Concepcion. The establishment of the
international port in Dumangas will not only strengthen the existing RORO port and facilities that
connect the islands of Panay and Negros but will pave the way for opening of economic zones and
nearby inland agri-industrial estates in Zarraga, Mina, Pototan, and Passi City.
REGION VIII
Cebu Toledo–Balamban- The area will take advantage of existing industrial activities in Toledo (mining, fertilizer
Asturias Industrial manufacturing, power generation) and in Balamban (shipbuilding). There is an existing PEZA
Corridor accredited industrial estate in Balamban. Land is available to accommodate industrial activities.
Port infrastructure although existing in Toledo may have to be expanded, or another to be
developed in another location. Industrial road connecting to Metro Cebu will have to be built. Heavy
industries will be mainly considered.
Bogo - Medellin There is available land for industrial use, and existing port facilities in Bogo. Alternative ports can
Industrial Corridor be developed in neighboring Daanbantayan and San Remigio. Existing industry is sugarcane
milling. Light industries, and other manufacturing activities will be identified and promoted. Agro
processing could be considered. The area has sea connections to Western and Eastern Visayas
regions, so agricultural raw materials could be transported for further processing.Light industries,
production and assembly of machinery and parts, steel fabrication.
Malabuyoc - Ginatilan Malabuyoc currently has identified in its CLUP four industrial areas: South Development Zone in
Looc; New Town Center in Sto. Niño; Pozzolan Cement Quarry in Sorsogon; and North
Development Zone in Montañeza. Ginatilan is predominantly an agricultural town. Economic
activities include livestock production, fisheries, tourism, small-scale cottage industries.
Barili-Dumanjug Land for industrial development is available. Further studies may be required as to the appropriate
Industrial Corridor activities that will be promoted in the area. The following can be promoted in the corridor: light
industries, machinery parts, steel fabrication, and the like.
Carmen-Danao Danao City is host to a major electronic manufacturing firm. It also has a cement factory and SMEs
Industrial Corridor doing food processing, machine shop operations and other similar type activities. The corridor
could host factories and industrial zones that will deal with the following: industrial materials,
construction materials, resource-based processing, electronic components, industrial materials,
and construction materials.
Negros Oriental Bayawan City Agri- The city has huge agricultural area and a respectable fishing industry. Neighboring towns including
Processing Center those from the adjacent region of Easten Visayas could benefit from agro processing in the area.
Resource-based processing activities. Areas suitable for shipbuilding, repair yards for small ships
and allied services could be explored aside from focusing only on processing of agricultural
produce.
Guihulngan Agri - Food processing, woodworking, furniture are some possibilities in the area.
Industrial Zone
Bais City Ecozone Proximity to the airport is an advantage. Similarly, a new location for the port in or near the city
could be a plus factor for locators. Electronic components, industrial materials, wood and wood
based products, light manufacturing, among others could be produced in the zone.

Polo Eco-City Special The following products can be promoted and produced in the zone: electronic components,
Ecozone industrial materials, construction materials, resource-based processing, among others.
REGION VIII
Samar Catbalogan Shipbuilding The depth of the coast along Catbalogan is ideal for shipyard. The port infrastructure of the city,
Yard though, needs to be upgraded. Craft and food processing activities are flourishing in this area.
Catbalogan Power The city is also ideal for power generation ecozone, particularly one that would produce electricity
Generation Ecozone from renewable energy, such as hydropower.
Biliran Caibiran Power Renewable energy is also available in Biliran. Geothermal energy could be tapped along the border
Generation Ecozone of Caibiran and Biliran.
Source: PEZA
 Passenger boats regularly ply to Manila. The
area is popular for island resorts and eco-
tourism.
Dumangas
Connects Panay Island to Negros Occidental
with its RORO port services. The proposed
establishment of an international port in
Dumangas will not only strengthen the existing
RORO port and facilities but will pave the way
for opening of economic zones and nearby
inland agri-industrial estates in Zarraga, Mina,
Pototan, and Passi City. Fishery and
aquaculture are dominant industries in the area.
San Jose
Serves as the center for development in the
Province of Antique. It is along the “tuna
highway” of the region, which has unique pebbly
shorelines for sun, sea and mountain adventure.
Its neighboring towns are famous for hot springs.
The municipality connects the province to
Region 4B (Cuyo and Taytay ports in Palawan)
and Mindanao (Lugait port). The establishment
of a hydropower project will assure steady power
supply in the area. The expansion and
improvement of its airport will boost connectivity
to other areas in the country.
Miag-ao
A university town, being host to the University of
the Philippines Visayas. It has access to
Palawan (Coron and Cagayancillo) and
Southern Negros (Himamaylan City) through
Guimbal Port. Its fishing and aquaculture
industry is supported by the Southeast Asian
Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) in
Tigbauan.
Jordan,
The capital of the Province of Guimaras, is one
of the gateways to the island province. Along
with the other four municipalities of the province,
it offers various options for tourists, especially for
those who like the beach, or do hiking, biking,
and other related activities.
Kalibo
The international gateway to the world-famous
Boracay Island. The Kalibo International Airport
has international air link with Taiwan, China and
South Korea, and domestically, to Cebu and
Manila. Its expansion and improvement will
further enhance international connectivity and
boost tourism activities. Aside from sun and sea
tourism, it has various sites for inland and eco-
tourism. It also has strong potential for ICT/BPM
expansion with the presence of a big state
35 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
university, the Aklan State University. It is proud
of its heritage, arts and culture with its famous
festival - Ati-atihan.
Dumaguete City
The city is a university town, compact, and has
the fine amenities of city life. It has a major
seaport and an airport with direct connections to
Cebu and Manila as well as ports in Northern
Mindanao. It also serves as an entry point for
tourists who want to enjoy the beach and
engage in diving, mountain climbing, and
exploring the rugged beauty of Negros Island.
Bogo City
The city’s economy is driven primarily by the
sugarcane plantations in most of its land area. It
is, however, at a crossroads for those who travel
by sea to Leyte, Masbate, and Bantayan. Beach
resorts are an attraction. Fishing is also a major
industry.
Toledo City
The city’s economic roots come from the copper
mine, used to be the biggest in Asia, which has
recently resumed operations. The city likewise is
host to a number of power plants that supply
electric power to the Visayas Grid. It also has
factories producing fertilizer and industrial
chemicals. It has a major seaport that can
accommodate ocean going vessels as well as
those plying domestic routes. A RORO service
and fast sea craft connect Toledo and San
Carlos City in Negros Occidental.
Adjacent to the city is the municipality of
Balamban where an industrial economic zone is
located. One of the locators in the zone is a
Japanese shipbuilding firm that builds huge
ocean-going vessels up to 180 thousand DWT.
With the facility, the country now stands as the
fourth biggest ship manufacturer in the world. It
directly employs some 13 thousand people. The
company plans to make the facility its main
operating base in their Southeast Asia
operations. Another company builds aluminum
fast catamarans and boats. The other locators
provide allied industries to shipbuilding.
Tubigon
A first-income class municipality located
northeastern part of Bohol. Aside from its agro-
industrial role, the town offers eco-cultural
tourism owing to its pristine and white sand
beaches. It has the nearest seaport in Bohol to
Cebu, providing daily ferry round-trips. It has
recently expanded its seaport to accommodate
additional sea traffic.
Calbayog City
Located along the Pan-Philippine Highway
(Maharlika Highway), the city provides for an
ideal site for economic development. It will be
the center for commerce, trade, education, and
finance in the Samar side. Resource-based
processing will also be promoted in the area.
Calbayog City will continue to be one of the coco
oil producers in the region and host to the Samar
Agro-Industrial Economic Zone.
This corridor has one airport that has a daily
flight to and from Manila. It has two operational
ports that cater to Calbayog-Cebu-Calbayog,
Catbalogan-Manila, and Catbalogan-Cebu
routes and other major city destinations in the
country.
Catbalogan City
As the provincial capital of Samar, the city
serves as the main commercial, trading,
educational, political, and financial center of the
province. It has an important and major seaport
serving inter-island vessels. The city’s central
geographical location in the province makes it an
ideal gateway to the region's three Samar
provinces. The upgrading/improvement of the
airport will further boost its economic activities.
Provincial Centers
Provincial centers are typically the large or major
cities or municipalities in the provinces. Like the
sub-regional centers, the provincial centers shall
serve as market and service centers of the
provinces but in a limited scale compared to the
former.
Generally, the service coverage of these centers
extends to cities or municipalities within the
confines of the respective province only. Some
centers though, which are host to seaports, have
developed linkages with local government units
located in other provinces through these sea
routes. These local government units can benefit
from increased growth by improving linkages.
They also provide alternative access points to
other provinces.
Sub-strategy 1.2. Identify, promote, support
and rationalize the location of investments in
agri-business, manufacturing, information
and communications technology, tourism,
and service-related ventures
Areas to Accommodate New and Expanded
Economic Activities
To attract investments and generate new jobs,
specific areas and locations in the Visayas
Region will be identified where new economic
activities are to be located. Existing ones will
also be expanded whenever feasible. These
locations will include areas for industrial and
manufacturing activities, fishery and aquaculture
development, agri-business development, IT-
BPM, mineral and fossil fuel development, as
well as tourism and eco-tourism development
areas.
Industrial Estate/ Ecozone Development
Existing Industrial Estates. Industries are key
to growth in the Visayas. Areas appropriate for
industrial development will be pursued by
government in cooperation with the private
sector.
There are eight industrial estates in the Visayas
accredited by the Philippine Economic Zone
Authority (PEZA) as manufacturing economic
zones (MEZ). Eight of these are in Central
Visayas and one in Eastern Visayas (Table 9).
The PEZA likewise approved, as of December
2013, the accreditation of nine MEZs in the
Visayas, six in Western Visayas, one in Central
Visayas, and two in Eastern Visayas (Table 10).
All MEZs in Central Visayas are located in Metro
Cebu, except for one that specializes in
shipbuilding located on the western seaboard of
the province. Those located in Metro Cebu
manufacture or assemble watches,
semiconductors, electronic equipment, audio/
video equipment, office equipment, computers,
measuring instruments and jewelry. Others
manufacture rubber/plastic products such as
medical supplies, molded plastics, and
packaging materials. All seven are already filled
with locators while others are nearly full. The
MEZ in Leyte is engaged in copper smelting, a
first in Asia, and also in the manufacture of
fertilizer.
Proposed New Industrial Estates. Under the
VSDF, new industrial estates and MEZs are
identified and to be developed through PPP
(Table 11 and Figure 19). Private sector
identified sites will be supported by the
government in terms of incentives and
infrastructure support.
These proposed new locations for industrial and
manufacturing activities in the Visayas are
presented in map format in Figure 18.
Agri-business Development
In spite of the visible commercial and industrial
activities in major cities in the Visayas, majority
of its areas are still predominantly agricultural.
People living in these areas depend on
agricultural production for livelihood. Because
productivity is low and markets do not benefit
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 36
 Figure 19
Proposed Agri-business Development Areas

37 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 producers, most of the residents in rural areas new agro-industrial economic zones (AIEZ) in
are poor. Negros Occidental (Table 13).

There is still available space to produce high
value commercial crops in many parts of the
Visayas. The private sector will be invited to
invest in agri-business with assistance from
government. Agro processing centers will be
established and supported throughout the
Visayas to add value and generate jobs in the
countryside.
Existing Agro-Industrial Economic Zones. There
are five PEZA accredited companies who are
into agro-industrial manufacturing activities
(Table 12). Products include bioethanol fuels,
processed seaweeds, manufacture and
assembly of hydraulic pumps, pulp from natural
fibers, and coconut crude oil. More of these
types of activities will be promoted in the rural
areas especially those where raw materials are
available. In addition, PEZA has approved two
Proposal for New Agri-business Development
Areas. Table 14 and Figure 19 show the
locations of the proposed agribusiness
development areas in the VSDF.
Fishery and Aquaculture Development
Fishery production in the Visayas is on the
decline. Key fishing grounds have been over-
exploited. Destructive and illegal fishing methods
employed by commercial and artisanal
fishermen are not helping at all .
While there are programs currently implemented
both by government and non-government
organizations to ensure that fishery resources
are sustainably used and managed, the VSDF
will identify areas where fishery and aquaculture

Table 12
Existing Agro-Industrial Economic Zone
Region/ Developer/ Area
Name Location Locator and Type of Business
Province Operator (Ha)
Region VI
Negros San Carlos Palampas & Punao, San Julio 25.79 San Carlos Bioenergy, Inc.
Occidental (1) Ecozone San Carlos City, Realty, Inc Production of bioethanol fuel and its by-products, power/
Negros Occidental electricity, carbon dioxide and carbon emission reduction
(known as carbon credits) and syrup from sugarcane
Date Approved : 14 Jul 2009
Date Registered : 16 Sep 2011
Region VII
Cebu (1) Carmen Cebu Cogon West, Pacific Poly 7.60 Shemberg Biotech Corporation
Gum Industrial Carmen, Cebu City Gums Holdings Processing of seaweeds
Zone Corporation Date Approved : 14 Oct 2011
Date Registered : 18 Dec 2012
Negros Valencia Special Barangay Palinpinon, Municipal 4.33 Valencia Hydraulic System Technologies, Inc.
Oriental (1) Economic Zone Municipality of Government of Manufacture and assembly of hydraulic pumps
Valencia, Province of Valencia, Date Approved : 09 Dec 2010
Negros Oriental Negros Oriental Date Registered : 13 Jun 2011
Region VIII
Leyte (2) New Jubilee Agro Barangay Hilapnitan, New Jubilee 4.98 Specialty Pulp Manufacturing, Inc.
-Industrial Municipality of International Manufacture of specialty pulp (pulp from national fibers
Economic Zone Baybay, Province of Holdings, Inc. such as but not limited to abaca, jute, kenaf, etc.)
Leyte Date Approved : 19 Apr 2010
Date Registered : 21 Jul 2010
Samar Agro- Barangay Malajog, Hi Best 7.26 Samar Coco Products Manufacturing, Inc.
Industrial Tinambacan District, Property Manufacture of coco-crude oil and copra cake
Economic Zone Calbayog City, Developer Date Approved : 10 Jun 2009
Western Samar Corporation Date Registered : 19 Jul 2010
Source: PEZA

Table 13
Agro-Industrial Economic Zones for Development
Region/
Name Location Developer/Operator Area (Ha)
Province
Region VI
Negros North Negros Agro-Industrial Export Barangay Paraiso, Sagay City, City Government of Sagay, Negros 26.18
Occidental (2) Processing Zone Negros Occidental Occidental
San Carlos Economic Zone II Palampas, San Carlos City San Julio Realty Development 39.30
Corporation
Source: PEZA
 Figure 20
Proposed Fishery/Aquaculture Areas

39 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Table 14
3
Proposed Locations
Visayas Port Links of New Agri-Business Development Areas
Region/Province Location Description
REGION VI
Guimaras Guimaras Island The island is a complete package for tourists, ideal for those who like the beach, or do hiking, biking, and other
related activities. Dubbed as the country’s Mango Capital, it has big potentials for agri- and aquaculture-based
manufacturing industries. It serves as a link between central Panay and central Negros areas.
REGION VII
Cebu Bantayan Island Poultry Bantayan Island is a major producer of chicken egg in Central Visayas. With availability of fish meal and other
Development Area feed ingredients, the industry could still further be expanded. Further processing of eggs into new food items
could further boost productivity of the island and generate new jobs of local residents.
Taloot – Binlod – Bulasa, Argao has a RORO link to Loon, Bohol. Agri-business and agri-based processing industries can be promoted.
Argao There are small scale enterprises thriving in the area such as home woodcraft factories, lumber yards, firewood
makers, charcoal and mining pole suppliers. Tourist attractions for camping, trekking and hiking exist as well.
Argao is a major trading center in southeastern section of Cebu with its network of north-south and east-west
road links.
The Ronda – Dumanjug road is widened. The Cebu State College of Science and Technology (CSCST)
College of Agro-Industry and Forestry, Argao Campus offers tertiary as well as post-secondary courses.
Santander – Samboan The towns of Santander and Samboan are predominantly agricultural. with the bulk of its land devoted to crop
production, livestock production, and fishery production. Commercial establishments are concentrated in the
urban center. Santander currently has a rice and corn mill, a corn mill and a commercial hog farm. The
economies of these two municipalities is linked with the progressive economies of Negros Island, such as
Dumaguete City and Sibulan.
There are two existing ports, private and public. The public port is a RORO port catering to ferry boats plying
the Tampi, Negros Oriental – Talisay, Santander route. The private port accommodates motorized bancas
plying the Sibulan, Negros Oriental – Liloan, Santander route.
Bohol Central Bohol Agro Huge investments in irrigation dams are expected to raise production not only in palay but of high value and
Processing Center industrial crops. Agro based industries, food processing and related activities could be done in a yet to be
determined locations in the area.
Existing activity include commercial scale facilities in drying, storage and milling of palay. Newly established
African oil palm plantations will have prospects for processing and production.
REGION VIII Eastern Visayas is an agriculture region. However, its agricultural lands are underutilized. Thus, there is a need to develop these lands into
agribusiness areas. Moreover, agri-processing zones are identified in strategic areas to bolster the region’s agriculture industry
Biliran Biliran Agri-garden and Eco- The entire Biliran Island is identified as agriculture development area. The island is ideal for agri-processing
tourism Cluster industries. With its pristine beaches and dense forest, the island is also envisioned to become an adventure
eco-tourism destination. Moreover, a geothermal plant is being set up in the area. Boats ply the Naval-Cebu
route. There is also the Naval-Maripipi-Masbate RORO route. Once the Babatngon international seaport is
realized, routes from the island to Babatngon would be established. Also, an agri-processing zone in Naval
would increase the value of the province's agriculture produce.
Leyte Ormoc City-Merida Corridor Ormoc City's economic base is a good mix of agriculture, aquaculture, industry, tourism, and commercial
services. Sugarcane, rice and pineapple are the bulk produce of its agricultural land. Meanwhile, coconut, rice,
root crops (sweet potatoes, cassava, gabi and garlic), green onions, and fruits are Merida's agricultural
products.
Albuera-Matalom Corridor This corridor is ripe for the establishment of an agro-industrial zone, which would house feedmills, agri-
processing plants, etc. It has sea connections to Cebu and Bohol via the Hilongos and Bato. It also hosts the
Visayas’ premier agricultural school, the Visayas State University.
North Leyte Cluster An agricultural development area, this cluster has potential for further growth because of its proximity to the
proposed Babatngon international seaport.
Leyte Southeast Cluster Rich with agri lands, this area can further progress if an agri-processing zone is established in Javier.
Southern Leyte Cluster The province is one of the major producers of abaca fiber in the country. These abaca fibers are recognized to
Southern Leyte be of the highest quality. The province also produces rice, white corn, banana, root crops, sugar cane, coconut,
and vegetables. Because of its RORO ports connectivity to Mindanao, Liloan is the ideal place for an agri-
processing zone.
Samar Samar North Cluster This corridor is predominantly an agriculture and fishery development area. It has strong potential for agro and
light industries. Calbayog City, which is a subregional center, connects to Metro Manila, through the Calbayog
Airport, and to Cebu via the Calbayog Port. As alternative route to Leyte and Mindanao, opening a sea
connection (RORO) between Calbayog and Kawayan, Biliran could be explored.
Samar Central Cluster This area can further progress if an agri-processing zone is established in Catbalogan City.
Samar South Cluster To support the agriculture and fishery development area, resource-based industries should be established in
strategic areas, preferably near the highways. This corridor, particularly in Basey and Marabut, is also a tourist
destination. Setting up eco-tourism zones would spur further growth.
Eastern Samar Eastern Samar North Cluster This cluster is identified as an agriculture development area. It could also be a destination for adventure
tourism. Once tourism amenities are in place, this part of Eastern Samar could later be developed for sports
fishing, wind sailing, and other aqua sports.
Eastern Samar Central This cluster is identified as an agriculture development area. A fish port complex is proposed for establishment
Cluster similar to General Santos.
Eastern Samar South Cluster This cluster is also identified as an agriculture development area. This province can further progress if an agri-
processing zone is established in Guiuan.
Northern Samar Northern Samar Cluster Agriculture development of the area is still to be pursued. An agri-processing zone are projected to rise in Allen
due to its connectivity to Luzon.
development are to be focused (Table 14 and 15 Western Visayas, 13 in Central Visayas, and 2 in
and Figure 20). Eastern Visayas (Annex 2).

