Additional exercise

1.2 Arithmetic and geometric

sequences
1 For each arithmetic sequence, find the term indicated.

a 2, 6, 10, ..., u16 b 11, 8, 5, ..., u12

c 4, 4.7, 5.4, ..., u21 d 23.5, 22.8, 22.1, ..., u25

1 1 3
e , , , ..., u9 f x − 5 , 2 x − 3 , 3x − 1, ..., u10
4 2 4

2 For each arithmetic sequence, find number of terms.

a 7, 10, 13, ..., 40 b 80, 74, 68, ..., 2

c 45, 44.6, 44.2, ..., 35 d 4 x,12 x,20 x, ... ,100 x

e 10.5, 12, 13.5, ..., 48 f −21, −17, −13, ..., 23

3 For each geometric sequence, find the term indicated.

a 2, 6, 18, ..., u9 b 64, 96, 144, ..., u7

c 3, -6, 12, ..., u12 d 5, 5.5, 6.05, ...,

9 3
e , ,1, ..., u6 f m, m3 , m5 , ..., u10
4 2

4 An arithmetic sequence has a third term of 10 and a seventh term of 26.

Find the first term and the common difference.

5 An arithmetic sequence has a fourth term of 42 and a sixth term of 30.

Find the tenth term.

6 A geometric sequence has a second term of 12 and a fourth term of 108.

a Find the possible values of the common ratio.

b Find the possible values of the seventh term.

7 Consider a geometric sequence with u1 = 16 and r = 1.5 .

Find the least value of n such that un > 900 .

8 An arithmetic sequence, un , has a first term of 1000 and a common difference of 15.

3
A geometric sequence, v n , has a first term of 6 and a common ratio of .
2

Find the least value of n for which v n > un .

© Oxford University Press 2019 Additional exercise 1

 Additional exercise

Answers

1 a u1 = 2 and d = 6 − 2 = 4 , so u16 =2 + 4 (16 − 1) = 62

b u1 = 11 and d =− −3 , so u12 =11 + ( −3) (12 − 1) =−22

8 11 =

c u1 = 4 and d= 4.7 − 4= 0.7 , so u21 = 4 + 0.7 (21 − 1) =18

d u1 = 23.5 and d = −0.7 , so u=

22.8 − 23.5 = 25 23.5 + ( −0.7 ) (25 −=
1) 6.7

1 1 1 1 1 1 9
e u1 = and d = − = , so u9 = + ( 9 − 1) =
4 2 4 4 4 4 4

f u1= x − 5 and d = (2 x − 3) − ( x − 5) = x + 2 , so un = x − 5 + ( x + 2 ) (10 − 1) = 10 x + 13

2 a u1 = 7 and d = 3

7 + 3 ( n − 1) = 40 → 3n + 4 = 40 → 3n = 36 → n = 12

b u1 = 80 and d = −6

80 + ( −6 ) ( n − 1)= 2 → − 6n + 86= 2 → − 6n= −84 → n= 14

c u1 = 45 and d = −0.4

45 + ( −0.4 ) ( n − 1=
) 35 → − 0.4n + 45.4= 35 → − 0.4=
n −10.4 → =
n 26

d u1 = 4 x and d = 12 x

4 x + 12 x ( n − 1) = 100 x → 12 x ( n − 1) = 96 x → n − 1 = 8 → n = 9

e u1 = 10.5 and d = 1.5

10.5 + 1.5 ( n − 1) = 48 → 1.5n + 9 = 48 → 1.5n = 39 → n = 26

f u1 = −21 and d = 4

−21 + 4 ( n − 1) = 23 → 4n − 25 = 23 → 4n = 48 → n = 12

6
3 a r
u1 = 2 and = = 3,=
2
so u9 2= (
39 −1 2 ( 6561
= )
) 13122

96 3   3 7 −1   729 
b r
u1 = 64 and= = = , so u7 64=
    64 =
  729
64 2  
 2    64 

c u1 = 3 and r =
−6
3
= −2 , so u12 = (
3 ( −2 )
12 −1
= )
3 ( −2048 ) =
−6144

5.5
d u1 = 5 and=r = 1.1=
5
, so u8 5= (
1.18 −1 5 (2.14358881
= )
) 10.71794405

3
9 2 2 9   2   9  32 
6 −1
8
e u1 = and
= r = =, so u6    =
=  
4 9 3  
4   3   4  243  27
4
 

f r
u1 = m and=
m3
= m2 ,=
m
so u10 m m
=2
10 −1
m
= m18 ((
m19 ) ) ( )
© Oxford University Press 2019 2
 Additional exercise

4 u7 , so 10 + 4d = 26 → 4d = 16 → d = 4
u3 + 4d =

u3 , so u1 + 2 ( 4 ) = 10 → u1 = 2
u1 + 2d =

5 u6 , so 42 + 2d =
u4 + 2d = 30 → 2d =−12 → d =−6

u10 = u4 + 6d = 42 + 6 ( −6 ) = 42 − 36 = 6

6 a ( ) ( )
u2 r 2 = u4 , so 12 r 2 =108 → r 2 =9 → r =±3

b ( )
u7 = u2 r 5 , =
so u7 12
= 35 12= ( )
(243) 2916 ,

or u7 = (
12 ( −3)
5
)=
12 ( −243) =
−2916

7 (
un = 16 1.5n −1 )
u10 = 615.09375 , and u11 = 922.640625 , so n = 11

(Remember to give both “crossover values”, not just the final answer.)

  3 n −1 
8 un = 1000 + 15 ( n − 1) and v n = 6    
 2  
 

When n = 14 , u14 = 1195 and v14 = 1167.7170... , and

when n = 15 , u15 = 1210 and v15 = 1751.5755... , so n = 15 .

© Oxford University Press 2019 3