Complete NEW BINDING FILE WORK 2

A
PROJECT REPORT
ON
“ Theft Detection By Smart Prepaid Energy
Meter Using Iot"
Submitted in the partial fulfillment for requirement for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
SANT GADGE BABA
AMRAVATI UNIVERSITY, AMRAVATI
BY
MR.MOHAMMAD MUDASSIR MR.MOHIT BHAWARE
MR.HARSHAL MANOHARE MS.KIRAN GUDHADE

MR.MAHENDRA PRAJAPATI
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
PROF. N.A. BODKHE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

DR. SAU. KAMALTAI GAWAI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
& TECHNOLOGY,
DARAPUR, TQ. – DARYAPUR, DIST. – AMRAVATI (M.S.)- 444814
2021-2022
J
A
CERTIFICATE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

DR. SAU. KAMALTAI GAWAI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, DARAPUR,
TAQ. – DARYAPUR, DIST. – AMRAVATI (M.S.) -444814
(Affiliated to Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati)

This is to certify that
Project Report entitled
“Theft Detection By Smart Prepaid Energy Meter Using Iot”
has been successfully
Submitted by
MR.MOHAMMAD MUDASSIR MR.MOHIT BHAWARE
MR.HARSHAL MANOHARE MS.KIRAN GUDHADE

MR.MAHENDRA PRAJAPATI
In the partial fulfillment for the Degree of

Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.)
in Electrical Engineering during academic year 2021 – 22
Prof. N.A Bodkhe Dr. A. N. kaushal

Guide Head of Department
Dr. S. T. Warghat
Principal
2021-2022
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is a fact that for achieving a grand success in an individual career, everybody needs a proper guide and we
are very much grateful to have Prof. N. A. Bodkhe Department of Electrical Engineering, as our motivating force to
opt for a special subject for our project. Our deep gratitude to him for all the inspiration, personal involvement and
constructive criticism which he provided behind technical guidance during the course of project work.
We acknowledge our overwhelming gratitude and immense respect to Dr. A. N. kaushal Head of Electrical
Engineering Department, and Principal of our college Dr. S. T. Warghat for providing excellent facilities during
the working on this project.
Finally, we are thankful to our Teaching Staff, Non-Teaching Staff of Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Library staff members and our friends for their encouragement and suggestion moving towards completion of our
project.
Submitted By :
Mr.Mohammad Mudassir
Mr.Mohit Bhaware
Mr.Harshal Manohare
Ms.Kiran Gudhade
Mr.Mahendra Prajapati
DECLARATION
This is Certify that project work titled “Theft Detection By Smart Prepaid Energy Meter Using Iot” which is
submitted by us in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering
(B.E.) in Electrical Engineering to Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, comprises only our original
work due to acknowledgement has been made in the text to all other material used
Mr.Mohammad Mudassir
Mr.Mohit Bhaware
Mr.Harshal Manohare
Ms.Kiran Gudhade
Mr.Mahendra Prajapati
Place Darapur
Date:
INDEX
Sr. Content Page No.