Business Process Management The IT parks in Eastern Visayas, however, have

temporarily ceased operations due to the
The Visayas shall continue to play a key role in damage caused by Typhoon Yolanda which
the country's outsourcing industry. Tholons, an struck the Visayas area in 2013.
investment advisory firm, ranks Cebu City in the
8th position among the top 100 outsourcing The IT-BPM industry in the Visayas shall not be
destinations in the world based on the following limited to 'call centers.' All the regions shall be
parameters: scale and quality of talent, business well equipped to accommodate back-office
catalyst i.e. economic profile of the city, operations, knowledge process outsourcing,
infrastructure, risks and quality of life. software design and engineering, animation,
game development, as well as medical
The Philippine Export Processing Zone Authority transcription.
(PEZA) lists 43 IT Parks and IT Centers in the
Visayas: 15 in Western Visayas, 26 in Central
Visayas, and 2 in Eastern Visayas (Annex 2).
Recently approved by PEZA and undergoing
development are 14 IT Parks and IT Centers in

Table 15
Proposed Locations of Fishery and Aquaculture Development Areas
Region/
Location Description
Province
REGION VI
Northern Negros Cluster It is a major fishery and aquaculture production area with big potentials for manufacturing.
San Carlos City has an economic zone and is currently considered as the region’s
renewable energy capital. It is a potential ICT-BPM expansion area with the presence of
the Northern Negros College of Science and Technology.
Southern Negros Cluster It is the water adventure/summer capital of Negros Island with an economy supported by
strong fishery, aquaculture and small mining industries. It connects Western Visayas to
Region 7 via Dumaguete City. With its center, Kabankalan City, the area has big potential
for manufacturing and ICT-BPM expansion. The Central Philippines State University is
located in the city. It is also proud of heritage, arts and culture. The city has a Children’s
Museum.
Northern Iloilo Corridor This is where Banate Bay is and considered as coastal management area. Fishery and
aquaculture are dominant in the area. There is, however, potential for locating
manufacturing activities along San Dionisio and Concepcion. The establishment of an
international port in Dumangas will not only strengthen the existing RORO port and
facilities that connect the islands of Panay and Negros but will also pave the way for
opening of economic zones and nearby inland agri-industrial estates in Zarraga, Mina,
Pototan, and Passi City.
Southern Panay Corridor This corridor is considered as the “tuna highway” in the region. The area has unique
pebbly shorelines for sun-sea-mountain adventure. It extends to southern towns of
Antique famous for hot springs. It has sea connections to Palawan (Coron and
Cagayancillo) and to southern Negros (Himamaylan City) through the Guimbal port. Its
fishing and aquaculture industry is supported by the Southeast Asian Fisheries
Development Center (SEAFDEC). It hosts the world renowned centuries old churches of
Miag-ao and San Joaquin.
Northern Capiz Coastal Corridor This corridor is composed of adjoining coastal municipalities, located in the northern
(Roxas City, Panay, Ivisan and Sapian Corridor) portion of the province, are the oyster, green mussel and angel wing production areas.
These shells are sought after and being marketed in other provinces. Oyster is being
processed into oyster sauce by a local processor.
The agricultural office of the provincial government proposed the establishment of
depuration facilities for these shells in order that the fishery products will meet the
standards of the international market.
Establishment of mariculture parks are proposed in these municipalities. The parks will
include fish breeding stations; preservation and protection of various species of fish and
corals.
Panay and Sapian Pilot implementation of aqua-silviculture. This is a multi-purpose production system that
allows production of fish in a mangrove reforestation project. This is considered as a
mangrove-friendly aqua-culture technique of fish production in a watered area enclosed
with net but does not allow cutting of any mangrove tree.
REGION VII
Bohol Talibon-Ubay Fishery / Aquaculture Development Sea farming and aquaculture activities already exist in the area. Tis is coupled with
Corridor successful interventions in the coastal and marine resources, there could be further growth
in the industry. Processing of fish and marine products further could further boost the
economy of the area.
 Proposed IT-BPM Locations
To accommodate more IT-BPM locators in the
Visayas, more areas presented in Table 16 will
be developed.
New Developments in the IT-BPM Sector
“Impact sourcing” is a new development that the
Visayas can avail of to bring formal employment
to the smaller cities, rural areas and low-
employment communities, as long as these are
accessible, have adequate labor supply and with
internet connectivity. Since impact sourcing
allows low level IT skills to be used, it will be
able to accommodate manpower with lower
education level. Industry insiders estimate that
by 2016, impact sourcing will make up 11
percent of IT-BPM market.
Further, the Visayas shall promote high-paying,
non-voice, and highly specialized business
process industries such as in the Health Care
Insurance and Information Management (HIIM)
industry. In 2013, the HIIM industry employed
about 500,000 people, generating approximately
USD 1 billion for the country. The industry is
expected to generate USD 25 billion revenues
and will create 1.3 million jobs by 2016. This
target revenue is as high as the government’s
target for OFW remittance.
Other developments that the Visayas shall take
advantage of are: the emergence of shared
service industries where the funding and
resourcing of the service is shared and the
providing department effectively becomes an
internal service provider; and the “app
economy,” which refers to the range of economic
activity surrounding mobile applications. The

Region/
Location Description
Province
Negros Guihulngan- Agribusiness / Guilhulngan and its environs are a major supplier of livestock to Cebu and Manila. Further improvement in
Oriental Livestock / Poultry Development a merely backyard raising operations such as devoting more areas into commercial livestock farming will
Corridor increase further the productivity of the area. Farmers can engage in fattening and related activities to take
advantage of the growing market for meat.
Bayawan Fishery / Agribusiness Bayawan City is a staging ground for commercial fishing operations around the area and in more distant
Development Areas fishing grounds. It also has a substantial area in the hinterlands for growing commercial high value crops,
hogs, poultry and livestock. The Tamlang Valley is eyed by the Dept of Agriculture as a major vegetable
growing region in Negros Oriental.
REGION VIII Among the three regions, Eastern Visayas has the longest stretch of coastlines. According to a fisheries research conducted in 2013, it is also
home to one of the richest fishing grounds, the Samar Sea. However, overfishing is a major concern in the region. Hence, there is a need to
shift to sustainable fisheries, i.e. responsible aquaculture and ecosystems-based management.
Eastern Nautical Tuna Highway From Palapag down to Guiuan in Samar Island and Abuyog to San Ricardo in Leyte and Panaon Islands,
this part of Eastern Visayas is dubbed as the region's tuna highway. With rich, but unaccounted, aquatic
catch, particularly tuna and marlin, this stretch of coastal towns facing the Pacific Ocean could be
developed by establishing a fishport complete with processing plants and cold storage facilities. Most of
the fish catch of this side of the Philippine Sea lands in General Santos City canneries.
Samar Sea Cluster This corridor is rich in fishery resources from the Samar Sea. Hence, there is a need to sustainably
manage the area. Finfish, seaweeds, and seashells are some of this area's aquatic harvest.
Fisheries, Coastal Resources Partly-funded by the International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD), this project of the Bureau of
and Livelihood (FishCORAL) Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) would be implemented in four gulf/bays of the region.
Project Areas
-Leyte Gulf
-Maqueda Bay
-Matarinao Bay
-Silago-Cabalian Bay

Mariculture Parks/Zones (MP/Z) Envisioned as sea-based industrial parks/zones, the MP/Zs are designed not only for fish production but
-Tacloban MP/Z also for processing. Ancillary services and facilities such as cold storage, hauling devices, etc. are also
-Ormoc MP/Z included. Easterm Visayas had 15 MP/Zs. Most of these have finfish cage locators and seaweed growers.
-Merida MP/Z The bulk of the region's bangus harvest comes from Basey, Tacloban, Sta. Rita, and Babatngon MPs while
-Leyte MP/Z a huge portion of the grouper yield comes from Quinapondan MP. At this point, the region's MP/Zs are on
-Carigara MP/Z the production stage, wherein processing plants are not yet established. Further development is needed to
-Babatngon MP/Z bolster the region's aqua production.
-Basey MP/Z
-Sta. Rita MP/Z
-Calbayog MP/Z
-San Jose MP/Z
-Lao-ang MP/Z
-Quinapondan MP/Z
Proposed Catbalogan The City Government of Catbalogan is proposing to establish a similar MP.
Aquamarine Park
Danajon Bank Most of the region's seaweed produce is harvested in the Danajon Bank.
latter is expected to outpace the growth of the IT
-BPM with some USD 160 billion projected to be
generated by 2016.
Support to Policies and Regulations for ICT
Infrastructure Development
ICT in the Visayas shall be widely employed to
enhance agricultural productivity, as well as to
attract more investments in manufacturing,
mining, travel, tourism and hospitality. The
Visayas economy stands to greatly benefit from
improved infrastructure and highly skilled labor
force in ICT. Vast and wide-ranging
employment opportunities for those with skills on
e-business consulting/planning, systems analyis/
programming. Other employment opportunities
are for data and call center services, PC
technicians, network technicians, linemen,
telephone/cellphone technicians and others.
accessible and affordable ICT infrastructure is
needed nationwide to be able to participate and
compete in the global information as well as the
creative economies.
Unfortunately the country’s telecom
infrastructure (telephones, mobile phones,
Internet access, and various cable and satellite
technologies) is still behind countries like
Singapore, Vietnam and Malaysia. The
Philippines lags behind its Asian neighbors,
particularly in terms of personal computer
penetration index, internet usage, access to
electricity, and telephone density and more
importantly, in internet speed. South Korea,
which has the highest internet speed connection
in the world, has an average of 14.2Mbps,
followed by Japan and Hong Kong. The
Philippines has an average of 1.4Mbps, far
behind the global average of 3.1Mbps.

Technology, having changed the way people The Visayas shall position itself to take
communicate and governments and firms advantage of the opportunities offered by the
interact and do business has become of primary emerging fields in the information
importance in driving economic growth in the communication technology sector by providing
country, particularly in the Visayas. A reliable,

Table 16
Proposed Locations for IT-BPM Operations
Region/
Location Description
Province
REGION VI
Aklan Kalibo-Malay Corridor The Kalibo International Airport and the Caticlan Airport are located in the area. Very close to the
world-famous Boracay Island. Aside from sun and sea tourism it has various sites for inland and
ecotourism. It also has strong potential for ICT-BPM expansion. The biggest state university is the
Aklan State University.
Negros Northern Negros Cluster San Carlos City has an economic zone and is currently considered as the region’s renewable energy
Occidental capital. It is a potential ICT-BPO expansion area with the presence of the Northern Negros College
of Science & Technology.
Old Bacolod Airport
Capiz Pueblo de Panay Technopark, A seven-hectare Information, Communications and Technology (ICT) Special Economic Zone that
Lawaan, Roxas City targets business processing outsourcing (BPO) companies. The technopark has been granted pre-
qualification approval by the PEZA Board.
Located within the 400-hectare mixed-use Pueblo de Panay township that is about 2 kilometers from
the heart of Roxas City, about 4 kilometers to the Roxas City airport and 7 kilometers to the Culasi
seaport.
Antique San Jose, Sibalom Savant Technologies, Inc., a non-voice business process outsourcing (BPO) and knowledge process
outsourcing (KPO), has already located in the capital town of San Jose providing employment to
some 200 call center employees. Presently, the municipal government of San Jose is in the process
of applying for a PEZA accreditation of its IT park zone situated in Barangay Dalipe.
REGION VII
Negros Dumaguete City and environs Existing IT locators, workers, yearly crop of university graduates, airport and seaport links to major
Oriental cities in the country and international destinations, and proximity to urban and leisurely lifestyle gives
the city an advantage over other locations in the region.
Metro Tagbilaran PLDT has recently installed high speed broadband internet though fiber optic cable. An international
airport is now under construction. Several colleges produce graduates each year as source of
workers. It is a tourist destination so expats would be interested relocating and working there. The old
airport will house new office buildings to accommodate locators.
REGION VIII Eastern Visayas has the potential to build niches in non-voice BPMs such as health care information management, corporate services
(HR, procurement, accounting, etc.), creative (animation and game development), IT sourcing, and engineering services outsources.
Moreover, 96.4% of the region's ICT and media establishments use computers at work. This is higher than the national rate of 95.7
percent.
Tacloban City and Ormoc City There are several home-based workers providing outsourcing services in Tacloban City and Ormoc
City. Copying the trend of Cebu IT, small areas, which are usually just a series of buildings, can be
proclaimed as IT ecozones for these entrepreneurs.
Catarman The Province of Northern Samar is currently pursuing advocacy and skills development along
creative animation and game development. Catarman, being the province's capital, is the ideal hub
for IT-BPM operations.
Figure 21
Tourism Development Areas

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 44

adequate and appropriate infrastructure support
such as airports, strong broad internet
connection, and stable power supply. The
Visayas shall actively advocate enabling
policies, and enhancement of the legal and
regulatory environment that will fast-track
significant improvements in ICT infrastructure
nationwide.
Continuous Upgrading of ICT Human Resource
Capacities. Inspite of deficiencies in ICT
infrastructure, the country and the Visayas were
able to take advantage of the economic
opportunities afforded by ICT-based industries
such as software development and IT-BPM
operations. The education institutions together
with business and industry establishments shall
continuously upgrade and strengthen their ICT
training programs to keep pace with the
seemingly unending new developments in the
sector.
Manufacturing and Heavy Industries
The Visayas will take advantage of the positive
developments in the manufacturing industry in
Asia. The highly skilled workers, low cost of
labor, power, and space, which have attracted
manufacturers to locate in China and other
Asian countries in the 1990s could also entice
these investors to locate back to the Visayas
area.
The Visayas will accommodate prospective
locators, especially in car and car parts
Table 17
Existing Tourism Economic Zones in the Visayas
Region/
Name of Economic Zones
Province
REGION VI
Aklan (1) Boracay Eco-Village Resort
Tourism Ecozone
REGION VII
Cebu (2) Philippine BXT Corp Tourism
Economic Zone
SM Seaside City Tourism
Economic Zone
Table 18
Tourism Economic Zone Development in the Visayas, Ongoing Development
Region/
Name of Economic Zones
Province
REGION VI
Iloilo Eco-Tourism of Cabatuan, Ililo
Aklan New Coast Boracay Ecozone
Aklan Kean Resort
manufacturing. It will continue to replicate the
initial success at shipbuilding in Cebu and
explore new sites for development. Areas in the
Visayas that are suited to medium and heavy
industries include the West Cebu Industrial Park
(WCIP), a thriving industrial community in the
western coast of Cebu with industries like
shipbuilding and repair, ship parts
manufacturing, and other allied activities, and
the Toledo-Balamban-Asturias corridor to cater
to similar heavy industries.
Mineral Resources Development
The sustainable and environment-friendly
exploration, development, and production of
mineral resources in the Visayas will be
promoted through different programs, projects
and activities. Several mining companies in the
Visayas have been operating. Carmen Copper
Corporation is engaged in the exploration of
copper, gold, silver, pyrite, magnetite, and
molybdenum. Alcoy, Cebu is known for its large
deposit of dolomite mineral and is currently the
world's biggest dolomite mining found in Asia.
The Semirara Coal Mining Corporation in
Caluya, Antique in Western Visayas is also the
country’s biggest coal producer. Bauxite is the
top ore deposit in Eastern Visayas, estimated to
have a total reserve of 116,230,220 metric tons.
Other mineral resources found in the region are
magnetite, chromite, gold, copper, silver, zinc,
nickel, limestone, rock phosphate, dolomite, and
cobalt iron.
Land Area
Location Developer/Operator
(Ha)
Yapak, Boracay Island, Malay, Aklan Boracay Property 72.29
Holdings, Inc.
Barangay Maribago, Lapulapu City, Cebu Philippine BXT Corp
7.50
Cebu South Road Properties Complex, Cebu City SM Prime Holdings, Inc
30.41
Land Area
Location Developer/Operator
(Ha)
Cabatuan, Ilolio Ilawod Estates 10.00
Philippines, Inc
Balabag and Yapak, Malay, Aklan Fil Estate Properties, Inc. 93.23
Barangay Union, Nabas, Aklan Akean Resort 17.37
Corporation
Tourism and Eco-Tourism Development
Areas
Travel and tourism related industry is another
major driver of economic growth in the Visayas.
The Visayas Spatial Development Framework
(VSDF) will pursue the strategies and priorities
already laid out in the National Tourism
Development Plan.
The vibrant mix of natural, historical and man-
made attractions such as natural formations,
pristine beaches, dive spots, a range of luxury to
affordable resorts, and other amenities has
made the Visayas a favorite tourist destination. It
hosts world famous beaches, and cultural and
historical gems, and several other as yet
undiscovered natural spots.
There are six clusters in Central Philippines
covering 27 Tourism Development Areas (TDAs)
identified in the Philippine Tourism Master Plan.
Central Visayas
In Central Visayas, six TDAs shall be developed
and promoted, namely:
TDA1 : Northern Cebu-Bantayan-Malapascua
Camotes Island
TDA 2 : Metro Cebu-Mactan-Olango Island
TDA 3 : Southern Cebu
TDA 4 : Negros Oriental-Dumaguete City-Apo
Island
TDA 5 : Bohol-Loon Tourism Estate-Panglao
Island
TDA 6 : Siquijor Island
Roughly 233,000 additional jobs will be
generated once tourism infrastructure are put in
place in the Central Visayas destinations.
Western Visayas
In Western Visayas, four TDAs shall be
developed and promoted:
TDA 1 : Metro Iloilo-Guimaras Island
TDA 2 : Bacolod, Silay, Negros Occidental
TDA 3 :Boracay, Kalibo (Aklan), Northern
Antique
TDA 4 : Capiz
About 50,000 direct and 500,000 indirect
employment will be generated once
infrastructures and utilities to support tourism
activities are put in place in these areas.
Specifically, the following tourism circuits will be
developed to enhance complementation among
tourist destinations in Western Visayas:
• Northern Iloilo circuit
• Northern Antique circuit
• Northern Negros circuit
• Central Negros circuit
• Southern Negros circuit
• Metro Bacolod circuit
• Metro Iloilo and Guimaras circuit
Kalibo-Malay Tourism Corridors (with
consideration of San Jose, Romblon (Carabao
Island) as component):
• Northeastern Panay
• Guimaras Island
• Southern Panay Coastal
• Southern Panay Highlands
• Northwest Panay Peninsula
• metro Bacolod
• Mount Canlaon Preservation
Eastern Visayas
In this region, six TDAs are identified based on
availability of attractions, facilities and services,
capacity of the environment to sustain tourism
development; and accessibility from key source
market, among others. These are as follows:
TDA 1 : Northeastern Leyte-Basey and
Marabut Area
TDA 2 : Northwestern Leyte Area
TDA 3 : Southern Leyte Area
TDA 4 : West Samar Area
TDA 5 : Eastern Samar Area
TDA 6 : Northern Samar Area
TDA 7 : Biliran Area
The Northeastern Leyte-Basey and Marabut
Area TDA offers a wide range of hotels and food
centers, where accommodation establishments
have amenities, attractions, activities, and
souvenirs in place. This TDA includes the
regional capital, Tacloban City, Palo and
Tanauan, a favorite venue for skim boarding
competitions. Famous historical sites are: Sto.
Niño Shrine and Heritage Museum and McArthur
Landing Memorial Shrine in Palo, Leyte. The
Northwest Leyte area offers best quality resorts,
hotels and food centers. Attractions under this
TDA also include nature activities like rafting,
island hopping, ecological tripping, swimming
and snorkeling.
Covering 12 municipalities and the capital city of
Maasin in the province of Southern Leyte, this
TDA has lots of deep-seated coral reefs, thus,
activities here include scuba diving and
snorkeling. Whale-shark watching is also
another attraction. This TDA is also a site for
adventure tourism like bungee jumping and zip
line.
Attractions in the West Samar Area are the
Calbiga and Tinagoan caves. Calbayog City,
included in this TDA, is dubbed as the City of
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 46
 Figure 22
Existing Road Network

47 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Figure 23
Existing and New Port Development Projects

