Answer the following. Each Question carries 1 mark.

1. Another name for HCl

2. 2 places where HCl occurs in free state
3. Why is HCl a polar covalent compound
4. Give the equation for the direct combination of hydrogen and chlorine
5. Give 2 equations for the lab preparation of HCl gas
6. Give three precautions for the lab preparation of HCl gas
7. How is HCl gas identified during lab preparation
8. Name the drying agent used and state the reason for the same
9. Which drying agents are not used? Why?
10. Why is NaCl preferred over other metallic chlorides?
11. Why is conc H2SO4 used?
12. Why can conc HNO3 not be used?
13. Why is the temperature below 200 degrees Celsius?
14. How is HCl gas collected?
15. Why is it not collected over water?
16. When HCl gas is exposed to air, it gives dense white fumes. Why?
17. What does the fountain experiment demonstrate?
18. Is HCl combustible? Is it a supporter of combustion?
19. HCl gas ____ a glowing splint. It _____burn.
20. Hydrogen chloride dissociated into hydrogen and chlorine on heating above ____ degrees.
21. Two gases combine to give a solid. Name the three substances.
22. Give 3 reactions with 3 different metals wherein HCl can be used to obtain hydrogen by simple
displacement reactions.
23. HCl Acid is obtained from HCl gas by dissolving it in water using a special __________.
24. Direct absorption of HCl gas in water causes _________.
25. What is back suction?
26. Why is the funnel arrangement used?
27. What is a constant boiling mixture?
28. A solution of HCl in water forms a constant boiling mixture at _________.
29. The solution of HCl in water exhibits _______properties and is an electrolyte.
30. HCl gas is a ___________compound.
31. _________not being a polar solvent does not dissociate HCl molecule into free ions.
32. Why does liquefied and dry HCl not conduct electricity?
33. _______is the mixture of conc HNO3 and conc HCl, 1:3 by volume.
34. It dissolves noble metals, ____ and _______.
35. Give the aqua regia reaction, and its reaction with Au and Pt.
36. What happens on addition of silver nitrate solution to dilute HCl?
37. What is the action of heat on a mixture of manganese dioxide and conc. HCl?
38. Iron sheets are cleaned with HCl acid before dipping into molten zinc for galvanizing. Why?
39. The acid which is not an oxidizing agent.
40. State the observation/ color change when HCl is passed through- i. moist blue litmus ii. Methyl orange
iii. Phenolphthalein
41. Name the products formed when AgCl is reacted with excess ammonia solution.
Give the chemical equations when HCl reacts with-
42. Sodium thiosulphate solution
43. Lead IV oxide
44. Trilead tetroxide – Red lead
45. Potassium permanganate
46. Potassium dichromate
47. Silver nitrate
48. Lead nitrate
49. Iron sulphide
50. Sodium Bicarbonate
51. Ammonia was initially called ____.
52. Give the reaction for the lab preparation of ammonia
53. How is it collected?
54. Why is ammonia not collected over water?
55. Which drying agent is used? Why?
56. Why s the higher ratio by weight of alkali used?
57. Why is calcium hydroxide used?
58. Why is ammonium nitrate not used?
59. Why is the round bottom flask kept in an inclined position?
60. Which three drying agents are not used? Why?
61. Give the reactions for the preparation of ammonia from metal nitrides.
62. Why is this method seldom used?
63. Which process is used for the manufacture of ammonia? Give the temperature, pressure, catalyst,
promoter, precautions.
64. How are nitrogen and hydrogen gases obtained for this process?
65. Why is the optimum temperature of 450-500 degrees used for the Haber’s process?
66. Why is external heating not required?
67. Why is the optimum pressure of 200-900 atmospheres used ?
68. How is ammonia separated and recovered from the uncombined nitrogen and hydrogen?
69. What is the aim of the fountain experiment?
70. Is ammonia combustible? Is it a supporter of combustion?
71. When ammonia is reacted without a catalyst with oxygen, a _____ flame is seen. Give the reaction for
the same.
72. Give the catalytic oxidation reaction for ammonia.
73. Why does the catalyst continue to glow even after the heating is stopped?
74. An aqueous solution of ammonia in water is called ______.
75. Aqueous solution of ammonia turns red litmus ___, phenolphthalein solution ____.
76. An ammonium salt which undergoes thermal dissociation on heating.
77. Give two reactions which show the reducing nature of ammonia. State the observations for the same.
78. Give reactions of ammonia with chlorine in excess.
79. Give reaction of chlorine with ammonia in excess.
80. Give the reaction for the [reparation of nitrogen from unstable ammonium nitrite.
81. How is ammonia gas identified when passed through copper sulphate solution?
82. Give the chemical name and formula for Nessler’s reagent.
83. What happens when ammonia is passed through a Nessler’s reagent solution?
84. Why is liquid ammonia used as a refrigerant?
85. An aqueous solution of ammonia acts as a weak base. Why?
86. Finely divided iron catalyst does not affect the percentage yield if ammonia in Haber’s process. Why?
87. Aqueous solution of Pb & Zn can be distinguished using an aqueous solution of ammonia.
88. Reaction of ammonia with HCl.
89. Reaction of ammonia with HNO3.
90. Reaction of ammonia with H2SO4.