No
1. Abstract 1
2. Introduction 2
3. Literature Review 3
4. Componunt And 5
Details
5. Model Description 16
6. Advantage And 25
Disadvantage
7. Application 27
8. Future Scope 29
9. Conclusion 31
10. Reference 33
ABSTRACT
KGIET, Darapur, Amravati (M.S.) Theft Detection By Prepaid Energy Meter Using Iot
ABSTRACT
Power theft is normally done by two methods that is bypassing or hooking. So to detect
it, a system (current measuring and comparing) is proposed in which the household distribution of
current is done indirectly from the electric pole to an intermediate distributor box and then to the
individual houses. The current is measured periodically in the distributor box and is posted to the
server database for each house using GSM/GPRS module. Similarly, for each house electric meter
is designed which can measure the value of the current and post the same to the server database
periodically using GSM/GPRS module.
1
INTRODUCTION
2
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
In utility distribution system, electricity metering plays important role, as it measures the
electricity consumption of users and generates bill, which is a source of revenue. Over the years,
the Electricity Companies were using the conventional credit metering and billing system which
was much time consuming system. It was discovered that this system also faced much problems
including incompetent monitoring of consumption, theft detection, wrong meter reading,
unproductive revenue collection and useless energy use. In the developing countries, electricity
theft has raised as a serious problem in power sectors. A great amount of profits lost due to
electricity theft. In some countries it has become such a severe problem that the governments are
facing losses instead of revenue. Due to this financial loss the shortage of funds occur for
investment to expand the existing power capacity and due to which governments become failed to
satisfy the ever enhancing demand of electricity.
To overcome the such problem of overbilling, meter tempering and to ensure a cost
effective operation, we have introduced the Prepaid Electricity System. .The user receives
message on their mobile phones about the units they purchased via GSM technology. The warning
message was sent to user mobile through GSM technology before the disconnection of electricity .
The primary objective of this study is to develop a cost effective Internet of Things (IoT) based
electricity theft detection and prevention. Internet of things (IoT) has helped many organizational
systems to improve efficiency, increase the speed of process, minimize error and prevent theft by
coding and tracking the objects and also detect the fault at consumer level. The idea is being
proposed to reduce the human interference to collect the monthly reading and to minimize the
technical problems regarding the billing process. If the customer does not pay the bill in time, the
user is informed through a message using IoT
3
KGIET, Darapur, Amravati (M.S.) Theft Detection By Smart Prepaid Energy Meter Using Iot
Literature survey
4
CHAPTER 2
Literature survey
2.1 LiteratureSurvey:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technological concept that connects things to the
Internet for data exchange. It is used in this study to connect the electricity meter to the Internet in
order to prevent the meter from being tampered with.
A tamper proof system for the smart meters using IoT technology was developed.
Although this system is applicable to both the green field and brown field approach of the Internet
of Things, it utilized two separate boards, one as a controller and the other as network interface.
The cost associated with the procurement of the Arduino Mega 2560 and Arduino Wi-Fi Shield
101 boards is high, relative to the cost of a single board, hence; there is need for a cheaper and
effective system.
A tamper proof electricity meter with IoT technology was developed with Raspberry pi
embedded system module[6]. This system is costly because of the cost of the Raspberry pi board
relative to other embedded system boards like the Wi-Fi Module. Also, the Raspberry pi is not an
open sourceplatform.
An IoT based embedded system that checks electricity theft and enables the remote control
of appliance. In this system, reference energy consumption is set and once the energy
consumption rises above the threshold, the system considers the activity as electricity theft. It can
be seen that most of the electricity theft prevention systems are targeting the smart meter while
neglecting the electromechanical meter. Also, most of the existing electricity theft prevention
systems (at the meter level) have to do with the development of new smart meters with theft
prevention except the device developed in . Meter tampering has been neglected by most of the
works not minding the fact that it is a delicate form of electricity theft. Therefore, there is need to
develop a cost effective system that will prevent meter tampering.
5
2.2 Review:
To understand the present condition we survey some areas and found the following
drawbacks regarding project.
1. There is more a wastage of electricity due to old used Meteringsystem.
2. The existing model is a time consuming process and it needs a lot oflabor.
3. Human error cannot be avoided for the manual meterreading.
4. Always there is no cross checking or recheck of human readers for energy utilization.
5. High chance of stealing and bribery always high to misuse it especially during events.
6. More number of meter reading employees is extra expenses to the company for hiring them
and their expense on traveling too expensiveone.
7. High cost in billing because of theft ofpower.
8. Less profit in the income of distributionsystem
2.3 History of Theft detection System:
On the basis of various platforms, researchers have proposed many technologies in the
literature for automatic meter reading of energy as a solution to the traditional approach of
collecting meter readings manually. These include Power Line Carrier (PLC), Telephone Line,
Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi, GPRS and GSM [2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. Depending upon the mode
oftransmission.
5
KGIET, Darapur, Amravati(M.S) (M.S.) Theft Detection By Prepaid Energy Meter Using Iot
COMPONENT
AND
ITS DETAILS
5
CHAPTER 3
Component Details
3.1 Energy Meter:
Energy meters are the basic part to measure the power consumption. It is used everywhere,
no matter how big or small consumption it is. It is also known as watt-hourmeter.
6
3.2 Architecture:
The ESP32 chip comes with 48 pins with multiple functions. Not all
pins are exposed in all ESP32 development boards, and there are some pins that
cannot be used.
7
3.3 Current Sensor(ACS712):
Figure 3.3 Current Sensor
The ACS712 Module uses the famous ACS712 IC to measure current

using the Hall Effect principle. The module gets its name from the IC (ACS712)
used in the module, so for you final products use the IC directly instead of the
module.
These ACS712 module can measure current AC or DC current ranging

from +5A to -5A, +20A to -20A and +30A to -30A. You have to select the right
range for your project since you have to trade off accuracy for higher range
modules. This modules outputs Analog voltage (0-5V) based on the current
flowing through the wire; hence it is very easy to interface this module with any
microcontroller.
8
3.4 Transformer [230V to 12-0-12 AC]:
Figure 3.4 Transformer [230V to 12-0-12 AC]
As the control circuit of "Theft detection by prepaid energy meter using