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 48

 Figure 24
Existing and New Airport Development Projects

49 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Waterfalls. Found in this area are Lulugayan
Falls, Pinipisakan Falls, Darosdos Falls, Pan-as
Falls and Ton-ok Falls.
The Eastern Samar area offers swimming and
snorkeling in its marine-bound and island
destinations, and trekking in its forest-bound and
waterfall spots. This TDA is inclusive of the
Guiuan Group of Islands, declared as small
island tourism zone, as well as Southeastern
Samar covering all other municipalities of
Eastern Samar.
The Northern Samar area includes the
Balicuatro Group of Islands and Pacific Towns.
Activities under this TDA include scuba diving,
snorkeling, and shark viewing. A primary
attractive spot is Biri-LaRosa, which is a
protected landscape and seascape. Biri
showcases marvelous rock formations brought
about by the waves of San Bernardino Strait.
The same with Northwest Leyte area, this TDA
offers best quality resorts, hotels and food
centers. Ideal nature activities are rafting, island
hopping, ecological tripping, swimming and
snorkeling.
Tourism Economic Zones. There are three
existing tourism economic zones (TEZ) in the
Visayas, one in Aklan and two in Cebu (Table
17). Three TEZs in Aklan are currently under
development (Table 18).
Sub-strategy 1.3. Ensure systematic and
orderly growth of communities in settings
conducive to economic development and
harmonious living conditions
This involves promotion of peace and order,
good governance, and education and skills
development, and other factors necessary to
provide an environment that will propel the
growth of the economy of the Visayas and result
in improved socio-economic conditions of the
people.
Strategy 2: Connectivity
The strategy on connectivity seeks to increase
and improve linkages among settlements and
key production and tourism areas whether by
land, air, or sea. It will increase access to and
improve efficiency of markets, and encourage
growth and concentration through transportation
alignments supporting development objectives.
Vulnerability during emergency situations are
addressed in the VSDF by increasing
redundancy of transport links.
The needed infrastructure facilities and their
respective locations are identified in the VSDF.
These infrastructure facilities when operational
will support, expand, and stimulate economic
and productive activities by connecting urban
systems and settlements as well as improving
mobility of cargo and people within and between
the communities, islands, regions, and between
them and the rest of the country and beyond.
Sub-strategy 2.1. Establish efficient and
integrated inter-modal transport systems, to
support growth drivers in the agriculture,
industry, and services sectors
Build Infrastructure that Connect People,
Move Goods, and Provide Services
As discussed in Sub-strategy 1.2, specific areas
to be devoted to industrial and manufacturing
activities, aquaculture and agribusiness, IT-BPM
locations, tourism development, will be
identified. To attract private sector investments
into these fields, the needed infrastructure
support will be provided by the national
government.
Improvement/Widening of Existing Road
Links. Existing road links, particularly those
that link roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ports, airports,
and settlement centers will be expanded to four-
lanes or wider.
Road maintenance and safety, and convenience
of road users shall be given top attention.
Overloaded trucks and trailers cause accidents,
congestion, and damage to road infrastructure,
which result in huge wastage of public funds.
Weighbridge stations at strategic locations along
major national roads shall be installed. Drainage
facilities at both sides of national roads will be
provided. Measures against encroachment of
road right of way will be strictly enforced. Street
lighting and appropriate road safety devices
shall be put in place. Clean restrooms and rest
stops will be constructed along major highways.
Construction of New Roads and Bridges.
New roads and bridges will be constructed,
particularly those that lead to identified or
proposed production areas, industrial estates,
and tourism development areas identified in the
plan. These new road infrastructures will
likewise connect to ports and airports and cater
to the expected increase in the number of
passengers and freight as more development
happens in the less developed parts of the
regions.
New roads shall also be constructed for mobility
in urban and population centers, priority to be
given to links that increase access to basic
social and other development services.
Natural hazards such as typhoons and
earthquakes cause damage to infrastructure
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 50
 Figure 25
Existing and Proposed Power Transmission Project

51 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

which may leave affected areas inaccessible
and isolated. Increasing redundancy reduces
vulnerability during emergency situations. Thus,
construction of alternate roads and bridges shall
be pursued as availability of alternate routes in
disaster-stricken areas allow timely rescue and
relief operations.
In Western Visayas, bridges that will link the
provinces of Panay and Guimaras, and the
island province of Guimaras with Negros
Occidental are proposed. A bridge that will link
Southern Cebu and Negros Oriental as well as a
third bridge between Metro Cebu and Mactan
Island are proposed in Central Visayas.
Improvement of Existing Ports and Facilities.
Major existing ports in the Visayas are in Cebu,
Bacolod and Iloilo. Regular and proper
maintenance to enhance performance and
extend useful life of existing ports and facilities
shall be a continuing thrust to increase efficiency
in operations. Improvement of existing ports and
facilities promotes convenience and safety of
users, enhance their aesthetics, and support the
needs of sectors considered economic growth
drivers.
In Iloilo City, decongesting port traffic shall be
addressed by transferring the operation of the
Iloilo City Port Complex (ICPC) to Dumangas
Port in Dumangas, Iloilo. This will entail the full
development and upgrading of the Dumangas
Port, as well as concreting and expansion of
access roads leading to the port area. The
proposed improvement of facilities will comply
Table 19
Existing Service Contracts for Oil and Gas Exploration
Service Contract
Company
Number
40 Forum Exploration, Inc.
44 Gas2Grid Pte Limited
49 China International Mining Petroleum Co. Ltd.
51 Nor Asian Energy Limited
69 Nor Asian Energy Philippines Inc
Source: DOE
Table 20
Contracts Awarded for Renewable Energy Projects, Visayas
No. of Contracts Potential Capacity
Type
Awarded
Biomass 10
Biomass (own-use) 10
Geothermal 7 70
Hydro 49
Solar 12
Solar (own-use) 1 1
Wind 9 192
TOTAL 98
Source: DOE
with international port security and safety
standards, such as installation of close circuit
television camera (CCTVs) and security x-ray
machines.
Construction of New Ports and Facilities.
Studies to determine feasible sites for
construction of new and alternate seaports
airports shall be undertaken. Planning for new
ports shall highlight environmental protection to
consider features such as energy conservation
type of air conditioning system, natural light and
ventilation, solar power generation system, solar
hot water supply system, LED lights and daylight
sensors for lounges and lobbies. New seaports
with RORO facilities shall be given priority since
they create more business opportunities for
tourism, commercial and agriculture.
To cater to the expected expansion in production
and trade in the Visayas, new ports shall be
constructed. The Cebu Industrial Port (CIP) will
be transferred to a new location to address
congestion in the existing CIP. Construction of
an alternate port is also now being studied for
the Port of Dumaguete in Negros Oriental.
Western Visayas will be developing an alternate
port in Buruanga, Aklan and Eastern Visayas
looking at building a transshipment hub in the
area.
The proposed construction of Buruanga Port in
Western Visayas is intended to serve as an
alternate port to Caticlan. The development of
the Caticlan Port is expected to provide support
to the tourism industry particularly in catering
Area
Location
(Ha)
Northern Cebu 458,000
Central Cebu 73,000
Southern Cebu 265,000
East Visayan Sea 332,000
Visayan Basin 528,000
Installed Capacity
(MW) (MW)
130 70
77
915
735 1
168
1,296 1,063
 Figure 26
Committed and Indicative Power Projects of DOE

53 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

international cruise vessels visiting Boracay in
Aklan. In Central Visayas, there is an ongoing
feasibility study to explore location options for an
alternate Negros Oriental Seaport. Eastern
Visayas shall put up a transshipment hub in
various locations in the region.
Improvement of Existing Airports and
Facilities. There are four international, nine
domestic, and eight feeder airports in the
Visayas. The Mactan-Cebu International Airport
(MCIAA), the busiest and the largest airport in
the country outside of Manila, has reached
saturation point in handling flights, cargo and
passengers. MCIAA has handled more than
4.74 million domestic passengers and 1.47
million international passengers in 2011.
Average growth rates in the last decade are 12
percent and 14.7 percent for domestic and
international passengers respectively. As of
March 2014, there are nine international
destinations, the busiest of which is Inchon,
South Korea, followed by Hongkong and
Singapore. Through the public-private
partnership (PPP) arrangement, the construction
of a new terminal building among other
developments is being undertaken in the
MCIAA. Figure 18 shows the location of existing
network of airports in the Visayas.
Also included in the list of 10 busiest airports
based on passenger movement in 2012 are
Iloilo International Airport (4th), Kalibo
International Airport (5th), and Bacolod-Silay
Airport (7th) – all in Western Visayas. These
major airports shall be upgraded in accordance
with ICAO standards to cater to the growing
number of local and foreign passengers and
forestall airport congestion.
The Boracay-Caticlan Airport complex in Aklan
is undergoing expansion to accommodate larger
aircrafts and direct flights from cities throughout
Asia. The airport caters to an average of three
million passengers each year.
Construction of New Airports Ports and
Facilities. Now ongoing construction is the
Php 7.5 billion Panglao International Airport in
Bohol, which is due for completion in 2016.
Elsewhere in the Visayas, new airports shall be
constructed, as shown in Figure 24.
Provision of Adequate and Stable Power
Supply. The Visayas Grid has a total installed
capacity of 2,447 MW and a total dependable
capacity of 2,103 MW (86 percent of installed
capacity. For 2014-2023, demand in the Visayas
is projected to expand at an average annual rate
of 5.0 percent, higher than in Luzon and
Mindanao. Demand is expected to reach 2,574
MW in 2023 from 1,572 MW in 2013. The
dependable capacity of the Visayas Grid can
accommodate the required capacity only until
2014.
To address the expected supply-demand gap,
additional generation capacity projects shall be
put in place in the Visayas Grid before the start
of the critical year. Some 430 MW are expected
from committed capacity addition projects from
2013-2016. Committed projects are those that
have service contracts in place, are in
development/commercial stage and have
reached financial close. The location of existing

Table 21 Table 22
Hydropower Potential of the Visayas DOE-Approved Wind Energy Projects for the Visayas, 2014
Estimated
Region / Province Wind Power Potential Capacity
Capacity (MW) Province Company
Project (MW)
Region VI 777.40
Aklan 55.60
Aklan Nabas PetroWind Energy Inc. 50
Antique 226.80
Capiz 4.28 Malay Tri-Conti Elements Corp. -
Iloilo 63.47 Nueva Trans-Asia Renewable
Negros Occidental 427.25 Guimaras 10
Valencia Energy Corp.
Region VII 266.22 Trans-Asia Renewable
San Lorenzo 54
Energy Corp.
Negros Oriental 239.33
Trans-Asia Renewable
Cebu 12.58 Sibunag 16
Energy Corp.
Bohol 14.31 Trans-Asia Renewable
Iloilo Dumangas 12
Region VIII 162.70 Energy Corp.
Northern Samar 8.97 First Maxpower
Negros Occidental Pulupandan 50
International Corp.
Eastern Samar 87.12
Western Samar 43.06 Negros Oriental Tanjay Constellation Energy Corp. -
Biliran 0.64
Cebu Cebu City Amihan Energy Corp. NA
Leyte 18.17
Southern Leyte 4.74 Total 192
Source: DOE Source: DOE
 power plants in the Visayas is shown in Figure
25.
The Visayas Grid can also expect an additional
807 MW power supply during the period 2013-
2018 once the indicative capacity addition
projects are realized. Indicative projects are
those that have service contracts and are in
development/commercial stage but with no bank
financing yet. About 42 percent of the indicative
capacity addition projects intend to harness
renewable energy sources.
As of 2013, Visayas has a total substation
capacity of 3,504 Mega Volt Ampere (MVA)
accounting for 12.5 percent of the country's total.
Also, it has a total 4,840 ckt-kms of transmission
lines.
The transmission backbone of the Visayas Grid
consists of 895 km of lines stretching from Allen
Cable Terminal Station (CTS) in Samar to
Nabas Sub-station (S/S) in Panay.
Apart from the committed and indicative capacity
addition projects and identified transmission
projects, the development and utilization of
renewable energy resources shall also be
accelerated. The Visayas shall encourage
investments in energy through regular conduct
of energy investment fora, strengthening
demand forecasting, intensifying the
implementation of the Government Energy
Management Program, and promoting disaster-
resilient power infrastructure. The new power
plants for construction is shown in Figure 26.
Fossil Fuels and Renewable Energy
Development
Oil and Gas
The prospects for the commercial development
of fossil fuels are high. The Visayas hosts two oil
and gas basins, namely the West Masbate-Iloilo
and Visayan Basins. The West Masbate-Iloilo
Basin is around 1,960 square kilometers with a
resource potential of 86.3 million barrels of oil
and 338.5 billion cubic feet (BCF) of gas. The
Visayan Basin is approximately 3,400 square
kilometers with a resource potential of 183.5
million barrels of oil and 719.5 BCF of gas.
The Department of Energy (DOE) has awarded
service contracts to oil exploration companies to
test commercial viability of these areas (Table
19).
The DOE likewise noted that the Visayas has
vast potential for natural gas deposits. These are
found in the Visayan Sea and the Mindoro-Cuyo
Platform.
55 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
Coal
Coal reserves in the Visayas are estimated by
DOE to be around 766.5 million metric tons
(MMT). There are 19 coal operating contract
(COC) holders in the Visayas, of which 10 are
into development and production and 9 are into
exploration.
Renewable Energy
Tapping into renewable sources of energy,
hydro, solar, biomass, and geothermal sources
will be given due attention. Currently, the power
generation mix in the Visayas is heavy on
geothermal energy (52 %), followed by coal (41
percent).
The private sector interest in investing into
renewable energy has been encouraging. As of
April 2014, the DOE has awarded a total of 98
contracts to various renewable energy projects
(Table 20).
Applications for 10 hydro projects with potential
capacity of 26 MW and two solar projects with
potential capacity of 18 MW are being evaluated.
Hydropower
A JICA sponsored study shows that the Visayas
has 320 potential sites for hydropower
generation with an estimated potential capacity
of 1,409.72 MW. An 8-MW hydroelectric power
plant is under construction in Bugasong,
Antique. The regional and provincial breakdown
of hydropower potential of the Visayas is
presented in Table 21.
Solar Energy
The Visayas could be the first in the country to
utilize solar energy technology. In May 2014,
President Benigno Aquino III inaugurated the
commissioning of the 22-MW solar power plant
in San Carlos City in Negros Occidental. The
company and the investors behind the project
plan to open four more solar power farms in the
province targeted for operation by summer of
2015.
Wind Energy
The Visayas, being a group of several islands,
has strong potential for wind energy. As of April
2014, the DOE has approved nine projects with
a combined generating capacity of 192 MW
(Table 22).
Biomass
Power generation using biomass, according to a
USAID study, will have potential power
generating capacity of 1,512 MW for the
Visayas. The study estimates potential
greenhouse gas emission reduction to reach
3.71 million tons of CO2. As of April 2014, the
DOE has awarded ten biomass projects with a
generating capacity of 77.21 MW. A 20 MW
multi feedstock-fired power plant is also under
construction in San Carlos City.
Provision of Telecommunications Support.
Despite the significant progress that has been
achieved in ICT, there is a wide disparity in the
availability and level of ICT infrastructure and
services between major urban centers and rural
areas. Broadband internet access shall be
improved in terms of speed and made available
even to far-flung areas, including island
barangays.
Telecom service providers will be required or
given appropriate incentives by government in
order to provide high quality and high speed
internet connectivity in areas proposed for IT-
BPM, industrial as well as tourism development.
A digital fiber optic network loop, which assures
a more resilient network, shall include smaller
urban centers to attract bandwidth heavy sectors
like the IT-BPM industry.
Sub-strategy 2.3. Promote and establish
markets for competitive products and
services with local and global trade partners
To ensure that production will translate to
incomes, there is a need to promote and market
products and services by establishing links with
partners.
Strategy 3: Vulnerability Reduction
This particular strategy explicitly considers the
fact that the Visayas is prone to natural
calamities and disasters. It is broken down into
several sub-strategies, namely: 1) Identify areas
and populations highly vulnerable to risks and
hazards brought about by natural calamities and
climate change, 2) Provide interventions and
actions to mitigate, if not minimize, the harsh
impacts of calamities to the population, natural
systems, and production areas, 3) Identify and
delineate areas for protection and conservation,
and 4) Institutionalize quick disaster-response
mechanisms and policies for inter-regional
support.
Keeping Economic Development in Harmony
with Nature
The VSDF adopts the principles of Philippine
Agenda 21, the country’s agenda for sustainable
development. These are:
• Primacy of Developing Full Human Potential:
Visayans shall be at the core of development
initiatives
• Holistic Science and Appropriate
Technology: solutions properly correspond to
the local challenges or problems at hand
• Cultural, Moral and Spiritual Sensitivity: that
local knowledge, practices and beliefs are
given due consideration in plan
implementation
• Self-determination: the Visayans’ right to
determine the course of their development
will be properly recognized
• National Sovereignty
• Gender sensitivity
• Peace, Order and National Unity
• Social Justice, Inter-, Intra-Generational and
Spatial Equity
• Participatory democracy
• Institutional viability
• Viable, sound and broad-based economic
development
• Sustainable population
• Ecological soundness
• Bio-geographical Equity and Community-
based Resource Management
• Global Cooperation
Area-specific sustainable development
strategies shall include:
• Detailed delineation of lands that are
available for settlement expansion
• Relocation of population encroaching in
major waterways, easements and buffer
zones and other environmentally critical
areas
• Matching of land uses and densities with the
carrying capacities of the physical
environment and service infrastructure
• Protection of prime and productive
agricultural lands from conversion via proper
land use and infrastructure planning and
zoning. The LGUs will take lead in the
identification of prime agricultural lands as
key production areas for their protection from
conversion
• To the extent possible, conversion of existing
agricultural lands shall not be allowed unless
no other reasonable option is available for
accommodating a land use, activity or facility
that has been identified as a higher priority,
and where economic benefits will prove to be
more beneficial.
• Promotion of the mainstreaming of DRR-
CCA in local plans
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 56
 Figure 27
Protected Areas

