PED103 Week 3

Assignment
Name: FRANCESCA LOUISE L. CAIBAL Date: SEPTEMBER 2, 2022
Section: 2SEDS-A Prof.: EMERSON DIMACULANGAN
1. Discuss the brief history of Arnis (5 pts)
 The onset of the twentieth century brought about the demise of Arnis in the
country. With the coming of the Americans, the Filipinos were in awe with
the new culture, that most indigenous cultures were relegated almost to
oblivion. Our very own Arnis, the Filipino martial art, almost suffered the
same fate. Once a prevalent martial art of the pre-Spanish natives and the
illustrados of the Spanish era, Arnis all but disappeared in the urban areas and
was mostly preserved in the provinces. Credit should be given to our
traditional guro / maestro or grandmasters, illustrious men who painstakingly
preserved Arnis for us.
The rise to popularity of various foreign martial arts also placed our local
martial art in the limelight. Suddenly, interest in Arnis began to surge. Popular
practice of the art however, also had its share of problems. For one, there was
a dire need to consolidate the various forms, styles and strains of Arnis. Arnis
is not just one technique nor just one school, it is as varied as the islands of the
country, with its more than eighty (80) languages and about one hundred
forty-two (142) dialects in an archipelago of seven thousand and one hundred
(7,100) islands. Furthermore, there was also a need for a strong leadership to
hold such schools or groups together, to steer it towards a direction, so as to
prevent Arnis from slipping into oblivion.

2. What are the fundamental skills of Arnis? (3 pts)

 GRIP
o Proper Hold of the Stick. Hold the stick one fist away from the punyo
(butt) of the stick. Close the grip with the thumb.
 HANDA
o Basic Stance and Salutation. Feet are positioned shoulder width apart.
Stick is held in front of the body.
 PUGAY
o Basic Stance and Salutation. Place the weapon hand across the chest.
Bow by bending at the waist.
 HANDA SA PAGLABAN/FIGHTING STANCE
o One foot in the front (foot the same as the weapon hand), the other
foot on the rear. Keep feet apart, distance of one foot. Both knees
slightly bent. Toes facing forward. Weight evenly distributed on both
feet.
  FORWARD STANCE
o Distance of 5 steps between the feet. Back leg kept straight, rear foot
is held at a 45-degree angle. Keep the front knee bent. Weight is
evenly distributed on both feet.
 BACKWARD STANCE
o Distance of 4 steps between the feet. Both knees are slightly bent.
Rear foot held at a 90-degree angle. 70% of the body weight on the
rear foot while 30% is placed on the front foot.

3. Describe the traditional common materials used in Arnis? (3 pts)

 Arnis focuses on the knife, including the dagger, sword, and any other form
of bladed weapon whereas Eskrima is based on the ‘baston’ or stick.
a) Baston: This is the most basic and common weapon in Arnis.
Traditional common materials used for wooden bastons are
usually rattan, kamagong, and bahi wood. It is also available in
modern materials such as fiberglass and plastics and in metals
like aluminum.
b) Rattan: This is usually constructed from a stem of Southeast
Asian vine. This stem’s hard and durable yet lightweight that
makes the weapon useful for defense against blades. At
present, fighters use padded Bastons. The Baston (Baton) is
about 28 inches (71 cm) in length.
c) Kamagong (also known as Mabolo): This is a dark, dense,
expensive type of wood known for its hardness and weight.
Kamagong is also an endangered species of ebony wood.
d) Bahi: Bahi is a type of wood made from the heart of a palm
tree. It is similar to kamagong but is made of a porous material
in weight and density.

4. What are the equipments used in Arnis? Define each. (6 pts)

a) Head Gear: It is a necessity in Arnis combat. It is covered with high-
grade leatherette and vinyl that is printed with ethnic art. Its
materials provide vital protection from head strikes and a multi-
thickness metal frame is developed for impact protection.
b) Body Armor: It is designed specially to provide complete upper
body protection while allowing mobility and protection. The armor
is usually made of hard plastic and vinyl for lightness and the lower
panels are extended downwards to provide extra coverage.
c) Leg Guard: These guards can be used to protect both thigh and
the shin area and are not only designed for protection but also
for comfort and practicality.
d) Groin: It is a special padding for the lower abdomen. It has a groin
cup to provide complete protection to the groin area.
 e) Hand Gloves: It is a thick rubber protection which serves as a
protection from strikes as the stick is held in hand. Its open palm
design ensures a stable grip and finger flexibility for impact
absorption.
f) Arnis Clothing: The basic Arnis Uniform is made from twill fabric,
which maintains durability and comfort. It is specially designed after
the classic Arnis uniform with Velcro straps to close the flaps easily.

References:
 History (arnisphilippines.com)
 Arnis (Martial Arts): History, Objective, & Equipment (sportsmatik.com)
 PE Fundamental Skills in Arnis Flashcards | Quizlet