IoT" prototype, requires 12V and 5V of DC for the purpose stepdown and
further process transformer is introduced. Transformers are most commonly
used for increasing low AC voltages at high current (a step-up transformer) or
decreasing high AC voltages at low current (a step-down transformer) in electric
power applications, and for coupling the stages of signal processing circuits.
Transformers can also be used for isolation, where the voltage in equals the
voltage out, with separate coils not electrically bonded to one another.
A flowing current in the transformer's primary winding

attempts to create a varying magnetic flux in the transformer core, which is also
encircled by the secondary winding. This varying flux at the secondary winding
induces a varying electromotive force (EMF, voltage) in the secondary winding
due to electromagnetic induction and the secondary current so produced creates
9
a flux equal and opposite to that produced by the primary winding, in

accordance with Lenz's law.
3.5 Incandescent Bulbs(load):
Figure 3.6.6 Incandescent Bulbs
An incandescent light bulb or incandescent lamp or incandescent light

globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it glows. The
filament is enclosed in a bulb to protect the filament from oxidation. Current is
supplied to the filament by terminals or wires embedded in the glass. Filament is
made up of material 'Tungsten'.
3.6 Distribution Pole:
Figure 3.6 Distribution Pole

10
Distribution poles or Utility Poles are placed in the allover in the premises or area for the
utilization purpose which is called as service mains. It is made up of bare iron, steel, cement or
wooden.
In this prototype, poles or a service mains is use for transferring electric power from mains
to the load and the current sensor etc. are connected between them. Sensing system are so
connected that it will monitor the all changes in the system and control by the Controller Node
MCU (ESP- 32s).
When system is loaded it draws some load current, that current is measured by the Current
Sensor ACS-712, display the current value on LCD display. As soon as the Theft occurs on the
system, system draws over current than the permissible value set in the controller, In that
condition Theft occurrence message is sent to the respective user (Electric Board) and the buzzer
will start beeping which indicates that the theft of power on system.
3.7 Liquid Crystal DisplayLCD:
LCDs are more energy efficient and offer safer disposal than CRT, using LCD. Its low
electrical power consumption enables it to be used in battery powered electronic equipment. It is
electronically modulated optical device made up of any number of pixels filled with liquid crystals
and array in front of light source or reflector to produce image in color andmonochrome.
Figure 3.7 Liquid Crystal Display
11
3.8 Resistor :-
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical

resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow,
adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines,
among other uses. A resistor controls the flow of the electrical current within a circuit. Resistors
are made from materials like copper or carbon, which make it difficult for the electrical charges to
flow through a circuit.
Commonly used in breadboards and perf boards, these 10K resistors make excellent pull-
ups, pull-downs, and current limiters. To determine the value of a given resistor look for the gold
or silver tolerance band and rotate the resistor as in the photo on the left.
Fig.3.8 RESISTER
A 10k ohm resistor has 4 color bands: brown, black, orange, and gold for 5% tolerance,
respectively. A 1k ohm resistor has 4 color bands: brown, black, red, and gold for 5% tolerance,
12
Capacitors(1000uF):
A capacitor is passive two terminal electrical component used to store the

energy electrostatically in the electric field. Capacitors are used for filtering the
ripples in the dc supply.
An electrolytic capacitor is a polarized capacitor whose anode or positive

plate is made of a metal that forms an insulating oxide layer through anodization.
This oxide layer acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. A solid, liquid, or gel
electrolyte covers the surface of this oxide layer, serving as the cathode or
negative plate of thecapacitor.
Figure 3.9 Capacitor
Due to their very thin dielectric oxide layer and enlarged anode surface,
electrolytic capacitors have a much higher capacitance-voltage (CV) product per
unit volume than ceramic capacitors or film capacitors, and so can have large
capacitance
values. There are three families of electrolytic capacitor: aluminum