57 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

• Capability building of cities and municipalities
in analysis and integration of hazard and
climate change vulnerability maps in
comprehensive land use plans and zoning
ordinances
• Improvement of ambient air and water quality
through establishment of airsheds and
quality monitoring stations in urban areas
• Enforcement of the mandatory requirements
of RA 9003 (Solid Waste Act)
• Fast-tracking of the processing of
environmental compliance certificates,
especially for sanitary landfills
• Promotion of clean fuel and use of
indigenous resources as source of clean
energy
• Pedestrianization will be encouraged in
urban areas to decrease reliance in motor
vehicles and consequently reduce air
pollution.
• River rehabilitation and protection shall be
undertaken using bio-eco-engineering
technology. Rivers and other bodies of
water in urban areas will be revitalized and
developed as tourist attractions.
• Urban parks with dense greenery will be
established to minimize heat island effects in
towns and cities.
• LGUs will be encouraged to adopt green
architecture with rooftop gardens in central
business districts and climate change-
resilient building designs will be adopted,
especially in new urban centers.
• Waste recycling technologies to reduce
greenhouse gas emission and groundwater
pollution in sanitary landfills will be promoted.
• Enforcement of market-based instruments
such as fixed-fee and pollution load -based
fee to address water pollution problems
• Intensification of ecological solid waste and
waste water management
• Promotion of cleaner more efficient and
environment-friendly technologies
• Pursuit of environmentally sound and socially
acceptable mining practices via the
implementation of environmental protection
and social development programs, giving
due consideration to the free and prior
informed consent of affected indigenous
communities
Addressing Threats from Natural and Man-
made Hazards
Natural and man-made disasters will affect
people, physical environment, and socio-
economic activities. Spatial planning is
increasingly regarded as one important
instrument for disaster risk reduction. Its
attractiveness lies in its function for regulating
long term use of space. Through appropriate
land use allocation, exposures to natural
hazards at the current and future situation can
be minimized or even prevented.
The Visayas shall focus spatial planning on the
four priority areas of concern as identified under
the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan, namely:
• disaster prevention and mitigation
• disaster preparedness
• disaster response
• rehabilitation and recovery
A Visayas-wide Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan shall be formulated for a
more synchronized, adequate and systematic
response in times of major disasters. For this
purpose, a review of the respective Regional
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plans
(RDRRMPs) of the three Visayas regions will be
undertaken.
Planning for risk reduction and management
shall be enhanced with the use of spatial
information. When a disaster strikes, spatial
information, such as on the nature, location, and
pattern of occurrence and impacts of hazards,
makes dealing with the situation more
predictable. The use of spatial data will enable
planners and implementers to pinpoint which
elements of society will be greatly affected in the
event of man-made or natural hazards at a given
time and magnitude.
Other strategies to consider mitigating disasters
include:
• Update existing database and information
system
• Conduct advocacy and training activities
• Tap Official Development Assistance (ODA)
as window for development funds
• Implement RA 10121 or the Disaster
Management Act of 2010
• Establish policies support, incentives and
recognition
• Activate and strengthen the Provincial Solid
Waste Management Board (PSWMB)
• Prepare disaster preparedness plan at the
provincial and municipal levels
• Establish and implement an Environmental
Management System
• LGUs to lessen number of households living
in hazard prone areas
• Enhancement of capabilities of communities
in risk reduction and dealing with impacts of
hazards
• Intensification of public awareness on the
importance of disaster prevention and
mitigation
• Improvement of hazard prone communities’
access to financing and insurance schemes
Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 58
 • Strengthening of partnerships
collaboration between private sector and
volunteer organizations
• Tapping support of overseas Filipinos
• Adoption of climate change resilient
technologies.
• Strengthen capabilities of institution leaders
to understand and address issues on
potential climate–related losses
economies and societies.
Reducing the Vulnerability of Natural
Resource Systems / Assets
The following strategies shall be used to
enhance the resiliency of natural resource
systems of the Visayas:
a. Forest areas shall be developed and
rehabilitated through the establishment of
forest plantations. Forest land use planning
and co-management approaches shall be
pursued in close coordination with and
cooperation of LGUs. Activities such as
permanent delineation of forest lines and
vulnerability assessment of critical and
priority watersheds will be necessary for this
undertaking. Meanwhile, forest protection
and law enforcement shall be intensified with
the deputization of forest protection officers
and strengthening of Police Environment
Desk Officers in local government units.
b. An integrated coastal management plan
shall be developed and implemented by
DENR in close coordination with LGUs.
LGUs in coastal areas shall formulate
policies and implement coastal management
projects.
c. Wetlands shall be monitored and critical
habitats outside of the National Integrated
Protection Areas System (NIPAS) shall be
identified and assessed. Vulnerability
assessment of critical and priority
watersheds, detailed geohazard assessment
of highly vulnerable areas, and carbon stock,
biomass and volume assessment of forest
plantations will be conducted.
d. Eco-tourism business plans shall be closely
regulated and monitored to ensure that the
least disturbance and disruption occur in
protected areas.
e. Mitigating measures shall be identified to
lessen the impact of development
interventions, particularly along critical
marine resource areas like the Tañon Strait,
and the Visayan Sea. Tañon Strait is site of
oil exploration and the Visayan Sea is one of
the richest but heavily exploited fishing
grounds in the country.
59 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
and
f. The passage of laws identifying and
demarcating the key biodiversity areas shall
be pursued. Creating area-wide special
management units to promote coordination
and cooperation among provinces with
regard to management and utilization of
shared resources shall be considered.
to
g. Clear policy guidelines on reclamation as a
development option shall be formulated.
h. A scheme on sharing of expertise on
enhancing the resiliency of ecosystems shall
be established among the different State
Universities and Colleges located in the
three Visayas region. Other institutional
support mechanisms, shall be initiated,
namely:
• Establish database on ecosystems
• Re-activate/strengthen Protected Area
Management Boards (PAMBs)
• Conduct watershed characterization
• Use results of by the Coastal Fisheries
Resource Management (CFRM) studies
on the delineation of municipal waters in
planning and decision-making.
Protecting Highly Productive Agricultural
Lands and Fishery Areas
Integrated water resource management and
sustainable land management technologies are
crucial in the development of water, land, and
related resources. Environment-friendly and
sustainable production systems, such as the
farming systems development approach and
organic agriculture will be actively supported.
The resilience of fisheries to climate change will
be promoted through investment in sustainable
fishing technologies and products.
Other strategies to be adopted to protect our
agricultural lands and fishery areas are the
following:
a. Establishment of community-based early
warning systems, agro-meteorology stations,
automatic weather stations and climate field
schools.
b. Strengthening of research to improve crop,
livestock and fishery varieties to make them
resistant to temperature increase, drought
tolerant, resistant to stresses such as water
logging and pests.
c. Establishment of climate-resilient agriculture
infrastructure through enhanced design of
irrigation facilities, farm-to-market roads,
postharvest facilities that take climate risks
and extreme events into account.
Figure 28
Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture and Agro-industrial Development

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 60

 d. Provision of agricultural extension and
support services to raise farmers’
knowledge and capacity to adopt climate-
sensitive farming and fishing technologies
will be enhanced.

e. Support and advocate the passage of the

National Land Use Act as basis for effective
land use policy and planning.

Institutionalizing Inter-regional Disaster

Response Mechanisms

A Visayas-wide Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Plan shall be prepared to spell out
area-wide response mechanisms. The
strategies will be aligned along the different
DRRM components, namely, Prevention and
Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and
Rehabilitation and Recovery. Communication
protocols among the DRRMCs of the three
regions will also be established.

For the Visayas-wide plan, emphasis shall be

on cross-cutting DRRM strategies that include
the following:

a. Advocacy and IEC

b. Competency-based capability Building
c. Contingency Planning
d. Education on DRRM and CCA for all
e. Institutionalization of DRRMCs and
LDRRMOs
f. Mainstreaming of DRRM in all Plans
g. Research, Technology Development, and
Knowledge Management
h. Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning
i. Networking and Partnership-Building

61 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 62
 Programs, Projects
3 & Activities
The VSDF has an investment program for
implementation during the 30 year plan period to
support each of the three main strategies. The
list of programs and projects (PAPs) are
categorized as Core activities and
Complementary PAPs.
Core PAPs are (a) interregional in scope; (b)
regional projects that support the role of the
metropolitan regions and regional centers that
have area-wide impacts; and (c) to be pursued
by the RDCom for the Visayas area and by
NLUC for the NSS.
bridges and ports along the western and central
spine of the nautical highway including the RP-
Japan Maharlika highway in Eastern Visayas;
construction of roads leading to all tourism sites;
establishment of various railway transport
systems linking the major urban centers;
expansion and upgrading into world-class all
international container ports in the three regions;
and construction of mega bridges connecting
Panay (Iloilo) - Guimaras - Negros Occidental,
Negros Oriental (Sibulan and Amlan) - Cebu,
Cebu-Bohol-Leyte, Babatngon-Sta. Rita (Samar
-Leyte), and the 3rd Mactan Bridge.

Complementary PAPs are those (a) regional
projects that support, directly or indirectly, the
Core PAPs as well as the strategy of
concentration in major urban centers, and (b)
those that will be pursued by the RDCs.
Projects related to power generation and
distribution, albeit important as support for
economic development, are not included in this
document for the reason that these mainly
involve private investments.
For vulnerability reduction, the construction of
strategically-located disaster-resilient evacuation
centers complemented by the establishment of
disaster logistics network is targeted for
implementation. Massive environmental
management and pollution control programs will
also be undertaken.

All PAPs identified for VSDF has a total

estimated cost of P4.5 trillion for implementation
over 30 years. Eighty-one percent or around
P3.6 trillion is required for the first 10 years or
between 2016-2025. The second ten years will
require 14 percent of total amount or about
PhP628 billion and in the last ten years, 5.0
percent or PhP238 billion.

Connectivity has the largest investment

requirement of 87 percent or P3.9 trillion;
vulnerability reduction accounts for 9.4 percent
or P426.5 billion; and concentration 3.6 percent
or around P162 billion.

Core projects under the concentration strategy

will require only 2.3 percent of the total
investment requirements under the strategy,
while complementary projects will have the bulk
of the share at 97.7 percent.

For connectivity, core projects account for 60.3

percent or P2.3 trillion while complementary
projects have 39.7 percent or P1.5 trillion.

For vulnerability reduction, core projects have 99

percent of costs or P422.5billion and
complementary projects only require less than
one percent or about P4 billion.

The major core programs/projects under the

concentration strategy are the establishment of
agribusiness development areas, economic
zones, IT parks and tourism estates.

Under connectivity, the big ticket core projects

include: upgrading/widening of major roads/

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 64

 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
(PhP Million) Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
1. CONCENTRATION
Core
Establishment of Visayas-wide Identification of 500 500
Economic potential areas for
Zones, IT Parks, ecozone/ agri-
and Tourism industrial estate
Estates Economic Zones Reg 8: development/ IT
Catbalogan City, Caibiran, Parks/ Tourism
Isabel, Baybay City Estates; delineation
IT Parks Reg 8: Palo, of areas;
Tacloban City, Ormoc City, identification of
Catarman support infrastructure
Tourism Estates Reg 8: TDA1- and utilities
Northeastern Leyte-Basey and
Marabut Area; TDA 2-
Northwestern Leyte Area; TDA
3- Southern Leyte Area; TDA
4- West Samar Area; TDA 5-
Eastern Samar Area; TDA 6-
Northern Samar Area; TDA 7 -
Biliran Area
Visayas Tourism Visayas-wide 80 80
Development
Reg 8: Tacloban-Basey- Development of
Program Marabut; Ormoc City-Baybay thematic tourism
City-Palompon-Isabel- circuits, tour
Kananga-Albuera; Padre packages, capacity-
Burgos-Limasawa-Pintuyan- building for LGUs
San Ricardo-San Francisco- and marketing
Macrohon-Liloan; Paranas-
Daram-Calbayog City; Guiuan-
Borongan City-Maydolong-
Llorente-Lawaan; Biri-
Lavezares-Capul-Allen-San
Antonio-Catarman-Bobon
Loon Tourism Loon, Bohol, Region 7 Development of Loon 25 25
Enterprise Zone Tourism Enterprise
Project Zone
Establishment of Visayas-wide 500 500 500 1,500
Agribusiness
Reg 8: Naval, Kawayan;
Development
Palompon, Hilongos, Abuyog,
Areas Javier; Maasin City, Sogod,
San Juan; Gandara, Paranas,
Sta. Rita, Villareal;
Balangkayan, Oras,
Quinapundan; Catubig,
Laoang, Catarman

Philippine Rural Visayas-wide The PRDP is a 27,535 National Budget

Development government platform Budget for Visayas to be determined
Program (PRDP) for a modern and
climate-smart
agriculture to be
pursued through
partnerships with
LGUs and agri-
fishery stakeholders
towards realizing the
goals of food security
and governance. It
has components:, 1)
I-Plan, 2) I-Build, 3) I
-Reap, and 4) I-
65 Support.
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
(PhP Million) Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Development of Tacloban City, Region 8 Development of the 237 125 125
the EV Regional has. EV regional growth
Growth Center center; identification of
priority products and
industries in consideration
of the needs of other
regions
Agri-Processing Visayas-wide Establishment of agri- 1,500 1,500
Eco-zones Reg 6: Jordan, Mina, processing ecozones
Cabatuan; Reg 8: Allen,
Catbalogan, Guiuan,
Babatngon, Naval,
Ormoc, Javier, Baybay,
Liloan
Sub-Total 2,730 500 500 3,730
Percent 73% 13% 13%
Complementary
Development Visayas-wide Promotion and inter- 100 100 100 300
and regional sharing of organic
Commercializati farming technology in
on of Organic crops production for
Farm commercialization
Technology
Integrated Rice Visayas-wide Technology-based 150 150 150 450
Production enhancement program in
Enhancement rice production
Program
(IRPEP)

Screening and Visayas-wide Commercialization and 10 10 10 30

Commercializati inter-regional sharing of
on of Special disaster resilient and
Purpose Rice special purpose rice (e.g.
Varieties those produced in Abuyog,
Leyte)
Aqua-Marine Visayas-wide Aqua-marine based 1,000 2,500 3,310 6,810
Development, livelihood production
Small Scale
Fisheries
Livelihood
Projects
Agri-business, Visayas-wide Training of farmers/ 1,500 2,100 1,500 5,100
aquaculture fisherfolks; Site
projects development; Product
(Agribusiness in handling and marketing
support to (pricing, product
tourism information); Establishment
requirements) of protocols to meet the
quality standards;
Establishment of product
quality standards
Development of Iloilo City, Cadiz City, Development/expansion of 500 500 1,000
Fish port Estancia, Roxas City, fish port complexes in
complex/marine Culasi; Borongan City, strategic areas in Eastern
processing Guiuan, E. Samar and Western Visayas
centers
Upgrading, Iloilo, Aklan, Antique, Upgrading, modernizing of
modernizing of Capiz, Guimaras and technical-vocational
technical- Negros Occ training campuses
vocational managed by TESDA
training
campuses
Provincial Food By province, Region VI The FTs will consolidate 50 50 100
Terminal / agricultural products from
Agricultural production areas, package
Produce and market to major outlets
Consolidation 66
Center
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Total Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million)
Cost (Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Buffer seed Region 8 Establishment of 66
stocking provincial buffers 66
seed stocks
Conduct of pest Region 8 Periodic conduct of 19
and diseases diseases surveillance 19
surveillance/ in agri-production
SEWS in areas
clustered areas to
determine and
prevent pest
occurrence
Soil Analysis and Region 8 Conduct of soil 16
Mapping Project analysis and 16
establishment of soil
characteristics
database
Growth Center Region 8 Construction of 100 100 100 300
Housing housing projects in
Development growth centers
Program
Establishment of Visayas-wide 30 60 90
Laboratories for 180
Food Quality
Standards for
export
Establishment of Visayas-wide Curriculum 15 15 15 45
Visayas Institute development;
for Good identification of pool
Governance and experts and resource
Reform persons, etc.
Development of Visayas-wide 100 75 75
Rest Areas, Pit 250
Stops, signages,
and other
Amenities - SRNH

Continuing Visayas-wide 20 25 30
Training Program 75
for Tourism Front
Liners
Establishment of Visayas-wide 50 50 50
Tourism 150
Information
Centers in
strategic LGUs
Development of Visayas-wide Enhancement of 100 50 50 200
One Visayas curriculum to
Culture increase appreciation
on Visayan history,
culture; promotion of
ONE Visayas brand;
Establishment of
Visayas Cultural
Center
Human Visayas-wide Review of curriculum 5 5 5 15
Resources and sharing of
Matching with expertise, particularly
Industry of SUCs in the
Requirements Visayas
Upgrading of Visayas-wide Acquisition of -
government specialized
medical centers equipment;
All 3rd level into construction of
world class health building for additional
facility and 2nd beds and service
level into tertiary areas; capacity
hospitals building for medical
personnel
67
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Total Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million)
Cost (Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
a. Western Iloilo City Modernization and 50 50 100
Visayas Medical upgrading of WVMC
Center (WVMC) into regional hospital,
Modernization Acquisition of
Project specialized
equipment;
construction of
building for additional
beds and service
areas; capacity
building for medical
personnel
Transfer of WVMC
facilities from
Mandurriao to Sta.
Barbara
b. CLMMH Bacolod City Acquisition of 20 20
Regional Hospital specialized 40
upgrading of equipment; ; capacity
facilities building for medical
personnel
c. Eastern Tacloban City, Region 8 Construction of a 2,000
Visayas Regional new 6-storey hospital 2,000
Medical Center and ancillary building
(EVRMC) in a relocated site
Modernization with a total floor area
Project of 30,000 sq.m. with
420-bed service
service wards and
180-bed private
rooms
d. Cortes, Bohol, Region 7 Transfer and
Modernization of upgrading of hospital
Gov. C. Gallares facilities
Memorial Hospital

Capacity building Visayas-wide Identification of 5 5 5

on interregional capacity building 15
planning, needs of decision
coordination, and makers and regional/
monitoring local planners along
interregional
planning,
coordination, and
monitoring;
upgrading of
teleconferencing
facilities; capacity
building orthophoto
mapping,
development of
Visayas database
Capacity building Visayas-wide Identification of 5 5 5 Establishment
on interregional capacity building 15 of Urban
planning, needs of decision Infrastructure
coordination, and makers and regional/ and
monitoring local planners along Development
interregional Study Center
planning,
coordination, and
monitoring;
upgrading of
teleconferencing
facilities; capacity
building orthophoto
mapping,
development of
Visayas database

68
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Total Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million)
Cost (Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Establishment of Cebu City, Cebu, Region 7 Formation of an 220
Metro Cebu agency for research 220
Investment and analysis to
Promoting understand investors'
Agency global strategies and
development of
promotion strategies
Establishment of Cebu City, Cebu, Region 7 Formation of a 150
Metro Cebu program that will 150
Urban provide superior
Development and environment and
Greening energy efficient
Program urban space
Development/ Visayas-wide
Construction of
Small Reservoir
and High Dam
Irrigation Projects
a. Malinao Dam Pilar, Bohol, Region 7 Improvement of 653
Improvement Malinao Dam 653
Project
b. Mabinay- Mabini, Bohol, Region 7 450
Cayacay Small 450
Reservoir
Irrigation Project
c. Calubihan Tubigon, Bohol, Region 7 400
SRIP 400
d. Bonot-bonot Buenavista, Bohol, Region 7 400
SRIP 400
e. Hibale SRIP Danao, Bohol, Region 7 350
350
f. Lilo-an SRIP Inabanga, Bohol, Region 7 400
400
g. Benliw SRIP Ubay, Bohol, Region 7 400
400
h. Gabayan Candijay, Bohol, Region 7 450
SRIP 450
i. Malogo Mulit- Negros Occidental, Region 6 20,000 10,000
Purpose Irrigation 30,000
Project
j. Imbang Mulit- Negros Occidental, Region 6 10,000
Purpose Irrigation 10,000
Project
k. Panay River Capiz, Region 6 15,000 15,000
Basin Integrated 30,000
Dev't. Project
l. Aklan RIS Aklan, Region 6 5,000
Project 5,000
m. Jalaur River Iloilo, Region 6 15,220
Multi-Purpose 15,220
Project Stage 2
n. Asue RBADP Iloilo, Region 6 1,000
1,000
o. Hilabangan Negros Occidental, Region 6 10,000 10,000
River Multi- 20,000
Purpose Irrigation
Project
p. Binalbagan Negros Occidental, Region 6 5,000
RIP 5,000
q. Cabano River Guimaras, Region 6 500 500
Multi-Purpose 1,000
Project
r. Hibulangan Leyte 1,200
Small Reservoir 1,200
Irrigation Project
s. Sta. Rita and Samar 1,000
Calbiga Irrigation 1,000
Project

69
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
t. Basey Irrigation Samar 1,000
Project 1,000
u. Pinipisakan, Samar 1,200
Bulao and Hagbay 1,200
Irrigation Project
v. Bugko, Northern Samar 1,400
Bantayen and 1,400
Catarman-Bobon
Irigation Project
w. Gandara Samar 6,000
Irrigation Project 6,000
x. Small Irrigation Region 8 1,000
Projects 1,000
y. Restoration/ Region 8 1,500
Rehabilitation of 1,500
Existing Irrigation
Project
Sub Total 108,698.61 43,965.00 5,640.00 158,303.61
Percent 69% 28% 4%
2. CONNECTIVITY
Core
Construction/Widening/Improvement of Roads and Bridges Leading to Airports and Seaports

Construction of Iloilo Province, 4-lane road to be 1,083

Highway linking lloilo Region 6 constructed in three 1,083
Airport to Dumangas sections
Port
Widening of roads/ Inter-regional, Upgrading of all 4-lane into
bridges along the Regions 6 and 7 6 to 8 lane roads after 10
Strong Republic years. Widening of some
Nautical Highway,
Western Nautical sections into 4-lane are on-
from Caticlan Port going.
(Region6) to Caticlan Port links RORO
Dumaguete Port vessels going to/from the
(Region7) Port of Batangas in
Batangas City (Region 4-
A), Port of Dangay in
a. Widening of Aklan, Region 6 Roxas, Mindoro Oriental 2,800 5,600 10,000
Aklan Nat’l. Road (Region 4-B), Port of San 15,600
Section including Fernando in Sibuyan
bridges into four
(Region 4-B), and Port of
lanes: Caticlan Port,
Malay-Nabas-Ibajay- Odiongan in Romblon
Tangalan-Makato- (Region 4-B). Dumangas
Numancia-Kalibo- Port links to BREDCO Port
Banga-Balete- in Negros Occ.
Altavas-Aklan/Capiz
Boundary (118km)

b. Widening of Capiz Capiz, Region 6 1,000 2,000 4,000 7,000

Nat’l. Road Section
including bridges into
four lanes: Aklan/
Capiz Boundary-
Sapi-an-Mambusao-
Sigma-Dao-Cuartero
-Dumarao-Capiz/
Iloilo Boundary
(42km)

