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Home / Markets / Stock Markets / What is bull call spread? MintGenie explains
What is bull call spread? MintGenie explains
The bull figure outside the Bombay Stock Exchange in Mumbai, India, on tuesday 17th May
2022. Photographer: Samyukta Lakshmi/ BloombergM.R.�Kumar, chairman of Life
Insurance Corp. of India (LIC), center, at LIC's listing ceremony at the Bombay Stock
Exchange (BSE) in Mumbai, India, on Tuesday, May 17, 2022. State-run insurer Life
Insurance Corporation of India plunged early in its Mumbai trading debut after
a�record�initial public offering that priced at the top of the range and was oversubscribed
nearly three times. Photographer: Samyukta Lakshmi/Bloomberg (Bloomberg)2 min
read . Updated: 07 Jul 2022, 11:06 AM ISTMintGenie Team
When stock prices are expected to rise moderately, options traders follow a hedging
strategy called bull call spread. In this, two call options at different strike rates are
bought as well as sold. Read further to understand the concept in detail
A call option is a derivative product that gives the buyer an option, but not an
obligation, to buy a security from a seller at a predetermined price before the
expiry of contract. To maximise the profits, some traders buy these call options in
strategic proportions under a well-managed plan called options trading strategy.
A ‘bull call spread’ is also an options trading strategy that helps the trader to
benefit from a stock's moderate increase in price. The strategy makes use of two
call options to make a range comprising a lower strike price and an upper strike
price. This helps to cut down on cost incurred in owing the stock.
Essentially, there are three steps involved in the bull call spread:
A. A trader first zeroes in on a security that is likely to witness a moderate increase
in price over a period of time.
B. Then the trader will buy the call option with a strike price higher than the
market price. Here the trader will pay a premium
C. At the same time, the trader will also sell a call option at a premium with an
even higher strike price and the same expiration date as the first call that has been
bought. In this case, the trader will collect the premium.
The premium received by selling the call will partially take care of the premium
paid to buy the call. So, the difference between the two call options is the cost
incurred in the options strategy.
Essentially, traders use the bull call spread when they expect the security prices to
grow moderately and not substantially, and also when the stock prices experience
volatility.
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At the time of expiry of option, if the market price of security slides below the
lower strike price, the trader will not exercise the option. The trader, as a result,
will suffer loss to the extent of net premium paid to acquire the options. At the
same time, if the stock price jumps higher than the upper strike price, the trader
will exercise the buy call, enabling them to buy shares at a price lower than the
market price.
The gain earned will be the difference between the lower strike price and higher
strike price minus the net premium paid.
So, a bull call spread is a good options strategy that limits the risk incurred in call
options purchased. At the same time, disadvantage in the strategy is that the gains,
too, are capped up to the difference between the two strike prices.
This story was first published on MintGenie and can be accessed here.
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