electrolyticcapacitors, tantalum electrolytic capacitors, and niobium electrolytic
capacitors.
13
10.0 Transistor(BC548):
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and Signal and

electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three
terminal for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one
pair of the transistor's terminal changes the current through another pair of
terminals. Because the allied power can be higher than controlling power. A
transistor can amplify a signal.
Figure 10 Transistor BC548
10.1 Buzzer:
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be

mechanical, electromechanical. Including 1 feedback-electrode ( the central,
small electrode joined with red wire in this photo), and an oscillator to self-drive
the buzzer.
Figure 10.1Buzzer
14
The vibrating disk in a magnetic buzzer is attracted to the pole by the

magnetic field. When an oscillating signal is moved through the coil, it produces
a fluctuating magnetic field which vibrates the disk at a frequency equal to that
of the drive signal.
10.2VoltageRegulator:
Figure 10.2 Voltage Regulator
IC 7805 is used to convert the 12 volt de supply into 5 volt de supply.

This 5 volt supply is given to the microcontroller. A Voltage Regulator is
designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. It may use as an
electronic component.
Voltage sources in a circuit may have fluctuations resulting in not

providing fixed voltage outputs. A voltage regulator IC maintains the output
voltage at a constant value. 7805 IC, a member of 78xx series of fixed linear
voltage regulators used to maintain such fluctuations, is a popular voltage
regulator integrated circuit (IC). The XX in 78xx indicates the output voltage it
provides. 7805 IC provides +5 volts regulated power supply with provisions to
add a heatsink.
15
MODEL DESCRIPTION
16
CHAPTER 4
MODEL DESCRIPTION
4.1Circuit Diagram :-
Figure 4.1 (a) Circuit Diagram:
Above circuit schematic shows the circuit arrangement of prototype "

Theft detection by smart prepaid energy meter using IoT " in which
all components are connected to respective interfacing pins of Node
MCU (Wi-Fi Module).
17
4.2 Block diagram of System:
Figure 4.2(b) Block Diagram of System
Working :-
In this system, a unique Id is given for each energy meter. This unique Id
number is interlinked with the customer’s unique mobile Id number. It
constantly monitors the energy meter. The energy consumption from each house
is sent to the control station through the web server and the billing and power cut
details are sent from the control station to the residential energy meter.
This system is implemented using the Arduino Node MCU (esp32s)

micro controller and with a backup of GSM module. Esp8266 chip is the Wi-Fi
module which helps in transferring the data through the internet. In case, if
internet does not work, a GSM is used for backup purposes.
18
4.3 Project Flowchart
19
4.4ProgramFlowchart:
20
21
WORKING OF THEPROTOTYPE:
Figure 4.5 Actual prototype
4.5.1 Energy consumption on dailybasis:
In the existing energy meter, the meter shows the energy consumed from
the date of installation. In this system, the daily energy consumed is calculated
using the Arduino micro controller and it is displayed in the LCD. It is also
communicated to the consumer’s mobile using IoT.
In this prototype, poles or a service mains is use for transferring electric

power from mains to the load and the current sensor etc. are connected between
them. Sensing system are so connected that it will monitor the all changes in the
system and control by the Controller Node MCU (ESP- 32s).
When system is loaded it draws some load current, that current is

measured by the Current Sensor ACS-712, display the current value on LCD
display. As soon as the Theft occurs on the system, system draws over current
than the permissible value set in the
22
controller, In that condition Theft occurrence message is sent to the respective

user (Electric Board) and the buzzer will start beeping which indicates that the
theft of power on system.
4.5.2 Billing And Payment ThroughIoT:
The billing detail for the energy consumed is communicated to the