70
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
c. Widening of Iloilo Nat’l. Road Iloilo, 1,700 3,500 7,000 12,200
Section including bridges into four Region 6
lanes: Capiz/Iloilo Boundary-
Passi-Dueñas-Dingle-Pototan-
Btac. Nuevo-Dumangas Port,
Dumangas (71 km)
d. Widening of Negros Occ. Nat’l. Negros 2,760 5,500 11,000 19,260
Road Section including bridges Occidental,
into four lanes: BREDCO Port- Region 6
Bago City-Pulupandan-Valladolid-
San Enrique-Pontevedra-
Hinigaran-Binalbagan-
Himamaylan City-Kabankalan/
Mabinay Boundary (115km)
e. Widening of Negros Oriental Negros 2,400 5,000 10,000 17,400
Nat’l. Road Section including Oriental,
bridges into four lanes: Region 7
Kabankakan/Mabinay Boundary-
Bais City-Tanjay City- Amlan-San
Jose-Sibulan-Dumaguete Port
(100km)
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Aklan, Buruanga Port will link 390 390
including bridges into four lanes Region 6 to the Ports of
from Caticlan Port to Buruanga Bulalacao and Dangay
Port (13km) in Mindoro Oriental and
Port of San Jose in
Mindoro Occidental (all
Region 4B)

Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Capiz-

including bridges into four lanes Iloilo,
from from Culasi Port, Roxas City Region 6
to Concepcion Port, Iloilo
a. Widening of Capiz Nat’l. Road Capiz, The Port of Culasi in 960 2,000 4,000 6,960
Section including bridges into four Region 6 Roxas City, Capiz
lanes: Aklan/Capiz Boundary- provides shipping links
Sapi-an-Ivisan-Culasi Port, Roxas to/from Balud Port in
City (40km) Masbate (Region 4B),
Port of San Fernando in
Sibuyan (Region 4B),
Port of Odiongan in
Romblon (Region 4B),
Port of Batangas
(Region 4A), and North
Harbor in Manila (NCR).
Widening of some
sections into 4-lane are
on-going already
b. Widening of Capiz Nat’l. Road Capiz, 1,300 2,600 5,500 9,400
Section including bridges into four Region 6
lanes: Culasi Port, Roxas City-
Panay-Pontevedra, Pres. Roxas-
Pilar/Balasan Boundary (54km)

c. Widening of Iloilo Nat’l. Road Iloilo, Port of Concepcion will 1,200 2,500 5,000 8,700
Section from Pilar/Balasan Region 6 link to Sta. Fe Port,
Boundary-Batad-San Dionisio- Bantayan Island in
Sara-Concepcion Port (50km) Cebu (Region7) and
Cadiz City in Negros
Occ. Widening of some
sections into 4-lane are
on-going already
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Iloilo, Dumangas Port is part 900 900 900 2,700
including bridges into four lanes Region 6 of the SRNH, Western
from Concepcion Port-Ajuy- Nautical
Barotac Viejo-Banate-Anilao-
Baraotac Nuevo-Dumangas Port
(90km)

71
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Aklan- San Jose de Buenavista 1,650 1,650 1,650 4,950
including bridges into four lanes Antique, Port links to Cuyo Port,
from Buruanga Port-Libertad- Region VI Palawan (Region 4B)
Pandan-Sebaste-Culasi-Tibiao-
Barbaza-Lauaan-Bugasong-
Patnongon-Belison-San Jose de
Buenavista Port (165 km)
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Antique- Dumangas Port is part 900 900 1,110 2,910
including bridges into four lanes Iloilo of the SRNH, Western
from San Jose de Buenavista Region VI Nautical
Port-Hamtic-Tobias Fornier-Anini-
y-San Joaquin-Miag-ao-Guimbal-
Tigbauan-Oton-Iloilo City-
Dumangas Port (97 km)
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Negros San Carlos Port links to 1,750 3,500 7,000 12,250
including bridges into four lanes Occidental, Toledo Port in Cebu
from BREDCO Port/Banago Port, Region 6 (Region7)
Bacolod City-Murcia-DS
Benedicto-Port of San Carlos,
San Carlos City (73km)
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Negros Cadiz Port links to Sta. 900 900 1,800
including bridges into four lanes Occidental, Fe Port in Bantayan,
from BREDCO Port/Banago Port- Region 6 Cebu (Region7)
Talisay City-Silay City-EB
Magalona-Victorias City-Manapla-
Cadiz Port (60km)
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Negros Danao Port links to 600 600 1,200
including bridges into four lanes Occidental, Tabuelan Port in Cebu
from Cadiz Port-Sagay City- Region 6 (Region 7)
Danao Port in Escalante City
(40km)
Widening of Nat’l. Road Section Negros San Carlos Port links to 990 990
including bridges into four lanes Occidental, Toledo Port in Cebu
from Danao Port-Toboso- Region 6 (Region 7)
Calatrava-San Carlos Port (33km)
Development/Expansion/Construction of Ports
Development of the Port of Buruanga, To protect Boracay 400 400
Buruanga as an alternate to the Aklan, Island, LGU-Malay did
Port of Caticlan (construction of Region 6 not endorse the
pier, RORO ramp, RORO proposed port zone
platform, passenger terminal delineation for the
building, back-up area, etc.) Caticlan Port; Presently,
the port is just a fish
landing area. The port
will link to Mindoro
Oriental (Region 4B).
Development of Caticlan Port to Malay, Boracay Island is 300 100 100 500
accommodate berthing of Aklan, presently an
International Cruise Ships Region 6 international cruise ship
destination.
Expansion/Improvement of Port New The port links to 250 250
of Dumaguit Washingto Odiongan Port,
n, Aklan, Romblon (Region4B)
Region 6 and North Harbor,
Manila (NCR).
Expansion/Improvement of Port Batan, The revival of the port 250 250
of Batan Aklan, will link it to Manila
Region 6 (NCR).
Expansion/Improvement of the San Jose The Port will link to 250 -
Port of San Jose de Cuyo Port, Palawan
Buenavista (Region 4B)
, Antique,
Region 6
Expansion/Improvement of the Libertad, The port links to San 350 350
Port of Libertad (construction of Antique, Jose, Mindoro Occ.
pier, RORO ramp, RORO Region 6 (Region 4B) via Caluya
platform, passenger terminal and Semirara Islands.
building, back-up area, etc.)

72
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Expansion/Improvement of the Caluya, The port links to San 300 300
Port of Caluya (extension of Antique, Jose, Mindoro Occ.
pier, construction of RORO Region 6 (Region 4B) via
ramp, RORO platform, Semirara Islands.
passenger terminal building,
back-up area, etc.)
Expansion/Improvement of Roxas City, The port links to the 350
Port of Culasi Port Capiz, Region Masbate (Region 4A), 350
6 Sibuyan (Region 4A),
Romblon (Region 4A),
Batangas (Region 4A),
and Manila (NCR).
Expansion/Improvement of Dumangas, On-going PFS – priority 2,000
Dumangas Port as the new Iloilo, Region project of SP Drilon. 2,000
Commercial Container Port 6 Project will be done by
Complex of Region VI phases
Expansion/Improvement of Concepcion, The port links
Port of Concepcion (extension Iloilo, Region Concepcion to/from 400 400
of pier, construction of RORO 6 Cadiz, Negros
ramp, RORO platform, Occidental and
passenger terminal building, Bantayan, Cebu
back-up area, etc.) (Region 7).
Expansion/Improvement of the Estancia, The port links to Manila 300 500
Port of Estancia Iloilo, Region (NCR) 800
6
Widening of R.C. Wharf and Port of Culasi, These ports can be 23
Relocation of Ro-Ro Ramp Roxas City, considered as base
Capiz ports for rescue
operations
Improvement of Iloilo River Iloilo City, The port links to 300 300
Wharf in Muelle Loney Region 6 Bacolod City and 600
Palawan (Region 4B)
Improvement of Iloilo Domestic Iloilo City, The port links to Manila 300 300
Port in Fort San Pedro Region 6 (NCR), Cebu 600
(Region7), and
Zamboanga (Region9),
and CDO (Region 10)
Expansion/Improvement of Bacolod City, The port will links to 750
Port of Banago (construction Region 6 Dumangas, Iloilo and 750
of RORO ramps, RORO Manila (NCR).
platforms, back-up area,
passenger terminal building,
etc.)
Expansion/Improvement of Cadiz City, The port links Cadiz 350
Cadiz City Port, Neg. Occ. Region 6 City to/from Bantayan 350
(construction of RORO ramps, Island, Cebu (Region7)
RORO platforms, back-up
area, passenger terminal
building, etc.)
Expansion/Improvement of Escalante The port links to 350
Port of Danao, Escalante City, City, Region 6 Tabuelan, Cebu 350
Neg. Occ.(construction of (Region7)
RORO ramps, RORO
platforms, back-up area,
passenger terminal building,
dredging, etc.)
Expansion/Improvement of the San Carlos San Carlos Port linking 350
Port of San Carlos City City, Region 6 to Toledo Port, Cebu 350
(Region7)
Development/Upgrading of Airports
Expansion/Improvement of Kalibo, Aklan, On-going project 5,000 10,000
Kalibo International Airport Region 6 10,000

Expansion/Improvement of Cabatuan, For implementation 4,000 15,000 31,000

Iloilo International Airport Iloilo, Region under DOTC-CAAP’s 50,000
(expansion of passenger 6 PPP
terminal and cargo buildings,
expansion of aircraft parking
stand, additional runway
construction, etc.)
73
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Expansion/Improvement of Silay, Negros For implementation 4,000 10,000 26,000
Bacolod-Silay International Occ., Region under DOTC-CAAP’s 40,000
Airport (extension of runway, 6 PPP
expansion of passenger
terminal and cargo buildings,
expansion of aircraft parking
stand, additional runway
construction, etc.)
Expansion/Improvement of Roxas City, On-going project 350 15,000
Roxas Airport Capiz, Region 15,000
6
Construction of Inter-Island Bridges
Panay-Guimaras-Negros Regionwide, Construction of bridge 100,000
Occidental Bridge (20.6 kms) Region 6 connecting the islands 100,000
of Panay, Guimaras
and Negros
Upgrading of Roads Leading to Tourist Areas
Concreting of Farm-to-Market- Regionwide, For funding thru the 5,000 7,500 12,000
Roads and roads leading to Region 6 BUB and the DOT- 19,500
tourism destinations DPWH joint program
Friendship Bridge- Bohol and Bohol & Cebu, Construction of a bridge 47,500
Cebu Island Region 7 connecting the islands 47,500
of Bohol and Cebu
Negros Oriental (Sibulan or Negros Construction of a 20,000
Amlan area) to Cebu Island Oriental & Bridge connecting 20,000
(Santander, Cebu) Bridge Cebu, Region Negros Oriental
Project 7 (Sibulan or Amlan area)
to Cebu Island
(Santander, Cebu)
Cebu South Road Cebu City, Construction of 2,128
Improvement Project (CSCRP) Cebu, Region structures leading to 2,128
and vicinities 7 SRP that will improve
its accessibility
Improvement of junction Mandaue City, Construction of two- 895
Marcelo Fernan Bridge and Cebu, Region lane Left Turning 895
Plaridel St. (Mandaue City) 7 Flyover from U.N.
Avenue and Fernan
Bridge to Plaridel Rd.
(to address critical
bottleneck)
Metro Dumaguete Diversion Bacong via Construction of a 550
Road (new road alignment Dumaguete to diversion road outside 550
connecting the Municipality of Sibulan, of the CBD congested
Bacong-Dumaguete City and Negros area
Municipality of Sibulan) Oriental,
Region 7
Dumaguete North Road Manjayod-La Pavement 1,538
Improvement Project (part of Libertad and improvement, provision 1,538
the SRNH, Western Nautical La Libertad – of drainage & erosion
from Dumaguete Port to San Vallehermoso control structures along
Carlos Port) Section), the DNR
Negros
Oriental,
Region 7

Central Spine RORO Project Cebu and Construction/ 7,500 7,500

Bohol, Region Improvement of the
7 Ports of Naga, Toledo,
Tubigon, and Jagna
Widening/Improvement of Toledo Port links to San
roads and bridges linking the Carlos Port in Region 6
Toledo Port to Naga Port to whike Jagna Port links
Tubigon Port to Jagna Port to Balbagon Port,
Camiguin Island and
Cagayan Port, Cagayan
de Oro in Region10 and
Nasipit Port, Agusan
del Norte in Region13
74
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
a. Improvement of Naga- Toledo City to Widening & 580
Uling-Toledo Road Naga City, improvement of 580
Cebu, Region pavement and the
7 provision of drainage
and erosion control
structure (will support
the Central Spine
RORO Network Project)
b. Tubigon- Carmen-S. Tubigon via Improvement of the 120
Bullones – Jagna Road Project Carmen to Tubigon- Carmen-S. 120
Jagna Port, Bullones – Jagna Road
Bohol, Region
7
Imprv't of Ubay Port Bohol, Region Ubay Port links to 55
7 Maasin Port, S. Leyte 55
(Region 8)
Tabuelan Port Project Tabuelan, Facility Improvement
Cebu, Region and Management of 150 150
7 Tabuelan Port
Bogo Port Project Bogo, Cebu, Construction of new
Region 7 port 80 80
Tagbilaran Port Project Tagbilaran, Improvement of
Bohol, Region Seaport Facilities 750 750
7
Tubigon Port Project Tubigon, Improvement of
Bohol, Region Seaport Facilities 250 250
7
Tuburan Port Revival Project Tuburan, Revival of Tuburan Port
Cebu, Region 180 180
7
Guihulngan Port Guihunlgan, Reconstruction of the
Reconstruction Project Negros Guihulngan Port 30 30
Oriental,
Region 7
Ubay Seaport Project Ubay, Bohol, Improvement of Ubay
Region 7 Seaport and its 15 15
Facilities
Larena Seaport Project Larena, Improvement of Larena
Siquijor, Seaport and its 15 15
Region 7 Facilities
Siquijor Airport Improvement Siquijor, Improvement of Siquijor 65 65
Project Region 7 Airport
Road Leading to the Cebu Cebu, Region Construction of new 230 230
International Container Port 7 road linking the main
highway to the
International container
port
Naga City (Cebu) – Danao Cebu, Region Opening/construction of 5,625
City Inner Circumferential 7 a six lane road 5,625
Road
Urban AGT Type Rail System Metro Cebu, Construction of a 35,000
Region 7 medium-capacity AGT- 35,000
type urban rail system
suitable for a ridership
of 5,000 – 15, 000
passengers/hour/
direction in the central
areas of Metro Cebu
Inter-City Rail System Cebu, Region Consturction of an inter- 27,000
7 city rail system, such as 27,000
MRT, in Metro Cebu
with a metropolitan land
use plan to promote
urban growth along the
coastline
Dual Mode Mactan Bridge with Cebu. Region Construction of a dual 12,000
AGT and Mandaue Scenic 7 mode bridge with AGT 12,000
Coastal Road in Lapu Lapu City via
Mandaue Scenic
75 Coastal
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Synchronized Signalization Cebu, Region Replacement of 69 1,500
System in Urban Areas 7 signals by MCDP and 1,500
development of
synchronized system
with new ones
Third Cebu Mactan Bridge Cebu, Region Construction of bridge 16,500
including Approach Causeway 7 from Cebu City C 16,500
of Cordova side Padillo to Cordova (part
of Green Corridor Plan)
Metro Cebu Interchange Cebu, Region To be selected based 2,500
Improvement (Phase 2) 7 on traffic congestion 2,500
Roads Leading to Major Regionwide, 3,000
Tourism Destination Areas Region 7 3,000
Provision of Road Cordova & Construction of a new 4,500
Infrastructure to support the Lapu-lapu road connecting the 4,500
Third Cebu-Mactan Bridge City, Cebu, bridge approach
Region 7 (Mactan side) to the
Mactan-Cebu
International Airport
(nearest route)
Redevelopment of the Existing Cebu City, Cebu Baseport 2,300
Cebu Base Port Cebu, Region 2,300
7
Improvement of Guihulngan- Regions 6 and Improvement/widening 2,500
Isabela-Binalbagan- 7 and the provision of 2,500
Pulupandan Road Section drainage and slope
(Road linking Pulupandan Port protection structures
to Guihulngan Port)
Siquijor Circumferential Road Siquijor, Rehabilitation of 400
Project Region 7 Siquijor Cirumferential 400
Road
Improvement of Cebu North Cebu City via Widening,pavement 1,397
Hagnaya Wharf Road (Cebu Bogo City-San improvement and 1,397
City- San Remegio Road Remegio improvement of its
Section) Road, Cebu, geometric alignment,
Region 7 incl. The provision of
drainage and erosion
control structures.
Bohol (Ubay)-Leyte (Maasin) Region 7 and Construction of a new 130,000
Bridge 8 bridge to connect Bohol 130,000
and Leyte province
Inner Metro Cebu Cebu , Region Construction of a new 1,000
Circumferential Road 7 cicumferential road 1,000
from Pardo (Cebu
South Road) – Banawa
– A.S. Fortuna St.
Metro Cebu Outer Cebu, Region Construction of a new 3,200
Circumferential Road 7 outer circumferential 3,200
road from Pardo to
Cebu North Coastal
Road via Talamban
Second Cebu South Coastal Cebu, Region Construction of a 2,500
Road 7 coastal froad from Veco 2,500
Pardo (the proposed
Outer metro Cebu
Circumferential Road) –
Talisay – Minglanilla –
Naga – San Fernando –
Carcar
Cebu North Coastal Road Cebu, Region Construction of a 575
7 coastal road: 575
(Phase -1 ) Cansaga
Bay- Liloan (Phase -
2 ) Liloan- Compostela
– Danao
Mega Cebu Coastal Cebu, Region Construction of an 6,500
Expressway 7 expressway from 6,500
Danao to Carcar

76

Program/Project
Toledo International
Container Port
South Cebu International
Cruise Ship Terminal
Construction of MCIA
Second Runway
New Bohol Airport
Construction and
Sustainable Environment
Protection Projects
Mactan Cebu
International Airport
Terminal 2
New Negros Oriental
Airport Project
Widening and Imprv't. of
Cebu Western Road Link
Mass Transport System
Repair of typhoon-
damaged roads and
bridges
Road projects leading to
tourism destinations and
production areas
RP-Japan Maharlika
Highway Upgrading
Project (linking Allen Port
to Matnog Port in Region5
and Liloan Port to Lipata
Port in Region13 )
Widening of Roads and
Bridges linking the Ports
of Bato, Hindang, Ormoc,
Isabel, and Palompon up
to Municipality of
Calubian
Widening/Improvement of
Northern Leyte Road
Network from Calubian to
Babatngon, Leyte
Samar Pacific Coastal
Road Project
Eastern Visayas Metro
Rail Transport Program
77
Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Toledo, Cebu, Construction of an 8,500
Region 7 International Container 8,500
Port
Cebu, Region 7 Construction of an 4,500
International Cruise 4,500
Ship Terminal
Metro Cebu, Region Construction of parallel 1,200
7 runway 1,200
Panglao, Bohol, Construction of new 7,440
Region 7 Bohol Aiport with 7,440
Sustainable
Environment Protection
Lapu-lapu City, Construction of a new 17,500
Cebu, Region 7 international airport 17,500
terminal
Negros Oriental, Construction of a new 12,500
Region 7 Airport in Negros 12,500
Oriental
Cebu, Region 7 Wideningof existing 18,750
road to 6 lanes 18,750
Regionwide, Region Establishment of land, 22,245
8 sea, air transport 22,245
facilities network
Regionwide, Region Reconstruction of 1,060
8 typhoon-damaged 1,060
roads and bridges
Regionwide, Region Construction of roads to 1,400
8 tourism areas and 1,400
market links
First Section: Allen, Widening of the RP- 25,000
N. Samar- Japan Maharlika 25,000
Catbalogan City- Highway from two (2)
Tacloban- Ormoc lanes to six (6) lanes
City- San Ricardo, from Allen, N. Samar to
S. Leyte, Region 8; San Ricardo, So. Leyte
Second Section: and Tacloban - Ormoc
Sogod, Leyte - City routes to include
Padre Burgos and construction of drainage
Maasin, S. Leyte - systems and cross
Bato, Leyte, Region roads
8
Leyte, Region 8 Widening of roads and 5,500
bridges covering an 5,500
approximate 110km
Leyte, Region 8 Construction/ 4,500
improvement/widening 4,500
of the Northern Leyte
road network (approx.
90kms)
Taft, Oras,E. Completion of the N. 1,000
Samar, Gamay, Samar to E. Samar 1,000
Palapag, N. Samar, Circumferential Road
Region 8 Link
Leyte and Samar Construction of the 10,000
islands major island 10,000
circumferential mass
railway transport
systems
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Growth Centers Road Metro Tacloban, Improvement/upgrading 42,000
Development Program Brgy. Villa of roads establishing 42,000
Consuelo, Jaro, connectivity among
Leyte - Ormoc City, growth centers
Calbayog,
Borongan, Maasin,
Catarman, Guiuan,
Carigara, Naval,
Sogod, Catarman,
Borongan, Oras,
Babatngon
Construction of Jantabas Babatngon, Leyte Construction of 50,000
Channel Project and Leyte islands Babatngon-Sta. Rita 50,000
link Bridge to serve as
alternate Samar and
Leyte islands link
Ports Modernization Regionwide, Region Modernization of 1,100 5,000 5,000
Program 8 existing ports (2 per 11,100
IAD cluster) and
upgrading of private
ports to include port
facilities and upgrading
of services
Establishment of Babatngon, Leyte Establishment of an 1,400,450
International Port and and Javier, Leyte international port as an 1,400,450
Municipal Seaport alternate to Tacloban
port. A municipal port is
also proposed for
Javier, Leyte
Transshipment Hub Establishment of six 12,000 12,000
Development Projects strategic transshipment
hubs fully equipped with
modern facilities and
capable of
containerized port
services in Eastern
Visayas Central Hub –
Batbangon Leyte
Western Hub -
Catbalogan, Samar
Northern Hub- Allen, N.
Samar Filter Hub –
Naval, Biliran Southern
Hub – Sogod, Southern
Leyte-Basey Eastern
Hub - Oras, Eastern
Samar

