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CONTACT:         San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

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WEBSITE: sdzwa.org
PRESS ROOM:sdzwa.org/pr/PenguinFittedWithCustomBoots

NEWS RELEASE

San Diego Zoo Penguin Gets Fitted with Custom Orthopedic Footwear

Specially Designed Neoprene/Rubber “Boots” Help Lucas Walk and Ease

Symptoms of Non-curable Degenerative Foot Condition

SAN DIEGO (Aug. 29, 2022) – Lucas, a prominent member of the San Diego Zoo’s African penguin
colony who was diagnosed with a degenerative foot condition, has a new opportunity to thrive, thanks
to intervention by the Zoo’s wildlife heath and wildlife care specialist teams. Team members—with the
help of Thera-Paw, a national organization that designs and manufactures rehabilitative and assistive
products for animals with special needs—created and fitted Lucas with custom orthopedic shoes made
of neoprene and rubber, to prevent pressure sores from developing on his feet and ankle when he
stands and walks.
Lucas has a chronic condition known as bumblefoot, an umbrella term for a range of avian
degenerative foot conditions ranging from mild redness to deep abscesses. If left untreated,
bumblefoot could lead to sepsis and death by secondary infection. Unfortunately, Lucas’s bumblefoot
is believed to be a permanent condition, so the wildlife team decided to use the boots to make him as
comfortable as possible as he goes about his normal daily routine. The boots should protect the lesions
already present on his feet, while minimizing the risk of him developing additional sores.
“I’ve known Lucas for a long time, so having the ability to provide him with a chance to live a
normal life brings a smile to my face,” said Dr. Beth Bicknese, senior veterinarian at the San Diego Zoo.
“The boots are cushioned and Velcroed in place, so they will help Lucas to fully participate in the colony
and showcase behaviors that are more typical for a penguin—such as climbing the rocks, swimming,
nesting and finding a suitable mate.”
 The 4-year-old penguin’s medical journey began more than 3 years ago, when he developed a
spinal infection that left him with weak muscles in his legs and the inability to properly stand upright on
his toes. Lucas was forced to rest on areas of his ankles that would not normally touch the ground. The
team provided Lucas with pain medication, physical therapy and acupuncture treatments to try to
improve his spine, but were unable to heal his condition. As sores began to form on his foot and legs,
the team reached out to representatives at Thera-Paw, and asked them to create the custom padded
boots.
“This was such an amazing opportunity, and we were honored to be asked to assist the team at
the San Diego Zoo,” said Ilaria Borghese, founder and president of Thera-Paw. “Over the years, we’ve
tackled challenging cases like Lucas’s, and each is special and memorable. One thing that never gets
old is seeing an animal’s life dramatically improve after using one of our aids. It inspires and drives us
every day.”
Wildlife care specialists at the Zoo observed that after fitting Lucas with his new boots, his gait
improved, increasing his ability to navigate his rocky habitat with greater ease—and his posture
became more natural, allowing him the faculty to gain better balance while standing.
“We were pleasantly surprised at the immediate change in Lucas after we fitted him with his
new boots,” said Debbie Denton, senior wildlife care specialist at the San Diego Zoo. “Seeing him move
about now gives us hope that he may be OK going forward, and able to live a full life.”
African penguins are listed as Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Once one of southern Africa’s most abundant seabirds,
the species suffered a massive population decline from an estimated 1 million breeding pairs to only
about 18,000 breeding pairs today. In the past two years alone, the population decreased more than 23
percent. Historically, penguin eggs and guano were commercially harvested, which had a devastating
effect on the population. Although both practices were abolished toward the end of the 20th century,
other threats—including a lack of readily available food due to overfishing, climate change, oil and
marine pollution, the emergence of avian influenza A (H5N8) virus and habitat degradation—contribute
to a continuing population decline.
San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance participates in the Association of Zoos and Aquariums’ Species
Survival Plan (SSP) program for these endangered aquatic birds and has previously partnered with the
Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB), to help facilitate
conservation programs in South Africa.
 “Penguins are a remarkable family of birds,” said Denton. “There is no other type of animal that
is so widely spread across an enormous geographic range, or displays so many unique characteristics
among its members. As their numbers fall, every individual bird matter. It’s vital that we continue our
work to ensure their continued survival for generations to come.”

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About San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance
San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance is a nonprofit international conservation leader, committed to inspiring
a passion for nature and working toward a world where all life thrives. The Alliance empowers people
from around the globe to support their mission to conserve wildlife through innovation and
partnerships. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance supports cutting-edge conservation and brings the stories
of their work back to the San Diego Zoo and San Diego Zoo Safari Park—giving millions of guests, in
person and virtually, the opportunity to experience conservation in action. The work of San Diego Zoo
Wildlife Alliance extends from San Diego to eco-regional conservation “hubs” across the globe, where
their expertise and assets—including the renowned Wildlife Biodiversity Bank—are able to effectively
align with hundreds of regional partners to improve outcomes for wildlife in more coordinated efforts.
By leveraging these skills in wildlife care and conservation science, and through collaboration with
hundreds of partners, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance has reintroduced more than 44 endangered
species to native habitats. Each year, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance’s work reaches over 1 billion
people in 150 countries via news media, social media, their websites, educational resources and the San
Diego Zoo Wildlife Explorers television programming, which is in children’s hospitals in 13 countries.
Success is made possible by the support of members, donors and guests to the San Diego Zoo and San
Diego Zoo Safari Park, who are Wildlife Allies committed to ensuring all life thrives. 

About Thera-Paw, Inc.

An animal in pain is a difficult sight to see, and even more heartbreaking when it’s an animal in your
care. Thera-Paw is a US-based company that works with both veterinary professionals and pet parents
to design and fabricate products of special-needs animals. For over 20 years, Thera-Paw remains the
only company worldwide that designs, fabricates, and manufactures soft orthoses, protective
garments, and mobility aids for pets.  A team of dedicated and knowledgeable professionals work to
help clients find the best solution for pets with pain or mobility issues, whether it is a Thera-Paw
product or that of another company.  Through public feedback and assistance from veterinary
professionals, the team continues to create new ways to improve the function, mobility, and comfort of
pets. To learn more about Thera-Paw and the products offered, visit therapaw.com.

Link Includes:
 Video of Lucas at the San Diego Zoo, walking before and after boot fitting; Zoo staff creating a
mold of his feet and fitting him with the finished boots.
 Video of Ilaria Borghese, founder and president of Thera-Paw; and Martha Symon, senior
designer at Thera-Paw; manufacturing and preparing the penguin boots for shipment to the
San Diego Zoo.
 Interview with Dr. Beth Bicknese, senior veterinarian at the San Diego Zoo; and Debbie Denton,
senior wildlife care specialist at the San Diego Zoo.
 Interview with Ilaria Borghese, founder and president of Thera-Paw; and Martha Symon, senior
designer at Thera-Paw.
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