consumer monthly through the web server using IoT and as a message through
the GSM module. The payment is also made through the web server. This helps
in eliminating the manual dependency to collect the reading.
4.5.3Pre-Intimation of Shut-Down:
The sudden power cut causes major problems in hospitals, industries and
in public sectors. In order to be aware or to make safety precautions in hospitals,
the power cut is announced in advance. The power cut details are sent from EB
web server to the consumer’s unique ID using IoT and it is also sent to the
consumer’s mobile as a message through the GSM module. The details are also
displayed in the LCD display after an alarm. The alarm is used to indicate the
residential that a new message has been received.
4.5.4 AlertSystems:
This electricity billing system has a format that when the energy is
consumed beyond the certain limit, double charges are collected i.e. they are
charged twice the normal rate. In order to create awareness to the public, an
alarm will be provided when the energy consumed by the consumer reaches a
nearer value of critical limit. The message is also displayed in the LCD display.
23
Power Disconnection through amessage:
When the residential are out of station and if they have forgotten to off the power, it can be
disconnected by sending a message through the GSM module. This helps to prevent the wastage
of energy if any equipment has been forgotten to off.
24
ADVANTAGE
AND
DISADVANTAGE
25
CHAPTER 5
ADVANTAGES
➢ This system shows the energy consumed on daily basis, hence it helps to reduce the
consumption by Comparing the dailyusages.
➢ It reduces the human interference to collect the monthly reading and it also saves the time
andmoney.
➢ The pre-announced shut down details helps to take necessary preventive measures and also
helps to charge the essentialequipments.
➢ The alarm system helps to create awareness to the public regarding their energy consumption
and the corresponding charges.
➢ It prevents the wastage of energy by disconnecting the power through a message when the
residents are out ofstation.
➢ The LCD display, situated in the distribution board helps the residents in the apartments to be
aware of the messages in the LCD display since they are far away from the energy-meter.
DISADVANTAGES
➢ Initial cost ishigh.
➢ Require frequent maintenance after fault for efficientoperation.
➢ Since this entire system is mainly depends on hardware, a small failure in single hardware can
effects entiresystem.
26
APPLICATION
27
CHAPTER 6
APPLICATION
➢ Highly applicable in Green House Effects to maintain temperature andhumidity.
➢ Applicable in the areas where there is shortage ofwater.
➢ By adding units like chemical and nutrient control, fertility and crop productivity of soil can
beimproved.
➢ Watering the plants in farmsautomatically.
➢ In gardeningpurpose.
➢ In industrialwork.
28
FUTURE SCOPE
2222 29
CHAPTER 7
FUTURE SCOPE
This project can be extended to control each and every parameter of the power system as
well as every process in the operation of power system. Thus we can monitor and control the
entire power system. This project can be further developed by adding an automatic billing system
which would display the amount of power consumed by each consumer at the substation which
would further reduce the labour cost and time. It requires only one time installation cost after
installation this can be used with ease for lifetime which acts as a great advantage. This project
can be implemented in industries and any such places which require a large amount of electricity
which will ensure that no wastage or any related theft of electricity takes place. It will completely
eliminate the power theft and will increase revenue for the Government and contribute to the
betterment of the society. We can make this project more users friendly by introducing a Wi-Fi
module and also by using other low cost components.
2222 29
CONCLUSION
2222 29
CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION
In order to overcome the revenue losses due to power theft in our country, we have made a small
attempt through this project. By this work we can conclude that the power theft can be effectively
curbed, "Theft detection by smart prepaid energy meter using IoT", proves useful to the
people who use it and helps in eliminating illegal usage of electricity by working reliably and
satisfactorily, thus saving the revenue loss to the electricity supplying authority in future which
incur due to power theft. A Wireless Power Theft monitoring system has been designed and
developed with proper integration of both the hardware and the software. Without any human
interface this system provides an effective and easy way to detect electrical theft. The use of WIFI
helps in achieving the numerous advantages of wireless network systems. Power theft is actually
bypassing the energy meter but in our project we have indicated the theft by increasing the load
and this method is cost efficient
2222 29
REFERENCE
2222 29
CHAPTER 9
REFERENCE
• [1] M. Saulo, C. Gaunt and O. Dzobo, "The impact of vision driven planning approach on
electricity distribution system planning in Kenya," IEEE 45th Universities Power Engineering
Conference (UPEC), pp. 1-6, September2010.
• [2] (A Novel Design to Prevent Electricity Theft from Pole Mounted Distribution Boxes).
Krunal Patel and Ram Krishna Mishra Electrical Systems – Centre of Excellence Raychem
Innovation Centre, Raychem RPG Pvt. Ltd. Halol, Gujarat, India.
• [3] T. B. Smith, "Electricity theft: A comparative analysis," Energy Policy, vol. 32, pp. 2067-
2076,2004.
• [4] I. N. Darshan and K. A. R. Radhakrishna, “IoT Based Electricity Energy Meter Reading,
Theft Detection and Disconnection using PLC modem and Power optimization”, International
Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering,
Vol. 4(7), pp.6482-6491,(2015).
• [5] Md. Masudur Rahman; Noor-E-Jannat; Mohd. Ohidul Islam; Md. Serazus Salakin,
“Arduino and GSM Based Smart Energy Meter for Advanced Metering and Billing System”
2nd Int'l Conf. on Electrical Engineering and Information & Communication Technology
(ICEEICT) 2015 Jahangimagar University, Dhaka-I 342, Bangladesh, 21-23 May2015.
• [6] T. B. Smith, “Electricity Theft: a Comparative Analysis”, Energy Policy, Volume 32,
Issue 18, December 2008; 2003, pp. 2067 –2076.
• [7] (Development of a Cost-Effective Electricity Theft Detection and Prevention System
based on IoT Technology)R. E. Ogu and G. A. Chukwudebe Dept. of Electrical and
Electronic Engineering Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria(2017IEEE).
• [8] L. K. Lekha, G. Jegan and M. D. Ranganathan, “IoT Based Household Appliances Control
And Tampering Detection Of Electricity Energy Meter”, ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, Vol. 11(11), pp7376-7379, (2016).
• [9] Abhinandan Jain, Dilip Kumar, Jyoti Kedia, “Design and Development of WIFI based
35
• Energy Meter”, in IJERT,2012.