Redevelopment of Tacloban City/Palo, Redevelopment of the 3,300 3,300

Tacloban City Airport/ Leyte, Region 8 existing airport
Development of
International Airport
Upgrading of Other Catarman, Region 8 3,300 3,300
Airports Calbayog City,
Region 8
Catbalogan City,
Region 8 Hilongos,
Region 8 Maasin
City, Region 8
Borongan City,
Region 8 Ormoc
City, Region 8
Guiuan, Region 8
Provision of Adequate and Stable Power Supply
Power Transmission Visayas-wide
Projects

78
 Key Programs and Projects

Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation

(PhP Million) Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Power Generation Visayas-wide See Annex 3 (source:
Projects DOE Visayas Power
Dev't. Plan)

Provision of Telecommunications Support

Expansion and Visayas-wide; See Annex 4 (source:
Development of funded and Investment Portfolio of
Telecommunications implemented by Globe, Smart, and
Network/Integrated IT Private Companies PLDT)
Program for the Visayas

a. Sharing of Manpower Upgrading of Long

Resources (Cross- Term Evolution (4G-
regional job placement) LTE) bandwidth
b. Bandwidth Upgrading capacities in the three
Project regions
c. Uprating of Hub Ex. PLDT's proposed
Capacity in Major Urban Cebu-Bohol-Misamis
Areas Oriental fiber optic
d. Use of satellite cable and PLDT's
technology proposed fiber optic
e. Installation of lacking expansion for Panay,
Fiber Optic Highway Negros Occidental and
Connecting Major Islands Cebu
Sub Total 1,765,411.0 428,295.0 174,760.00 2,368,466.
0 0 00
Percent 75% 18% 7%
2.2 Complementary
Road Development
Upgrading/Concreting of Region-wide, Projects must be listed 10,000 15,000 20,000
Various Access Roads Region 6 in the DPWH-DOT 20,000
Leading to Tourism Sites Convergence Program
and duly endorsed by
the RDC VI
Panay East-West Link Panay Island, 33.11 km, 2-lane with 3,311 3,311
Road Region 6 tunneling including
RROW acquisition
Iloilo City to Caticlan Panay Island, Construction of 6 lane- 5,000 5,000 5,000 15,000
Express Road Region 6 expressway
Iloilo Airport to Carles Iloilo Province, Wideing of 133.22 km 3,330 3,330
Port Highway Region 6 into four lanes
Sibalom, Antique to Panay Island, 21.31 km, 2-lane with
Tubungan, Iloilo Road Region 6 tunneling including 2,131 2,131
RROW acquisition
Kalibo By-Pass Road Aklan Province, Banga-Malinao-Lezo-
Region 6 Makato improvement 228 228
of the11.4 km road
Boracay-Caticlan Bridge Malay, Aklan, 1.9 km toll bridge that 4,600
Region 6 will connect the world
famous beach
community to the
mainland by the San
Miguel Corp.
Improvement of Cebu Naga City-Carcar Widening, removal of
South Road (Naga-Carcar City, Cebu, Region obstruction/ 625 625
City Section) 7 encroachment within
the road right of way
and improvement /
concreting of N.
Bacalso Ave.
Bohol Circumferential Bohol, Region 7 Construction of 1,454 1,454
Road Phase III Circumferential Road in
* Guindulman-Anda- Bohol
Candijay Circumferential
Road
* Candijay-Mabini-Ubay
79 Circumferential Road
* Baclayon By-pass Road
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
(PhP Million) Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Rural roads (FMR) Regionwide, Region Construction/
Development Project as 7 improvement of roads 3,500 3,500
identified in the PRDP leading to agri-
production areas
Rehabilitation/Restoration Negros Oriental, Repair/Rehabilitation
of damaged roads Region 7 and Restoration of 2,500 2,500
damaged Roads by the
February 2012
earthquake
Bogo-Curva Medllin- Bogo-Medellin- Improvement of Bogo-
Daanbantayan-Maya Daanbantayan, Curva Medllin- 300 300
Road Project, Medellin- Cebu, Region 7 Daanbantayan-Maya
Daanbantayan Road, Medellin-
Daanbantayan
Jct. (LIR) Buenavista- Buenavista and Improvement/
Carmen-Danao-Getafe Getafe Section, Concreting of Jct. (LIR) 511 511
Road Project Bohol, Region 7 Buenavista-
Carmen_danao-Getafe
Road
Santander-Barili-Toledo Malabuyoc, Cebu, Improvement of
Road Project, Malabuyoc Region 7 Santander-Barili-Toledo 315 315
Section Road, Malabuyoc
Section
Santander-Barili-Toledo Alegria, Cebu, Improvement of
Road Project, Alegria Region 7 Santander-Barili-Toledo 450 450
Section Road, Alegria Section
Santander-Barili-Toledo Dumanjug, Cebu, Improvement of
Road Project, Dumanjug Region 7 Santander-Barili-Toledo 330 330
Section Road, Dumanjug
Section
Cebu South Road Argao, Cebu, Rehabilitation of Cebu
Rehabilitation Project, Region 7 South Road, Argao 335 335
Argao Section Section
Cebu South Road Oslob, Cebu, Rehabilitation of Cebu
Rehabilitation Project, Region 7 South Road, Oslob 370 370
Oslob Section Section
Alternate highway from Dumaguete and Construction of a by-
Dumaguete to Bais City Bais City, Region 7 pass road with 1,750 1,750
traversing the mountain Drainage and erosion
control structures
Cebu Trans-axial Road Cebu, Region 7 Construction of road
Project from Santander to Daan 80,000 80,000
Bantayan via the
Central Part of Cebu
Island
Improvement of BRT Cebu City, Region 7 Improvement of road
Routes along the BRT routs 1,000 1,000
from Bulacao (Cebu
City) along the N.
Bacalso Avenue-
Osmena Boulevard-N.
Escario St. to Ayala
Center to Banilad-
Talamban Road
Provision of 340 l.m. Minglanilla, Cebu, Construction of 340 l.m.
Flyover Region 7 Flyover 600 600
Upgrading/Improvement Regionwide, Region Completion of the
of the Remaining Arterial 8 arterial road links 600 600
Roads
E. Samar Roads Buray-Hernani 222.23 km E. Samar 1 1
Development Program Road (16.36) and Samar road
Hernani-Taft-Sulat rehabilitation from 2,500 2,500
road (63.78 km) asphalt to concrete
San Julian- road to include 2,450 2,450
Balangkayan Road construction of drainage
(64.58 km) system and cross
Llorente-Guian drains 2,200 2,200
Road (77.51 km)
80
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
(PhP Million) Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Leyte Roads Tabango-Villaba- Concreting of 68.7 km
Development Program San Isidro-Calubian roads along the west 1,870 1,870
-Leyte, Palo, Leyte coast of Leyte. Also
includes the
construction of West-by
-Pass road and bridge
approach of Bernard
Reed Bridge II
Palo-Mayorga, Construction of climate
Leyte adaptive road 223 223
Basey-Maydolong This involves the
construction/ concrete 1,135,000 1,135,000
paving of climate
change adaptive roads.
Two alternate roads will
be constructed in the
province of Leyte.
Circumferential Road Lilo-an- San Construction of the Lilo-
Project Ricardo an - San Ricardo 100,000 100,000
circumferential road to
complete the Southern
Leyte coastal road
program.
Road Opening/Concreting Biliran Road opening/
Program concreting/ widening of 45,000 45,000
diversion road to 4
lanes. This will also
include payment of
RROW.
Upgrading/Improvement Regionwide, Region Completion of national
of Remaining National 8 secondary road links 4,600 4,600
Secondary Roads
Samar Roads Matuguinao-San Construction of roads *
Development Program Jose de Buan, and towards conflict areas
Lokilokon- San Jose and connecting the
De Buan, Samar; three provinces of
Las Navas-Silvino Samar Island
Lobos, N. Samar-
Matuguinao-
Gandara, Samar;
Las Navas, N.
Samar-Jipapad-
Maslog-Oras, E.
Samar; Paranas-
San Jose de Buan-
Maslog-Oras; Brgy.
Cagpanit-an-
Mondragon-Silvino
Lobos
Port Development

Expansion/Improvement Sibunag, Guimaras, The port links to 250

of Port of Sibunag Region 6 Pulupandan, Negros 250
(construction of Occ.
passenger terminal
building, extension of pier,
back-up area, etc.)
Expansion/Improvement Guimbal, Iloilo, The port will links to 350
of Port of Guimbal Region 6 Himamaylan City, 350
(extension of pier, Negros Occ.
construction of RORO
ramp, RORO platform,
passenger terminal
building, back-up area,
etc.)
Expansion/Improvement of Himamaylan City, The port will links to 350
Port of Himamaylan City Region 6 Guimbal, Iloilo. 350
(extension of pier,
construction of RORO ramp,
RORO platform, passenger
81 terminal building, back-up
area, etc.)
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Installation of X-ray Visayas-wide Acquisition and 350 350
machines and CCTV in all installation of x-ray
RORO Ports machines in all RORO
ports in the Visayas
Installation of Visayas-wide PPA, in coordination 200 200
Weighbridges in all with DPWH and LTO,
RORO Ports needs to regulate the
exit of rolling cargoes
from the port gates.
As per requirement of
the Anti-Overloading
Law, all trucks should
not exceed the load
limit of 13.5 tons/axle.
Upgrade existing fish Region 6 50 fish landing ports to 1,000 2,000 2,000 5,000
landing to regular ports be gradually developed
with cold storage facilities
(refer to WV Area
Development Plan)
Upgrading of Port Cebu Baseport, CAPEX and RM 3,015 3,015
Facilities: (South Region 7 Channel Dredging
Channel)
Pier 4 Project Cebu Baseport, Construction of Pier 4 500 500
Region 7
Tambobo Bay Port Siaton, Negros Improvement of the 30 30
Project Oriental, Region 7 Tambobo Bay Port and
its Facilities
Negros Oriental Alternate Negros Oriental, Construction of a new 90 90
Seaport Region 7 port
Bogo Port Passenger Bogo, Cebu, Region Construction of a 6 6
Terminal 7 Passenger Terminal
Siquijor Port Passenger Siquijor, Region 7 Construction and 25 25
Terminal Building and Improvement of
Extension of Berthing Terminal Bulding and
Facilities Extension of Berthing
Facilities
Transport Terminal Regionwide, Region Upgrading and 100 100
Enhancement Projects 8 establishment of mass
transport terminals in
growth centers
Airport Development
Evelio Javier Airport San Jose, Antique, Expansion/ 400 400
Expansion and Region 6 Improvement of Evelio
Improvement Project Javier Airport
(extension of runway,
expansion of passenger
terminal, construction of
control tower,
installation of runway
lights for night landing
operations, etc.)
Kabankalan City Kabankakan City, Construction of 2 15,000 15,002
Domestic Airport Project Negros Occ., Kabankalan City
Region 6 Domestic Airport (an
LGU Project)
San Carlos City Airport San Carlos City, Construction of City of 50,000 50,000
Project Negros Occidental, San Carlos Airport
Region 6
Guimaras Airport Guimaras Island, Construction of
Region 6 Guimaras Airport 50,000 50,000
Sub Total 1,405,721 125,430 27,000 1,562,751
Percent 90% 8% 2%
3. VULNERABILITY REDUCTION
3.1 Core
Construction of Visayas-wide Establishment of 30,000 30,000 30,000 90,000
strategically-located evacuation centers that
disaster-resilient could accomodate 300-
Evacuation Centers 500 households
equipped with basic
amenities in every
province 82
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Responsibility
Program/Project Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
(Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Visayas Disaster Logistics Visayas-wide Establishment of a fully-
Network equipped strategically 24,000 24,000
located logistics hub in
each region as center
of communication and
distribution of food,
medicines and other
relief goods and
services
Environmental Visayas-wide Comprehensive
Management and management and 8,400 8,400
Pollution Control Program pollution control
projects
Flood Control Program Visayas-wide Establishment of
comprehensive infra 300,000 300,000
development relative to
flood control
Establishment of Agro- All IAD clusters of This involves: a) 10
meteorological Station EV establishment/ 10
installation of World
Meteorological
Organizations (WMO)
standards compliant
Automated Weather
Stations (AWS) with
sensors upgrading of
existing units and
installation of standard
rain gauges; b) data
collection, processing,
interpretation,
communication, and
utilization; c) conduct of
capability building
activities; d)
development of agro-
ecological cell/zone; e)
advocacy and policy;
and e) project
management,
monitoring and
evaluation
Visayas Extreme Weather Visayas -wide Installation of Automatic
Warning System Weather Station 15 15
(AWSI), Automatic Rain
Gauge (ARG), Water
Level Sensor, Landslide
Sensor in identified
areas
Coastal Mangrove Visayas-wide 100
Reforestation Program 100
Sub Total 362,525.30 30,000.00 30,000.00 422,525.3
0
Percent 86% 7% 7%
3.2 Complementary
Coral Reef Restoration Visayas-wide This involves the
restoration and setting
up of coral reef
delinetion markings of
declared coral reefs.
This also involves the
setting up of artificial
coral reefs.

83
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Program/ Responsibility
Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
Project (Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Permanent Region 8 Establishment of resettlement areas for 3,200
Housing typhoon-affected families 3,200
Program Visayas- Please include this as a continuing activity 15 15
wide of the CC Center (below)
Establishment Visayas- This involves the setting-up/ 15 15
of the Center wide institutionalization of the CC Center. As a
for Climate center, there will be resource build-up in
Change and terms of facilities and manpower and
DRM conduct of regular capability building
activities (trainings). This also includes the
continuous conduct of PDNA Training and
Establishment of database for DRM (cloud
-based) and Consortium on DRR/CCA.
A study on reclamation areas guidelines
on when is reclamation appropriate as
development option could be one of the
activity.
Natural Visayas- Complete survey of all natural resources 60 60 60
Resources wide (for mapping) as basis for the 180
Database establishment of navigational lanes and
Information generation of orthophotographic maps
System Project
Air Quality Major Establishment of air quality monitoring 30
Management Urban system . This shall involved the 30
Program Areas of construction/ installation of air quality
the Visayas monitors and the regular conduct of
monitoring. This shall also set-up the
jointly public and privately regional/
provincial/urban management monitoring
teams who will spearhead the operations
of monitoring air quality in the visayas.
(clarify whether these involved
construciton of facilities or training or
personnel to manage the program)
Water Quality Visayas- Establishment of water quality monitors 75
Management wide, major and periodic reporting in all major rivers 75
Program rivers (clarify). This shall involved the
construction/ installation of water quality
monitors and the regular conduct of
monitoring. This shall also set-up the
jointly public and privately regional/
provincial/urban management monitoring
teams who will spearhead the operations
of monitoring air quality in the visayas.
(clarify whether these involved
construciton of facilities or training or
personnel to manage the program)
Hazardous Visayas- This involves the creation of regional 150
Waste wide teams (3) who will spearhead the 150
Management mapping/control /management of
Program hazardous wasteof the regions. This shall
involved the conduct of investigations/
consultations/dialogues to ensure
sustainable responsible disposal of
hazardous waste to maintain and clean air,
water and safety environment.
Ecological Solid Visayas- Establishment/construction of Solid Waste 300
Waste wide Disposal/ Recycling Facilities. There shall 300
Management one per island solidwaste recylcing facility
Program in the entire Visayas fully equip with
sufficient personnels
Mineral Lands Visayas- This involves the creation of regional 54
Administration wide teams (3) who will spearhead the 54
Program mapping/control /management of mineral
lands, probably a sub-committee of the
RDCom Visayas. This shall involved the
conduct of investigations/consultations/
dialogues to ensure sustainable
responsible mining in the Visayas.
84
 Key Programs and Projects
Estimated Cost/Year of Implementation
Program/ Responsibility
Location Short Description (PhP Million) Total Cost
Project (Agency/LGU)
2015-2025 2026-2035 2036-2045
Geosciences Visayas- This program shall institutionalize a 31 31
Development wide Visayas geoscience development network.
Program This involves the setting up of partnership
among SUCs that will push for geoscience
development. This shall involve the
conduct of geohazard mapping of the
Visayas and push for geohazard mitigation
and adaptation strategies. This shall also
institutionalize mainstreaming of
geohazard mapping in development
planning and in educational materials
curriculums.
Sub Total 3,929.37 60.00 60.00 4,049.37
Percent 97% 1% 1%
Grand Total 3,649,015.24 628,250.00 237,960.00 4,515,225.24

85
4 Legislative Agenda
 The following set of policy recommendations will
provide the necessary legal and regulatory
environment to aid in a smoother
implementation of the VSDF.

Policy Recommendation Purpose

1 Passage of the National Land
Use Act
2 Amendment of Republic Act
10121 (National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management
Law)
3 Review/Amendment of
Republic Act 6541 (National
Building Code)
4 Review/Amendment of the
Shipping Industry Law
5 Expansion/Strengthening of the To ensure synchronization of
mandate of MARINA
6 Creation of a regulatory body
for terminal fees and other
charges
7 Automatic retention of portion of To ensure continuous upgrade and
airport/seaport terminal fees for maintenance of airports/seaports
development purposes
8 Creation of National
Transportation Safety Board
9 Revisit/Amendment of
guidelines on the shipment/
release of donated disaster
goods
To unify all laws related to land use
To ensure smooth implementation
of all interventions relative to
DRRM/CCA
To revise provisions that will
impose disaster resilience of
buildings
To ensure passenger welfare in
case of delays, cancellation, and
other unforeseen circumstances
intermodal transport schedules
To standardize what fees to collect
and at which ports will these be
collected (This will address double
collection of fees at port whether
port of departure or port of entry.)
To ensure safety of land, air and
sea travel; establish clear and
transparent accountability roles
and responsibilities for maintaining
safe and efficient transportation
services.
To allow flexibility in the current
rules and regulation so that
donated relief goods can be
immediately shipped and released
to the beneficiaries without delay
(this will also address the problem
on port congestion)

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 88

 Acknowledgement
The NEDA-Board Regional Development Committee (RDCom) for Visayas conveys its deep
gratitude to all those who contributed to the crafting of this Visayas Spatial Development Framework
(VSDF) 2015-2045.