• [10] Siddarameswara H.N. “WIFI based electricity theft identification in houses and in
industry sector”, ICEE-21st June2014,ISBN-978-93-81693-6603-03.
• [11] P. Rakesh Malhotra et al. / IJET “automatic meter reading and theft control system by
using WIFI”,2013.
35

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A

MR.MOHAMMAD MUDASSIR MR.MOHIT BHAWARE

MR.HARSHAL MANOHARE MS.KIRAN GUDHADE

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

PROF. N.A. BODKHE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

(Affiliated to Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati)

MR.HARSHAL MANOHARE MS.KIRAN GUDHADE

In the partial fulfillment for the Degree of

Prof. N.A Bodkhe Dr. A. N. kaushal

Sr. Content Page No.

1. There is more a wastage of electricity due to old used Meteringsystem.

3. Human error cannot be avoided for the manual meterreading.

8. Less profit in the income of distributionsystem

2.3 History of Theft detection System:

3.1 Energy Meter:

3.3 Current Sensor(ACS712):

Figure 3.3 Current Sensor

The ACS712 Module uses the famous ACS712 IC to measure current

These ACS712 module can measure current AC or DC current ranging

3.4 Transformer [230V to 12-0-12 AC]:

Figure 3.4 Transformer [230V to 12-0-12 AC]

As the control circuit of "Theft detection by prepaid energy meter using

A flowing current in the transformer's primary winding

a flux equal and opposite to that produced by the primary winding, in

3.5 Incandescent Bulbs(load):

Figure 3.6.6 Incandescent Bulbs

An incandescent light bulb or incandescent lamp or incandescent light

3.6 Distribution Pole:

Figure 3.6 Distribution Pole

3.7 Liquid Crystal DisplayLCD:

Figure 3.7 Liquid Crystal Display

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical

A capacitor is passive two terminal electrical component used to store the

An electrolytic capacitor is a polarized capacitor whose anode or positive

Figure 3.9 Capacitor

values. There are three families of electrolytic capacitor: aluminum

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and Signal and

Figure 10 Transistor BC548

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be

The vibrating disk in a magnetic buzzer is attracted to the pole by the

Figure 10.2 Voltage Regulator

IC 7805 is used to convert the 12 volt de supply into 5 volt de supply.

Voltage sources in a circuit may have fluctuations resulting in not

Figure 4.1 (a) Circuit Diagram:

Above circuit schematic shows the circuit arrangement of prototype "

4.2 Block diagram of System:

Figure 4.2(b) Block Diagram of System

This system is implemented using the Arduino Node MCU (esp32s)

4.3 Project Flowchart

Figure 4.5 Actual prototype

4.5.1 Energy consumption on dailybasis:

In this prototype, poles or a service mains is use for transferring electric

When system is loaded it draws some load current, that current is

controller, In that condition Theft occurrence message is sent to the respective

4.5.2 Billing And Payment ThroughIoT:

The billing detail for the energy consumed is communicated to the

Power Disconnection through amessage:

➢ Initial cost ishigh.

➢ Require frequent maintenance after fault for efficientoperation.

➢ Highly applicable in Green House Effects to maintain temperature andhumidity.

➢ Applicable in the areas where there is shortage ofwater.