National Line Agencies

BFAR, BOI, CAAP, CHED, DA, DAR, DENR, DepEd, DILG, DOE, DOTC, DOST, DOH, DOT, DTI,
DPWH, EMB, MCIAA, MGB, NAMRIA, NCCA, NEDA, NICA, NGCP, NTC, OCD, PAGASA, PPA,
PSA, PEZA, TIEZA

Local Government Units

Region VI: Province of Aklan, Province of Antique, Province of Capiz, Province of Guimaras,
Province of Negros Occidental, Iloilo City, Bacolod City
Region VII: Province of Bohol, Province of Cebu, Province of Negros Oriental, Province of Siquijor,
Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu City, Mandaue City
Region VIII: Province of Leyte, Province of Southern Leyte, Province of Biliran, Province of Samar,
Province of Eastern Samar, Province of Northern Samar, Tacloban City, Ormoc City, Baybay City,
Maasin City, Calbayog City, Catbalogan City, Borongan City

Private Organizations and Individuals

Dr. Arturo G. Corpuz, RDC VI, RDC VII, RDC VIII, RLUC VI, RLUC VII, RLUC VIII, RDC VIII-Private
Sector Representatives, Leyte-Samar Heritage Center

89 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

Annexes

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 90

 Annex 1
Political Subdivisions in the Visayas
Number of Number of Highly Number of Land Area
Provinces 2010 Population
Municipalities Urbanized Cities Component Cities (km2)
WESTERN VISAYAS
Aklan 17 1,821.42 535,725
Antique 18 2,729.17 546,031
Capiz 17 1 2,594.64 719,685
Guimaras 5 604.57 162,943
Iloilo 44 1 1 5,079.17 2,230,195
Negros Occidental 32 1 12 7,965.21 2,907,859
CENTRAL VISAYAS
Bohol 48 1 4,820.95 1,255,128
Cebu 53 3 4 5,342.00 4,167,320
Negros Oriental 25 4 5,385.53 1,286,666
Siquijor 6 337.49 91,066
EASTERN VISAYAS
Biliran 8 536.01 161,760
Eastern Samar 23 1 4,660.47 428,877
Leyte 43 1 2 6,515.05 1,567,984
Northern Samar 24 3,692.93 589,013
Southern Leyte 19 1 1,801.46 399,137
Samar 26 2 6,048.03 733,377
Source: PSA

91 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 Annex 2
Existing IT Parks and IT Centers in the Visayas, 2013
Land Area Floor Area Nature of
Region/Province Name Location Developer
(Ha) (sq. m.) Activity
Region VI
Iloilo (4) Amigo Mall Corner Iznart and Delgado La Filipina Uy 0.94 11,729 IT Center
Streets, Iloilo City Gongco Corporation
Iloilo Commercial Corner Avacena and Locsin Iloilo Commercial 0.14 92,830 IT Center
Development Corp. Streets, Barangay North San Development
Building Jose, Iloilo City Corporation
Iloilo Technohub Riverside Boardwalk, Barangay Sunnyfield E-Office 2.39 IT Park
San Rafael, Iloilo City Corporation
SMCI IT Center Benigno Aquino Avenue, Iloilo SM Prime Holdings, 17.50 IT Center
City Inc.
Negros Occidental Ayala North Point Brgy. Zone 15, Talisay City, Ayala Land, Inc. 12.95 - IT Park
(11) TechnoHub
Lopue's East IT Burgos Street corner Hilado Marketing One 1.00 20,000 IT Center
Center National Highway, Bacolod City Unlimited, Inc.
Luxur Plaza IT 46 Lizares Avenue, Bacolod City Luxur Realty 1.74 15,326 IT Center
Formation Centre Corporation
Monfort Information 22nd Street, Lacson, Bacolod City Monfort Motor Center 0.94 2,284 IT Center
Technology Building Corp,
One Sanparq San Antonio Park Square, Lacson AU and Sons 0.87 6,321 IT Center
Street, Mandalagan, Bacolod City Merchandising, Inc.
Robinsons Cybergate Araneta Street, Singcang, Robinsons Land 1.00 - IT Center
Center Bacolod City Corporation
Lopue’s South Square Araneta Street, Barangay Tangub, Lopue’s Mandalagan 5.39 IT Park
IT Park Bacolod City Corporation
The Block IT Park Villamonte Bacolod City Fernando F. 1.17 - IT Park
Gonzaga, Inc.
Transcom Center Araneta Street, Barangay Tangub, Cornersteel Systems 5.39 5,542 IT Center
Bacolod Bacolod City Corporation
St. Francis IT Centre Araneta Street, Singcang, Rojas Agro-Industrial 0.32 5,618 IT Center
Bacolod City Development Corp.
Two Sanparq San Antonio Park Square, Lacson AU and Sons 0.87 24,115 IT Center
Street, Mandalagan, Bacolod City Merchandising, Inc.
Region VII
Cebu (26) A. D. Gothong IT National Highway, Subangdaku, Alpa Land, Inc. 0.15 3,596 IT Center
Center Mandaue City
Arcenas Estate IT Banawa Hills, Barangay Labangon, Arcenas 1.28 5,241 IT Center
Center Cebu City Development
Corporation
Bigfoot IT Park Barangay Mactan, Lapu-Lapu City, Bigfoot Properties, 1.92 - IT Park
Island of Mactan Inc.
CBP-IT Park Barangays Mabolo, Luz, Cebu Holdings, Inc. 50.00 - IT Park
Hipodromo, Carreta, and
Kamputhaw, Cebu City
Cebu IT Tower Corner Mindanao and Bohol Loreta Realty and 0.23 26,191 IT Center
Streets, Cebu Business Park, Cebu Development
City Corporation
Cebu IT Park Lahug and Apas, Cebu City Cebu Property 23.70 - IT Park
Ventures and Dev't.
Corp.
Creativo IT Center Cebu Business Park, Cebu City, Lexmark Research & 0.16 12,796 IT Center
Province of Cebu Development
Corporation
Crown 7 IT Center Juan Luna Avenue, Mabolo, Cebu Crown Realty 0.19 13,851 IT Center
City, Cebu Development
Corporation
DG3 IT Center 72 N. Escario St. corner F. Ramos DG3 Corporation 0.33 8,940 IT Center
Extension, Capitol Site, Cebu City
GAGFA IT Center F. Cabahug Street, Barangay GAGFA Estate 0.32 32,863 IT Center
Kasambangan, Cebu City Ventures, Inc.
HVG Arcade IT Park HVG Arcade, Taipan Development, 7.51 - IT Park
Subangdaku,Mandaue City Inc.
JESA Building 90 General Maxilom Avenue, Cebu JESA Management 0.20 8,310 IT Center
City Corporation
JMALL IT Center A.S. Fortuna Street, Bakilid, Everjust Realty 3.0259 92,243 IT Center
Mandaue City, Cebu Development
Corporation Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 92
 Annex 2 (continued)
Existing IT Parks and IT Centers in the Visayas, 2013
Land Area Floor Area Nature of
Region/Province Name Location Developer
(Ha) (sq. m.) Activity
JY Square IT Center Salinas Drive, Lahug, Cebu City JOVIMA 0.88 10,341. IT
Management and Center
Development
Corporation
JY Square IT Center II Salinas Drive, Lahug, Cebu City JOVIMA 0.40 6,750 IT
Management and Center
Development Corp.
JY Square IT Center III Salinas Drive, Lahug, Cebu City JOVIMA 0.53 9,100 IT
Management and Center
Development Corp.
Keppel Center Cardinal Rosales Avenue corner Keppel Center 0.26 29,434 IT
Samar Loop, Cebu Business Condominium Center
Park, Cebu City Corporation
KRC IT Building Lopez Jaena Street, Kimhee Realty 0.66 9,616 IT
Subangdaku, Mandaue City, Corporation Center
Bebu
Lexmark Plaza Cebu Business Park, Cebu City Efficient Holdings, 0.52 - IT Park
Inc.
Mango Square Maxilom Avenue corner Juana Ludo & Luym 1.37 17,200 IT
Osmeña Street, Cebu City Development Corp. Center
Oakridge IT Center A.S. Fortuna Street, Banilad, Oakridge Realty 0.07 8,425 IT
Mandaue City Dev't.Corp. Center
Region VIII
Leyte (2) Leyte ICT Park Pawing, Palo Provincial 3.63 IT Park
Government of Leyte
Leyte M. Kyu Economic Pawing, Palo Leyte Mikyu 22.26 IT Park
Zone Resources Inc.
Source: PEZA

93
 Annex 3
Airports in the Visayas, 2014
No Airport Name Airport Class Location
1 Mactan-Cebu International Aiport International Mactan Island, Cebu
2 Iloilo International Airport International Cabatuan, Iloilo
3 Kalibo International Airport International Brgy. Pook, Kalibo, Aklan
4 Caticlan Airport Principal Class I/II Malay, Aklan
5 Roxas Airport Principal Class I/II Gabuan, Roxas City
6 Bacolod-Silay Airport Principal Class I/II Silay, Negros Occidental
7 Dumaguete Airport Principal Class I/II Sibulan, Negros Oriental
8 Tagbilaran Airport Principal Class I/II Tagbilaran City, Bohol
9 Ormoc Airport Principal Class I/II Ormoc City, Leyte
10 Tacloban Airport Principal Class I/II Tacloban City, Leyte
11 Calbayog Airport Principal Class I/II Calabayog City, Samar
12 Catarman Airport Principal Class I/II Dalakit, Catarman, Northern Samar
13 Siquijor Airport General Aviation Brgy. Cang-alwang, Siquijor, Siquijor
14 Ubay Airport General Aviation Ubay, Bohol
15 Bantayan Airport General Aviation Santa Fe, Cebu
16 San Jose Airport General Aviation San Jose de Buenavista, Antique
17 Biliran Airport General Aviation Naval, Biliran
18 Catbalogan Airport General Aviation Catbalogan City, Samar
19 Borongan Airport General Aviation Borongan City, Eastern Samar
20 Guiuan Airport General Aviation Guiuan, Eastern Samar
21 Hilongos Airport General Aviation Hilongos, Leyte
22 Maasin Airport General Aviation Maasin City, Southern Leyte

Source: CAAP

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 94

 Annex 4
Seaports in the Visayas, 2014

No Port Name Location Operator Usage

1 Tubigon Terminal Port Tubigon, Bohol PPA RORO, non-RORO
2 Tagbilaran Baseport Tagbilaran City, Bohol PPA RORO, non-RORO
3 Dumaguete Baseport Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental PPA RORO, non-RORO
4 Toledo City Toledo City, Cebu
5 Dumanjug
6 Tabuelan
7 Danao City
8 Carmen
9 San Francisco
10 Bogo City
11 Palompon Terminal Port Palompon, Leyte PPA RORO, non-RORO
12 Isabel Isabel, Leyte LGU Cargo
13 Ormoc Baseport Ormoc City, Leyte PPA RORO, non-RORO
14 Baybay Terminal Port Baybay City, Leyte PPA RORO, non-RORO
15 Hindang Hindang, Leyte Private RORO, non-RORO
16 Hilongos Terminal Port Hilongos, Leyte PPA RORO, non-RORO
17 Bato Bato, Leyte LGU RORO, non-RORO
18 Maasin Terminal Port Maasin City, Southern Leyte PPA RORO, non-RORO
19 Jagna Terminal Port Jagna, Bohol PPA RORO, non-RORO
20 Larena Terminal Port Larena, Siquijor PPA RORO, non-RORO
21 Lazi Lazi, Siquijor LGU non-RORO
22 Santander
23 Ubay Terminal Port Ubay, Bohol PPA RORO, non-RORO
24 Pres. Carlos P. Garcia
25 Iloilo Baseport Iloilo City, Iloilo PPA RORO, non-RORO
26 Tacloban Baseport Tacloban City, Leyte PPA RORO, non-RORO
27 Naval Naval, Biliran LGU RORO, non-RORO
28 Malay
29 Catbalogan Terminal Port Catbalogan City, Samar PPA RORO
30 Mambajao
31 Balingoan
32 Surigao City
33 Cawayan
34 Masbate City
35 Milagros
36 Plaridel
37 San Isidro
38 Culasi Termminal Port Culasi, Antique PPA RORO, non-RORO
39 Lugait
40 Odiongan
41 Magsaysay
42 Bulalakao
43 San Fernando
44 Mandaon
45 Liloan Terminal Port Liloan, Southern Leyte PPA RORO
46 Tananuan
47 Guiuan Guiuan, Eastern Samar LGU Cargo
48 Borongan Terminal Port Borongan City, Eastern Samar PPA Cargo
49 Calbayog Terminal Port Calbayog City, Samar PPA Cargo
95 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045
Annex 4 (continued)
Seaports in the Visayas, 2014

No Port Name Location Operator Usage

50 San Isidro Terminal Port San Isidro, Northern Samar PPA RORO
51 Allen Allen, Northern Samar
52 San Ricardo (Benit Port) San Ricardo, Southern Leyte LGU RORO
53 Limasawa Limasawa, Southern Leyte
54 Padre Burgos Padre Burgos, Southern Leyte
55 Roxas City Roxas City, Capiz
56 San Jose Terminal Port San Jose, Antique PPA RORO
57 Caluya Caluya, Antique
58 Libertad Libertad, Antique
59 New Washington New Washington, Aklan
60 Sibunag Sibunag, Guimaras PPA non-RORO
61 Dumangas Dumangas, Iloilo LGU RORO, non-RORO
62 Concepcion Concepcion, Iloilo
63 Estancia Terminal Port Estancia, Iloilo PPA RORO
64 Guimbal Guimbal, Iloilo LGU Cargo
65 Escalante City Escalante City, Negros Occ.
66 Cadiz City Cadiz City, Neg. Occ. Private Cargo
67 Bacolod City Bacolod City, Negros Occ.
68 San Carlos City San Carlos City, Negros Occ. PPA RORO, non-RORO
69 Himamaylan City Himamaylan City, Negros Occ.
70 Siquijor Siquijor, Siquijor LGU RORO, non-RORO
71 Cebu Baseport Cebu Baseport
72 Siaton Siaton, Negros Oriental
73 Guihulgan Guihulgan, Negros Oriental
74 Hinigaran Port
75 Pulupandan Baseport Pulupandan, Negros Occidental PPA RORO, non-RORO

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 96

 Annex 5
Power Plants in the Visayas, 2014
NO NAME LOCATION RATED CAPACITY (MW) TYPE
1 GBPC Bunker Fuel New Washington 5.000 Diesel
2 GBPC Bunker Fuel Nabas 12.600 Diesel
3 Panay DPP3 Dingle 66.400 Diesel
4 Enervantage DPP-Panit-an Panitan 22.000 Diesel
5 Power Barge 102 Iloilo City 32.000 Diesel
6 Panay Power Corp/PEDC Iloilo City 94.900 Diesel
7 Panay DPP1 Dingle 29.200 Diesel
8 First Farmers Biomass Cogen Talisay City 21.000 Biomass
9 Trans Asia Diesel-Jordan Jordan 3.400 Diesel
10 Power Barge 103 Estancia Diesel
11 Power Barge 101 Iloilo City Diesel
12 Cebu TPP Cebu Coal
13 Toledo Power Corp. Toledo City 88.200 Coal
14 Trans Asia San Lorenzo Wind
15 CEDC Coal Cebu Coal
16 KEPCO Coal Cebu Coal
17 Toledo Power Corp (Carmen Sta.) Toledo City Diesel
18 East Asia Utilities (MEPZA) Cebu City Diesel
19 Cebu Private Power Cebu City Diesel
20 Cebu DPP1 (Salcon) Naga City Diesel
21 CEMEX Naga City Diesel
22 Cebu Land-based GT Cebu Gas Turbine
23 Mantayupan Hydro Barili Hydro
24 Matutinao Hydro Badian Hydro
25 Basak Hydro Badian Hydro
26 DESCO Natural Gas Bogo City, Cebu Natural Gas
27 Northern Negros GPP Bago City, Cebu Geothermal
28 Negros GPP1 Palinpinon, Negros Oriental Geothermal
29 CASA Bioenergy Passi City Biomass
30 Nasulo GPP Valencia Geothermal
31 San Carlos Bioenergy San Carlos City Biomass
32 Amlan HEP Amlan Hydro
33 SACASOL P2 San Carlos City Solar
34 SACASOL P1 San Carlos City Solar
35 Unified Leyte GPP Leyte Geothermal
36 Leyte GPP Leyte Geothermal
37 Bohol DPP Tagbilaran City, Bohol Diesel
38 Loboc HEP Loboc, Bohol Hydro
39 Sevilla Hydroelectric Plant Sevilla Hydro
40 Janopol Mini Hydro Bohol Hydro
41 Villaciga HEP Bugasong Hydro
Source: DOE

97 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 Annex 6
Transmission Line Projects in the Visayas, 2014
NO NAME OF PROJECT STATUS LOCATION
San Remegio, Antique - Santa Barbara,
1 Culasi-San Jose Transmission Line Project On-going
Iloilo
Anilao, Iloilo - E.B. Magalona, Negros
2 Cebu-Negros-Panay Backbone Project For implementation
Occidental
3 Nabas-Caticlan Transmission Line Project For approval Nabas - Malay, Aklan
Permanent Restoration Panit-an-Nabas Transmission
4 For approval Malay, Aklan - Panitan, Capiz
Line
E.B. Magalona - Cadiz City, Negros
5 EB Magalona-Cadiz Transmission Line Project For approval
Occidental
6 Bohol Backbone On-going Balilihan - Ubay, Bohol
Amlan, Negros Oriental - Samboan,
7 Cebu-Negros Backbone Proposed
Cebu
Pres. C.P. Garcia, Bohol - Maasin City,
8 Leyte-Bohol Line 2 Proposed
Southern Leyte

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 98

99
Annex 7
DOE Indicative Power Projects in the Visayas, 2014

CAPACITY
NO NAME OF PROJECT TYPE PROPONENT COMPANY LOCATION
(MW)
1 PEDC Expansion Project Coal Panay Energy Development Corporation Global Business Power Corporation Brgy. Ingore, Iloilo City, Iloilo 150.00
2 Coal-fired Power Plant Coal Global Business Power Corporation Global Business Power Corporation Brgy. Ingore, Iloilo City, Iloilo 20.00
3 FDC Danao CFB Coal Power Plant Coal FDC Utilities, Inc. FDC Utilities, Inc. Danao City, Cebu 20.00
4 Therma Visayas Energy Project Coal Therma Visayas Inc. Aboitiz Power Corporation Brgy. Bato, Toledo City, Cebu 300.00
Brgy. Calumangan, Bago City, Negros
5 Calumangan Diesel Power Plant Diesel/Oil Energreen Power development & Mgt, Inc. 18.90
Occidental

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

6 Biliran Geothermal Plant Project Geothermal Biliran Geothermal Incorporated Orka Energy Philippines (Iceland) Biliran, Biliran 49.00
7 Dauin Geothermal Project Geothermal EDC EDC Dauin, Negros Oriental 40.00
8 Southern Leyte Geothermal Plant Geothermal EDC EDC Cabalian, Southern Leyte

9 Leyte Solar Photovoltaic Power Pro- Solar Phil. Solar Farm-Leyte, Inc. Phil. Solar Farm-Leyte, Inc Ormoc City, Leyte 30.00
10 San Carlos Solar Power Project Solar San Carlos Solar Energy Inc. San Carlos City, Negros Occidental 30.00
Phil. Power Exploration Development Cor- Brgy. Tinampa-an, Cadiz City, Negros
11 Cadiz Solar Power Project Solar 100.00
poration Occidental
12 Pulupandan Wind power Project Wind First Maxpower International Corporation First Maxpower International Corpo- Pulupandan, Negros Occidental 50.00

13 Igbulo Hydroelectric Power Project Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings Igbaras, Iloilo 5.10

14 Hilabangan (Upper Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings Kabankalan, Negros Occidental 4.80

15 Hilabangan (Lower Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings Kabankalan, Negros Occidental 3.00

16 Maninila (Upper Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings San Remegio, Antique 4.50

17 Maninila (Lower Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings San Remegio. Negros Occidental 4.50

18 Sibalom (Upper Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings San Remegio, Antique 4.20
19 Sibalom (Middle Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings Inc. San Remegio, Antique 4.00
20 Sibalom (Lower Cascade) Hydro Century Peak Energy Corporation Century Peak Metals Holdings San Remegio, Antique 3.30
21 Basak II Hydro Meadowland Developers, Inc. Badian, Cebu 0.50
Oriental Energy and Power Generation Cor- Oriental Peninsula Resources
22 Timbahan Hydroelectric Project Hydro Madalag, Aklan 18.00
poration Group Inc.
 Annex 7 Continued
DOE Indicative Power Projects in the Visayas, 2014
CAPACITY
NO NAME OF PROJECT TYPE PROPONENT COMPANY LOCATION
(MW)
Main Aklan River Hydroelectric Pow-
23 Hydro Sunwest Water & Electric Company, Inc. Libacao, Aklan 15.00
er Project
24 Amlan (Plant A) Hydro Natural Power Sources Integration, Inc. Amlan, Negros Oriental 3.20
25 Amlan (Plant B) Hydro Natural Power Sources Integration, Inc. Amlan, Negros Oriental 1.50
26 Amlan (Plant C) Hydro Natural Power Sources Integration, Inc. Amlan, Negros Oriental 0.80
27 Loboc Hydro Power Project Hydro Sta. Clara Power Corporation Sta. Clara International Corporation Loboc, Bohol 1.20
28 South Negros Biomass Power Plant Biomass Souther Negros Biopower Inc. Brgy. Cubay, La Carlota City, Negros 22.40

29 Mina Multi-fuel Biomass power Gen- Biomass Green Power Panay Phils., Inc. Iloilo 32.00

30 Battery Storage Project Battery AES Philippines Power Partners Co., LTD. AES Philippines Power Partners Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental 40.00

Source: DOE

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

100
101
Annex 8
DOE Committed Power Projects in the Visayas, 2014
CAPACITY
NO NAME OF PROJECT TYPE PROPONENT COMPANY LOCATION
(MW)
TPC Coal-fired Power Plant Expansion
1 Coal Toledo Power Company Global Buisiness Corporation Toledo City, Cebu 82.00
Project
Concepcion Coal-fired Power Plant Unit Palm Thermal Consolidated Holdings
2 Coal AC Energy Holdings Brgy. Nipa, Concepcion, Iloilo 135.00
1 Corp.
Concepcion Coal-fired Power Plant Unit Palm Thermal Consolidated Holdings
3 Coal AC Energy Holdings Brgy. Nipa, Concepcion, Iloilo 135.00
2 Corp.
4 Villasiga EHP Hydro SUWECO SUWECO Brgy. Igsoro, Bugasong, Antique 8.00

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

5 Cantakoy HEP Hydro Quadriver Energy Corp. Quadriver Energy Corp. Danao, Bohol 8.00
8.0 MW HPCo Bagasse Cogeneration
6 Bagasse Hawaiian Philippines Company Hawaiian Philippines Company Negros Occidental 3.00
Plant
46 MW Universal Robina Corporation
7 Bagasse Universal Robina Corporation JG Summit Holdings Inc. Negros Occidental 31.00
Bagasse Cogenaration Facility
20 MW SCBiopower Bagasse-fired Pow-
8 Bagasse San Carlos Biopower Inc. Bronzeoak Philippines Negros Occidental 18.00
er Generation Project
34 MW VMCI Bagasse-fires Cogenera-
9 Bagasse Victorias Milling Company Inc. Victorias Milling Company Inc. Negros Occidental 3.00
tion Plant
11 Nabas Wind Power Project Phase 2 Wind Petrogreen Energy Corporation Petrogreen Energy Corporation Brgy. Pawa, Nabas, Aklan 36.00
10 Nabas Wind Power Project Phase 1 Wind Petrogreen Energy Corporation Petrogreen Energy Corporation Brgy. Pawa, Nabas, Aklan 14.00
Source: DOE
 Annex 9
Key Biodiversity Areas in the Visayas, 2014
NO KEY BIODIVERSITY AREA TYPE MUNICIPALITY/CITY PROVINCE AREA (HA)
1 Gilotongan Marine Sanctuary Marine KBA Cordova Cebu 8.59
2 Concepcion Marine KBA Concepcion, Ajuy Iloilo 5,617.68
3 Semirara Island Marine KBA Caluya Antique 7,233.76
4 Biri Larosa Protected Landscape Marine KBA Lavezares, Rosario, San Northern Samar 23,716.75
and Seascape Jose
5 Biri Larosa Protected Landscape Marine KBA Lavezares, Rosario, San Northern Samar 0.01
and Seascape Jose
6 Iloilo Strait Marine KBA Dumangas; Buenavista Iloilo; Guimaras 4,592.09
7 Pamilacan Island Marine KBA Baclayon Bohol 17,717.85
8 Jordan Marine KBA Jordan, Buenavista Guimaras 1,843.87
9 Daanbantayan Marine KBA Daanbantayan Cebu 9,397.25
10 Sogod Bay Marine KBA Padre Burgos, San Southern Leyte 41,792.07
Francisco, Pintuyan
11 Cuatro Islas Protected Landscape Marine KBA Inopacan Leyte 11,428.80
and Seascape
12 Divinubo Island Marine KBA Borongan Eastern Samar 1,083.60
13 Divinubo Island Marine KBA Borongan Eastern Samar 0.00
14 Andis Island Marine KBA Borongan Eastern Samar 1,931.57
15 Matarinao Bay Marine KBA Quinapondan, Salcedo Eastern Samar 4,806.84
16 Guian to Salcedo Marine KBA Guian, Mercedes, Salcedo Eastern Samar 38,858.36
17 Samar Island Natural Park Terrestrial KBA Northern Samar, 336,925.62
Eastern Samar, Samar
18 Bantayan Islets Marine KBA Bantayan Cebu 6,113.23
19 Sagay Protected Seascape Marine KBA Sagay, Escalante Negros Occidental 16,841.79
20 Liloan Marine KBA Liloan Cebu 115.49
21 Panglao Island Marine KBA Panglao Bohol 3,377.91
22 Dauis Marine KBA Dauis, Tagbilaran City Bohol 2,112.05
23 Eastern Coast of Siquijor Marine KBA Lazi, Maria, Enrique Siquijor 18,311.29

24 Mt. Bandila-an Terrestrial KBA Siquijor 56,350.26

25 Apo Island Marine KBA Zamboangita Negros Oriental 176.13
26 Moalboal Marine KBA Badian, Moalboal, Cebu 1,614.57
Alcantara
27 Bais Bay Marine KBA Bais City, Manjuyod Negros Oriental 4,617.34
28 Danajon Bank Marine and Loon, Calape, Tubigon, Bohol 137,594.29
Terrestrial KBA Clarin, Inabanga,

29 Magsaysay Marine KBA Magsaysay Misamis Oriental 169.01

30 Nueva Valencia Marine KBA Nueva Valencia Guimaras 4,669.31
31 Southwestern Negros (Hinoba-an) Terrestrial KBA Negros Occidental 2,128,343.80
32 Northern Negros Natural Park Terrestrial KBA Negros Occidental 403,998.81
33 Timpoong and Hibok-hibok Terrestrial KBA Camiguin 3,778.21

34 Camiguin Island Marine KBA Mambajao, Mahinog, Camiguin 136,055.71

Guinsiliban, Sagay,

35 Anonang-Lobi Range Terrestrial KBA Leyte 83,019.92

36 Ban-ban Terrestrial KBA Negros Oriental, 230,590.36
Negros Occidental
37 Biliran and Maripipi Island Terrestrial KBA Biliran 1,198.94
38 Biliran and Maripipi Island Terrestrial KBA Biliran 157,255.16

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 102

 Continuation Annex 9
Key Biodiversity Areas in the Visayas, 2014

NO KEY BIODIVERSITY AREA TYPE MUNICIPALITY/CITY PROVINCE AREA (HA)

39 Central Cebu Protected Terrestrial KBA Cebu 28,988.70

40 Central Cebu Protected Terrestrial KBA Cebu 622.15

41 Central Panay Mountains Terrestrial KBA Antique, Aklan, Capiz, 974,231.77

42 Cuernos de Negros Terrestrial KBA Negros Oriental 23,884.63

43 Mt. Nacolod Terrestrial KBA Leyte, Southern Leyte 73,889.51
44 Mt. Capayas Terrestrial KBA Cebu 134,233.64
45 Mt. Kangbulagsing Terrestrial KBA Cebu 2,657.16
46 Mt. Canlaon Natural Park Terrestrial KBA 25,117.73
47 Northwest Panay Peninsula Terrestrial KBA Aklan, Antique 12,213.87

48 Nug-as & Mt. Lantoy Terrestrial KBA Cebu 5,231.91

49 Nug-as & Mt. Lantoy Terrestrial KBA Cebu 219,082.59
50 Olango Island Terrestrial KBA Cebu 1,033.35
51 Rajah Sikatuna Protected Terrestrial KBA Bohol 12,565.24
Landscape
52 South and North Gigante Island Terrestrial KBA Iloilo 2,277.38
53 Mactan Island Marine and Cebu 8,536.80
Terrestrial KBA
Source: DENR

103 Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045

 Annex 10
Protected Areas in the Visayas, 2014

NO PROTECTED AREA LOCATION AREA (HA)

1 Alburquerque-Loay-Loboc Protected Landscape and Seascape Alburquerque-Loay-Loboc, 1,180.96
Bohol
2 Apo Island Protected Landscape/Seascape Zamboangita, Negros 700.57
Oriental
3 Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park Sibulan-Amlan-San Jose- 8,125.03
Valencia, Negros Oriental
4 Biri Larosa Protected Landscape/Seascape Biri-Lavezares-Rosario, 32,682.72
Northern Samar
5 Calbayog-Pan-As Hayiban Protected Landscape Calbayog City, Samar 5,130.90
6 Central Cebu Protected Landscape Balamban-Compostela-Liloan 28,864.77
-Talisay-Minglanilla, Cebu

7 Guiuan Protected Landscape/Seascape Guiuan, Eastern Samar 68,323.77

8 Lake Danao Natural Park Ormoc City, Leyte 2,272.06
9 Loboc Watershed Forest Reserve Loboc Watershed, Bohol 9,006.99
10 Maasin WFR Maasin-Alimondian, Iloilo and 6,626.34
San Remegio-Valderrama,
Antique
11 Mahagnao Volcano Natural Park La Paz, Leyte 345.01
12 Mt. Kanlaon Natural Park La Carlota-Murcia-San Carlos 23,875.78
City-La Castellana, Negros
Occidental and Calaon City,
Negros Oriental

13 Northern Negros Natural Park Negros Occidental 71,772.25

14 Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park Buruanga-Malay-Nabas, 12,163.95
Aklan and Libertad-Pandan,
Antique
15 Panglao Island Protected Seascape Panglao Island, Bohol 2,477.84
16 Samar Island NP Samar Island 463,873.36
17 Sibalom Natural Park Sibalom, Antique 4,372.85
18 Taklong Island National Marine Reserve Nueva Valencia, Guimaras 1,158.84
19 Talibon Group of Islands Protected Landscape and Seascape Talibon, Bohol 6,529.71
20 Tanon Strait Protected Seascape Tanon Strait between Negros 541,701.59
and Cebu Islands
21 Island of Ambugan / Hambungan Inabanga, Bohol 41.76
22 Alihawan cansujay anibongan river WFR Jagna-Duero, Bohol 3,785.95
23 Chocolate Hills Natural Monument Sagbayan-Carmen-Batuan- 14,178.80
Bilar, Bohol
24 Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary Olango Island, Cebu 1,044.10
25 Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape Bilar-Carmen-Sierra Bullones 11,108.31
-Garcia Hernandez-Valencia,
Bohol
26 Island of Ponson, Poro and Pacihan Camotes Islands, Cebu 1,455.36
27 Cuatro Islas Protected Landscape/Seascape Inopacan, Leyte 11,551.01
28 Aklan River Watershed Forest Reserve Madalag-Malinao, Aklan and 22,943.53
Culasi-Sebaste, Antique

Visayas Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045 104

 Continuation Annex 10
Protected Areas in the Visayas, 2014

NO PROTECTED AREA LOCATION AREA (HA)

29 Island of Budlanan, Bugatusan, Panga, Silo, Cabgan, Canconstino, Inbanga, Bohol 38.80
tabaon, Maagpit, and Islet of Basihan, Bugatusan, Hayaan, Inanoran ,
and Poom Point East of Basihan Islet (Getafe Group of Island) (Clarin

30 Dalanas River WFR Barbaza-Lau-an, Antique 6,871.15

31 Ilog-Hilabangan Watershed Forest Reserve Himamaylan City-Kabankalan 10,023.63
City, Negros Occidental

32 Jalaur River Watershed Forest Reserve Tapaz, Capiz and Lambunao- 13,993.22
Calinog, Iloilo
33 Kabangkalan WFR 305.89
34 Kuapnit Balinsasayao National Park Baybay City-Mahaplag, Leyte 381.47

35 Sagay Marine Reserve Sagay City-Escalante City, 28,760.30

Negros Occidental
36 Palompon WFR Villaba-Matag-ob-Palompon, 5,393.19
Leyte
37 Island of Bantayan Bantayan Island, Cebu 11,503.51
38 Island of Catiil, Colangaman, Lomislis, Tagangdio, Tintinan, and islet of Mabini, Bohol 222.07
Pamasuan
39 Mangrove Areas along Coastline of Dupon Bay from Sacay point to Isabel-Palompon, Leyte 618.00
Mouth of Dupon River, Apali Point to Calunganan Point Puerto Bello
Lao Mangrove from Bo. Tuban and Bo. Manpagui Santa Cruiz
40 Pan-ay River WFR Tapaz, Capiz 4,092.95
41 Bulabog-Putian National Park Dingle-San Enrique, Iloilo 860.70
42 Guadalupe Mabugnap Mainit Hot Spring National Park Carcar, Cebu 64.43
43 Island of Pamusuan, Handayan, Majanay, Islets of Bonoon, Lapinig, Bohol 2,887.50
Pinahon and Lapinig Chico, Mangrove areas east of Soom River

44 Island of Ambungan, Pangangan, Cabilao and Sandigan, Islet of Batas, Inabanga-Buenavista, Bohol 1,190.93
Mangrove areas of east of Inabanga River to Bo. Pampang**
Source: DENR

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National Integrated Protected Areas System in the Visayas, 2014

NO NAME LOCATION AREA (HA)

1 Pan-As Falls Hay-Ban Watershed Forest Reserve Calbayog City, Samar and Bobon, 2,357.83
Northern Samar
2 Pan-As Falls Hay-Ban Watershed Forest Reserve Calbayog City, Samar 2,624.63
3 Caluya Caluya, Antique 149.54
4 Jicontol Watershed Forest Reserve Maslog-Dolores-Can-avid, Eastern 7,151.86
Samar
5 Boracay Island Boracay Island, Aklan 1,067.42
6 Libertad-Pandan, Antique 5,622.85
7 Libertad-Pandan, Antique 197.78
8 Libertad-Pandan, Antique 150.09
9 Borongan-Hinabangan MVF Borongan City, Eastern Samar and 18,105.05
Hinabangan-Calbiga, Samar
10 Libertad Sebaste-Culasi, Antique 2,094.02
11 Gigantangan Is. Gigatangan Island, Biliran 441.00
12 Barbaza-Culasi, Antique 6,950.74
13 Culasi, Antique 151.70
14 Sohoton Natural Bridge Park NP Basey, Samar 845.22
15 Basey OGFR Basey, Samar 716.62
16 Culasi, Antique 54.83
17 Culasi, Antique 17.02
18 Sampunong Bolo GRBS Sara, Iloilo 57.26
19 Barbaza-Laua-an, Antique 7,751.58
20 Watershed Reservation Tapaz, Capiz 4,119.64
21 Jala-Ur River WFR Lambunao-Calinog, Iloilo 14,968.18
22 Dalanas Watershed Bugasong, Antique 671.73
23 McArthur Landing National Park Palo, Leyte 8.85
24 Palompon WFR Palompon, Matag-ob-Villaba, Leyte 5,443.72
25 Vaderrama, Antique 97.20
26 Guiuan Is. Guiuan, Eastern Samar 5,106.33
27 Guiuan Is. Mercedes, Eastern Samar 314.67
28 Lake Danao National Park Ormoc City 2,154.45
29 Antique Mossy & Virgin Forest Valderrama, Antique 283.55
30 Guiuan Is. Guiuan, Eastern Samar 573.25
31 Bulabog-Putian National Park Dingle-San Enrique, Iloilo 782.18
32 Antique Mossy & Virgin Forest Valderrama, Antique 1,146.01
33 Sagay Protected Landscape Sagay City-Escalante City, Negros 28,372.03
Occidental
34 Guiuan Is. Guiuan, Eastern Samar 1,764.07
35 Guiuan Is. Guiuan, Eastern Samar 42.07
36 Guiuan Is. Guiuan, Eastern Samar 1,332.33
37 Ormoc City, Leyte 193.39
38 Antique Mossy & Virgin Forest Valderrama, Antique 77.63
39 Merida-Ormoc City, Leyte 130.96
40 Isabel Mangrove Swamp Isabel, Leyte 261.33
41 Guiuan, Eastern Samar 43.30
42 Guiuan, Eastern Samar 112.72
43 Mahagnao Volcano La Paz, Leyte 473.30
44 Isabel Mangrove Swamp Merida, Leyte 50.22
45 Isabel Mangrove Swamp Isabel, Leyte 43.46
46 Isabel Mangrove Swamp Isabel, Leyte 18.57
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NO NAME LOCATION AREA (HA)

47 Bago Watershed Negros Occidental 63,457.74
48 Lake Danao GRBS Pilar Island, Cebu 3,502.70
49 Mau-It - Tipuluan Watershed Sibalom, Antique and Miag-ao- 5,343.26
Igbaras, Iloilo
50 Lake Danao GRBS San Francisco Island, Cebu 45.41
51 Lake Danao GRBS Camotes Island, Cebu 19,100.81
52 San Francisco Island, Cebu 804.00
53 Kuapnit-Balinsasayao NP Baybay City-Mahaplag, Leyte 378.94

54 Central Cebu National Park Cebu Island 9,175.33

55 Canlaon National Park Negros Occidental 23,798.60
56 Central Cebu 21,349.45
57 Selinog Is. San Carlos City, Negros Occidental 377.37

58 Hinabian WFR Sogod-Libagon-St. Bernard- 4,497.45

Hinunangan-Silago, Southern Leyte
59 Balamban-Cebu City, Cebu 745.79
60 Taklong Is. National Marine Reserve Nueva Valencia, Guimaras 35.28
61 Sudlon National Park Cebu City, Cebu 605.03
62 La Castellana, Negros Occidental 78.29
63 Olango Wildlife Sanctuary Lapu-lapu City, Cebu 973.68
64 Olongapo Wildlife Sanctuary Bien Unido, Bohol 865.26
65 Olango Wildlife Sanctuary Lapu-lapu City, Cebu 47.31
66 Jetafe, Bohol 352.33
67 Jetafe-Talibon, Bohol 1,587.76
68 Jetafe, Bohol 41.04
69 Jetafe, Bohol 536.43
70 Guadalupe-Mabugnao-Mainiy NP Carcar, Cebu 12.58
71 Ubay, Bohol 150.07
72 Pres. C.P. Garcia, Bohol 509.91
73 Bohol Wilderness & Mangrove Areas Inabanga-Buenavista, Bohol 1,046.81
74 Bohol Wilderness & Mangrove Areas Inabanga-Buenavista, Bohol 31.85
75 Ilog-Hilabangan Watershed Himamaylan City-Kabankalan City, 9,997.84
Negros Occidental
76 Clarin-Tubigon, Bohol 11.78
77 Clarin-Tubigon, Bohol 11.46
78 Clarin-Tubigon, Bohol 509.43
79 Clarin-Tubigon, Bohol 34.65
80 Clarin-Tubigon, Bohol 81.41
81 Tubigon, Bohol 50.24
82 Calape, Bohol 141.29
83 Loboc WFR Sagbayan, Bohol 537.07
84 Calape, Bohol 435.16
85 Calape, Bohol 39.82
86 Loboc WFR Loboc Watershed, Bohol Island 8,522.77
87 Cabilao Is. Loon, Bohol 728.85
88 Loon, Bohol 556.73
89 Andijay-Anda, Bohol 519.61
90 Rajah Sikatuna NP Bilar-Carmen-Valencia-Sierra 7,970.65
Bullones, Bohol
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National Integrated Protected Areas System in the Visayas, 2014

NO NAME LOCATION AREA (HA)

91 Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan WFR Sierra Bullones-Jagna, Bohol 998.12
92 Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan WFR Duero-Jagna, Bohol 3,728.55
93 Rajah Sikatuna NP Valencia, Bohol 233.31
94 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loboc, Bohol 180.33
95 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loboc-Loay, Bohol 454.34
96 Panglao Is. Panglao Island, Bohol 9,385.87
97 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loay-Albuquerque-Loboc, Bohol 82.26
98 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loay-Albuquerque-Loboc, Bohol 17.47
99 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loay-Albuquerque-Loboc, Bohol 84.91
100 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loay-Albuquerque-Loboc, Bohol 36.22
101 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loay-Albuquerque-Loboc, Bohol 51.17
102 Bohol Mangrove Reserve Loay-Albuquerque-Loboc, Bohol 20.39
103 Panglao, Bohol 27.26
104 Siquijor Is. Siquijor Island 31,378.27
105 Apo Is. Apo Island, Negros Oriental 78.22
Source: DENR

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